Gear shifting mechanism, gearbox and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gear shifting mechanism, a gearbox and a vehicle, the gear shifting mechanism comprises a shifting fork rod, one end of the shifting fork rod is provided with a shifting fork, and the other end of the shifting fork rod is provided with a guide pin; the cam is provided with a groove, the guide pin is located in the groove and can move along the groove, the center line of the groove comprises a plurality of arc sections with different sizes, a plurality of magnetic parts are arranged on the periphery of the cam, and the magnetic parts correspond to the arc sections respectively; and the induction piece is arranged on one side of the cam, the induction piece is selectively arranged right opposite to one of the magnetic pieces, and the distances between the multiple magnetic pieces and the induction piece are different when the multiple magnetic pieces are right opposite to the induction piece. According to the gear shifting mechanism, the induction part detects the induced electromotive force of the magnetic part right opposite to the induction part, whether the shifting fork rod moves to the required position or not is judged, and the gear after gear shifting is determined.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a shifting mechanism, a gearbox, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in my country continue to maintain rapid growth, which will lead to a significant increase in the market demand for hybrid transmissions. At the same time, the performance and layout requirements of hybrid transmissions from various automakers are also becoming more diverse.

[0003] In related technologies, the shifting system can use cam shifting. The cam groove and the transmission pin contact and slide relative to each other under the drive of the motor. The rotation angle of the cam is detected by an angle sensor to obtain the displacement of the shift fork, and the shifting gear is indirectly determined. The measurement process is relatively complicated. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a gear-shifting mechanism that directly detects the induced electromotive force of a magnetic component positioned opposite it using a sensing element, thereby determining the gear position after shifting and improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0005] This utility model further proposes a gearbox.

[0006] This utility model further proposes a vehicle.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a gear shifting mechanism includes: a shift fork lever, one end of which is provided with a shift fork, and the other end of which is provided with a guide pin; a cam, the cam having a groove, the guide pin being located inside the groove and movable along the groove, the center line of the groove including: multiple arc segments of different sizes, multiple magnetic elements being provided on the outer periphery of the cam, the multiple magnetic elements corresponding to the multiple arc segments respectively; and a sensing element, the sensing element being disposed on one side of the cam, the sensing element selectively facing one of the magnetic elements, the multiple magnetic elements being at different distances from the sensing element when facing each other.

[0008] According to the gear shifting mechanism of this utility model embodiment, the induced electromotive force of the magnetic component directly opposite to the sensor is detected by the sensor to determine whether the shift fork lever has moved to the required position and to determine the gear after shifting.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the outer periphery of the plurality of magnetic components is an arc, and the radii of the plurality of magnetic components are different.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the arc segment includes: a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment, wherein the second segment is located between the first segment and the third segment, and the radii of the first segment, the second segment, and the third segment are different.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the center line of the groove further includes a fourth segment and a fifth segment, wherein the fourth segment is connected between the first segment and the second segment, and the fifth segment is connected between the second segment and the third segment, and the fourth segment and the fifth segment are smooth transition curves.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of magnetic components include: a first magnetic component, a second magnetic component, and a third magnetic component, wherein the first magnetic component is disposed corresponding to the first segment, the second magnetic component is disposed corresponding to the second segment, and the third magnetic component is disposed corresponding to the third segment.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the second segment corresponds to the neutral gear and has a radius of R1, the first segment corresponds to the first gear and has a radius of R2, and the third segment corresponds to the second gear and has a radius of R3. R1, R2 and R3 satisfy the relationship: R1-R2=R3-R2.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shifting mechanism further includes: a bearing, and the other end of the shift fork is provided with a through hole, and the guide pin is rotatably connected to the through hole through the bearing.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shifting mechanism further includes: a mounting member, the mounting member being disposed on the gearbox, the mounting member having a positioning groove extending along a first direction, the shift fork extending along the first direction and having a positioning boss thereon, the positioning boss being movable along the positioning groove, the first direction being perpendicular to the axial direction of the cam.

[0016] A gearbox according to a second aspect of the present invention includes: a housing and a shifting mechanism disposed within the housing.

[0017] A vehicle according to a third aspect of the present invention includes: the gearbox.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cam and the sensing element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the groove on the cam according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the shift fork lever, bearing and guide pin according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the shifting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 100. Gear shifting mechanism;

[0027] 11. Shift fork lever; 111. Through hole; 112. Positioning boss; 12. Guide pin; 13. Shift fork; 14. Sliding sleeve; 15. Bearing;

[0028] 20. Cam; 21. Groove; 211. First section; 212. Second section; 213. Third section;

[0029] 31. Magnetic component; 32. First magnetic component; 33. Second magnetic component; 34. Third magnetic component;

[0030] 41. Mounting component; 411. Positioning groove; 42. Sensing component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0032] The following is for reference. Figures 1-5 The present invention describes a shift mechanism 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and also proposes a gearbox including the shift mechanism 100, and a vehicle including the gearbox.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the shift mechanism 100 includes a shift fork 11 and a cam 20. When the cam 20 rotates, the groove 21 in the cam 20 drives the shift fork 11 to move linearly, thereby causing the shift fork 11 to reciprocate, realizing the engagement and disengagement of the shift fork 13 and the engagement teeth, and realizing shifting.

[0034] A shift fork 13 is provided at one end of the shift fork lever 11, and a guide pin 12 is provided at the other end of the shift fork lever 11. The shift fork 13 is located at one end of the shift fork lever 11, and the shift fork 13 engages or disengages with different engagement teeth to achieve gear shifting.

[0035] Furthermore, a sliding sleeve 14 is connected to the shift fork 13. The sliding sleeve 14 can engage or disengage with different engagement teeth to achieve gear shifting.

[0036] The cam 20 has a groove 21, and the guide pin 12 is located inside the groove 21 and can move along the groove 21. That is, the outer surface of the cam 20 has a groove 21, and the guide pin 12 engages with the groove 21 inside the cam 20. When the cam 20 rotates, the groove 21 inside the cam 20 drives the shift fork rod 11 to move linearly, thereby causing the shift fork rod 11 to reciprocate, realizing the engagement and disengagement of the shift fork 13 with the engagement teeth, thus realizing gear shifting.

[0037] In this embodiment, the width of each section of the groove 21 is D, thereby preventing the guide pin 12 and shift fork 13 from bouncing and vibrating up and down under the drive of cam 20 during the shifting process, thus avoiding impact on the shifting process.

[0038] The shifting mechanism 100 may include: a shifting motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the input end of the reduction mechanism, and the output end of the reduction mechanism is connected to the cam 20. When the shifting motor drives the cam 20 to rotate, it drives the shift fork 11 to move, thereby realizing the engagement and disengagement of the sliding sleeve 14 and the engagement teeth, thus realizing shifting.

[0039] The reduction mechanism can be, for example, a gearbox. In order to change the direction of motion, the reduction mechanism may also include, for example, a bevel gear pair or a worm gear mechanism, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The shift mechanism 100 is powered by a shift motor. After the speed reduction mechanism reduces speed and increases torque, it drives the cam 20 to rotate. The groove 21 inside the cam 20 drives the guide pin 12 inside to move synchronously. The shift fork rod 11 then drives the shift fork 13 and the sliding sleeve 14 to move synchronously, so as to realize the engagement and disengagement of the sliding sleeve 14 with the engagement teeth, thereby realizing the shift.

[0041] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the center line of the groove 21 includes multiple arc segments of different sizes. Specifically, the center line of the groove 21 is a continuous and smooth curve, and the center line includes multiple arc segments. Each arc segment is an arc with the axis of the cam 20 as its center. The radii of the multiple arc segments are different, and the multiple arc segments correspond to different gears. The arcs ensure the precise stability of entering the gear position after shifting, while also reducing vibration and impact and improving durability.

[0042] Multiple magnetic elements 31 are provided on the outer periphery of the cam 20, and each magnetic element 31 corresponds to a multiple arc segment. The multiple magnetic elements 31 are all magnetic, and are all provided on the outer periphery of the cam 20. The multiple magnetic elements 31 are spaced apart around the outer periphery of the cam 20, and the positions of the multiple magnetic elements 31 correspond to different arc segments.

[0043] The shift mechanism 100 also includes a sensor 42, which is disposed on one side of the cam 20. The sensor 42 is selectively positioned opposite one of the magnetic elements 31, and the distance between the multiple magnetic elements 31 and the sensor 42 when they are opposite each other is different. Specifically, the sensor 42 can be mounted on the gearbox, and when the guide pin 12 is in a certain gear position, the magnetic element 31 corresponding to that gear position is positioned opposite the sensor 42.

[0044] When each magnetic element 31 is directly opposite the sensing element 42, the distance between the magnetic element 31 and the sensing element 42 is different. Therefore, when any magnetic element 31 is directly opposite the sensing element 42, the induced electromotive force on the outer periphery of the magnetic element 31 is different.

[0045] In some embodiments, the sensor 42 may be disposed on the side of the cam 20 away from the shift fork 11, and the sensor 42 and the shift fork 11 are disposed opposite to each other. When the guide pin 12 is in a certain position, the magnetic element 31 corresponding to that position is disposed opposite to the sensor 42.

[0046] Alternatively, the sensor 42 can be located on the same side as the shift fork 11. The sensor 42 and the shift fork 11 are arranged opposite each other, and when the guide pin 12 is in a certain position, the magnetic element 31 corresponding to that position is arranged directly opposite the sensor 42.

[0047] During gear shifting, when the cam 20 rotates under the drive of the shifting motor, the guide pin 12 inserts into one of the arc segments, which corresponds to a certain gear. The magnetic component 31 corresponding to the arc segment rotates to be directly opposite the sensing component 42. When the magnetic component and the sensing component 42 are directly opposite each other, the sensing component 42 can detect the induced electromotive force on the outer periphery of the magnetic component 31 based on the distance between the outer periphery of the magnetic component 31 and the sensing component 42, determine whether the shift fork lever 11 has moved linearly to the required position, and determine the gear after shifting.

[0048] Therefore, by detecting the induced electromotive force of the magnetic element 31 directly opposite it by the sensing element 42, it is determined whether the shift fork lever 11 has moved to the required position and the gear position after shifting is determined.

[0049] The sensing element 42 can be a Hall sensor, which can detect the induced electromotive force on the magnetic element 31 that is directly opposite to the sensing element 42. Specifically, the sensing element 42 detects the induced electromotive force on the magnetic element 31 that is directly opposite to the sensing element 42, and determines the shift gear based on the induced electromotive force.

[0050] Multiple magnetic components 31 have arc-shaped outer circumferences, and the radii of these components are different. Specifically, the arc-shaped outer circumferences of the magnetic components 31 ensure that the distance between the outer circumference of the magnetic component 31 and the sensing element 42 is equal when the guide pin 12 is positioned at any point within the arc segment corresponding to a certain gear position, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the sensing element 42's detection. Since different magnetic components 31 have different arc radii, the distance between them and the sensing element 42 varies when they are directly opposite each other, resulting in different induced electromotive forces, which facilitates the determination of the gear position.

[0051] The arc segment includes: a first segment 211, a second segment 212, and a third segment 213. The second segment 212 is located between the first segment 211 and the third segment 213. The radii of the first segment 211, the second segment 212, and the third segment 213 are different. Specifically, the groove 21 has a "C"-shaped cross-section. The second segment 212 corresponds to neutral, the first segment 211 corresponds to first gear, and the third segment 213 corresponds to second gear. Since the second segment 212 is located between the first segment 211 and the second segment 212, the neutral position is located in the middle of the groove, and the first and second gears are located at the two ends of the groove 21. This ensures the accuracy of the gear position while also achieving the advantages of small volume, flexible arrangement, and suitability for gear control of a single shift fork 13.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the radius of the second segment 212 is R1, the radius of the first segment 211 is R2, and the radius of the third segment 213 is R3. The difference between the radius of the second segment 212 and the radius of the first segment 211 is the shift travel between neutral and 1st gear. When shifting between neutral and 1st gear, the displacement of the shift fork 11 is the difference between R1 and R2. The difference between the radius of the second segment 212 and the radius of the third segment 213 is the shift travel between neutral and 2nd gear. When shifting between neutral and 2nd gear, the displacement of the shift fork 11 is the difference between R3 and R2.

[0053] In some embodiments, R1, R2, and R3 satisfy the relationship: R1 - R2 = R3 - R2. That is, the difference between the radius of the second segment 212 and the radius of the first segment 211 is equal to the difference between the radius of the third segment 213 and the radius of the second segment 212. By using the same shift stroke at both ends, the volume occupied is reduced while further ensuring the balance and stability of the shifting process.

[0054] The centerline of groove 21 also includes a fourth segment and a fifth segment. The fourth segment connects the first segment 211 and the second segment 212, and the fifth segment connects the second segment 212 and the third segment 213. The fourth and fifth segments are smooth transition curves. During gear shifting, the smooth transition curves can reduce vibration and impact.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, the plurality of magnetic components 31 include: a first magnetic component 32, a second magnetic component 33, and a third magnetic component 34. The first magnetic component 32 is correspondingly disposed to the first segment 211, the second magnetic component 33 is correspondingly disposed to the second segment 212, and the third magnetic component 34 is correspondingly disposed to the third segment 213. Specifically, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the central angle of the first segment 211 is θ2, the central angle of the second segment 212 is θ1, and the central angle of the third segment 213 is θ3. The arc of the first magnetic element 32 is equal to the central angle of the first segment 211, the arc of the second magnetic element 33 is equal to the central angle of the second segment 212, and the arc of the third magnetic element 34 is equal to the central angle of the third segment 213. This ensures the accuracy of the detection by the sensing element 42 during gear shifting.

[0056] Among them, the outer periphery of the first magnetic element 32 is a first arc with a radius of R5; the outer periphery of the second magnetic element 33 is a second arc with a radius of R4; the outer periphery of the third magnetic element 34 is a third arc with a radius of R6; R4, R5 and R6 are not equal to each other.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, the shifting mechanism 100 also includes: a bearing 15, a through hole 111 at the other end of the shift fork 11, and a guide pin 12 rotatably connected to the through hole 111 via the bearing 15. Specifically, during the rotation of the cam 20, the guide pin 12 and the groove 21 undergo relative displacement. Compared to the original sliding relationship between the guide pin 12 and the groove 21, the guide pin 12 and the groove 21 roll relative to each other in this design, reducing the friction between the guide pin 12 and the groove 21. Thus, the guide pin 12 and the shift fork 11 are rotatably connected via the bearing 15, changing the contact between the surface of the groove 21 and the surface of the guide pin 12 from sliding friction to rolling friction, reducing the friction between the guide pin 12 and the inner wall of the groove 21, improving accuracy, reducing wear, and enhancing the durability and stability of the system. The surface of the groove 21 and the pin surface have low machining accuracy requirements.

[0058] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the shift fork lever 11 extends along a first direction. One end of the shift fork lever 11 in the first direction is provided with a shift fork 13 and the other end is provided with a guide pin 12. The first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the cam 20. The shift fork lever 11 extends along the first direction, and the length direction of the shift fork lever 11 is the extension direction. The extension direction of the shift fork lever 11 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the cam 20. This avoids the problem of the drive module composed of the shift motor and the cam 20 being arranged in the radial space of the gear set, which would otherwise lead to an increase in the overall radial dimension of the shift mechanism 100. This improves the adaptability of the shift mechanism 100 in the overall vehicle layout.

[0059] When the cam 20 rotates, the shift fork lever 11 is driven by the groove 21 through the guide pin 12, moving left or right. The distance of movement is related to the difference in radii of multiple arc segments, and the direction of movement is perpendicular to the axis of the cam 20. The shift fork lever 11 drives the shift fork 13, which in turn drives the sliding sleeve 14 to move left or right, thereby connecting or disconnecting with the engagement teeth and shifting gears.

[0060] In other embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the shift mechanism 100 also includes: a mounting member 41, which is mounted on the gearbox. The mounting member 41 has a positioning groove 411 extending in a first direction. A positioning boss 112 is provided on the shift fork 11, and the positioning boss 112 can move along the positioning groove 411. When the cam 20 rotates, the positioning boss 112 moves in the positioning groove 411 in the first direction, that is, the shift fork 11 moves linearly in the first direction. The shift fork 11 then drives the shift fork 13 and the sliding sleeve 14 to move synchronously, thereby realizing the engagement and disengagement of the sliding sleeve 14 with the engagement teeth, thus achieving gear shifting. Through the positioning cooperation of the positioning boss 112 and the positioning groove 411, the accuracy of the shift stroke after long-term use of the shift mechanism 100 can be guaranteed, improving the stability and durability of the shift mechanism 100.

[0061] A self-locking structure is provided in the positioning groove 411, and a locking groove that cooperates with the self-locking structure is provided on the positioning boss 112. Specifically, when the cam 20 drives the shift fork 11 to move linearly in the first direction during rotation, the positioning boss 112 moves along the positioning groove 411. When the shift fork 11 moves to the fixed position, the self-locking structure is locked in the locking groove, so that the shift fork 11 is locked and positioned.

[0062] The self-locking structure includes a telescopic spring and a steel ball. The telescopic spring is located on the positioning groove 411, and the bottom wall of the positioning groove 411 has a receiving groove. The telescopic spring can be placed in the receiving groove. The steel ball is fixed to the extension end of the telescopic spring. Under normal circumstances, the telescopic spring is compressed, and the steel ball abuts against the outer wall of the shift fork 11. During the linear motion of the shift fork 11 driven by the cam 20, the shift fork 11 and the steel ball are relatively displaced. When the locking groove corresponds to the steel ball, the telescopic spring automatically locks the steel ball in the locking groove through its own elasticity, so that the shift fork 11 is positioned and locked.

[0063] The bottom of the locking groove is arc-shaped or funnel-shaped, so that when the shift fork 11 needs to move linearly again after locking and positioning, the steel ball can push the telescopic spring to contract through the guide of the bottom of the locking groove, so that the steel ball gradually moves out of the locking groove, thereby allowing the shift fork 11 to move linearly normally in the first direction.

[0064] According to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention, a gearbox includes: a housing, and a shift mechanism 100 disposed within the housing. The shift mechanism 100 determines the gear position after shifting by directly detecting the induced electromotive force of a magnetic element 31 positioned opposite it using a sensing element 42, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection.

[0065] A vehicle according to a third aspect embodiment of the present invention includes a transmission. During gear shifting, the transmission detects the induced electromotive force of the magnetic element 31 opposite to it via the sensing element 42 of the shifting mechanism 100, determines whether the shift fork lever 11 has moved to the required position, and determines the gear after shifting.

[0066] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0067] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gear shifting mechanism, characterized in that, include: A shift fork lever (11), one end of which is provided with a shift fork (13), and the other end of which is provided with a guide pin (12). The cam (20) has a groove (21), the guide pin (12) is located inside the groove (21) and can move along the groove (21), the center line of the groove (21) includes multiple arc segments of different sizes, and multiple magnetic elements (31) are provided on the outer periphery of the cam (20), the multiple magnetic elements (31) respectively correspond to the multiple arc segments; The sensor (42) is disposed on one side of the cam (20). The sensor (42) is selectively disposed opposite to one of the magnetic elements (31). The distance between the multiple magnetic elements (31) and the sensor (42) is different.

2. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the plurality of magnetic elements (31) is an arc, and the radii of the plurality of magnetic elements (31) are different.

3. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc segment includes a first segment (211), a second segment (212), and a third segment (213), wherein the second segment (212) is located between the first segment (211) and the third segment (213), and the first segment (211), the second segment (212), and the third segment (213) have different radii.

4. The shifting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The centerline of the groove (21) further includes a fourth segment and a fifth segment, the fourth segment being connected between the first segment (211) and the second segment (212), and the fifth segment being connected between the second segment (212) and the third segment (213), the fourth segment and the fifth segment being smooth transition curves.

5. The shifting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of magnetic components (31) include: a first magnetic component (32), a second magnetic component (33) and a third magnetic component (34), wherein the first magnetic component (32) is configured corresponding to the first segment (211), the second magnetic component (33) is configured corresponding to the second segment (212), and the third magnetic component (34) is configured corresponding to the third segment (213).

6. The shifting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second segment (212) corresponds to the neutral gear and has a radius of R1, the first segment (211) corresponds to the first gear and has a radius of R2, and the third segment (213) corresponds to the second gear and has a radius of R3. R1, R2 and R3 satisfy the relationship: R1-R2=R3-R2.

7. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The bearing (15) has a through hole (111) at the other end of the shift fork (11), and the guide pin (12) is rotatably connected to the through hole (111) through the bearing (15).

8. The shifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Mounting component (41), which is mounted on the gearbox, has a positioning groove (411) extending in a first direction. The shift fork (11) extends in the first direction and has a positioning boss (112) thereon. The positioning boss (112) can move along the positioning groove (411). The first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the cam (20).

9. A gearbox, characterized in that, include: case; The shifting mechanism (100) according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the shifting mechanism (100) is disposed within the housing.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The gearbox as claimed in claim 9.

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