Antenna structure for realizing dual-frequency absorption and communication equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an antenna structure for realizing dual-frequency absorption and a communication device, comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiation metal layer arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, a grounding metal layer arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate, an antenna array arranged in the radiation metal layer, the antenna array comprising a first loop antenna and a second loop antenna, a square frame body and a rectangular frame body are respectively arranged in the first loop antenna and the second loop antenna, the first loop antenna is used for exciting signal resonance aiming at a 5G frequency band, and the second loop antenna is used for exciting signal resonance aiming at a 2G frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular relates to an antenna structure and communication device for realizing dual-frequency absorption. Background Technology

[0002] Dual-band absorption antenna structures refer to antennas capable of effectively absorbing or emitting electromagnetic waves within two specific frequency ranges. However, under current technology, traditional antenna structures can typically only absorb or emit electromagnetic waves within a single specific frequency band, making it difficult to meet the requirements of dual-band or multi-band coordinated absorption and limiting their application in complex electromagnetic environments. Furthermore, some multi-band antennas suffer from electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues when operating simultaneously, leading to signal quality degradation and increased bit error rate. For example, in some dual-band patch antenna arrays, energy coupling between adjacent elements, limited by the antenna element structure, results in decreased isolation, affecting the overall performance of the antenna structure. In addition, existing antenna structures often have complex designs and require sophisticated manufacturing processes, significantly increasing manufacturing difficulty and cost. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to provide an antenna structure and communication device for achieving dual-frequency absorption, thereby solving the technical problem that conventional antenna structures cannot efficiently achieve dual-frequency absorption under existing technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption, comprising:

[0005] Dielectric substrate;

[0006] A radiating metal layer is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0007] The radiating metal layer is provided with an antenna array, which includes a first loop antenna and a second loop antenna;

[0008] The first loop antenna is provided with a first square frame, and a first rectangular frame is provided on any side of the first square frame. A first opening is provided at the center of any side of the first square frame. A second opening is provided at the center of the side of the first rectangular frame adjacent to the first square frame. The first opening and the second opening are connected by a first double-line connecting part.

[0009] The second loop antenna is provided with a second square frame, and a second rectangular frame is provided on any side of the second square frame. A third opening is provided at the center of any side of the second square frame. A fourth opening is provided at the center of the side of the second rectangular frame adjacent to the second square frame. The third opening and the fourth opening are connected through a second double-line connecting part.

[0010] A grounding metal layer is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0011] The antenna structure is configured such that the first loop antenna is used to excite signal resonance for a first frequency band, and the second loop antenna is used to excite signal resonance for a second frequency band.

[0012] Preferably, the second loop antenna is sleeved outside the first loop antenna, and the center point of the second loop antenna coincides with that of the first loop antenna;

[0013] The grounding metal layer has a square structure, and the center points of the grounding metal layer, the first loop antenna, and the second loop antenna are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction.

[0014] Preferably, the long side of the first rectangular frame is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the first square frame, and the long side of the second rectangular frame is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the second square frame.

[0015] Preferably, the radiating metal layer is provided with a plurality of antenna elements with the same structure, and the plurality of antenna elements are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna array that extends in the horizontal direction.

[0016] Preferably, the range of the first frequency band is defined as 5.1-5.9 GHz, and the range of the second frequency band is defined as 2.4-2.5 GHz.

[0017] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 board material, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is defined as 4.3, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the radiative metal layer is formed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate by an etching process, and the thickness of the radiative metal layer is defined as 35µm;

[0019] The dielectric substrate has the grounding metal layer formed on its lower surface by a copper-cladding process.

[0020] Preferably, the line width of each metal patch in the first loop antenna is defined as 0.28 mm, the side length of the first square frame is 6.61 mm, the long side of the first rectangular frame is 3.52 mm, the short side of the first rectangular frame is 0.83 mm, the width of the first opening and the second opening is 0.55 mm, and the length of the first double-wire connection is 0.28 mm.

[0021] The line width of each metal patch in the second loop antenna is defined as 0.49 mm, the side length of the second square frame is 11.76 mm, the long side of the second rectangular frame is 6.26 mm, the short side of the second rectangular frame is 1.47 mm, the width of the third opening and the fourth opening is 0.98 mm, and the length of the second double-wire connection is 0.49 mm.

[0022] The side length of the grounding metal layer is defined as 16.62 mm.

[0023] Preferably, in the antenna array, the center-to-center distance between adjacent antenna elements is 16.60 mm.

[0024] Based on the same concept, this utility model also provides a communication device, including an antenna structure as described in any one of the above for realizing dual-frequency absorption, for realizing the absorption function of dual-frequency signals.

[0025] Because of the adoption of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] This invention provides an antenna structure and communication device for achieving dual-frequency absorption. The radiating metal layer is provided with a first loop antenna and a second loop antenna. The second loop antenna is sleeved outside the first loop antenna to form a nested resonant structure, which enables the antenna structure to have dual-frequency absorption function. The absorption rate is greater than 90% in both 2G and 5G frequency bands. Moreover, its narrow frequency band characteristics (bandwidth < 200 MHz) can accurately suppress external signal interference. At the same time, the hardware composition of the antenna structure only involves a dielectric substrate, a radiating metal layer and a ground metal layer, without the need for complex multi-layer stacking technology, which effectively reduces the processing complexity and cost of the antenna structure. In addition, in the antenna array, local field modulation can enable the antenna array to absorb electromagnetic wave energy of specific frequency bands, reduce mutual coupling interference between adjacent antenna elements, and improve the isolation between antenna elements from 15 dB to 26 dB. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the grounding metal layer provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of the antenna array structure;

[0030] Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the S-parameter simulation curves for the antenna structure.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1: Antenna array; 2: First loop antenna; 3: Second loop antenna; 4: First square frame; 5: First rectangular frame; 6: First opening; 7: Second opening; 8: First double-wire connection; 9: Second square frame; 10: Second rectangular frame; 11: Third opening; 12: Fourth opening; 13: Second double-wire connection; 14: Grounding metal layer; 15: Antenna array. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides an antenna structure and communication device for achieving dual-frequency absorption according to the present invention. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this application, "multiple sets" means at least two sets, such as two sets, three sets, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0037] First Embodiment

[0038] See Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption, the main structure of which includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating metal layer and a grounding metal layer 14.

[0039] The radiating metal layer is fixed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate and is used to receive or transmit electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency band. The grounding metal layer 14 is fixed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and is used to provide a reference potential for the antenna structure and improve the performance of the antenna.

[0040] At least one set of antenna elements 1 is provided in the radiating metal layer, and the antenna elements 1 include a first loop antenna 2 and a second loop antenna 3.

[0041] The first loop antenna 2 includes a first square frame 4, and each side of the first square frame 4 is provided with a set of first rectangular frames 5. That is, the first loop antenna 2 includes one set of first square frames 4 and four sets of first rectangular frames 5, with the first rectangular frames 5 respectively disposed on the four sides of the first square frame 4. Each side of the first square frame 4 has a first opening 6 at its center, and each of the first rectangular frames 5 has a second opening 7 at its center on the side adjacent to the first square frame 4. The first opening 6 and the second opening 7 are further connected by a first double-wire connection part 8.

[0042] Similarly, the second loop antenna 3 is provided with a second square frame 9, and a set of second rectangular frames 10 is provided on each side of the second square frame 9. That is, the second loop antenna 3 also includes one set of second square frames 9 and four sets of second rectangular frames 10, with the second rectangular frames 10 respectively located on the four sides of the second square frame 9. A third opening 11 is provided at the center of each side of the second square frame 9, and a fourth opening 12 is provided at the center of the side of the second rectangular frame 10 adjacent to the second square frame 9. The third opening 11 and the fourth opening 12 are further connected by a second double-wire connection part 13.

[0043] Among them, the first square frame 4, the first rectangular frame 5, the second square frame 9, the second rectangular frame 10, the first double-line connecting part 8 and the second double-line connecting part 13 are all two-dimensional structures made of metal patches connected by straight lines or broken lines.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3 have different dimensions. According to the electromagnetic wave propagation theory, the two-dimensional dimensions of the metal layer in the antenna structure are inversely proportional to the resonant frequency. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first loop antenna 2 can be used to excite signal resonance for the first frequency band (high frequency), and the second loop antenna 3 can be used to excite signal resonance for the second frequency band (low frequency). By providing two different loop antennas in the radiating metal layer, efficient resonance can be achieved in two different frequency bands in a single antenna element 1, thus satisfying the dual-frequency absorption function. Furthermore, the antenna element 1 has a simple structure, avoiding complex design and assembly processes, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna structure and reducing production costs.

[0045] The specific structure and function of the antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption provided in this embodiment will be described in further detail below:

[0046] Preferably, in one embodiment, since the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3 have different sizes, the second loop antenna 3 is fitted outside the first loop antenna 2, and the center point of the second loop antenna 3 coincides with that of the first loop antenna 2.

[0047] Meanwhile, the grounding metal layer 14 is also a square structure, and the center points of the grounding metal layer 14, the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3 are also arranged coaxially in the vertical direction.

[0048] Different sized loop antennas can support different operating frequencies, and the nested arrangement of the second loop antenna 3 and the first loop antenna 2 effectively reduces the horizontal space occupied by the antenna array 1, enabling dual-frequency absorption within a smaller space. Furthermore, the special structural design of the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3, and their nested arrangement, helps improve the antenna's directivity and gain. In addition, aligning the center points of the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3 with the center point of the grounding metal layer 14, or making them vertically coaxial, effectively reduces mutual coupling interference and parasitic radiation between the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3, further improving the performance of the antenna structure.

[0049] Preferably, in one embodiment, the long side of the first rectangular frame 5 is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the first square frame 4, and the long side of the second rectangular frame 10 is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the second square frame 9.

[0050] In this embodiment, through the special arrangement of the first rectangular frame 5 and the first square frame 4, and the second rectangular frame 10 and the second square frame 9, the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3 can respectively form specific resonance modes, thereby accurately controlling the resonance frequency of the antenna structure and realizing the dual-frequency absorption function. At the same time, this arrangement can further reduce the mutual coupling interference between the first loop antenna 2 and the second loop antenna 3.

[0051] Preferred options, see Figure 3 In one embodiment, a plurality of antenna elements 1 with the same structure are provided in the radiating metal layer, and the plurality of antenna elements 1 are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna array 15 extending in the horizontal direction.

[0052] In this embodiment, by constructing the antenna array 15, the ability to control electromagnetic waves over a large area can be improved, enabling the antenna structure to concentrate radiated energy in a specific direction, thereby significantly improving the antenna gain and overall anti-interference capability.

[0053] Preferably, in one embodiment, the first frequency band ranges from 5.1 to 5.9 GHz, and the second frequency band ranges from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz.

[0054] Preferably, in one embodiment, the dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 board material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is defined as 4.3 and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm. The dielectric substrate can provide physical support for the radiating metal layer and the grounding metal layer 14, maintaining the stability of the antenna structure. At the same time, the dielectric constant and thickness of the dielectric substrate determine the propagation speed, wavelength and radiation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in it. By defining the dielectric constant and thickness parameters of the dielectric substrate, the target resonant frequency of the antenna and the energy loss of the signal during transmission can be further optimized and adjusted.

[0055] Preferably, in one embodiment, a radiating metal layer is formed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate by an etching process, and the thickness of the radiating metal layer is limited to 35µm. The etching process can accurately fabricate complex metal structures (such as patch straight line segments, patch bent line segments, etc.) on the dielectric substrate, which meets the strict dimensional requirements of the antenna structure in the fabrication process, while reducing electromagnetic wave scattering or loss caused by the surface roughness of the metal layer, and ensuring the performance stability of the antenna structure.

[0056] Meanwhile, a grounding metal layer 14 is formed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate through a copper plating process.

[0057] Preferably, in one embodiment, the line width of each metal patch in the first loop antenna 2 is defined as 0.28 mm, the side length of the first square frame 4 is 6.61 mm, the long side of the first rectangular frame 5 is 3.52 mm, the short side of the first rectangular frame 5 is 0.83 mm, the width of the first opening 6 and the second opening 7 is 0.55 mm, and the length of the first double-wire connection portion 8 is 0.28 mm.

[0058] The line width of each metal patch in the second loop antenna 3 is 0.49 mm, the side length of the second square frame 9 is 11.76 mm, the long side of the second rectangular frame 10 is 6.26 mm, the short side of the second rectangular frame 10 is 1.47 mm, the width of the third opening 11 and the fourth opening 12 is 0.98 mm, and the length of the second double-wire connection part 13 is 0.49 mm.

[0059] The side length of the grounding metal layer 14 is defined as 16.62 mm.

[0060] See Figure 4 Based on the S-parameter simulation curve of antenna element 1, it can be seen that in this embodiment, by limiting the shape and size design of antenna element 1, the antenna structure can achieve an absorption rate of 92% in the 2G band and 95% in the 5G band. Moreover, its narrow band characteristics (bandwidth < 200 MHz) can accurately suppress external signal interference, thereby achieving efficient absorption of electromagnetic waves in the target frequency range.

[0061] Preferably, in one embodiment, the center-to-center distance between adjacent antenna elements 1 in the antenna array 15 is 16.60 mm. By limiting the arrangement interval of the antenna elements 1, energy leakage between different antenna elements 1 can be limited, and the coupling phenomenon caused by the interaction of electromagnetic fields between adjacent antenna elements can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency, gain and stability of the antenna array 15. Experiments have verified that in this embodiment, the isolation between adjacent antenna elements 1 can be increased from 15 dB to 26 dB.

[0062] In summary, this embodiment provides an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption. The radiating metal layer is provided with a first loop antenna 2 and a second loop antenna 3. The second loop antenna 3 is sleeved outside the first loop antenna 2 to form a nested resonant structure, which enables the antenna structure to have dual-frequency absorption function. The absorption rate is greater than 90% in both 2G and 5G frequency bands. Moreover, its narrow frequency band characteristics (bandwidth < 200 MHz) can accurately suppress external signal interference. At the same time, the hardware composition of the antenna structure only involves a dielectric substrate, a radiating metal layer, and a ground metal layer 14, without the need for complex multi-layer stacking technology, effectively reducing the processing complexity and cost of the antenna structure. In addition, in the antenna array 15, local field modulation can enable the antenna array 15 to absorb electromagnetic wave energy of a specific frequency band, reduce mutual coupling interference between adjacent antenna elements 1, and optimize the isolation between antenna elements 1.

[0063] Second Embodiment

[0064] Based on the same concept, this embodiment also provides a communication device, including an antenna structure for implementing dual-frequency absorption as described in any one of the first embodiments, for implementing the absorption function of dual-frequency signals.

[0065] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption, characterized in that, include: Dielectric substrate; A radiating metal layer is fixedly disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; The radiating metal layer is provided with an antenna array, which includes a first loop antenna and a second loop antenna; The first loop antenna is provided with a first square frame, and a first rectangular frame is provided on any side of the first square frame. A first opening is provided at the center of any side of the first square frame. A second opening is provided at the center of the side of the first rectangular frame adjacent to the first square frame. The first opening and the second opening are connected by a first double-line connecting part. The second loop antenna is provided with a second square frame, and a second rectangular frame is provided on any side of the second square frame. A third opening is provided at the center of any side of the second square frame. A fourth opening is provided at the center of the side of the second rectangular frame adjacent to the second square frame. The third opening and the fourth opening are connected through a second double-line connecting part. A grounding metal layer is fixedly disposed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; The antenna structure is configured such that the first loop antenna is used to excite signal resonance for a first frequency band, and the second loop antenna is used to excite signal resonance for a second frequency band.

2. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second loop antenna is sleeved outside the first loop antenna, and the center point of the second loop antenna coincides with that of the first loop antenna; The grounding metal layer has a square structure, and the center points of the grounding metal layer, the first loop antenna, and the second loop antenna are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction.

3. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The long side of the first rectangular frame is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the first square frame, and the long side of the second rectangular frame is arranged parallel to the adjacent side of the second square frame.

4. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating metal layer contains several antenna elements with the same structure, and the antenna elements are arranged in a matrix grid to form an antenna array that extends horizontally.

5. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first frequency band is defined as 5.1-5.9 GHz, and the second frequency band is defined as 2.4-2.5 GHz.

6. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is made of FR-4 board material, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is defined as 4.3, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6 mm.

7. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate has the radiative metal layer formed on its upper surface by an etching process, and the thickness of the radiative metal layer is defined as 35µm. The dielectric substrate has the grounding metal layer formed on its lower surface by a copper-cladding process.

8. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The linewidth of each metal patch in the first loop antenna is defined as 0.28 mm, the side length of the first square frame is 6.61 mm, the long side of the first rectangular frame is 3.52 mm, the short side of the first rectangular frame is 0.83 mm, the width of the first opening and the second opening is 0.55 mm, and the length of the first double-wire connection is 0.28 mm. The line width of each metal patch in the second loop antenna is defined as 0.49 mm, the side length of the second square frame is 11.76 mm, the long side of the second rectangular frame is 6.26 mm, the short side of the second rectangular frame is 1.47 mm, the width of the third opening and the fourth opening is 0.98 mm, and the length of the second double-wire connection is 0.49 mm. The side length of the grounding metal layer is defined as 16.62 mm.

9. The antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In the antenna array, the center-to-center distance between adjacent antenna elements is 16.60 mm.

10. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes an antenna structure for achieving dual-frequency absorption as described in any one of claims 1-9, for achieving the absorption function of dual-frequency signals.

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