Composite monitoring system for nuclear reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor, which comprises a main loop connected to two ends of the reactor; the main loop comprises a heat exchanger, an online monitoring module for monitoring the quality of covering gas in a reactor and a radiation monitoring module for judging the integrity of a fuel cladding; in-reactor covering gas of the reactor flows through the hot side of the heat pipe section heat exchanger, the radiation monitoring module and the online monitoring module, and then returns to the reactor through a cold pipe section of the reactor; the cooling loop is connected between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the cold side of the heat exchanger; and the passive cooling loop and the cooling loop are connected in parallel between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger. The composite monitoring system combines fuel cladding damage monitoring and in-reactor covering gas quality on-line monitoring, and is equipped with a cooling loop and a passive cooling loop, so that the safety-level cold source matching design is saved, and the safety-level electrical load is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nuclear power monitoring technology, and in particular to a composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the chemical characteristics of the primary coolant in pool-type metallic reactors, the design for fuel cladding damage monitoring differs significantly from that of water reactors. Current metallic reactor types rely on monitoring the radioactivity and nuclide composition of the covering gas to determine fuel cladding damage, primarily through high-energy and low-energy gamma-ray monitoring and energy spectrum analysis. Fuel cladding damage monitoring is used to monitor the integrity of the first safety barrier and is a safety-related function; therefore, the system's related equipment must be equipped with safety-grade power supplies and cooling sources to ensure system operational reliability.

[0003] The primary coolant in a pool-type metal stack needs to be covered with an inert gas to ensure coolant quality. Therefore, a system is required to monitor the concentration of impurities in the covering gas and to include appropriate purification functions.

[0004] The primary loop depressurization function is mainly used to deal with overpressure accidents in the primary loop. Large reactors, such as pressurized water reactors, depressurize through the pressurizer of the primary loop coolant, which is a safety function. In the event of SGTR (steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident), the pressure is depressurized and water vapor is released. The depressurization tank maintains a sufficient water volume to receive the high-pressure exhaust gas from the primary loop under SGTR conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to construct a composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors, the composite monitoring system comprising:

[0007] The main loop is connected to both ends of the reactor. The main loop includes a heat exchanger, an online monitoring module for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a radiation monitoring module for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding. The in-reactor cover gas flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger in the heat pipe section, the radiation monitoring module, and the online monitoring module, and then returns to the reactor through the cold pipe section of the reactor.

[0008] A cooling circuit is connected between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end on the cold side of the heat exchanger.

[0009] A passive cooling circuit is connected in parallel with the cooling circuit between the heat exchange input terminal and the heat exchange output terminal of the heat exchanger.

[0010] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the radiation monitoring module includes: a total gamma monitoring device for monitoring radiation dose and a nuclide spectrum identification device for identifying nuclide types.

[0011] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the cooling circuit includes: a cooling water input pipe connected to the heat exchange input end, and a cooling water output pipe connected to the heat exchange output end.

[0012] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the cooling circuit further includes:

[0013] An upstream isolation valve is installed between the cooling water inlet pipe and the heat exchange inlet;

[0014] A downstream isolation valve is installed between the cooling water output pipe and the heat exchange output end;

[0015] The upstream isolation valve and the downstream isolation valve are interconnected.

[0016] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the passive cooling circuit includes: a pressure relief box, an atmospheric connection valve, and a waste liquid pipe;

[0017] The pressure relief input end of the pressure relief box is connected to the atmospheric environment through the atmospheric communication valve, and the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief box is connected to the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger.

[0018] One end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger, and the other end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the waste liquid tank.

[0019] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the pressure relief tank stores enough water to flow through the heat exchanger for 72 hours or more.

[0020] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the horizontal position of the pressure relief tank is higher than the horizontal position of the heat exchanger.

[0021] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the passive cooling circuit further includes:

[0022] A water supply isolation valve is installed between the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief box and the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger;

[0023] A drain isolation valve is installed between the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger and the waste liquid pipe;

[0024] The water supply isolation valve and the drain isolation valve are interlocked, and the water supply isolation valve and the drain isolation valve are only allowed to open interlockedly if the unit does not trigger a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

[0025] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this utility model, the heat exchanger, the online monitoring module, and the radiation monitoring module in the main loop are sequentially connected to both sides of the reactor; the in-reactor cover gas flows from the reactor to the heat exchanger, passes through the online monitoring module and the radiation monitoring module, and then returns to the reactor.

[0026] The online monitoring module includes:

[0027] A gas sampler connected between the heat exchanger and the radiation monitoring module;

[0028] A gas analyzer connected to the gas sampler, the gas analyzer including a gas chromatograph, a thermometer, and a hygrometer.

[0029] Preferably, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors constructed according to this invention, the composite monitoring system further includes:

[0030] A redundant loop is connected in parallel with the main loop on both sides of the reactor. The redundant loop includes a redundant heat exchanger, a redundant online monitoring module for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a redundant radiation monitoring module for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding. In the redundant loop, the in-reactor cover gas flows through the redundant heat exchanger, the redundant radiation monitoring module, and the redundant online monitoring module.

[0031] A redundant cooling loop is connected between the redundant input and redundant output terminals of the redundant heat exchanger.

[0032] A redundant passive cooling circuit is connected in parallel with the redundant cooling circuit between the redundant input terminal and the redundant output terminal of the redundant heat exchanger.

[0033] By implementing this utility model, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

[0034] This utility model discloses a composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors. The composite monitoring system includes: a main loop connected to both ends of the reactor; the main loop includes a heat exchanger, an online monitoring module for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a radiation monitoring module for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein the in-reactor cover gas flows through the hot side of the heat pipe section heat exchanger, the radiation monitoring module, and the online monitoring module, and then returns to the reactor through the cold pipe section; a cooling loop connected between the heat exchange input and heat exchange output ends on the cold side of the heat exchanger; and a passive cooling loop connected in parallel with the cooling loop between the heat exchange input and heat exchange output ends of the heat exchanger. The composite monitoring system integrates fuel cladding damage monitoring and online monitoring of in-reactor cover gas quality, and is equipped with both a cooling loop and a passive cooling loop, saving on safety-grade cold source design and reducing safety-grade electrical load. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor in the first embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor in the first embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "head," and "tail" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and do not indicate that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0039] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. When an component is referred to as being "on" or "below" another component, the component can be located "directly" or "indirectly" on the other component, or there may be one or more intermediary components. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only for the convenience of describing this technical solution and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first," "second," "third," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In the following description, specific details such as particular system structures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary detail.

[0041] See Figures 1 to 2 The first embodiment of this utility model discloses a composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor, applied to reactor 1. The composite monitoring system includes: a main loop connected to both ends of reactor 1; the main loop includes a heat exchanger 2, an online monitoring module 3 for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor gas, and a radiation monitoring module 4 for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein, the in-reactor gas of reactor 1 flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger 2 in the heat pipe section, the radiation monitoring module 4, and the online monitoring module 3, and then returns to reactor 1 through the cold pipe section of reactor 1; a cooling loop connected between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger 2 on the cold side; and a passive cooling loop connected in parallel with the cooling loop between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger 2. The cooling loop serves as the cooling supply loop during normal operation, and the passive cooling loop serves as the cooling loop during accident conditions. The main loop is the primary loop of a pool-type metal reactor.

[0042] The monitoring system features an integrated design, the main components of which are as follows:

[0043] 1. This monitoring system integrates fuel cladding damage monitoring and cover gas quality monitoring functions, saving on equipment and pipeline design and configuration, while enabling continuous online monitoring of cover gas quality;

[0044] 2. The monitoring system design integrates the main circuit depressurization system depressurization box 7 as the passive safety-level cold source of this system, saving the design of the safety-level cold source and reducing the safety-level power load.

[0045] Furthermore, the cooling medium in the cooling circuit of the monitoring system is the cooling water of the active equipment, and control valves are installed at both ends of the cooling medium connecting the heat exchanger 2.

[0046] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the radiation monitoring module 4 includes: a total gamma monitoring device 12 for monitoring radiation dose and a nuclide spectrum identification device 13 for identifying nuclide types.

[0047] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor disclosed in this embodiment, the cooling circuit includes: a cooling water inlet pipe connected to the heat exchange input end, and a cooling water outlet pipe connected to the heat exchange output end. The other end of the cooling water inlet pipe and the other end of the cooling water outlet pipe are connected to a cooling water system, which serves as the cooling circuit during normal operation, providing a cold source for the main circuit heat exchanger 2.

[0048] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor disclosed in this embodiment, the cooling circuit further includes: an upstream isolation valve 5 disposed between the cooling water inlet pipe and the heat exchange inlet; and a downstream isolation valve 6 disposed between the cooling water outlet pipe and the heat exchange outlet; wherein the upstream isolation valve 5 and the downstream isolation valve 6 are interconnected. During normal unit operation, the upstream isolation valve 5 and the downstream isolation valve 6 remain open as cooling is supplied normally through the cooling circuit.

[0049] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the passive cooling circuit includes: a pressure relief tank 7, an atmospheric connection valve 8, and a waste liquid pipe; the pressure relief input end of the pressure relief tank 7 is connected to the atmospheric environment through the atmospheric connection valve 8, and the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief tank 7 is connected to the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger 2; one end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger 2, and the other end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to a waste liquid pool. To start the passive cooling circuit for cooling, the atmospheric connection valve 8 is opened, allowing the pressure relief tank 7 to connect to the plant environment, and the ambient temperature water stored in the pressure relief tank 7 flows to the cold side of the heat exchanger 2 by gravity.

[0050] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the pressure relief tank 7 stores enough water to flow through the heat exchanger 2 for 72 hours or more. The water capacity of the main loop pressure relief system tank can meet the monitoring requirements for at least 72 hours after an accident, and the pressure relief tank 7 has a redundant design, meeting the single-failure design requirements for passive components operating for a long period after an accident in nuclear safety guidelines.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to cope with accident conditions, the tube side of heat exchanger 2 switches to passive cooling mode. The room temperature water in the depressurization tank 7 of the main loop depressurization system flows through heat exchanger 2 by gravity to provide a cold source, and then is discharged to the wastewater collection system. Thus, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the horizontal position of the depressurization tank 7 is higher than the horizontal position of the heat exchanger 2, which facilitates the flow of passive cooling water to heat exchanger 2.

[0052] Furthermore, from an accident analysis perspective, the system design does not need to consider the superposition of two types of unit-level accidents, such as the simultaneous occurrence of SGTR operation and fuel blockage accident. Therefore, using the main loop depressurization system's pressure relief water tank as a passive cooling water source is permissible. Thus, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the passive cooling loop further includes: a water supply isolation valve 9 located between the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief tank 7 and the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger 2; and a drain isolation valve 10 located between the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger 2 and the waste liquid pipe. The water supply isolation valve 9 and the drain isolation valve 10 are interlocked, and both are equipped with pre-locking logic, allowing interlocking opening only when the unit does not trigger a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident. During normal unit operation, the water supply isolation valve 9 and the drain isolation valve 10 remain closed.

[0053] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the heat exchanger 2, the online monitoring module 3, and the radiation monitoring module 4 in the main loop are sequentially connected to both sides of the reactor 1; the in-reactor cover gas flows from the reactor 1 to the heat exchanger 2, and returns to the reactor 1 after passing through the online monitoring module 3 and the radiation monitoring module 4.

[0054] The online monitoring module 3 includes: a gas sampler connected between the heat exchanger 2 and the radiation monitoring module 4; and a gas analyzer connected to the gas sampler, the gas analyzer including a gas chromatograph, a thermometer, and a hygrometer.

[0055] In other embodiments, for a composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor, the heat exchanger 2, the radiation monitoring module 4, and the online monitoring module 3 in the main loop are sequentially connected to both sides of the reactor 1; the in-reactor cover gas flows from the reactor 1 to the heat exchanger 2, passes through the radiation monitoring module 4 and the online monitoring module 3, and then returns to the reactor 1.

[0056] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, a main loop valve 11 is provided in front of the hot side of the heat exchanger 2 in the main loop.

[0057] Furthermore, considering a single-failure design, a redundant two-column design is implemented, where each column has the same configuration. The system operates continuously, with one column in use and the other on standby. See [link / reference] Figure 2 In the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactor 1 disclosed in this embodiment, the composite monitoring system further includes: a redundant loop, which is connected in parallel with the main loop on both sides of the reactor 1; the redundant loop includes a redundant heat exchanger 21, a redundant online monitoring module 31 for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a redundant radiation monitoring module 41 for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein, in the redundant loop, the in-reactor cover gas flows through the redundant heat exchanger 21, the redundant radiation monitoring module 41, and the redundant online monitoring module 31; a redundant cooling loop, which is connected between the redundant input terminal and the redundant output terminal of the redundant heat exchanger 21; and a redundant passive cooling loop, which is connected in parallel with the redundant cooling loop between the redundant input terminal and the redundant output terminal of the redundant heat exchanger 21.

[0058] The specific configurations of the redundant circuit, redundant cooling circuit, and redundant passive cooling circuit correspond to the specific configurations of the main circuit, cooling circuit, and passive cooling circuit, respectively. For example, the cold side of the redundant heat exchanger 21 in the redundant cooling circuit is also connected to the equipment cooling water and the redundant pressure relief box 71.

[0059] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the redundant cooling loop includes: a redundant cooling water input pipe connected to the redundant heat exchange input end, and a redundant cooling water output pipe connected to the redundant heat exchange output end.

[0060] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the redundant cooling loop further includes: a redundant upstream isolation valve 51 disposed between the redundant cooling water input pipe and the heat exchange input end; and a redundant downstream isolation valve 61 disposed between the redundant cooling water output pipe and the redundant heat exchange output end; wherein the redundant upstream isolation valve 51 and the redundant downstream isolation valve 61 are interconnected.

[0061] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the passive cooling circuit includes: a redundant pressure relief box 71, a redundant atmospheric connection valve 81, and a redundant waste liquid pipe; the redundant pressure relief input terminal of the redundant pressure relief box 71 is connected to the atmospheric environment through the redundant atmospheric connection valve 81, and the redundant pressure relief output terminal of the redundant pressure relief box 71 is connected to the redundant heat exchange input terminal of the redundant heat exchanger 21; one end of the redundant waste liquid pipe is connected to the redundant heat exchange output terminal of the redundant heat exchanger 21, and the other end of the redundant waste liquid pipe is connected to the waste liquid pool.

[0062] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the redundant pressure relief tank 71 stores a volume of water sufficient to flow through the redundant heat exchanger 21 for 72 hours or more.

[0063] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the horizontal position of the redundant pressure relief box 71 is higher than the horizontal position of the redundant heat exchanger 21.

[0064] Furthermore, in the composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors disclosed in this embodiment, the passive cooling circuit further includes: a redundant water supply isolation valve 91 disposed between the redundant depressurization output end of the redundant depressurization tank 71 and the redundant heat exchange input end of the redundant heat exchanger 21; and a redundant drain isolation valve 101 disposed between the redundant heat exchange output end of the redundant heat exchanger 21 and the redundant waste liquid pipe. The redundant water supply isolation valve 91 and the redundant drain isolation valve 101 are interlocked and are only allowed to open when the unit does not trigger a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

[0065] By implementing this utility model, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

[0066] This utility model discloses a composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors. The system includes: a main loop connected to both ends of the reactor; the main loop includes a heat exchanger, an online monitoring module for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a radiation monitoring module for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein the in-reactor cover gas flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger, the radiation monitoring module, and the online monitoring module, and then returns to the reactor via the cold pipe section; a cooling loop connected between the heat exchange input and output ends of the heat exchanger on the cold side; and a passive cooling loop connected in parallel with the cooling loop between the heat exchange input and output ends of the heat exchanger. This composite monitoring system integrates fuel cladding damage monitoring and online monitoring of in-reactor cover gas quality, and is equipped with both a cooling loop and a passive cooling loop, saving on safety-grade cold source design requirements and reducing safety-grade electrical load.

[0067] This system achieves fuel cladding damage monitoring in metal fast reactors through the internal circulation of the main loop cover gas. Based on this, a monitoring loop for cover gas impurities is integrated to achieve online monitoring of cover gas quality.

[0068] This system integrates the main circuit depressurization system design and incorporates a passive cooling circuit as the system's safety-level cold source, meeting the design requirements of the safety-level system. At the same time, by using the main circuit depressurization system's depressurization box as the safety-level cold source, the unit does not need to be equipped with a safety-level equipment cooling water system, thus saving on the safety-level power load.

[0069] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present utility model, the above embodiments or technical features can be freely combined, and several modifications and improvements can be made. These all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model, that is, the embodiments described "in some embodiments" can be freely combined with any of the embodiments above and below. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present utility model should fall within the coverage of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors, characterized in that, The composite monitoring system includes: The main loop is connected to both ends of the reactor (1); the main loop includes a heat exchanger (2), an online monitoring module (3) for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor gas, and a radiation monitoring module (4) for judging the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein, the in-reactor gas of the reactor (1) flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger (2) of the heat pipe section, the radiation monitoring module (4) and the online monitoring module (3), and then returns to the reactor (1) through the cold pipe section of the reactor (1); The cooling circuit is connected between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end on the cold side of the heat exchanger (2); A passive cooling circuit is connected in parallel with the cooling circuit between the heat exchange input end and the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger (2).

2. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation monitoring module (4) includes: a total gamma monitoring device (12) for monitoring radiation dose and a nuclide spectrum identification device (13) for identifying nuclide species.

3. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling circuit includes: a cooling water inlet pipe connected to the heat exchange input end, and a cooling water outlet pipe connected to the heat exchange output end.

4. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling circuit also includes: An upstream isolation valve (5) is installed between the cooling water inlet pipe and the heat exchange inlet; A downstream isolation valve (6) is installed between the cooling water output pipe and the heat exchange output end; The upstream isolation valve (5) and the downstream isolation valve (6) are interconnected.

5. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive cooling circuit includes: a pressure relief box (7), an atmospheric connection valve (8), and a waste liquid pipe; The pressure relief input end of the pressure relief box (7) is connected to the atmospheric environment through the atmospheric communication valve (8), and the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief box (7) is connected to the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger (2). One end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger (2), and the other end of the waste liquid pipe is connected to the waste liquid pool.

6. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressure relief tank (7) contains enough water to flow through the heat exchanger (2) for 72 hours or more.

7. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal position of the pressure relief box (7) is higher than the horizontal position of the heat exchanger (2).

8. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 5, characterized in that, The passive cooling circuit also includes: A water supply isolation valve (9) is installed between the pressure relief output end of the pressure relief box (7) and the heat exchange input end of the heat exchanger (2); A drain isolation valve (10) is installed between the heat exchange output end of the heat exchanger (2) and the waste liquid pipe; The water supply isolation valve (9) and the drain isolation valve (10) are interlocked, and the water supply isolation valve (9) and the drain isolation valve (10) are only allowed to open interlocked when the unit does not trigger a steam generator heat transfer tube rupture accident.

9. The composite monitoring system for nuclear reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (2), the online monitoring module (3), and the radiation monitoring module (4) in the main loop are connected sequentially to both sides of the reactor (1); the in-reactor gas flows from the reactor (1) to the heat exchanger (2), and returns to the reactor (1) after passing through the online monitoring module (3) and the radiation monitoring module (4); The online monitoring module (3) includes: A gas sampler connected between the heat exchanger (2) and the radiation monitoring module (4); A gas analyzer connected to the gas sampler, the gas analyzer including a gas chromatograph, a thermometer, and a hygrometer.

10. The composite monitoring system for a nuclear reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The composite monitoring system also includes: A redundant loop is connected in parallel with the main loop on both sides of the reactor (1); the redundant loop includes a redundant heat exchanger (21), a redundant online monitoring module (31) for monitoring the quality of the in-reactor cover gas, and a redundant radiation monitoring module (41) for determining the integrity of the fuel cladding; wherein, in the redundant loop, the in-reactor cover gas flows through the redundant heat exchanger (21), the redundant radiation monitoring module (41), and the redundant online monitoring module (31); A redundant cooling circuit is connected between the redundant input and redundant output terminals of the redundant heat exchanger (21). A redundant passive cooling circuit is connected in parallel with the redundant cooling circuit between the redundant input terminal and the redundant output terminal of the redundant heat exchanger (21).

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