Three-station gear shifting hydraulic cylinder

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, in particular to a three-station gear shifting hydraulic cylinder which comprises a cylinder barrel, end covers are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cylinder barrel respectively, a left piston sleeve, a right piston sleeve, a left piston rod and a right piston rod are arranged in the cylinder barrel, and the left piston sleeve is sleeved on the left piston rod in a sliding mode. The left end of the left piston rod extends out of the cylinder barrel, the right end of the left piston rod is connected with the left side of the right piston rod, and the right end of the right piston rod extends out of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a gear shifting fork. A high-speed oil port, a neutral oil port and a low-speed oil port are formed in a barrel body of the cylinder barrel, the high-speed oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space on the left side of the left piston sleeve, the neutral oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space between the left piston sleeve and the right piston sleeve, and the low-speed oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space on the right side of the right piston sleeve. The gear shifting hydraulic cylinder is compact in structure, small in occupied space, rapid and stable in gear shifting, and capable of achieving switching of three gears including the high speed, the neutral gear and the low speed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to machine tool equipment technical field, concretely is a three position gear hydraulic cylinder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The spindle box of machine tool generally adopts two or four gears, and is additionally provided with a neutral gear, and the stepless speed regulation in the gear is realized through the speed change of a servo motor.

[0003] Taking the spindle box of a numerical control lathe as an example, two gears and a neutral gear are usually adopted. When rough turning at low speed, a low-speed gear is used, the speed reduction ratio is large, and the torque is large; when fine turning at high speed, a high-speed gear is used, the speed reduction ratio is small, and the rotating speed is high; when installing a workpiece, the neutral gear is used, the chuck can be manually rotated, the workpiece is aligned, and the operation is convenient. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder needs to have three gears, i.e. a high-speed gear, a low-speed gear and a neutral gear. Some conventional gear shifting structures do not have a neutral gear, which causes time and labor to be wasted when manually aligning. Some conventional gear shifting structures adopt two groups of hydraulic cylinders, one group controls the neutral gear, and the other group controls the high-speed and low-speed gears. The mechanical structure is complex, the space is occupied, the switching of the neutral gear needs to be completed when shifting gears, and then the switching of the high-speed and low-speed gears needs to be completed, so the efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a three position gear hydraulic cylinder, simple structure, compact, gear shifting is fast and stable, and the utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:

[0005] A three position gear hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel, end covers are arranged at the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel, a left piston sleeve, a right piston sleeve, a left piston rod and a right piston rod are arranged in the cylinder barrel, the left piston sleeve is slidably sleeved on the left piston rod, the right piston sleeve is slidably sleeved on the right piston rod, the left end of the left piston rod extends out of the cylinder barrel, the right end of the left piston rod is connected to the left side of the right piston rod, and the right end of the right piston rod extends out of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a gear shifting fork.

[0006] A high-speed oil port, a neutral gear oil port and a low-speed oil port are arranged on the barrel of the cylinder barrel, the high-speed oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space on the left side of the left piston sleeve, the neutral gear oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space between the left piston sleeve and the right piston sleeve, and the low-speed oil port corresponds to the oil cavity space on the right side of the right piston sleeve.

[0007] The left piston sleeve and the right piston sleeve are provided with a cylindrical end and a conical end to form the oil cavity space, and the conical ends of the left piston sleeve and the right piston sleeve can be in contact or separated.

[0008] The cylinder barrel is bolted to the spindle box, the end covers are bolted to the cylinder barrel, the gear shifting fork is locked by a lock nut on the right piston rod, and the left piston rod and the right piston rod are threadedly connected.

[0009] The utility model discloses a beneficial effect is: this gear shift hydraulic cylinder compact structure, the space is small, gear shift is quick, stable, can realize high speed, neutral gear and low speed three gear switching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is high speed gear state schematic drawing of hydraulic cylinder structure of the utility model embodiment;

[0011] Figure 2 It is neutral gear state schematic drawing of hydraulic cylinder structure of the utility model embodiment;

[0012] Figure 3 It is low speed gear state schematic drawing of hydraulic cylinder structure of the utility model embodiment.

[0013] In the drawing: 1 is cylinder barrel, 3 is main shaft box, 4 is left end cover, 5 is right end cover, 6 is limit stop ring, 7 is left piston sleeve, 8 is right piston sleeve, 9 is left piston rod, 10 is right piston rod, 11 is gear shift fork, 12 is lock nut, 13 is high speed oil port, 14 is neutral gear oil port, 15 is low speed oil port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical scheme of the utility model will be described below in detail in combination with the drawings.

[0015] The following embodiments are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. It should be noted that the terms used are only for the description of the specific embodiments, such as "left" and "right", which are only for the description of relative positions, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0016] The embodiment is a three-station gear shift hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel 1, end covers are installed on the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel 1 by bolts, and the cylinder barrel 1 is installed on a main shaft box 3 by bolts.

[0017] The cylinder barrel 1 is provided with a left piston sleeve 7, a right piston sleeve 8, a left piston rod 9, and a right piston rod 10, the left piston sleeve 7 is slidingly sleeved on the left piston rod 9 and has an oil cavity space therebetween, the right piston sleeve 8 is slidingly sleeved on the right piston rod 10 and has an oil cavity space therebetween, the left end of the left piston rod 9 extends out of the cylinder barrel, the right end is screwed to the left side of the right piston rod 10, the right end of the right piston rod 10 extends out of the cylinder barrel and is provided with a gear shift fork 11, and the gear shift fork 11 is installed on the right piston rod 10 by a lock nut 12.

[0018] The cylinder 1 is provided with a high-speed oil port 13, a neutral oil port 14 and a low-speed oil port 15. The high-speed oil port 13 corresponds to the inner cavity of the left piston sleeve 7 and the oil cavity space to its left. The neutral oil port 14 corresponds to the oil cavity space between the left piston sleeve 7 and the right piston sleeve 8. The low-speed oil port 15 corresponds to the inner cavity of the right piston sleeve 8 and the oil cavity space to its right.

[0019] Specifically, one end of the left piston sleeve 7 and the right piston sleeve 8 is cylindrical and the other end is conical to form an oil cavity space. The conical ends of the left piston sleeve 7 and the right piston sleeve 8 can contact or separate. The left piston rod 9 and the right piston rod 10 are both provided with limiting rings 6 to correspondingly limit the sliding position of the left piston sleeve 7 and the right piston sleeve 8.

[0020] Combination Figure 1 The current state is high gear. When it is necessary to switch to neutral, oil enters through the neutral port 14. The oil chamber between the left piston sleeve 7 and the right piston sleeve 8 gradually fills with hydraulic oil. Under pressure, the left piston sleeve 7 drives the left piston rod 9 and the right piston rod 10 to move to the left. The right piston sleeve 8 is blocked by the right end cover 5 and remains stationary until the left piston sleeve 7 reaches the left end cover 4. All components are stationary under pressure. At this time, it is as follows: Figure 2 The shown is the neutral state.

[0021] Combination Figure 1 The current state is high speed. When a low speed is needed and needs to be switched, oil enters through the low speed port 15, and the inner cavity of the right piston sleeve 8 gradually fills with hydraulic oil. Under pressure, the right piston sleeve 8 drives the right piston rod 10, left piston rod 9, and left piston sleeve 7 to move to the left. When the right piston rod 10 separates from the right end cover 5 by a certain distance, the space between them will also gradually fill with hydraulic oil. At this time, the left piston sleeve 7, right piston sleeve 8, left piston rod 9, and right piston 10 move in a superimposed manner until the left piston rod 9 and left piston sleeve 7 both reach the left end cover 4. All components are stationary under pressure. At this time, if... Figure 3 The low-speed gear is shown.

[0022] The principle is the same when switching from other gears to high speed, so I won't go into details.

[0023] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various changes or improvements without departing from the principles of this application, and these changes or improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A three-position shifting hydraulic cylinder, comprising a cylinder barrel (1), wherein end caps are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel (1), characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is provided with a left piston sleeve (7), a right piston sleeve (8), a left piston rod (9) and a right piston rod (10). The left piston sleeve (7) is slidably fitted on the left piston rod (9), and the right piston sleeve (8) is slidably fitted on the right piston rod (10). The left end of the left piston rod (9) extends out of the cylinder and the right end is connected to the left side of the right piston rod (10). The right end of the right piston rod (10) extends out of the cylinder and is equipped with a shift fork (11). The cylinder (1) is provided with a high-speed oil port (13), a neutral oil port (14) and a low-speed oil port (15). The high-speed oil port (13) corresponds to the oil cavity space on the left side of the left piston sleeve (7), the neutral oil port (14) corresponds to the oil cavity space between the left piston sleeve (7) and the right piston sleeve (8), and the low-speed oil port (15) corresponds to the oil cavity space on the right side of the right piston sleeve (8).

2. The three-position shifting hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left piston sleeve (7) and the right piston sleeve (8) are cylindrical at one end and conical at the other end to form an oil cavity space. The conical ends of the left piston sleeve (7) and the right piston sleeve (8) can contact or separate.

3. The three-position shifting hydraulic cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (1) is bolted to the spindle box (3), the end cover is bolted to the cylinder (1), the shift fork (11) is mounted on the right piston rod (10) with a lock nut (12), and the left piston rod (9) and the right piston rod (10) are threaded together.

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