Counterweight slippage adjusting structure and crane

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, in particular to a counter weight slippage adjusting structure and a crane, the counter weight slippage adjusting structure comprises a counter weight plate, a counter weight unit and a driving part, the counter weight unit is installed on the counter weight plate in a sliding mode, the driving part is installed on the counter weight plate and connected with the counter weight unit, and the counter weight unit is connected with the driving part. The driving part is used for driving the counterweight unit to slide on the counterweight plate; the counterweight unit comprises a sliding piece and two supporting columns, connecting parts are formed on the two sides of the sliding piece, and each connecting part is connected with the supporting column of one connecting part; the problems that a fixed balance weight structure adopted by a traditional crane cannot dynamically adapt to working condition changes, and dynamic unbalance of the stabilizing moment and the overturning moment is likely to be caused are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, in particular to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure and a crane. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of building construction, road engineering and emergency rescue, the crane as the core operation equipment, its counterweight adjustment system constitutes the core guarantee of the mechanical balance of the whole machine, directly determines the boundary conditions of the operation stability, efficiency output and safety performance of the equipment. The counterweight structure offsets the overturning moment generated by the lifting load by building a stable moment, ensuring the mechanical balance of the whole machine under complex working conditions. The traditional crane generally adopts a fixed counterweight structure, that is, a rigid counterweight seat is installed in a static way at the rear end of the control console, and its design needs to strictly meet the requirements of stable moment calculation and the limit value of rear axle load specified by the national mandatory standard. However, this fixed counterweight mode has significant technical limitations: first, the spatial distribution form of the counterweight is rigidly coupled with the position of the center of gravity of the whole machine, and cannot be dynamically adjusted in real time according to the lifting load quality and operation range, resulting in imbalance between the stable moment and the overturning moment, which not only limits the maximum lifting capacity but also significantly increases the overturning risk; second, in order to cover extreme working conditions, the counterweight seat is excessively configured, causing redundancy of the self-weight of the whole machine, aggravating energy consumption and reducing the mobility of the whole machine in the field, especially in the scene of emergency rescue, the heavy body is difficult to quickly deploy. With the development of modern engineering towards high altitude and large span (such as super high-rise building construction, large bridge construction) and the increasing demand for rapid response of equipment in emergency rescue, the rigidity and non-adjustable characteristics of the traditional counterweight mode have become the core technical bottleneck restricting the operation efficiency and safety performance of the crane. For example, in the construction of super high-rise buildings, the crane needs to frequently adjust the operation range and lifting load, and the fixed counterweight is difficult to dynamically adapt to the load change, resulting in fluctuation of the stable moment; in emergency rescue, complex terrain and emergency working conditions require the crane to quickly adjust the counterweight parameters to expand the operation range, and the traditional design lacks adjustment capability and is difficult to achieve precise control.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a counterweight sliding adjustment structure and a crane to solve the above technical problems. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application aims to provide a counterweight sliding adjustment structure to solve the problem that the traditional crane adopts a fixed counterweight structure and cannot dynamically adapt to working condition changes, which easily leads to dynamic imbalance between the stable moment and the overturning moment; the second purpose is to provide a crane.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A counterweight sliding adjustment structure, comprising a counterweight plate, a counterweight unit and a driving member, the counterweight unit is slidingly installed on the counterweight plate, the driving member is installed on the counterweight plate and connected with the counterweight unit, and the driving member is used to drive the counterweight unit to slide on the counterweight plate.

[0007] The counterweight unit comprises a sliding member and two support columns, and two sides of the sliding member are provided with connecting portions, and each connecting portion is connected with a support column.

[0008] The bottom of the support column is detachably connected with a counterweight seat.

[0009] According to the above technical scheme, when the driving member (such as a motor) starts, the output shaft drives the rotating disc to rotate, the driving column eccentrically arranged on the rotating disc moves along the inner wall of the annular frame groove, forcing the two side sliding rods to slide horizontally under the guidance and constraint of the supporting block, thereby driving the sliding frame to reciprocate along the counterweight plate. The sliding frame drives the two support columns to displace synchronously through the connecting portions, and the counterweight seat at the bottom of the support column changes the horizontal distance between the counterweight seat and the console, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the length of the force arm. When the lifting load increases or the operation range expands, the driving member pushes the counterweight seat away from the console to increase the force arm and improve the stability torque. The detachable counterweight seat design supports quick adjustment of the total counterweight, and in combination with the limiting protection mechanism of the sliding frame, the safety and reliability of the adjustment process are ensured, thereby breaking through the rigid constraint of the traditional fixed counterweight and realizing dynamic optimization of the torque balance.

[0010] Further, the sliding member comprises a sliding frame, an annular block and two sliding rods, and the annular block is provided with an annular frame groove penetrating through two ends; in the first direction, the two sides of the annular frame groove are respectively fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding rods, and the two sliding rods are fixedly connected with the sliding frame.

[0011] Further, two supporting blocks are fixedly arranged on the counterweight plate, and the two sliding rods are slidingly connected on the two supporting blocks correspondingly.

[0012] Further, the driving member comprises a motor fixedly arranged at the bottom of the counterweight plate, an output shaft of the motor penetrates through the counterweight plate and is coaxially connected with a rotating disc, a driving column is eccentrically connected on the rotating disc, and the driving column extends into the annular frame groove for driving the sliding rods and the sliding frame to move.

[0013] Further, one end of the connecting portion is connected with the sliding frame, and the other end of the connecting portion is fixedly connected with the support column.

[0014] Further, it further comprises a mounting frame, which is symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the counterweight plate in the second direction, and the mounting frame is provided with a through slot, and the connecting portion penetrates through the through slot and is connected with the support column.

[0015] The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0016] Furthermore, a mounting base is fixedly provided on the mounting frame, and a first rod is rotatably connected to the mounting base;

[0017] The support column has a sliding groove, a limit switch is provided at the top of the sliding groove, a slider is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the slider is hinged to the first rod, and the first counterweight is installed at the bottom of the support column.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes two telescopic seats, which are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the counterweight plate along the first direction;

[0019] The telescopic seat includes a seat body fixed on the counterweight plate and a cylinder body fixed on the seat body. A piston rod is slidably connected inside the cylinder body and is connected to the sliding frame.

[0020] On the other hand, this application also proposes a crane, characterized in that: it includes a base, a control console mounted on the base, and a lifting boom mounted on one side of the control console; it also includes a counterweight sliding adjustment structure as described above, the counterweight sliding adjustment structure being mounted on the side of the control console opposite to the lifting boom.

[0021] Furthermore, the control console includes a base, a support base, a support frame, and a counterweight. The support base is fixedly mounted on the base, the support frame is hinged to the support base at its middle position, and the counterweight is fixedly mounted on the end of the support frame.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] This invention utilizes the mechanical linkage between the driving component and the sliding component to enable the counterweight unit to slide and dynamically adjust the lever arm length. Compared to the traditional fixed counterweight mode, this design can adapt to changes in lifting weight and working radius in real time: when the lifting load increases or the working radius expands, the driving component pushes the counterweight seat away from the control console, effectively increasing the lever arm length, thereby significantly improving the stabilizing torque and avoiding the risk of overturning caused by torque imbalance; when lightly loaded or during relocation, it retracts in the opposite direction, reducing the overall torque to improve mobility. The design is compact and highly practical.

[0024] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from practice of this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained through the detailed embodiments described below. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This utility model relates to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure and a crane (see view). Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of ( );

[0026] Figure 2 This utility model relates to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure and a crane (see view). Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of ( );

[0027] Figure 3 This utility model relates to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure (see) Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of ( );

[0028] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure (see) Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of ( );

[0029] Figure 5 This utility model relates to a counterweight sliding adjustment structure (see) Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of ( );

[0030] Figure 6 In the counterweight sliding adjustment structure of this utility model Figure 5 A schematic diagram of part A.

[0031] The components include: counterweight plate 1, counterweight unit 2, sliding component 21, sliding frame 211, annular block 212, sliding rod 213, annular frame groove 214, support block 215, connecting part 216, support column 22, sliding groove 221, limit switch 222, slider 223, rotating disk 41, drive column 42, mounting bracket 5, through groove 51, mounting seat 6, first rod body 7, telescopic seat 8, seat body 81, cylinder body 82, piston rod 83, base 91, control console 92, platform 921, support seat 922, support frame 923, counterweight hammer 924, and lifting arm 93. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating this utility model and not for limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0034] This embodiment proposes a counterweight sliding adjustment structure, such as Figures 3 to 6 As shown, it includes a counterweight plate 1, a counterweight unit 2, and a driving component. The counterweight unit 2 is slidably mounted on the counterweight plate 1. The driving component is mounted on the bottom of the counterweight plate 1 and connected to the counterweight unit 2. The driving component is used to drive the counterweight unit 2 to slide on the counterweight plate 1. The counterweight unit 2 includes a sliding member 21 and two support columns 22. The sliding member 21 has connecting parts 216 on both sides, and the two connecting parts 216 are connected to the two support columns 22. The bottom of the support column 22 is detachably connected to a counterweight seat by bolt connection.

[0035] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the sliding component 21 includes a sliding frame 211, an annular block 212, and two sliding rods 213. The annular block 212 has an annular groove 214 that extends completely through both ends. Figure 3 As shown, along the first direction, the two sides of the annular frame groove 214 are fixedly connected to the corresponding slide rods 213 respectively, and both slide rods 213 are fixedly connected to the sliding frame 211.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, two support blocks 215 are fixedly installed on the counterweight plate 1, and two sliding rods 213 are slidably connected to the two support blocks 215. The two support blocks 215 are fixed on the counterweight plate 1, and the sliding rods 213 are respectively embedded in the tracks of the support blocks 215, forming a high-precision linear motion pair. The support blocks 215 are used to constrain the sliding rods 213 to slide only along the second direction, ensuring that the sliding frame 211 has no lateral offset, ensuring the structural stability of the large-tonnage counterweight seat during dynamic adjustment, and avoiding the off-center loading problem that is easily caused by the lack of guiding constraints.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the driving component includes a motor (not shown) fixedly mounted at the bottom of the counterweight plate 1. The motor is a forward and reverse reversible motor. The output shaft of the motor passes through the counterweight plate 1 and is coaxially connected to a rotating disk 41. A driving column 42 is eccentrically connected to the rotating disk 41. The driving column 42 extends into the annular frame groove 214 to drive the slide rod 213 and the sliding frame 211 to move.

[0038] In the embodiment, the motor is fixed to the bottom of the counterweight plate 1, the output shaft of the motor penetrates the counterweight plate 1 and is coaxially connected to the rotating disc 41, the eccentric driving column 42 mounted on the rotating disc 41 extends into the annular frame slot 214 of the annular block 212 of the sliding part 21, when the motor is started, the output shaft drives the rotating disc 41 to rotate, the rotating angle of the motor is not higher than 180 degrees, the eccentric driving column 42 generates periodic displacement in the annular frame slot 214. Since the annular frame slot 214 penetrates at both ends, the displacement component of the rotating movement of the driving column 42 forces the sliding rods 213 on both sides to synchronously slide under the linear guidance of the supporting block 215, thereby driving the sliding frame 211 and the counterweight unit 2 to reciprocate along the counterweight plate 1. The design converts the rotating movement of the motor into the linear movement of the sliding frame 211, cooperates with the forward and reverse rotation control of the motor, thereby driving the counterweight seat to move left and right along the second direction as needed, further driving the change of the length of the force arm between the counterweight seat and the control console 92, realizing the stepless sliding adjustment of the counterweight unit 2 on the counterweight plate 1, forming a stable and reliable linear motion mechanism, and providing core transmission guarantee for dynamic counterweight adjustment.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , further comprising a mounting frame 5, the mounting frame 5 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the counterweight plate 1 along the second direction, a through slot 51 is formed in the mounting frame 5, one end of a connecting part 216 is connected with the sliding frame 211, the other end of the connecting part 216 penetrates the through slot 51 and is connected with the support column 22; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a mounting seat 6 is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame 5, a first rod body 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 6; a sliding slot 221 is formed in the support column 22, a limit switch 222 is arranged at the top of the sliding slot 221, and the limit switch 222 is connected with the motor control. A sliding block 223 is slidably connected in the sliding slot 221, the sliding block 223 is hinged with the first rod body 7, and the first counterweight seat is arranged at the bottom of the support column 22.

[0041] For the convenience of understanding, as shown in Figure 5 , the entire stroke of the counterweight seat in the second direction is d, Figure 5 , the counterweight seat is located at the position of d / 2, at this time, the sliding block 223 is located at the bottom of the sliding slot 221; when the driving part drives the support column 22 to move left by d / 4, the sliding block 223 is located at the middle of the sliding slot 221, and when the support column 22 continues to move left by d / 4, the sliding block 223 is located at the top of the sliding slot 221 and contacts with the limit switch 222; similarly, as shown in Figure 5As a reference, when the support 22 moves to the right by d / 4, the slider 223 moves up to the middle position of the sliding groove 221, and when the support 22 continues to move to the right by d / 4, that is, when the counterweight seat reaches the rightmost side of the entire stroke, the slider 223 moves up to the top end of the sliding groove 221, and at this time, the slider 223 also contacts the limit switch 222, triggering the mechanical protection to prevent movement beyond the limit; the controllable displacement of the counterweight seat in the horizontal direction is realized, and a safety constraint mechanism for establishing the displacement boundary is established. The mechanical linkage triggering protection mechanism of the embodiment compared with the traditional technology relying on photoelectric sensor or hydraulic limiting, the traditional technology has signal delay, power dependence or complex oil way fault risk, and the design realizes the hard constraint of displacement boundary through pure mechanical structure, the physical contact between the slider 223 and the limit switch 222 provides instant triggering feedback, without external energy intervention, higher reliability. In the extreme working condition, even if the control system fails, the mechanical protection can still forcibly terminate the displacement to prevent structure overstroke damage or whole machine overturning. In addition, the design without electrical elements reduces the maintenance complexity, adapts to the harsh environment of construction site, rescue site and the like, significantly improves the safety and durability of the whole life cycle of the equipment, and provides a more robust guarantee boundary for dynamic counterweight adjustment.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, two telescopic seats 8 are symmetrically fixed on the counterweight plate 1 in the first direction; the telescopic seat 8 comprises a seat body 81 fixed on the counterweight plate 1 and a cylinder body 82 fixed on the seat body 81, and a piston rod 83 is slidably connected in the cylinder body 82, and the piston rod 83 is connected with the sliding frame 211.

[0043] In the embodiment, the telescopic seat 8 is symmetrically fixed on the counterweight plate 1, and the purpose of the telescopic seat 8 is to support the sliding frame 211, share the single-point load of the counterweight unit 2 on the sliding rod 213, reduce the friction loss of the support block 215, and improve the stability of the structure.

[0044] On the other hand, the application also provides a crane, characterized by comprising a base 91, a control console 92 mounted on the base 91, and a lifting arm 93 mounted on one side of the control console 92; as a preferred embodiment, the control console 92 comprises a pedestal 921, a support seat 922, a support frame 923, and a counterweight 924, the support seat 922 is fixedly installed on the pedestal 921, the support frame 923 is hinged at the middle position of the support seat 922, and the counterweight 924 is fixedly installed at the end of the support frame 923.

[0045] The counterweight sliding adjustment structure as described above is mounted on the side of the console 92 away from the boom 93. According to the above technical solution, when the hoisted load increases or the working range expands, the driving member (e.g. motor) is started, the output shaft thereof rotates clockwise by a certain angle, which is less than 180 degrees, to drive the rotating disc 41 to rotate clockwise, the driving column 42 eccentrically arranged on the rotating disc 41 moves along the inner wall of the annular frame groove 214, forcing the two side sliding rods 213 to slide horizontally under the guidance and constraint of the support blocks 215, thereby driving the sliding frame 211 to move leftward or rightward in the second direction. When the sliding frame 211 moves rightward, the counterweight seat is driven to move rightward, and the horizontal distance between the counterweight seat and the console 92 is changed, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the length of the force arm. When the driving member drives the counterweight seat to move away from the console 92 to increase the length of the force arm, the lifting stability moment is increased; when the load is light or the crane is moved, the driving member is reversely rotated.

[0046] In the embodiment, the counterweight seat includes a plurality of counterweight blocks that can be connected to each other in a stackable manner. The detachable counterweight seat design supports quick adjustment of the total amount of counterweight, and in combination with the limiting protection mechanism of the sliding frame 211, the safety and reliability of the adjustment process are ensured, thereby breaking through the rigid constraint of the traditional fixed counterweight and achieving dynamic optimization of the moment balance.

[0047] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent replacement or transformation of the present application by those skilled in the art based on the present application is within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A counterweight glide adjustment structure characterized by, Include: Counterweight plate (1), counterweight unit (2) and driving element, the counterweight unit (2) is slidingly installed on the counterweight plate (1), the driving element is installed on the counterweight plate (1) and is connected with the counterweight unit (2), and the driving element is used to drive the counterweight unit (2) to slide on the counterweight plate (1);The counterweight unit (2) includes a sliding element (21) and two struts (22), both sides of the sliding element (21) are formed with connecting parts (216), each connecting part (216) is connected with the strut (22) on one side;The bottom of the strut (22) is detachably connected with a counterweight seat (3). The sliding element (21) includes a sliding frame (211), an annular block (212) and two sliding rods (213), the annular block (212) is provided with an annular frame slot (214) penetrating through both ends, and the both sides of the annular frame slot (214) are fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding rod (213) in the first direction, and the two sliding rods (213) are fixedly connected with the sliding frame (211). The counterweight plate (1) is fixedly provided with two supporting blocks (215), and the two sliding rods (213) are correspondingly slidingly connected on the two supporting blocks (215).

2. The counterweight slip adjusting structure according to claim 1, characterized by: The driving element includes a motor fixedly arranged on the bottom of the counterweight plate (1), the output shaft of the motor penetrates the counterweight plate (1) and is coaxially connected with a rotating disc (41), the rotating disc (41) is eccentrically connected with a driving column (42), and the driving column (42) extends into the annular frame slot (214) and is used to drive the sliding rod (213) and the sliding frame (211) to move.

3. The counterweight slip adjuster structure according to claim 2, characterized by: One end of the connecting part (216) is connected with the sliding frame (211), and the other end of the connecting part (216) is fixedly connected with the strut (22).

4. The counterweight slip adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized by: Further including a mounting bracket (5), along the second direction, the mounting bracket (5) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the counterweight plate (1), the mounting bracket (5) is provided with a through slot (51), and the connecting part (216) penetrates the through slot (51) and is connected with the strut (22); 5. The counterweight slip adjustment structure according to claim 4, characterized by: Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

6. The counterweight slip adjustment structure according to claim 5, characterized by: The mounting bracket (5) is fixedly provided with a mounting seat (6), and the mounting seat (6) is rotatably connected with a first rod body (7); The strut (22) is provided with a sliding groove (221), the top of the sliding groove (221) is provided with a limit switch (222), the sliding groove (221) is slidingly connected with a sliding block (223), the sliding block (223) is hinged with the first rod body (7), and the counterweight seat (3) is installed on the bottom of the strut (22).

7. The counterweight slip adjustment structure according to claim 6, characterized by: Further including two telescopic seats (8), along the first direction, the two telescopic seats (8) are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the counterweight plate (1); The telescopic seat (8) includes a seat body (81) fixed on the counterweight plate (1) and a cylinder body (82) fixed on the seat body (81), the cylinder body (82) is slidingly connected with a piston rod (83), and the piston rod (83) is connected with the sliding frame (211).

8. The counterweight slip adjustment structure according to claim 7, characterized by: ​ ​ 9. A crane, characterized by: The crane comprises a base (91), a console (92) mounted on the base (91), and a lifting arm (93) mounted on one side of the console (92); and further comprises the counterweight sliding adjusting structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is mounted on the side of the console (92) away from the lifting arm (93).

10. The crane of claim 9, characterized in that: The console (92) comprises a pedestal (921), a support seat (922), a support frame (923), and a counterweight (924), the support seat (922) is fixedly mounted on the pedestal (921), the support frame (923) is hingedly connected at a middle position thereof to the support seat (922), and the counterweight (924) is fixedly mounted at an end of the support frame (923).

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