Downward-hung counter weight type anti-floating structure combined with bamboo reinforced concrete replacing and filling cushion layer
By using a hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure with bamboo mesh and vertical reinforcing bars interlaced in the concrete replacement layer, the complex construction and high cost caused by the independent design of foundation reinforcement and anti-buoyancy in the existing technology are solved, and an efficient and economical overall design is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520168967.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the concrete replacement cushion method and the bamboo reinforced concrete cushion method are designed independently, resulting in complex construction processes, long cycles and high costs, and failing to effectively combine foundation reinforcement and underground structure anti-buoyancy design.
A hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure combining bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion layer is adopted. Bamboo mesh is laid in an alternating manner in the concrete replacement cushion layer and connected with vertical reinforcing bars and bottom slab reinforcement to form an integral structure. The flexibility and tensile strength of bamboo reinforcement are used to improve the anti-buoyancy capacity of the foundation and reduce the thickness of the soil cover and the self-weight of the structure.
It achieves an integrated design of foundation reinforcement and underground structure anti-buoyancy, simplifies construction process, reduces project cost, improves anti-buoyancy bearing capacity, reduces the amount of concrete and steel reinforcement, and shortens the construction period.
Smart Images
Figure CN223893416U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure that combines a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement pad layer. Background Technology
[0002] In current engineering applications, foundation treatment is often carried out using concrete replacement cushion layer or bamboo-reinforced concrete cushion layer.
[0003] I. Concrete Replacement Subbase Method
[0004] Replacement layers are typically suitable for foundation treatment in shallow, weak, or uneven soil layers, with a replacement thickness generally not exceeding 3 meters. The material and thickness of the replacement layer should be determined comprehensively based on factors such as the superstructure load, foundation depth, and the mechanical properties of the underlying soil. In engineering applications, graded sand and gravel replacement layers or concrete replacement layers are commonly used.
[0005] The concrete replacement subbase method involves excavating a certain area of soft soil below the natural foundation surface and then replacing it with plain concrete, crushed stone concrete, or rubble concrete to form a high-strength and durable artificially reinforced foundation. The concrete replacement subbase method has a relatively simple construction process and a short construction period, but the cost of the replacement materials is relatively high.
[0006] Concrete replacement subbase is a rigid subbase with high compressive strength and low compressive deformation, but weak ability to coordinate deformation. If the soil at the bottom of the subbase is uneven in hardness, the resulting local differential settlement may adversely affect the foundation, and in severe cases, may damage the superstructure.
[0007] II. Bamboo-reinforced concrete subbase
[0008] A reinforced subbase is a subbase in which geosynthetic materials are placed. The geosynthetic materials used in the replacement subbase mainly serve a reinforcing function to improve the tensile and shear strength of the foundation soil, prevent the subbase from being tensile-induced to shear-induced torsion, maintain the integrity of the subbase, improve the flexural stiffness of the subbase, adjust uneven deformation of the foundation, increase the stability of the foundation, and improve the bearing capacity of the foundation.
[0009] Bamboo reinforcement, using bamboo strips as "steel bars," is a material used to reinforce concrete subfloors. The bamboo strips are tied together before concrete is poured, forming a bamboo-reinforced concrete subfloor. Bamboo has good flexibility and high tensile strength; adding bamboo reinforcement to concrete improves its integrity, compressive strength, crack resistance, bending resistance, and deformation tolerance. The construction process for bamboo-reinforced concrete subfloors is relatively simple, efficient, and cost-effective. Bamboo-reinforced concrete subfloors are widely used in building and road surfaces.
[0010] III. Counterweight Anti-buoyancy Method
[0011] The counterweight method is a common anti-buoyancy measure in engineering, which resists buoyancy by increasing the self-weight of the structure above the bottom elevation of the underground structural slab and adding additional counterweights. Specific implementation methods include: increasing the self-weight of the foundation and main structure, increasing the thickness of the soil cover on the top or bottom slab, increasing the cantilever length of the bottom slab, or increasing the unit weight of the backfill material. The counterweight method is simple and convenient to construct, and the effect of the counterweight is obvious, requiring no testing. However, the increased weight of the soil cover and the self-weight of the structure increase the amount of concrete and steel reinforcement used in the engineering structure, resulting in higher project costs.
[0012] IV. Anchoring Anti-buoyancy Method
[0013] Anchoring for buoyancy involves installing anti-buoyancy anchors or piles. When the ballast method fails to meet buoyancy requirements, anti-buoyancy anchors or piles are typically used. The construction of anchors or piles requires specialized machinery, and the pull-out resistance provided by these anchors and piles must be tested before and after construction. The construction process is complex, time-consuming, and costly. Furthermore, the pile-side friction provided by soft soil foundations is limited, thus limiting the buoyancy resistance provided by anchors or piles.
[0014] Currently, in engineering applications, the reinforcement of concrete replacement subgrade foundations and the anti-buoyancy design of underground structures are usually designed as two separate unit projects, without forming an integrated whole. This results in complex construction processes, long construction periods, and high project costs. Utility Model Content
[0015] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure that combines bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion layer, which is not only structurally reasonable, but also effectively saves engineering costs.
[0016] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure combined with bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion layer, including a concrete replacement cushion layer and an underground structure base slab arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Bamboo mesh is laid alternately at the bottom of the concrete replacement cushion layer. Vertically extending vertical reinforcing bars are tied at the intersection nodes of the bamboo mesh. The top of each vertical reinforcing bar passes through the concrete replacement cushion layer and is connected to the bottom reinforcement of the base slab at the bottom of the underground structure base slab. The vertical reinforcing bars are positioned by being tied with bamboo strips laterally.
[0017] Furthermore, the nodes between the lateral bamboo strips and the vertical reinforcing bars, between the vertical reinforcing bars and the bamboo mesh, and between the bamboo mesh are all connected and fixed with binding hemp rope.
[0018] Furthermore, the lateral bamboo strips are arranged in a crisscross pattern, and each set of lateral bamboo strips is connected to multiple sets of vertical reinforcing bars along its length.
[0019] Furthermore, the lateral bamboo strips are all connected to the middle position of the vertical reinforcing bars.
[0020] Furthermore, the bottom slab reinforcement bars are arranged in an interlaced manner to form a reinforcement mesh, and the tops of the vertical dowel bars are all connected to the bottom slab reinforcement bars at the intersection points by binding wires.
[0021] Furthermore, the concrete replacement layer contains a foundation concrete layer, through which bamboo mesh, vertical reinforcing bars, and lateral bamboo strips are connected, poured, and fixed. The underground structure base slab contains structural concrete.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. The reinforcement of the bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion foundation is considered as an integral part of the anti-buoyancy design of the underground structure. The concrete replacement cushion is used as a counterweight under the structural base slab (raft foundation) to improve the anti-buoyancy bearing capacity of the basement structure.
[0024] Second, adding bamboo reinforcement to the concrete subbase can improve the overall integrity, compressive strength, crack resistance, flexural strength, and deformation coordination of the concrete subbase. The construction process for bamboo-reinforced concrete is relatively simple, efficient, and uses low-cost bamboo materials.
[0025] 3. The bottom of the vertical reinforcing bars is fixed to the bottom bamboo mesh with binding rope, and the middle of the vertical reinforcing bars is fixed to the bamboo strips with binding rope to improve the lateral stability of the vertical reinforcing bars. During the pouring of the foundation concrete, the vertical reinforcing bars are less likely to deviate.
[0026] Fourth, the bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer is connected to the structural base slab via vertical reinforcing bars. The process is simple and convenient, and the effect of increasing counterweight is intuitive and reliable. No testing or inspection is required.
[0027] 5. Vertical reinforcement bars in concrete replacement sub-bases can improve the stiffness and overall performance of the concrete sub-base.
[0028] VI. Vertical reinforcing bars fixed to the base slab of the underground structure can improve the horizontal anti-slip capacity of the underground structure.
[0029] 7. By using the under-mounted anti-buoyancy measures, the soil cover thickness and structural weight of the underground structure can be reduced, which can reduce the amount of concrete and steel reinforcement used in the main structure and save costs.
[0030] 8. Simultaneously consider the reinforcement of weak soil foundations and the anti-buoyancy design and construction of underground structures to reduce construction processes, shorten the construction period, and save project costs.
[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection plane between the bamboo mesh and the vertical reinforcing bars in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection plane between the lateral bamboo strips and the vertical inserts in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bottom plate reinforcement and the vertical dowel bars in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the vertical reinforcing bars, the bottom slab reinforcement, the lateral bamboo strips, and the bamboo mesh.
[0037] In the diagram: 1-Underground structure base slab, 2-Base slab reinforcement, 3-Concrete replacement layer, 4-Vertical reinforcing bars, 5-Bamboo mesh, 6-Lateral bamboo strips, 7-Subgrade layer, 8-Binding wire, 9-Binding rope. Detailed Implementation
[0038] To make the above-mentioned features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for detailed explanation.
[0039] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a hanging counterweight anti-buoyancy structure combining bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion layer includes, from bottom to top, a cushion layer 7, a concrete replacement cushion layer 3, and an underground structure base slab 1. Bamboo mesh 5 is laid alternately at the bottom of the concrete replacement cushion layer. Vertically extending vertical reinforcing bars 4 are tied at the intersections of the bamboo mesh. The tops of the vertical reinforcing bars all penetrate the concrete replacement cushion layer and are connected to the bottom slab reinforcing bars 2 at the bottom of the underground structure base slab. The vertical reinforcing bars are tied and positioned by lateral bamboo strips 6. The cushion layer is the excavated surface base, which is generally a mixture of sand and gravel.
[0040] In this embodiment of the utility model, the nodes between the lateral bamboo strips and the vertical inserts, between the vertical inserts and the bamboo mesh, and between the bamboo mesh are all connected and fixed by binding hemp ropes 9.
[0041] In this embodiment of the utility model, the lateral bamboo strips are arranged in a crisscross pattern, and a single set of lateral bamboo strips is connected to multiple sets of vertical reinforcing bars along its length.
[0042] In this embodiment of the utility model, the lateral bamboo strips are all connected to the middle position of the vertical insert.
[0043] In this embodiment of the utility model, the bottom plate reinforcing bars are arranged in an alternating manner to form a reinforcing mesh, and the tops of the vertical reinforcing bars are all connected to the bottom plate reinforcing bars at the intersection nodes by binding steel wires 8.
[0044] In this embodiment of the utility model, the concrete replacement cushion layer is filled with cushion concrete, and the bamboo mesh, vertical reinforcing bars and lateral bamboo strips are connected and fixed by the cushion concrete. The underground structure base slab is filled with structural concrete.
[0045] Construction method of this utility model embodiment:
[0046] (1) Excavate the foundation trench and remove the soft or uneven soil layer within a certain range below the natural foundation surface;
[0047] (2) Use the underlayment as the base and level the base, then lay the bamboo mesh.
[0048] (3) The bottom of the vertical reinforcing bars is tied to the bamboo mesh, and vertical reinforcing bars are fixed at intervals on the bamboo mesh. The vertical reinforcing bars are tied to the lateral bamboo strips. If lateral stability is required, the middle of the vertical reinforcing bars can be tied to the lateral bamboo strips with binding rope. The top of the vertical reinforcing bars is higher than the concrete pad surface by a certain length;
[0049] (4) Pour and compact the foundation concrete;
[0050] (5) After the concrete of the foundation layer reaches a certain strength, lay the steel mesh for the underground structure slab;
[0051] (6) Vertical reinforcing bars are connected to the bottom slab reinforcement mesh;
[0052] (7) Pour the underground structure concrete.
[0053] In practice, the bamboo strips used for the bamboo mesh must be free from corrosion and aging.
[0054] In practice, the subbase layer should be flat, and bamboo mesh can be laid flat.
[0055] In practice, the underground structure foundation should preferably be a raft foundation.
[0056] In practice, the spacing of the bamboo mesh at the bottom of the concrete foundation is determined according to project requirements.
[0057] In practice, the vertical reinforcing bars can be ordinary threaded steel bars or other materials that can provide lateral friction.
[0058] In practice, the vertical reinforcing bars can be connected to the bottom bamboo mesh of the subbase or the side bamboo strips in the middle of the subbase by binding with hemp rope.
[0059] In practice, the vertical reinforcing bars can be connected to the reinforcing bars of the underground structure's bottom slab by binding with steel wire.
[0060] In practice, it is necessary to ensure the lateral stability of the vertical reinforcing bars and prevent them from shifting during concrete pouring.
[0061] In practice, the concrete foundation layer needs to be poured and compacted.
[0062] In practice, the number of vertical reinforcing bars can be determined based on project requirements.
[0063] In practice, vertical reinforcing bars can be evenly distributed or centrally arranged according to project needs.
[0064] This utility model is not limited to the preferred embodiment described above. Anyone can derive other various forms of the under-mounted counterweight anti-buoyancy structure combining bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement pads based on the teachings of this utility model. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this utility model shall fall within the scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A suspended counterweight anti-buoyancy structure combining bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement cushion layer, characterized in that: The structure includes a concrete replacement cushion layer and an underground structural base slab arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Bamboo mesh is laid alternately at the bottom of the concrete replacement cushion layer. Vertical reinforcing bars are tied at the intersections of the bamboo mesh. The tops of the vertical reinforcing bars all penetrate the concrete replacement cushion layer and are connected to the bottom reinforcement bars of the underground structural base slab at the penetration points. The vertical reinforcing bars are positioned by being tied together with lateral bamboo strips.
2. The anti-buoyancy structure with a hanging counterweight combined with a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The nodes between the lateral bamboo strips and the vertical reinforcing bars, between the vertical reinforcing bars and the bamboo mesh, and between the bamboo mesh are all connected and fixed with binding hemp rope.
3. The anti-buoyancy structure with a hanging counterweight combined with a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral bamboo strips are arranged in a crisscross pattern, and each set of lateral bamboo strips is connected to multiple sets of vertical reinforcing bars along its length.
4. The anti-buoyancy structure with a hanging counterweight combined with a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lateral bamboo strips are all connected to the middle of the vertical reinforcing bars.
5. The anti-buoyancy structure with a hanging counterweight combined with a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom slab reinforcement bars are arranged in an alternating pattern to form a reinforcement mesh, and the tops of the vertical dowel bars are connected to the bottom slab reinforcement bars at the intersection points by binding wires.
6. The anti-buoyancy structure with a hanging counterweight combined with a bamboo-reinforced concrete replacement layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete replacement cushion layer is filled with cushion concrete, and the underground structure base slab is filled with structural concrete.