Monitoring protection circuit for optimizing charging

Abstract

The utility model provides a monitoring protection circuit for optimizing charging. The monitoring protection circuit comprises a main control unit; the charging module is used for controlling on-off charging; the current input branch is connected to a current input pin of the charging module, the current output branch is connected to a switch pin of the charging module, an inductor and an acquisition branch used for acquiring battery information are connected to the current output branch in series, and a field effect transistor is connected to the acquisition branch. A grid electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with a conduction enabling pin used for controlling on-off of the collection branch, a source electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with a battery data collection pin used for outputting electrical values of the battery, and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor is connected with a battery digital data receiving pin, used for collecting the electrical values of the battery, of the main control unit. The charging process of the battery is accurately monitored, and the use efficiency of the battery is optimized on the premise of ensuring safety. The application of coupling of the first capacitor and the second capacitor further improves the anti-interference capability and the signal quality of the circuit, and improves the efficiency and the stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor technology, and specifically relates to a monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging. Background Technology

[0002] Cyclic rechargeable batteries are suitable for use in products, especially those for industrial applications that require periodic recharging. These batteries are in an islanded state and require frequent charging and discharging. The quality of charging and discharging of cyclic rechargeable batteries directly determines their lifespan. Currently, in various integrated products, once the battery reaches its lifespan, the entire device is considered to be aging. Therefore, how to charge the battery with high quality is a very important part of the equipment's life cycle.

[0003] In order to meet the charging and discharging power requirements, the current noise of the charging and discharging circuits provided by the existing technology is often poor and the current smoothness is poor. There has been no improvement or innovation in the ability to smooth and stabilize the current during the charging and discharging process, especially during the charging process. Under the constraint of cost, how to improve the accuracy and stability of the signal and optimize the overall efficiency of the charging circuit has become a difficult problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to address the poor filtering and rectification capabilities of existing charging circuits, thereby providing a monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging, characterized in that it includes...

[0006] Including the main control unit;

[0007] A charging module used to control the on / off state of charging;

[0008] The current input branch is connected to the current input pin of the charging module, and multiple first coupling capacitors for filtering and suppressing noise are connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module.

[0009] The current output branch is connected to the switch pin of the charging module. An inductor is connected in series in the current output branch. Multiple second coupling capacitors for filtering and suppressing noise are connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module.

[0010] The acquisition branch is used to collect battery information. A field-effect transistor is connected to the acquisition branch. The gate of the field-effect transistor is connected to the enable pin used to control the on and off of the acquisition branch. The source of the field-effect transistor is connected to the battery data acquisition pin used to output the electrical values ​​of the battery. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the battery digital data receiving pin used by the main control unit to collect the electrical values ​​of the battery.

[0011] Furthermore, a first polarized capacitor for circuit protection is connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module, and a Zener diode is connected in parallel with the first polarized capacitor. The first coupling capacitor is located at the corresponding line position of the current input branch between the first polarized capacitor and the charging module.

[0012] Furthermore, the charging module has a bootstrap pin, which is connected to the charging module's switch pin via a bootstrap capacitor.

[0013] Furthermore, a second polarity capacitor is connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The second polarity capacitor is located between the second coupling capacitor and the power supply terminal of the current output branch.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple voltage divider resistors are connected in series between the ground pins of the charging module, which supplies current to the battery, in the current output branch. A voltage divider capacitor is connected in parallel across the voltage divider resistors, and the voltage divider capacitor is connected to the voltage feedback port, which receives the output voltage divider signal.

[0015] Furthermore, the enable pin is connected to the base of the transistor, the collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the emitter of the transistor is grounded.

[0016] Furthermore, a first matching resistor and a first current-stabilizing capacitor are connected in parallel between the gate and source of the field-effect transistor, a second matching resistor and a third matching resistor are connected in series between the drain of the field-effect transistor, the second current-stabilizing capacitor is connected in parallel with the third matching resistor, and the third matching resistor and the second current-stabilizing capacitor are grounded.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. The current input and current output branches have been redesigned. In addition to conventional impedance matching, multiple coupling capacitors have been added. The use of multiple coupling capacitors optimizes signal transmission, filtering, and noise suppression, which can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high-frequency noise, and ensure the accuracy and stability of the signal.

[0019] 2. Zener diodes are used in the current input branch to provide effective reverse voltage protection, overvoltage protection, and overcurrent protection. When the voltage or current exceeds the safety threshold, these protection functions will respond quickly, cutting off the current or adjusting the operating state, thereby preventing circuit damage or overheating.

[0020] 3. An additional data acquisition branch has been added. This branch can collect battery electrical information under controllable conditions, facilitating external systems to switch charging modes, such as adjusting to a low-power mode to reduce energy consumption. This ensures the battery is always in an optimal charging state, avoiding overcharging or over-discharging and extending battery life.

[0021] 4. The system provided in this solution precisely monitors the battery charging process through the collaboration of multiple protection mechanisms, optimizing battery efficiency while ensuring safety. Simultaneously, the application of the first and second capacitor coupling circuits further enhances the circuit's anti-interference capability and signal quality, ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the entire battery management system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 The circuit diagram shows the current input branch, the charging module, and the current output branch.

[0023] Figure 2 To collect route maps of branch roads;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a wiring diagram between the main control unit, the charging module, and the acquisition branch. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-3 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] A monitoring and protection circuit for optimized charging is provided, including a main control unit, which is a controller chip, such as LAN7500-ABZJ, a multi-pin logic controller with signal transmission and reception and enable / disable functions, and a battery unit that powers the main control unit.

[0027] Among them, the circuit part designed to protect the charging of the battery cell includes a charging module for controlling the charging on and off. The charging module is also a logic controller unit with acquisition and judgment capabilities. It has a ground pin GND, a bootstrap pin BS, an on / off pin SW, a current input pin IN, a voltage feedback pin FB, and an enable pin EN. The charging module can also be a multi-pin logic controller with the above modules, such as the STM8S003F3P6TR.

[0028] Combination Figure 1 The circuit structure used to implement charging protection is as follows: the current input branch is connected to the current input pin IN of the charging module, and multiple first coupling capacitors for filtering and suppressing noise are connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The first input coupling capacitor C16, the second input coupling capacitor C17, and the third input coupling capacitor C18 are shown in the figure. The current input branch is connected to the current input pin and the enable pin EN through a fixed resistor.

[0029] A first polarity capacitor C14 for circuit protection is connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module. A Zener diode D4 is connected in parallel with the first polarity capacitor C14. The first coupling capacitor is located at the corresponding line position of the current input branch between the first polarity capacitor C14 and the charging module.

[0030] The current output branch is connected to the charging module's switch pin. An inductor L1 is connected in series in the current output branch. A pre-fixed resistor R6 and a current-regulating capacitor C10 are connected in series and grounded between the inductor L1 and the charging module. Multiple second coupling capacitors for filtering and noise suppression are connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module. Figure 1 The middle part contains the second output coupling capacitor C11 and the second output coupling capacitor C12;

[0031] A second polarity capacitor C15 is connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The second polarity capacitor C15 is located between the second coupling capacitor and the power supply terminal of the current output branch.

[0032] Multiple voltage divider resistors R7 are connected in series between the ground pin of the charging module, which is used to supply current to the battery in the current output branch. A voltage divider capacitor C13 is connected in parallel across the voltage divider resistors. The voltage divider capacitor C13 is connected to the voltage feedback pin FB of the charging module, which is used to receive the output voltage divider signal.

[0033] The part used to control the on / off state of the current output branch is that the charging module has a bootstrap pin, which is connected to the switching pin of the charging module through the bootstrap capacitor C8. The bootstrap pin provides a drive voltage to ensure that the on / off pin SW is turned on.

[0034] The structure of the acquisition branch used to acquire battery voltage values ​​is as follows: as a supplement, the battery data acquisition module also has an enable pin BAT_CHECK_EN and a battery data acquisition pin BAT, and the main control unit has a battery digital data receiving pin BAT_ADC.

[0035] The enable pin of the data acquisition module is connected to the base of transistor Q2 through the fourth matching resistor R16. The input terminal of the fourth matching resistor R16 is grounded through the protection resistor R15. The collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the emitter of the transistor is grounded. A field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the acquisition branch. The gate of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the enable pin of the main control unit. The gate of the field-effect transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2 through the fifth matching resistor R11. The source of the field-effect transistor is connected to the battery digital data receiving pin BAT_ADC, which is used to output the electrical values ​​of the battery. The drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to the battery data acquisition pin BAT of the main control unit, which is used to collect battery data.

[0036] A first matching resistor R10 and a first current-stabilizing capacitor C13 are connected in parallel between the gate and source of the field-effect transistor (FET). A second matching resistor R12 and a third matching resistor R13 are connected in series between the drain of the FET. A second current-stabilizing capacitor C14 is connected in parallel with the third matching resistor. The third matching resistor R13 and the second current-stabilizing capacitor C14 are grounded. During use, the enable pin EN of the charging module is energized and conducts the current input pin IN of the charging module. After the current input branch is connected to the current input pin IN of the charging module, the current enters and is rectified and filtered by the first coupling capacitor in the path to absorb overfrequency noise. At this time, the Zener diode D4 protects the electronic equipment from transient voltage surges and provides overvoltage protection. The bootstrap pin of the charging module pulls up the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor C8, and the switch pin of the charging module conducts to output current to VIN. At the VIN terminal, the battery is charged. The negative terminal of the battery is connected to the ground pin GND of the charging module. During the output process, the inductor L1 further stores and rectifies the current, providing a freewheeling path, maintaining the continuity of the current and transferring energy. The fixed resistor R6 and the current-stabilizing capacitor C10 filter and compensate for the current. The second coupling capacitor further optimizes the transmission, ensures signal filtering and suppresses noise, thus effectively reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high-frequency noise, and improving the accuracy and stability of the signal. During this process, the voltage divider resistor R7 can pick up the port voltage and voltage value and synchronize it to the voltage divider capacitor C13. The voltage divider capacitor C13 is connected to the voltage feedback pin FB, which receives the output voltage divider signal, to synchronize the port voltage and voltage value back to the charging module for judgment. The charging module will adopt different charging modes according to the voltage value.

[0037] During this process, the sampling section will turn on the enable pin BAT_CHECK_EN to provide a forward voltage to the base of transistor Q2, thus forward biasing transistor Q2. After amplification, the current is generated as collector current. The collector voltage acts on the gate of the control field-effect transistor, controlling the conduction between the drain and source of the control field-effect transistor. The battery data acquisition pin BAT signal is rectified and matched before being output to the main control unit, which has a battery digital data receiving pin BAT_ADC. The main control unit automatically performs analog-to-digital conversion before receiving the signal.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging, characterized in that, include Main control unit; A charging module used to control the on / off state of charging; The current input branch is connected to the current input pin of the charging module, and multiple first coupling capacitors for filtering and suppressing noise are connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The current output branch is connected to the switch pin of the charging module. An inductor is connected in series in the current output branch. Multiple second coupling capacitors for filtering and suppressing noise are connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The acquisition branch is used to collect battery information. A field-effect transistor (FET) is connected to the acquisition branch. The gate of the FET is connected to the enable pin used to control the on / off state of the acquisition branch. The source of the FET is connected to the battery data acquisition pin used to output the electrical values ​​of the battery. The drain of the FET is connected to the battery digital data receiving pin used by the main control unit to collect the electrical values ​​of the battery.

2. The monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first polarized capacitor for circuit protection is connected in parallel between the current input branch and the ground pin of the charging module. A Zener diode is connected in parallel with the first polarized capacitor. The first coupling capacitor is located at the corresponding line position of the current input branch between the first polarized capacitor and the charging module.

3. The monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging module has a bootstrap pin, which is connected to the charging module's switch pin via a bootstrap capacitor.

4. The monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second polarity capacitor is connected in parallel between the power supply terminal of the current output branch and the ground pin of the charging module. The second polarity capacitor is located between the second coupling capacitor and the power supply terminal of the current output branch.

5. A monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple voltage divider resistors are connected in series between the ground pin of the charging module, which supplies current to the battery, in the current output branch. A voltage divider capacitor is connected in parallel across the voltage divider resistors. The voltage divider capacitor is connected to the voltage feedback port, which receives the output voltage divider signal.

6. The monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned enable pin is connected to the base of the transistor, the collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the emitter of the transistor is grounded.

7. A monitoring and protection circuit for optimizing charging according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first matching resistor and a first current-stabilizing capacitor are connected in parallel between the gate and source of the field-effect transistor. A second matching resistor and a third matching resistor are connected in series between the drain of the field-effect transistor. The second current-stabilizing capacitor is connected in parallel with the third matching resistor. The third matching resistor and the second current-stabilizing capacitor are grounded.

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