Pellet roasting device
By vertically arranging the preheating drum and roasting chamber, and combining the heating device and spiral track design, the problem of low efficiency in existing pellet roasting equipment has been solved, and a highly efficient metal mineral roasting process has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423286399.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing pellet roasting equipment, the horizontal arrangement of the preheating and roasting stations results in long production lines and low roasting efficiency.
The preheating drum and the roasting chamber are arranged vertically, and a heating device is installed in the roasting chamber. The metal minerals are fed into the preheating drum through the conveyor chute and then directly enter the roasting chamber for roasting, eliminating the need for the trolley to be dragged back and forth. The temperature is regulated by the fan and hot air channel, the movement of the metal pellets is controlled by the spiral track, and the high-temperature spray gun is used for ring-shaped heating.
It improves the efficiency of metal ore roasting, reduces equipment footprint, and enhances production efficiency and product quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN223866728U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of metal smelting technology, specifically to a pellet roasting apparatus. Background Technology
[0002] In the smelting of metal ores, briquetting, sintering, and pelletizing are commonly used methods. However, briquetting produces a product of poor quality, and sintering suffers from poor permeability during processing. Therefore, pelletizing is often used to smelt metal minerals, a process primarily involving the roasting of the minerals. In related technologies, the roasting equipment has preheating and roasting stations arranged laterally. Pellets are preheated at the preheating station before entering the roasting station for roasting. During processing, trolleys are used to move the pellets between different stations. This smelting method suffers from long production lines and low efficiency in roasting metal minerals. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a pellet roasting apparatus in which the preheating station and the roasting station are arranged vertically, which can improve the roasting efficiency.
[0004] This application provides a pellet roasting apparatus, including a preheating drum and a roasting chamber distributed from top to bottom;
[0005] The preheating drum has a discharge port at its lower part and a feed port corresponding to the discharge port at its upper part; the pellet roasting device also includes a conveying trough and the preheating drum has a feed port corresponding to the conveying trough for metal pellets to enter.
[0006] The roasting chamber is equipped with a heating device, and the lower part of the roasting chamber is provided with a discharge port for unloading the metal pellets.
[0007] Optionally, the pellet roasting apparatus further includes a blower connected to the preheating drum.
[0008] Optionally, a hot air passage is provided between the preheating drum and the fan;
[0009] The preheating drum includes an upper part and a lower part. The upper part of the preheating drum is a conical structure with a diameter that gradually increases from top to bottom. The lower part of the preheating drum is a cylindrical structure with a constant diameter. The upper part of the conical structure is connected to the hot air channel.
[0010] Optionally, the inner wall of the preheating drum at the bottom is arranged with multiple vertically distributed spiral tracks; among two adjacent spiral tracks, there is a certain height difference between the tail of the upper spiral track and the head of the lower spiral track, and the projections of the tail of the upper spiral track and the head of the lower spiral track in the vertical direction coincide.
[0011] Optionally, a baffle is provided at the lower part of the preheating drum, and the baffle can be flipped to block or open the discharge port.
[0012] Optionally, the width of the conveying trough gradually decreases along the feeding direction.
[0013] Optionally, the material conveying trough, the preheating roller, and the spiral track are all made of wear-resistant materials.
[0014] Optionally, a tray is provided in the roasting chamber, and the tray is made of a high-temperature resistant material; the tray is used to support the metal pellets and the tray can move up and down along the roasting chamber.
[0015] Optionally, the metal pellets are arranged in a ring on the tray;
[0016] The heating device includes multiple high-temperature spray guns, namely a first group of high-temperature spray guns and a second group of high-temperature spray guns. The first group of high-temperature spray guns and the second group of high-temperature spray guns are arranged in a ring and projected downwards. The projection of the first group of high-temperature spray guns is located inside the projection of the spiral track, and the projection of the second group of high-temperature spray guns is located outside the projection of the spiral track.
[0017] Optionally, the roasting chamber is provided with a heat insulation layer.
[0018] In this application, the pellet roasting apparatus includes a preheating drum and a roasting chamber distributed from top to bottom. A heating device is installed in the roasting chamber. The metal ore enters the preheating drum via a conveyor chute for preheating, undergoes roasting in the roasting chamber, and is then transported to the outside through a discharge port. Compared to the horizontally arranged production lines mentioned in the background art, the pellet roasting apparatus of this application integrates the preheating device and the roasting area vertically, eliminating the need for trolleys to move metal pellets back and forth to change stations, thus improving the efficiency of metal ore smelting. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pellet roasting apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.
[0020] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:
[0021] 1-Preheating drum; 11-Upper part of preheating drum; 12-Lower part of preheating drum; 13-Helical track; 14-Baffle;
[0022] 2-Roasting chamber; 21-Heating device; 22-Discharge port; 23-Plate; 24-Insulation layer
[0023] 3-Conveying trough;
[0024] 4- Fan;
[0025] 5-Hot air passage. Detailed Implementation
[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are mainly used to distinguish the same or similar features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.
[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pellet roasting apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.
[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the pellet roasting apparatus includes a preheating drum 1 and a roasting chamber 2 distributed from top to bottom. The lower part of the preheating drum 1 has a discharge port, and the upper part of the roasting chamber 2 has a feed port corresponding to the discharge port of the preheating drum 1. Specifically... Figure 1 In the preheating drum 1, the lower end is open, which is the discharge port. The top of the roasting chamber 2 is also equipped with a discharge port. The lower end face of the preheating drum 1 is directly connected to the top of the roasting chamber 2, that is, the inlet and outlet are directly connected. This makes it easy to ensure that the metal pellets enter the roasting chamber 2 directly from the preheating drum 1. Of course, the connection between the inlet and outlet is not limited to this. For example, a transition structure can be set between the two.
[0030] The pellet roasting apparatus also includes a conveying trough 3 located outside the preheating drum 1. The conveying trough 3 is not directly fixed to the roasting chamber 2, but rather has a small gap. This allows the conveying trough 3 to remain stationary in a fixed position, facilitating feeding, as it will not rotate with the preheating drum 1. The conveying trough 1 is connected to a feeder, and the preheating drum 1 has a feed inlet corresponding to the conveying trough 3. This allows the metal pellets to enter the preheating drum 1. Allowing the metal pellets to enter the preheating drum 1 via the conveying trough 3, rather than through the feeder, slows down the speed and flow rate of the metal pellets, promoting thorough preheating and preventing pellet breakage.
[0031] When using the pellet roasting apparatus in this embodiment for metal smelting, the metal pellets first enter the preheating drum 1. After preheating, they enter the roasting chamber 2 for roasting. Both preheating and roasting processes have specific temperature requirements, thus necessitating temperature increases for both the preheating drum 1 and the roasting chamber 2. In this embodiment, a heating device 21 is installed in the roasting chamber 2 to heat the air within it to meet the required roasting temperature. A discharge port 22 is located at the bottom of the roasting chamber 2. After roasting, the metal pellets can be transported through the discharge port 22 to the outside of the pellet roasting apparatus, thus completing the processing of the metal pellets.
[0032] In this embodiment, the preheating drum 1 does not have a direct heating device. Instead, a fan 4 is connected to the preheating drum 1. Because the preheating drum 1 is connected to the roasting chamber 2, when the fan 4 is started, it can draw hot air from the roasting chamber 2 into the preheating drum 1. During this process, the hot air will also cool down to meet the temperature requirements of the preheating process. To better ensure that the temperature inside the preheating drum 1 reaches the required level during the preheating stage, the fan 4 can have a temperature measurement function during operation. That is, the temperature of the preheating drum 1 can be monitored by installing a temperature sensor inside the fan 4. The temperature can be adjusted by adjusting the airflow of the fan 4, specifically by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan 4.
[0033] A hot air passage 5 is provided between the preheating drum 1 and the fan 4, such as Figure 1 It can be observed that the cross-sectional area of the hot air channel 5 is relatively small. According to the gas velocity law, this design increases the gas velocity within the pipe, facilitating gas exchange with the outside environment. Simultaneously, the relatively long length of the hot air channel 5 extends the gas exchange process, helping to ensure the relative temperature stability of the preheating drum 1. The preheating drum 1 can be divided into an upper part 11 and a lower part 12. The lower part 12 is a cylindrical structure of uniform diameter; the upper part 11 is an inverted funnel shape, with its diameter decreasing as the height increases, forming a tapered structure with a gradually increasing diameter from top to bottom. The uppermost end of the upper part 11 connects to the hot air channel 5, and its diameter is the same as that of the hot air channel 5. Since the preheating drum 1 is actually a single unit, the lowermost end of the upper part 11 has the same diameter as the lower part 12. This shape of the upper part 11 also serves as a buffer, ensuring that the gas velocity and temperature change gradually before entering the hot air channel 5, preventing abrupt changes.
[0034] The diameter of the lower part 12 of the preheating roller should be moderate, neither too large nor too small. The airflow rate of the blower 4 during operation can be relatively stable; that is, as long as the pre-set airflow speed of the blower 4 is the same, the gas flow rate through the preheating roller 1 will be basically the same at every moment and under every operating condition. If the diameter of the preheating roller 1 is too large, the flow rate of hot air extracted by the blower 4 will slow down during operation, and the space occupied by the equipment will also increase. If the diameter of the preheating roller 1 is too small, the number of metal pellets that can be processed will also decrease, reducing the overall production efficiency.
[0035] The feeder delivers the metal pellets to the conveying trough 3. To prevent the metal pellets from clogging the conveying trough 3, the feeder's operating speed cannot be too fast, and the width of the conveying trough 3 gradually decreases along the rolling direction of the metal pellets. This helps to reduce the flow rate of the metal pellets sliding to the preheating roller 1 per unit time, and makes the preheating of the metal pellets more uniform.
[0036] In addition, multiple spiral tracks 13 can be arranged on the inner wall of the lower part 12 of the preheating drum. Each set of spiral tracks 13 spirals along the inner wall of the preheating drum 1, and multiple spiral tracks 13 are distributed vertically, that is, distributed along the height direction of the preheating drum 1, with a certain angle to the ground. This allows the metal balls transported to the preheating drum 1 by the conveying trough 3 to move along the spiral tracks 13 instead of sliding directly down the inner wall of the preheating drum 1. This can slow down the rolling speed of the metal balls in the preheating drum 1, prolong the time the metal balls are in the preheating drum 1, and make the preheating process more thorough.
[0037] The preheating roller 1 is quite tall. If the spiral track 13 were a continuous, complete track, its length would be excessive, potentially causing blockage of the metal pellets during long-stroke operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the spiral track 13 is discontinuous. Specifically, there is a certain height difference between the tail of the upper spiral track 13 and the head of the lower spiral track 13, and their vertical projections coincide. That is, adjacent spiral tracks 13 are not directly connected but have a certain height difference. This allows the metal pellets to spiral to the tail of one spiral track 13 and then fall directly into the head of the next spiral track 13, reducing the running resistance of each segment of the spiral track 13 and lowering the probability of blockage. Obviously, this height difference cannot be too large, otherwise it will cause the metal pellets to break, affecting product quality. Simultaneously, the spiral track 13 has a certain width to ensure the metal pellets move along it. The width of the spiral track 13 should also be selected with appropriate value to ensure that the load-bearing capacity of the spiral track 13 can meet the requirements, while ensuring that the metal ball can roll smoothly along the spiral track 13.
[0038] In summary, the diameter of the preheating roller 1, the length of the conveying trough 3, and the width of the spiral track 13 should all be determined according to the actual situation in order to achieve the expected preheating effect.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a baffle 14 can be installed at the lower part 12 of the preheating drum. The baffle 14 can be flipped to block or open the discharge port. The preheated metal pellets can enter the calcination chamber 2 through the spiral track 13. After the feeding is completed, the baffle 14 can be flipped to a horizontal position to block the discharge port of the spiral track 13, facilitating the subsequent calcination process. If the next batch of metal pellets needs to be calcined, the baffle 14 can be released to open the discharge port.
[0040] A large number of metal pellets roll on the conveying trough 3, the preheating roller 1, and the spiral track 13. In order to reduce the wear on the conveying trough 3, the preheating roller 1, and the spiral track 13, the conveying trough 3, the preheating roller 1, and the spiral track 13 can be made of wear-resistant materials.
[0041] After preheating, the metal pellets enter the calcination chamber 2 through baffle 14. In this embodiment, a corresponding receiving device is provided in the calcination chamber 2. The receiving device is specifically as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, after the metal pellets enter the roasting chamber 2, they can be directly collected into the receiving device on the pallet 23, preventing them from falling directly to the bottom of the roasting chamber 2, thus improving the roasting quality. Simultaneously, to facilitate subsequent transportation of the roasted product, the pallet 23 is not directly fixed to the roasting chamber 2, but can move up and down along it. Specifically, a chain track can be installed in the roasting chamber 2, and a motor can be used to drive the pallet 23 to ensure the completion of the entire roasting process. Clearly, using a chain track is just one specific method to ensure the pallet 23 can move; other methods can also be used, such as placing the pallet 23 on a telescopic trolley.
[0042] With this configuration, when the metal pellets need to enter the roasting chamber 2, the pallet 23 can be moved to the upper part of the roasting chamber 2; during the roasting process of the metal pellets, the position of the pallet 23 remains unchanged; when the metal pellets are roasted and the finished product needs to be removed, the pallet 23 can be moved to the discharge port 22 at the lower part of the roasting chamber 2. During the roasting process, the temperature in the entire roasting chamber 2 is very high, and the pallet 23 is used to support the metal pellets, so the material used for the pallet 23 needs to be able to withstand high temperatures and have good load-bearing capacity.
[0043] As mentioned earlier, a baffle 14 is provided at the lower part 12 of the preheating drum, and the preheating drum 12 will rotate. During the preheating process, the metal pellets move along the spiral track 13 until they enter the calcination chamber 2, so the metal pellets will be distributed in a ring on the tray 23. The heating device 21 used in this embodiment is a high-temperature spray gun. In addition, other heating devices 21 that meet the temperature requirements can also be selected. In order to achieve a good calcination effect, the high-temperature spray guns are also distributed in a ring, corresponding to the ring distribution of the metal pellets on the tray 23. Specifically, they can be divided into an inner ring and an outer ring. The multiple high-temperature spray guns located in the inner ring are defined as the first group of high-temperature spray guns, and the multiple high-temperature spray guns located in the outer ring are defined as the second group of high-temperature spray guns. Projecting downwards, the projection of the first set of high-temperature spray guns is located inside the projection of the spiral track 13, and the projection of the second set of high-temperature spray guns is located outside the projection of the spiral track 13. The discharge port of the lowest spiral track 13 is used for discharge, so the position of the metal pellets falling on the pallet 23 corresponds to the tail of the spiral track 13. In this way, the first set of high-temperature spray guns located in the inner ring will be located inside the annularly distributed metal pellets, and the second set of high-temperature spray guns located in the outer ring will be located outside the annularly distributed metal pellets. The high-temperature spray guns in both the inner and outer rings can heat the metal pellets downwards, thereby more fully roasting the metal pellets.
[0044] The temperature inside the roasting chamber 2 is very high. Even if the high-temperature spray gun does not directly act on the outer wall of the roasting chamber 2, it may still affect the wall. Therefore, a heat insulation layer 24 can be installed on the outer wall of the roasting chamber 2. In this way, it can protect the operator if they accidentally touch the outer wall of the roasting chamber 2. The heat insulation layer 24 can also keep the temperature warm and reduce the temperature exchange between the roasting chamber 2 and the outside environment.
[0045] When using the pellet roasting apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application for processing, the complete process can be described as follows:
[0046] The heating device 21 first heats the air inside the pellet baking device. At this time, the fan 4 starts, and the metal pellets are fed to the conveying trough 3 by the feeder and finally roll into the preheating drum 1.
[0047] The metal pellets entering the preheating drum 1 move along the spiral track 13 and are dried under high temperature. Due to the influence of hot air from the inside out and from the bottom up, excess moisture will evaporate and be carried away with the hot air, thus completing the drying and preheating of the metal pellets.
[0048] The preheated metal pellets fall from the bottom spiral track 13 onto the tray 23 of the roasting chamber 2. After the feeding is complete, the baffle 14 is flipped to a horizontal position to block the flow. After roasting begins, the airflow of the blower 4 is adjusted to ensure that the roasting chamber 2 is always at the optimal roasting temperature. The heating device 21 continues to heat until roasting is complete.
[0049] At this time, the blower 4 is started, and the blower 4 will draw away the hot air. After the temperature drops, the pallet 23 is moved to the unloading port 22 to complete the unloading. After screening, the final qualified product is obtained. At the same time, the blower 4 draws the hot air into the preheating drum 1, which raises the temperature of the preheating drum 1. At this time, the drying and preheating treatment of the next batch of metal pellets can be carried out, completing the cycle of the entire roasting process.
[0050] It can be seen that when the first batch of metal pellets is preheated and roasted, the start-up of the blower 4 and the heating device 21 is sequential, and after that, the blower 4 and the heating device 21 can work simultaneously.
[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A pellet roasting apparatus, characterized in that, It includes a preheating drum (1) and a baking chamber (2) distributed from top to bottom; The preheating drum (1) is provided with a discharge port at its lower part, and the roasting chamber (2) is provided with a feed port corresponding to the discharge port at its upper part; the pellet roasting device also includes a conveying trough (3), and the preheating drum (1) has a feed port corresponding to the conveying trough (3) for metal pellets to enter. The roasting chamber (2) is equipped with a heating device (21), and the lower part of the roasting chamber (2) is provided with a discharge port (22) for unloading the metal pellets.
2. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pellet roasting apparatus also includes a blower (4), which is connected to the preheating drum (1).
3. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, A hot air passage (5) is provided between the preheating drum (1) and the fan (4); The preheating drum (1) includes an upper part (11) and a lower part (12). The upper part (11) is a conical structure with a diameter that gradually increases from top to bottom. The lower part (12) is a cylindrical structure with a constant diameter. The upper part of the conical structure is connected to the hot air channel (5).
4. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the preheating drum (12) is arranged with multiple vertically distributed spiral tracks (13); among two adjacent spiral tracks (13), there is a certain height difference between the tail of the upper spiral track (13) and the head of the lower spiral track (13), and the projections of the tail of the upper spiral track (13) and the head of the lower spiral track (13) in the vertical direction coincide.
5. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower part (12) of the preheating drum is provided with a baffle (14), which can be flipped to cover or open the discharge port.
6. The pellet roasting apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The width of the material conveying trough (3) gradually decreases along the feeding direction.
7. The pellet roasting apparatus according to any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that, The material conveying trough (3), the preheating roller (1) and the spiral track (13) are all made of wear-resistant materials.
8. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The roasting chamber (2) is provided with a tray (23) made of high temperature resistant material; the tray (23) is used to support the metal pellets and can move up and down along the roasting chamber (2).
9. The pellet roasting apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The metal pellets are distributed in a ring on the tray (23); The heating device (21) includes multiple high-temperature spray guns, namely a first group of high-temperature spray guns and a second group of high-temperature spray guns. The first group of high-temperature spray guns and the second group of high-temperature spray guns are arranged in a ring and projected downwards. The projection of the first group of high-temperature spray guns is located inside the projection of the spiral track (13), and the projection of the second group of high-temperature spray guns is located outside the projection of the spiral track (13).
10. The pellet roasting apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The roasting chamber (2) is provided with a heat insulation layer (24).