Sensor bolt

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sensor bolt which comprises a bolt body, a sensor mounting hole, a threaded base, a counterbore and a sensor. Compared with the prior art, the sensor is installed inside the bolt in a composite mode, the stress change condition can be monitored in real time, the overall stress state can be known, meanwhile, the temperature change can be monitored in real time, the situation of insufficient bolt pre-tightening force can be found in time, maintenance can be optimized, the service life of equipment can be prolonged, and the overall safety of a connecting structure can be improved. And subsequent intelligent management is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sensor bolt technology, specifically a sensor bolt. Background Technology

[0002] Sensor bolts are intelligent fasteners that embed sensors within the bolt, enabling real-time monitoring of parameters such as bolt preload, vibration, and temperature. They are widely used in aerospace, mining machinery, automobiles, wind power, and bridge construction. However, in mining machinery, such as coal mining machines, fasteners are subjected to continuous high loads, frequent vibrations, and heavy forces during operation. Commonly used bolts in these machines do not incorporate sensors, making it difficult to monitor stress and bolt preload changes in real time and thus hindering timely fault detection. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model discloses a sensor bolt, including a bolt body, a sensor mounting hole, a threaded base, a countersunk hole, and a sensor; the bolt body has a countersunk hole on one end face, and a sensor mounting hole is formed at the bottom of the countersunk hole; the threaded base is disposed on the bottom surface inside the countersunk hole; the sensor passes through the threaded base and is placed in the sensor mounting hole; the sensor includes a signal conditioning circuit, an A / D converter circuit, a control system, a data transmission module, and a microcontroller.

[0004] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the signal conditioning circuit includes a sensor output, an operational amplifier, a low-pass filter, an A / D converter input, and an isolation circuit.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the A / D converter circuit includes an analog signal input, an A / D converter, and a digital signal output.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model integrates sensors installed inside bolts, which can monitor stress changes in real time, help understand the overall stress state, and monitor changes in stress, vibration, temperature, etc. in real time, promptly detect insufficient bolt preload, optimize maintenance, improve equipment service life, enhance the overall safety of the connection structure, and facilitate subsequent intelligent management. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a partial sectional view of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the bolt body of this utility model;

[0010] In the diagram: 1. Bolt body; 2. Sensor mounting hole; 3. Threaded base; 4. Countersunk hole; 5. Sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0011] Example 1

[0012] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this utility model discloses a sensor bolt, including a bolt body 1, a sensor mounting hole 2, a threaded base 3, a countersunk hole 4, and a sensor 5. The bolt body 1 has a countersunk hole 4 on one end face, and a sensor mounting hole 2 is formed at the bottom of the countersunk hole 4. The threaded base 3 is disposed inside the bottom surface of the countersunk hole 4. The sensor 5 passes through the threaded base 3 and is installed in the sensor mounting hole 2. The sensor 5 includes a signal conditioning circuit, an A / D converter circuit, a control system, a data transmission module, and a microcontroller. By mounting the sensor 5 inside the bolt body 1, stress changes can be monitored in real time, helping to understand the overall stress state. Simultaneously, temperature changes can be monitored in real time, promptly detecting insufficient bolt preload. This allows for optimized maintenance, extends equipment lifespan, improves the overall safety of the connection structure, and facilitates subsequent intelligent management.

[0013] Sensor 5 collects data on bolt stress, vibration, temperature, etc. The signal is processed by the signal conditioning circuit, then converted from analog to digital by the A / D converter, and then processed by the microcontroller. The data is then transmitted to the control system, and feedback control is performed based on the data analysis results to assist the staff in monitoring the condition of the bolt.

[0014] The bolt body 1 features a 0.3mm diameter copper microchannel array embedded in its head, filled with acetone working fluid, achieving an equivalent thermal conductivity of 50W / m·K through phase change heat transfer. The core module of sensor 5 is suspended using elastic silicone pads, allowing ±1mm displacement to buffer impacts, while spring steel sheets limit the displacement amplitude. The sensor 5 housing is made of titanium alloy TC4 to improve the strength-to-weight ratio, and the internal shock-absorbing structure uses a nanoporous ceramic fiber composite layer, increasing energy absorption efficiency by 40%. The sensor 5 surface features a lotus leaf-like alumina coating with a contact angle >150°, achieving self-cleaning and anti-fouling. A 0.1mm thick permalloy layer with a magnetic permeability >80000 is embedded within the sensor 5 housing. The grounding point uses a star topology to reduce ground loop interference. The outer surface of sensor 5 is coated with a 50μm thick silicon carbide coating with an infrared emissivity >0.9, increasing the radiative heat dissipation ratio to 35% under 80℃ operating conditions. The circuit module is potted with thermally conductive silicone with a thermal conductivity of 3.5 W / m·K under a vacuum environment of 10^-3 Pa to eliminate air bubbles and form a seamless protection. Electronic components adopt gradient potting technology, with the bottom layer using flexible polyurethane with a hardness of Shore A 60 to absorb high-frequency vibrations, and the surface layer using epoxy resin with a hardness of Shore D80 for impact resistance. The AD7606 ADC front end integrates an 8th-order Butterworth filter with a programmable adjustable cutoff frequency, which, together with the Xilinx Zynq-7020 SoC, enables real-time digital comb filtering.

[0015] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies, and the connections and controls of each motor are all technical means commonly used by those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail.

[0016] While the specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Modifications or variations that do not involve creative labor are still within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sensor bolt, characterized in that: The device includes a bolt body (1), a sensor mounting hole (2), a threaded base (3), a countersunk hole (4), and a sensor (5). The bolt body (1) has a countersunk hole (4) on one end face, and a sensor mounting hole (2) is formed at the bottom of the countersunk hole (4). The threaded base (3) is located on the bottom surface inside the countersunk hole (4). The sensor (5) passes through the threaded base (3) and is placed in the sensor mounting hole (2). The sensor (5) includes a signal conditioning circuit, an A / D converter circuit, a control system, a data transmission module, and a microcontroller.

2. A sensor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conditioning circuit includes a sensor output, an operational amplifier, a low-pass filter, an A / D converter input, and an isolation circuit.

3. A sensor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A / D converter circuit includes an analog signal input, an A / D converter, and a digital signal output.

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