Salinized soil on-site penetration test device
By designing a field permeability test device for saline soil, the problem of data distortion caused by soil sample disturbance was solved, realizing a low-cost and efficient permeability test for saline soil and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520392211.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for indoor permeability testing of saline soils suffer from data distortion due to soil sample disturbance, and outdoor permeability testing is costly, rare, and lacks standardized procedures.
Design a field permeability test device for saline soil, including a water supply tank, connecting pipelines, sampling pipes, a leak-proof device and a measuring cup. Use seamless steel pipes or plastic pipes for sampling, and set up a water filter and thermometer to prevent soil sample disturbance and reduce test costs.
It enables low-cost and simple-to-operate field permeability testing of saline soil, reduces soil sample disturbance, ensures the integrity and reliability of test results, and minimizes errors.
Smart Images
Figure CN223883419U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of saline soil field permeation test devices, especially saline soil field permeation test device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The test method of soil permeability is mainly indoor permeation test and outdoor permeation test. The indoor permeation test mainly includes constant head method and variable head method. The constant head permeation test is suitable for coarse-grained soil, and the variable head permeation test is suitable for fine-grained soil. The outdoor test mainly includes pumping test method, water injection test method, test pit single ring water permeation method, test pit double ring water permeation method, etc.
[0003] The application of outdoor permeation test in saline soil is not much, and the research on outdoor permeation test of plateau saline soil is even less. Lin Qinghua, Lei Huayang, etc. refer to the permeation test of coastal saline field, and adopt the method and experience of building saline field water permeation test to do in-situ water injection permeation test in Zhabuye Salt Lake saline soil area in Tibet, including borehole permeation test and in-situ permeation test.
[0004] The indoor test has important significance in the study of saline soil, but the structure and properties of the soil sample may change due to disturbance during transportation, which makes the test results inconsistent with the actual situation. In addition, there are relatively few experiences of in-situ test of saline soil, and there is no unified regulation for outdoor permeation test of saline soil in China at present. Although the application of outdoor permeation test in saline soil can more truly reflect the field conditions, its application is not much, mainly because of high cost, and the research on outdoor permeation test of plateau saline soil is even less.
[0005] In view of the above problems, it is particularly necessary to design a simple and easy-to-operate saline soil field test device in combination with the experience and technical basis of indoor test. The saline soil field test device can directly test on site, avoid disturbance of soil sample during transportation, reduce test cost, and improve the reliability of test results. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a saline soil field permeation test device, which has simple operation process, low test cost, can overcome the data distortion caused by soil sample disturbance in indoor permeation test, minimize the influence of external environment on saline soil sample, and ensure the undisturbed state of soil sample.
[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:
[0008] A saline soil field permeation test device, comprising a water supply tank, a connecting pipeline, a sampling pipe, a water leakage prevention device and a measuring cup.
[0009] The connecting pipeline comprises a first hose connected with the water supply tank, a water pipe connected with the first hose, a second hose connected with an outlet of the water pipe, and an elbow connected with the second hose; the water pipe is vertically arranged, a tee joint is vertically arranged at an upper end of the water pipe, a horizontal inlet of the tee joint is connected with the first hose through a branch, and a lower outlet of the tee joint is connected with the water pipe; an overflow hole is arranged at a side of the tee joint opposite to the horizontal inlet.
[0010] The sampling pipe is arranged through the undisturbed soil, and a water filter is arranged inside both ends of the sampling pipe; a water leakage prevention device is arranged at an outlet of the sampling pipe, a water outlet hole is arranged in a side wall of the water leakage prevention device, an outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet hole, and a measuring cup is arranged below the outlet pipe.
[0011] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: copper mesh and a valve are arranged on the branch.
[0012] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: a first thermometer is arranged at the upper outlet of the tee joint.
[0013] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: a support is arranged outside the water pipe.
[0014] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: a second thermometer is arranged inside the water leakage prevention device.
[0015] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: the length of the sampling pipe ranges from 200 to 300 mm, and the inner diameter ranges from 80 to 120 mm.
[0016] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: the sampling pipe is a seamless steel pipe, and a water stop ring is arranged at an end of the seamless steel pipe; the water stop ring comprises a ring body and an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged at an outer ring and an inner ring of the ring body respectively; the inner wall diameter of the outer cylinder is the same as the outer wall diameter of the seamless steel pipe, a first waterproof layer is arranged on the inner side of an outer edge of a port of the inner cylinder.
[0017] The further improvement of the technical scheme of the utility model lies in that: the sampling pipe is a plastic pipe, and the plastic pipe is split type, comprising two half-circular plastic pipe pieces, the half-circular plastic pipe pieces are fastened through bolts and nuts on two sides, and a second waterproof layer is arranged between contact surfaces of the half-circular plastic pipe pieces.
[0018] Thanks to the above technical scheme, the utility model has the following technical progress:
[0019] 1. The saline soil field permeation test device in the utility model has simple operation process and low test cost, can overcome data distortion caused by soil sample disturbance in indoor permeation test, and can reduce the influence of the outside world on the saline soil sample to the greatest extent and ensure the undisturbed nature of the soil sample.
[0020] 2. Compared with other large-scale field permeability testing methods, the saline soil field permeability testing device of this utility model has smaller errors and is more cost-effective. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the field permeability test device for saline soil in this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seamless steel pipe in this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plastic tube in this utility model;
[0024] Among them, 1. Water supply tank, 2. Connecting pipe, 21. First flexible hose, 22. Water pipe, 23. Second flexible hose, 24. Elbow, 25. First thermometer, 26. Overflow hole, 27. Bracket, 3. Sampling tube, 31. Filter screen, 4. Leak-proof device, 41. Second thermometer, 42. Water outlet pipe, 5. Measuring cup, 6. Original soil, 7. Seamless steel pipe, 71. Water-stop ring, 72. First waterproof layer, 8. Plastic pipe, 81. Semi-circular plastic pipe sheet, 82. Second waterproof layer, 83. Bolt, 84. Nut. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a field permeability test device for saline soil includes a water supply tank 1, a connecting pipe 2, a sampling pipe 3, a leak-proof device 4, and a measuring cup 5.
[0029] The connecting pipeline 2 comprises a first hose 21 connected with the water supply tank 1, a water pipe 22 connected with the first hose 21, a second hose 23 connected with the outlet of the water pipe 22, and an elbow 24 connected with the second hose 23; the water pipe 22 is vertically arranged, a tee joint is vertically arranged at the upper end of the water pipe 22, a horizontal inlet of the tee joint is connected with the first hose 21 through a branch, a copper mesh and a valve are arranged on the branch, a first thermometer 25 is arranged at the upper end outlet of the tee joint, and the lower end outlet of the tee joint is connected with the water pipe 22; an overflow hole 26 is arranged at the opposite side of the horizontal inlet of the tee joint; a support 27 is arranged outside the water pipe 22;
[0030] The sampling pipe 3 is arranged through the undisturbed soil 6, and a water filtering mesh 31 is arranged inside both ends of the sampling pipe 3 which protrude out of the undisturbed soil 6; a water leakage prevention device 4 is arranged at the outlet of the sampling pipe 3, a second thermometer 41 is arranged inside the water leakage prevention device 4, a water outlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the water leakage prevention device 4, the water outlet hole is connected with a water outlet pipe 42, and a measuring cup 5 is arranged below the water outlet pipe 42.
[0031] Embodiment 1
[0032] A square pit with a width of 200-1500 mm and a depth greater than 1200 mm is opened at the undisturbed soil 6 to be detected, and a pebble cushion layer with a thickness of 200 mm is laid at the bottom of the square pit; the sampling pipe enters the undisturbed soil 6 from the side of the square pit and protrudes out of the undisturbed soil 6 from the other side.
[0033] Embodiment 2
[0034] The sampling pipe 3 is a seamless steel pipe 7, and a water stop ring 71 is arranged at the end of the seamless steel pipe 7; the water stop ring 71 comprises a ring body and an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged at the outer circle and the inner circle of the ring body respectively; the inner wall diameter of the outer cylinder is the same as the outer wall diameter of the seamless steel pipe 7, and a first waterproof layer 72 is arranged on the inner side of a ring-shaped outer edge arranged at the port of the inner cylinder.
[0035] As shown in Figure 2 Since water may flow out from the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe 7, the water stop ring 71 is arranged at the end of the seamless steel pipe 7 to prevent water from flowing out from the inner wall. The radius of the outer cylinder of the water stop ring 71 is R, and the radius of the inner cylinder is r.
[0036] Embodiment 3
[0037] The sampling pipe 3 is a plastic pipe 8, and the plastic pipe 8 is split type, comprising two half-circular plastic pipe pieces 81, the half-circular plastic pipe pieces 81 are fastened by bolts 83 and nuts 84 on both sides, and a second waterproof layer 82 is arranged between the contact surfaces of the half-circular plastic pipe pieces 81.
[0038] First, the undisturbed soil 6 is taken out and sealed with a plastic film. Two half-circular plastic pipe pieces 8 are taken out instead of the seamless steel pipe 7, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the diameter of the two semicircular plastic tube pieces 81 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the soil sample, and the soil sample is placed in the two semicircular plastic tube pieces 81, and the soil sample and the tube wall are fastened by screwing the bolts 83, so that a certain fastening force is formed between the soil sample and the tube wall, which can also prevent water from seeping from the tube wall.
[0039] Preparation step: determination of the density and salt content of brine, and determination of the density and salt content of the test water.
[0040] According to the test design, the density and salt content of the test water need to be determined. The permeation water of this test is taken from the brine precipitated in the abandoned cooling tower pit. The test data of the determination of the density and salt content of the brine are shown in the brine natural density table and the brine salt content calculation table:
[0041] Table 1
[0042]
[0043] Table 2
[0044]
[0045]
[0046] Auxiliary step: test area covering, preventing water loss.
[0047] Test step:
[0048] S1, take the test brine and pour it into the water supply tank 1, open the valve, adjust the first hose 21 to control the water head H, observe the water outlet hole water outlet time and record, after the water outlet is stable, continuously observe for not less than 3 hours, each reading time interval is one hour, obtain the test data and record.
[0049] S2, change the test water head difference, adjust the amplitude to about 0.5m, observe for not less than 3 hours after the water outlet is stable, and record the test data.
[0050] S3, repeat S2 to record the test data.
[0051] S4, select different lengths of seamless steel pipes 7 and soil sample lengths, repeat the above steps, and record the test data.
[0052] Test soil sample properties: The test soil sample is a uniform soil interlayer between 1.05m and 1.20m below the ground surface. Salt crust and transparent crystalline salt blocks formed by surface evaporation exist in the upper and lower soil layers. The test soil sample is brownish yellow, slightly dense, and slightly wet. According to the comprehensive geological column table, the soil is an unsaturated silt. Due to limited test conditions, the natural moisture content and void ratio of the soil are not determined. According to the report on the compaction test, the maximum dry density of the soil layer is about 1.85 g / cm3, and the optimum moisture content is about 14.1-17.0%; according to Chen Weitao's research on the properties of saline soil in Golmud region, the natural moisture content of the soil in this region is about 8.3%.
[0053] In this test, seamless steel pipes 7 with lengths of 1500mm, 500mm, 400mm, 300mm, and 200mm and an inner diameter of 104mm are horizontally inserted into the soil layer to sample. It is found that the saline soil can only enter the seamless steel pipe 7 by about 300-350mm, so the 1500mm, 500mm, and 400mm steel pipes cannot take full soil samples, and the soil samples taken can see that the soil samples at the soil entering end are compacted and are no longer in situ soil 6. The soil samples taken by the 300mm and 200mm seamless steel pipes 7 do not have the situation of soil compaction, so only the soil samples taken by the 300mm and 200mm seamless steel pipes 7 are used for permeation tests.
[0054] The calculation results are shown in the following permeability coefficient test and result calculation table:
[0055] Table 3
[0056]
[0057] From the above results, the permeability coefficient is between 2x10 -6 cm / s and 1.23x10 -5 cm / s, i.e. the permeability of the saline soil in this region is poor.
[0058] Test points to note include:
[0059] (1) Each test point has at least 3 constant water head permeation tests, and different water head differences are compared;
[0060] (2) The water head difference is visible, continuous, and permeable, and is as small as possible;
[0061] (3) The water head difference adjustment range for the comparative test is 0.5m based on the first test;
[0062] (4) The test area is covered to prevent water loss;
[0063] (5) Each test is tested for not less than 3 hours after the water level is stable.
[0064] In summary, the utility model operation process is simple, test cost is lower, can overcome the data distortion of indoor permeation test because of the soil sample disturbance, reduces the influence of outside world to the saline soil soil sample to the greatest extent, guarantees the original state of soil sample.
Claims
1. A field permeability testing device for saline soil, characterized in that: It comprises a water supply tank (1), a connecting pipeline (2), a sampling pipe (3), a water leakage prevention device (4) and a measuring cup (5). The connecting pipeline (2) comprises a first hose (21) connected with the water supply tank (1), a water pipe (22) connected with the first hose (21), a second hose (23) connected with the outlet of the water pipe (22) and an elbow (24) connected with the second hose (23); the water pipe (22) is vertically arranged, a tee joint is vertically arranged at the upper end of the water pipe (22), the horizontal inlet of the tee joint is connected with the first hose (21) through a branch, and the lower outlet of the tee joint is connected with the water pipe (22); an overflow hole (26) is arranged at the side opposite to the horizontal inlet of the tee joint; The sampling pipe (3) is arranged through the undisturbed soil (6), and a water filter (31) is arranged inside the sampling pipe (3) at both ends; the water leakage prevention device (4) is arranged at the outlet of the sampling pipe (3), the side wall of the water leakage prevention device (4) is provided with a water outlet hole, the water outlet hole is connected with a water outlet pipe (42), and the water outlet pipe (42) is provided with a measuring cup (5) below.
2. The saline soil in-situ permeability test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: A copper mesh and a valve are arranged on the branch.
3. The saline soil in-situ permeability test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: A first thermometer (25) is arranged at the upper outlet of the tee joint.
4. The saline soil in-situ permeability test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: A support (27) is arranged outside the water pipe (22).
5. The saline soil in-situ permeability test apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: A second thermometer (41) is arranged inside the water leakage prevention device (4).
6. The saline soil in-situ permeation test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The length of the sampling pipe (3) ranges from 200 mm to 300 mm, and the inner diameter ranges from 80 mm to 120 mm.
7. The saline soil in-situ permeability test apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The sampling pipe (3) is a seamless steel pipe (7), and a water stop ring (71) is arranged at the end of the seamless steel pipe (7); the water stop ring (71) comprises a ring body and an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged at the outer circle and the inner circle of the ring body respectively; the inner wall diameter of the outer cylinder is the same as the outer wall diameter of the seamless steel pipe (7), and a first waterproof layer (72) is arranged on the inner side of the outer edge of the inner cylinder.
8. The saline soil in-situ permeation test apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by: The sampling pipe (3) is a plastic pipe (8), and the plastic pipe (8) is split type, comprising two half-circular plastic pipe pieces (81), the half-circular plastic pipe pieces (81) are fastened by bolts (83) and nuts (84) on both sides, and a second waterproof layer (82) is arranged between the contact surfaces of the half-circular plastic pipe pieces (8).