Forging hammer surface structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a forging and pressing hammerhead surface structure. An axial multi-stage forging and pressing structure for forging and pressing the surface of a workpiece is arranged on the forging and pressing face of each forging and pressing hammerhead in the moving axial direction of the workpiece, and a circumferential multi-stage forging and pressing structure for forging and pressing the surface of the workpiece is further arranged on the forging and pressing face in the rotating circumferential direction of the workpiece. The forging and pressing hammerhead can be attached to a step surface formed in the forging and pressing process of a workpiece through an axial multi-stage forging and pressing structure, so that the forging and pressing hammerhead can be flatly attached and contacted with the surface of the forged and pressed workpiece and the surface of a non-forged and pressed workpiece, and the contact stability of the forging and pressing hammerhead and the surface of the workpiece is improved; similarly, a circumferential forging and pressing step surface is formed on the surface of the workpiece through the circumferential multi-stage forging and pressing structure and then can be in flat contact with the workpiece, so that the axial multi-stage forging and pressing structure can be stably in contact with the surface of the workpiece in the process that the whole workpiece is forged and pressed to generate the step forging and pressing surface, and the forging and pressing hammer head is effectively protected; meanwhile, the forging quality of the workpiece surface is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of forging technology for shaft workpieces, and in particular to a surface structure of a forging hammerhead. Background Technology

[0002] Forging methods for shaft-type workpieces mainly include free forging, die forging, and extrusion. These methods involve applying pressure to metal materials using forging machinery, causing plastic deformation to obtain shaft-type workpieces of the desired shape and size. Free forging uses simple, general-purpose tools or applies external force directly to the billet between the upper and lower anvils of forging equipment, causing the billet to deform and obtain the desired geometry and internal quality. It is suitable for small-batch production or the initial forming of large workpieces. Due to its flexibility, it is currently widely used in the forging operations of shaft-type workpieces.

[0003] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 As shown, this is a free forging machine for forging shaft-type workpieces. It has multiple forging hammers spaced circumferentially, which are radially reciprocating on a base. The shaft-type workpiece to be forged is clamped at its tail end and inserted between the multiple forging hammers. Utilizing the reciprocating force of the forging hammers, the workpiece undergoes a forging operation that reduces its diameter by external force. Simultaneously, the workpiece moves circumferentially and rotates spirally, thus completing the forging operation on the entire circumference of the workpiece in a single forging process.

[0004] like Figure 2 As shown, because the ratio of the hammer's axial width to the workpiece's axial length is relatively large, the workpiece surface undergoes successive diameter reduction deformation during axial movement. During continuous axial forging, the hammer needs to simultaneously contact both the forged and unforged portions of the workpiece surface. Therefore, the unforged portion acts on one side of the hammer after contact, while the forged workpiece surface detaches from the hammer surface. This portion does not provide contact support for the hammer, leading to unstable contact between the hammer and the workpiece surface. Under a large hammer force, the stepped surface of the forged workpiece will drive the hammer to deflect to one side, as... Figure 4 As shown, frequent forging forces can reduce the tightness of the hammerhead assembly, and uneven force can cause the hammerhead to break too quickly, affecting the forging quality of the workpiece surface. Similarly, during the forging process, the workpiece also rotates spirally in the circumferential direction, and the circumferential surface of the workpiece undergoes a step-like deformation process, meaning that the surface of the hammerhead cannot completely conform to the circumferential surface of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application aims to provide a surface structure for a forging hammer head that improves the stability of the contact between the forging hammer head and the workpiece surface, thereby solving the problem of unstable contact between the forging hammer head and the workpiece surface during the forging process, which easily leads to damage and affects the forging quality of the workpiece surface.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a forging hammer head surface structure, wherein the forging hammer heads are arranged on the base at circumferential intervals, and each forging hammer head reciprocates radially relative to the base, characterized in that: each forging hammer head has an axial multi-stage forging structure for forging the workpiece surface on its forging surface along the workpiece movement axis, and a circumferential multi-stage forging structure for forging the workpiece surface is also provided on the forging surface along the workpiece rotation circumferential direction.

[0007] Preferably, the axial multi-stage forging structure comprises multiple graded forging surfaces with radial height differences on the forging surface along the workpiece axial direction.

[0008] Preferably, the adjacent graded forging surfaces are configured as arc transition surfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the circumferential multi-stage forging structure is a structure in which each stage forging surface is set as a gradually changing arc surface along the circumference of the workpiece.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this application are: the forging hammer head, through its axial multi-stage forging structure, can fit against the stepped surface formed during the forging process of the workpiece, so that the forging hammer head can make flat contact with both the forged and unforged workpiece surfaces, thereby improving the stability of the contact between the forging hammer head and the workpiece surface, solving the problem of unstable contact between the forging hammer head and the workpiece surface during the forging process, which easily causes damage, and the impact on the forging quality of the workpiece surface.

[0011] Similarly, the circumferential forging step surface formed on the workpiece surface by the circumferential multi-stage forging structure can make flat contact with the workpiece. Thus, combined with the above-mentioned axial multi-stage forging structure, it can make stable contact with the workpiece surface during the entire forging process to create the stepped forging surface, thereby effectively protecting the forging hammer and improving the forging quality of the workpiece surface. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a free forging machine with multiple forging hammers.

[0013] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the axial forging process of the hammer head on the surface of the workpiece.

[0014] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the forging deformation process on the surface of a workpiece.

[0015] Figure 4 The illustration shows the tilting of the forging hammer head caused by forging steps on the surface of the workpiece.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the forging contact between the forging hammer head with multiple forging surfaces and the workpiece surface.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the forging process of the forging hammer head on the workpiece surface in this application.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the spiral movement of the workpiece during the forging process of the workpiece in this application.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating the forging deformation of the workpiece circumference by a current forging hammer.

[0020] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the contact between the forging hammer head of this application and the workpiece circumferential surface during forging deformation.

[0021] In the figure: 3 - Shaft-type workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] See attached document Figures 1-9 The forging hammer head surface structure shown has forging hammer heads 1 arranged on a base 2 at circumferential intervals, and each forging hammer head 1 reciprocates radially relative to the base 2, driving the workpiece to move axially while rotating circumferentially. Multiple forging hammer heads 1 apply force to the workpiece surface to realize the forging and diameter reduction operation of the workpiece.

[0024] To address the issue of forging step surfaces resulting from continuous forging deformation of the workpiece surface during the forging process, which negatively impact the forging stability of the hammerhead, such as... Figure 5 As shown, this application provides an axial multi-stage forging structure for forging the workpiece surface on the forging surface a of each forging hammer 1 along the workpiece movement axis. This axial multi-stage forging structure can fit against the step surface formed during the workpiece forging process, so that the forging hammer 1 can make flat contact with both the forged and unforged workpiece surfaces, improving the stability of the contact between the forging hammer and the workpiece surface, solving the problem of unstable contact between the forging hammer 1 and the workpiece surface during the forging process, which easily causes damage, and the impact on the forging quality of the workpiece surface.

[0025] Similarly, as Figure 9 As shown, a circumferential multi-stage forging structure is also provided on the forging surface a, which is arranged circumferentially along the workpiece rotation direction to forge the workpiece surface. Similarly, after forming a circumferential forging step surface on the workpiece surface, it can make flat contact with the workpiece. Therefore, combined with the aforementioned axial multi-stage forging structure, it can smoothly contact the workpiece surface during the entire forging process to create the stepped forging surface, thus effectively protecting the forging hammer 1 and improving the forging quality of the workpiece surface.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, the axial multi-stage forging structure consists of multiple graded forging surfaces a1 with radial height differences on the forging surface a along the workpiece axial direction. Figure 6 As shown, after the forging step surface is formed on the workpiece surface along the axial direction, the multiple (preferably two) graded forging surfaces a1 of the forging hammer 1 are sequentially attached to the forged workpiece surface and the unforged workpiece surface, thereby increasing the contact area after the forging hammer 1 contacts the workpiece, thereby improving the stability of the forging hammer when applying forging pressure, avoiding the deflection of the forging hammer 1, and improving the forging quality (such as surface flatness) of the workpiece surface.

[0027] Because the workpiece experiences different forces at different locations during the forging process through the multiple graded forging surfaces a1, there is a deformation transition at the junction of different force-bearing surfaces. Therefore, in order for the forging surface to better conform to the deformation structure of the workpiece surface, such as... Figure 5 As shown, an arc transition surface a2 is set between adjacent graded forging surfaces a1. This arc transition surface a2 can fit against the surfaces of adjacent pressed and unpressed workpieces, thereby enabling better forging and smooth transition at the junction of the workpieces and improving the flatness of the workpiece surface.

[0028] like Figure 8 As shown, during the circumferential spiral forging process, to avoid interference caused by the contact between adjacent forging hammers 1 after they move towards the center, a gap is left between adjacent forging hammers 1. After one forging, the dotted line of the workpiece in the figure represents the forging position, while the position between the dotted lines is the unforged position. When the workpiece rotates circumferentially, the unforged position is forged again. Therefore, there is still a transition between forged and unforged in the circumferential direction of the workpiece. Therefore, in order to make the forging hammer 1 able to make flat contact with the workpiece surface in the circumferential direction, the circumferential multi-stage forging structure is to set each graded forging surface a1 as a gradually changing arc surface structure (as shown by a3 in the figure) along the circumferential direction of the workpiece. The radial depth of the gradually changing arc surface a3 gradually increases along the arc length direction. Therefore, during the contact with the workpiece circumferential surface, it can relatively and simultaneously contact the forged and unforged positions on the workpiece circumferential surface, thereby making the forging hammer 1 stably contact the workpiece surface in the circumferential direction at the same time as the aforementioned graded forging surface a1.

[0029] The principle of this application is as follows: During the forging process of shaft-type workpieces, the tail end of the workpiece is clamped, and then the workpiece is driven to move axially between the forging hammers 1. Then, the forging hammers 1 move radially back and forth, and after contacting the workpiece surface, they intermittently apply forging pressure to the workpiece, while driving the workpiece to rotate circumferentially. During the forging process, multiple graded forging surfaces a1 can make the forging hammers 1 fit against the axial surfaces of the workpiece that have been forged and those that have not been forged; at the same time, the gradually changing arc surface a3 can fit against the circumferentially forged and unforged surfaces of the workpiece, thereby improving the stability of the contact between the forging hammers 1 and the workpiece during the forging process, effectively protecting the forging hammers 1, and improving the forging quality of the workpiece surface.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Various changes and modifications may be made to this application without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surface structure for a forging hammer head, wherein forging hammer heads (1) are arranged at circumferential intervals on a base (2), and each forging hammer head (1) reciprocates radially relative to the base (2), characterized in that: Each of the forging hammers (1) has an axial multi-stage forging structure for forging the workpiece surface on its forging surface (a) along the workpiece moving axis, and a circumferential multi-stage forging structure for forging the workpiece surface is also provided on the forging surface (a) along the workpiece rotation circumferential direction.

2. The surface structure of the forging hammerhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial multi-stage forging structure consists of multiple graded forging surfaces (a1) with radial height differences set on the forging surface (a) along the workpiece axial direction.

3. The surface structure of the forging hammerhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjacent graded forging surfaces (a1) are configured with a circular arc transition surface (a2).

4. The surface structure of the forging hammer head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circumferential multi-stage forging structure is a structure in which each stage forging surface (a1) is set as a gradually changing arc surface along the circumference of the workpiece.

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