Wind shield for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a wind shield for tunnel construction, which comprises a plate body and a plurality of air duct holes arranged on the plate body, a plurality of ventilation parts are arranged on the plate body by avoiding the air duct hole array, one side of the plate body deviating from a tunnel face is connected with one-way ventilation parts, the number of the one-way ventilation parts is equal to that of the ventilation parts, and the one-way ventilation parts are in one-to-one correspondence with the ventilation parts. The top of the one-way ventilation piece is rotationally connected with the plate body, and the one-way ventilation piece is in the state of shielding the ventilation part when not subjected to external force. The wind-shield wall solves the problems that when wind-shield walls are arranged in two ventilation stages in the construction of the extra-long tunnel, the construction period of the tunnel is affected by an existing brick wind-shield wall, and the stability of the existing wind-shield wall is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a windbreak for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Ventilation methods in tunnel construction mainly include mechanical ventilation, tunnel ventilation, and air wall ventilation. Mechanical ventilation uses mechanical equipment to send fresh air into the tunnel while expelling stale air. Tunnel ventilation is suitable for extra-long tunnels with parallel pilot tunnels. The airflow circulation system is formed by the connecting passage between the parallel pilot tunnel and the main tunnel. Stale air is extracted from the parallel pilot tunnel, and fresh air enters from the main tunnel, forming a circulating airflow. Air wall ventilation is used when the tunnel is long and there are no parallel pilot tunnels. In this case, air ducts are created at appropriate locations in the tunnel using bricks and wooden boards to reduce the length of the ducts, increase the airflow, and meet the ventilation requirements.

[0003] For the construction of extra-long tunnels in certain special geographical locations, due to special construction restrictions, it is impossible to construct from opposite directions; only unidirectional construction from the tunnel entrance is possible, resulting in high ventilation pressure during tunnel construction. To solve the problem of high ventilation difficulty in special scenarios, the inventors have devised a specific ventilation method. The construction process involves two ventilation stages. The first ventilation stage uses forced ventilation, a type of mechanical ventilation. After the tunnel reaches the predetermined length, the second ventilation stage is initiated. This second stage uses tunnel-style ventilation, utilizing one tunnel as a fresh air intake channel with a windbreak wall, and a cross passage between the two tunnels as an intermediate channel. The other tunnel serves as a channel for expelling stale air. This combination of different ventilation stages effectively solves the aforementioned problem of high ventilation difficulty during the construction of extra-long tunnels. To ensure the ventilation quality of the first and second stages, a windbreak wall needs to be installed after the first ventilation stage, with fans mounted on it to supply air to the second ventilation stage. As the tunnel length increases, the position of the windbreak wall needs to be adjusted to ensure the air supply quality to the tunnel face during the second ventilation stage.

[0004] Although the windbreak wall in the second ventilation stage can ensure ventilation quality, the traditional windbreak wall is a brick windbreak wall. The brick windbreak wall affects the construction of the tunnel face for about 5 days, which has a significant impact on the tunnel construction period. In addition, the windbreak wall has poor stability. When the tunnel face is blasted, it will impact the windbreak wall and further affect its stability. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing windbreak structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a windbreak for tunnel construction, in order to solve the problem that existing brick windbreaks not only affect the tunnel construction period, but also have poor stability when windbreaks are set up in the two ventilation stages of extra-long tunnel construction.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a windbreak plate for tunnel construction, comprising a plate body and a plurality of ventilation holes opened on the plate body, a plurality of ventilation sections are arranged in an array of ventilation holes on the plate body, and one-to-one one-way ventilation components are connected to the side of the plate body away from the working face, the number of which is equal to the number of ventilation sections and corresponds to one-to-one, the top of the one-way ventilation component is rotatably connected to the plate body, and the one-way ventilation component is in the state of blocking the ventilation sections when it is not subjected to external force.

[0007] The principle and beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: In this application, the windbreak plate is set at the position of the existing windbreak wall, and several air duct holes are provided on the plate body for the air ducts of the existing technology to pass through, so that the air ducts can pass through the windbreak plate to achieve ventilation in the second ventilation stage; in addition, in this application, several ventilation sections are provided on the plate body, and the ventilation sections are set in a way that avoids the placement of the air duct holes, so as to avoid the installation and fixing of the ventilation ducts by the ventilation unit. In this application, a one-way ventilation component is provided on the side of the plate body facing the working face. The top of the one-way ventilation component is rotatably connected to the plate body. Under normal conditions, when the one-way ventilation component is not subjected to external force, under the action of its own weight, the one-way ventilation component blocks the ventilation section, preventing the air in the second ventilation stage position from flowing to the first ventilation stage position through the ventilation section, thereby preventing the polluted air in the second ventilation stage from flowing back to the side of the plate body away from the working face, so as to prevent the polluted air generated in the second ventilation stage from being re-drawn into the second ventilation stage by the fan on the side of the plate body near the opening, thus reducing the possibility of fresh air being contaminated. Meanwhile, when the shock wave generated by the blasting at the working face reaches the plate and the one-way ventilation components, the one-way ventilation components automatically rotate relative to the plate under the impact force of the shock wave, causing the ventilation section to open automatically. At this time, the ventilation section plays a role in relieving the pressure of the shock wave, reducing the impact force on the entire wind deflector, and effectively improving the structural stability of the entire wind deflector.

[0008] Therefore, the arrangement of the plate and one-way ventilation components in this application is simpler and more efficient than the brick windbreak wall, effectively reducing the impact on the tunnel construction period. At the same time, the one-way ventilation components not only ensure the cleanliness of the air supply in the second ventilation stage, but also automatically depressurize the shock wave generated by the blasting at the tunnel face, making the entire windbreak plate work more stably.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, it also includes a support frame, with the plate connected to one end of the support frame facing away from the working face.

[0010] In this design, a support frame is used to support the plate and other structures on the plate. The plate is connected to the end of the support frame that is away from the working face, so that the one-way ventilation component on the plate can rotate relative to the plate in a direction away from the working face, thereby opening the ventilation section to release pressure. This avoids the support frame structure from obstructing the rotation of the one-way ventilation component, resulting in a stable structure and convenient installation.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, a flexible blocking member that cooperates with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the flexible blocking member is located between the secondary lining and the plate.

[0012] Because the secondary lining surface is curved, gaps may appear between the panel and the secondary lining during installation, affecting ventilation quality. This solution addresses this by fixing a flexible barrier to the support frame. The flexible barrier is located between the outer side of the panel and the secondary lining, effectively sealing the space between them and further improving ventilation quality.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the ventilation section includes ventilation holes formed on the plate.

[0014] In this design, the ventilation holes have a simple structure, are easy to form on the plate, and allow for smooth airflow.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the one-way ventilation component includes a stainless steel baffle, the cross-sectional area of ​​which is larger than the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation hole.

[0016] In this solution, stainless steel baffles are used as one-way ventilation components. Stainless steel is well adapted to the complex construction environment in tunnels, and stainless steel baffles are easy to cut, low in cost, and have good strength, which can stably withstand the shock waves generated by blasting at the tunnel face. The cross-sectional area of ​​the stainless steel baffles is larger than the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation holes to ensure that the stainless steel baffles can provide a good sealing and shielding effect for the ventilation holes.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the plate body comprises multiple sub-plates.

[0018] In this design, the panel is composed of multiple sub-panels, avoiding the need for one-time processing of a very large panel, thus reducing processing and installation difficulties.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, all stainless steel baffles on the same partition plate are overlapped with the partition plate in a fish-scale pattern.

[0020] In this design, all stainless steel baffles on the same partition plate overlap with the partition plate in a fish-scale pattern, which enhances the aesthetics of the structure. At the same time, the bottom of the stainless steel baffle overlaps with the partition plate, which can achieve a better one-way sealing effect and improve the cleanliness of the air supply in the second ventilation stage.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0022] In this solution, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle is set to be greater than or equal to 5mm to ensure that the stainless steel baffle has sufficient strength to effectively withstand the shock wave generated by the blasting at the working face, has a long service life, and can work stably for a long time.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, the plate body is provided with a walking channel, and the support frame is connected with an opening and closing door that cooperates with the walking channel.

[0024] In this scheme, a walking passage is set on the slab to facilitate the passage of workers and vehicles during tunnel construction. At the same time, a switch door is set up. When the walking passage is not in use, the switch door is closed to close the walking passage, thereby preventing the polluted air in the second ventilation stage from flowing back to the fan at the wind deflector position through the walking passage, and ensuring the cleanliness of the air supplied in the second ventilation stage. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and walking passage in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the partitions and the opening and closing of the doors.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of multiple stainless steel baffles set on the dividing plate in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the rotatable connection between the stainless steel baffle and the dividing plate in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0031] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. partition plate, 101. ventilation hole, 102. stainless steel baffle, 2. support frame, 3. walking passage, 4. door, 5. flexible barrier, 6.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This embodiment is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 As shown: A windbreak plate for tunnel construction includes a plate body and a plurality of ventilation duct holes 101 formed on the plate body. The number of ventilation duct holes 101 is determined according to the number of ventilation ducts installed in the tunnel. In order to facilitate processing and installation of the plate body, the plate body in this embodiment is composed of multiple sub-plates 1. The multiple sub-plates 1 are connected in sequence to form a panel-shaped plate body. In actual installation, adjacent sub-plates 1 can be fixed with bolts or welded together.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, the plate body has several ventilation sections provided by the ventilation duct holes 101. On the side of the plate body facing away from the tunnel face, there are one-way ventilation components, the number of which is equal to and corresponds one-to-one with the number of ventilation sections. The top of each one-way ventilation component is rotatably connected to the plate body, and the one-way ventilation component is in a state of blocking the ventilation sections when not subjected to external force. In this embodiment, combined with... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ventilation section consists of ventilation holes 102 on the plate, and the one-way ventilation component is a stainless steel baffle 2. The top surface of the stainless steel baffle 2 is rotatably connected to the partition plate 1 via a pin or hinge. Figure 4 The diagram shows the stainless steel baffle 2 being rotatably connected to the top via a pin (the pin is fixed to the partition plate 1 by welding). The cross-sectional area of ​​the stainless steel baffle 2 is larger than the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation hole 102. When the stainless steel baffle 2 is not subjected to external force, it can completely block the ventilation hole 102, and the partition plate 1 can provide support and sealing for the portion of the stainless steel baffle 2 extending beyond the ventilation hole 102. To improve the stability and appearance of all stainless steel baffles 2 on the same partition plate 1, all stainless steel baffles 2 are overlapped in a fish-scale pattern. To ensure sufficient strength, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle 2 is set to be greater than or equal to 5 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle 2 is preferably 1 cm.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also includes a support frame 3, which is formed by overlapping and welding I-beams. The bottom of the support frame 3 is equipped with rollers to facilitate movement of the support frame 3. The plate 1 is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame 3 away from the tunnel face by screws or welding. At the same time, in this embodiment, a walking passage 4 is provided on the plate. The support frame 3 is connected to a switch door 5 that cooperates with the walking passage 4. The switch door 5 is a roller shutter door. When construction personnel or construction machinery need to pass through the walking passage 4, they only need to raise the roller shutter door to open the walking passage 4. At other times, the roller shutter door is in the state of lowering and closing the walking passage 4.

[0036] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0037] This embodiment describes a windbreak plate for tunnel construction, used for ventilation control in the construction of extra-long tunnels. During the first ventilation stage, when the tunnel is relatively short, forced ventilation is used to supply air to the tunnel. When the construction length reaches a certain point, forced ventilation cannot meet the ventilation requirements, so the second ventilation stage begins. The second ventilation stage uses a tunnel-type ventilation method. The windbreak plate in this embodiment is placed at a suitable position after the first ventilation stage, and a fan from the prior art is installed on the side of the windbreak plate near the tunnel entrance. A duct is installed on the fan, and the air outlet of the duct passes through the duct hole 101 on the plate and extends to the working face. Fresh air is supplied to the working face using the duct. At this time, the stainless steel baffle 2 adheres to the plate under its own weight, thus blocking and sealing the ventilation hole 102. This prevents the polluted air generated in the second ventilation stage from flowing back to the fan through the ventilation hole 102 and being repeatedly drawn in, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of the air supplied in the second ventilation stage.

[0038] In addition, when the working face is blasted, when the shock wave generated by the blast is transmitted to the wind deflector, the stainless steel baffle 2 automatically rotates relative to the plate body when it is impacted by the shock wave, so that the ventilation hole 102 opens and the pressure is released, which effectively reduces the impact damage of the blast shock wave to the wind deflector and improves the stability of the entire wind deflector.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a flexible blocking member 6 that cooperates with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame 3. The flexible blocking member 6 can be made of flexible materials such as rubber. The flexible blocking member 6 is located between the outer side of the plate and the secondary lining. The flexible blocking member 6 is used to stably seal the space between the secondary lining and the plate, effectively ensuring the quality of ventilation.

[0041] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A windbreak for tunnel construction, characterized in that: It includes a plate body and a number of ventilation holes opened on the plate body. The plate body is provided with a number of ventilation sections in an array of ventilation holes. On the side of the plate body away from the working face, there are one-way ventilation components with a number equal to and corresponding to the number of ventilation sections. The top of the one-way ventilation component is rotatably connected to the plate body, and the one-way ventilation component is in a state of blocking the ventilation section when it is not subjected to external force.

2. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support frame, with the plate connected to the end of the support frame facing away from the working face.

3. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flexible blocking element that cooperates with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame. The flexible blocking element is located between the secondary lining and the plate.

4. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation section includes ventilation holes formed on the plate.

5. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unidirectional ventilation component includes a stainless steel baffle, the cross-sectional area of ​​which is larger than the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation hole.

6. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plate body comprises multiple sub-plates.

7. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: All stainless steel baffles on the same partition plate overlap with the partition plate in a fish-scale pattern.

8. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the stainless steel baffle is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

9. A windbreak for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plate is provided with a walking channel, and the support frame is connected to an openable door that cooperates with the walking channel.

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