Weighing type lysimeter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil moisture monitoring, and discloses a weighing type lysimeter which comprises a cultivation box, a weighing sensor and a controller, a supporting frame is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation box, a lifting mechanism used for driving the cultivation box to move up and down is arranged on the supporting frame, and the weighing sensor is located between the lifting mechanism and the cultivation box. A seepage collecting barrel communicated with an inner cavity of the cultivation box is arranged at the bottom of one side of the cultivation box, a drainage valve is arranged at the bottom of the seepage collecting barrel, a drip irrigation pipe is arranged at the top of the cultivation box and connected with a water inlet valve, and the weighing sensor, the water inlet valve and the drainage valve are electrically connected with a controller. According to the lysimeter, water can be automatically supplemented to the lysimeter and leaked water can be discharged, different cultivation boxes can be conveniently replaced for monitoring according to different scenes, and the lysimeter is high in monitoring precision, long in service life and easy and convenient to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil moisture monitoring technology, and in particular to a weighing lysimeter. Background Technology

[0002] my country has limited freshwater resources and insufficient water for agricultural irrigation, making water-saving irrigation crucial for agriculture and forestry. Lysimeters can monitor the effective irrigation volume of plants in real time, measuring parameters such as plant water absorption, soil water holding capacity, and soil infiltration.

[0003] The working principle of a lysimeter is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that the decrease in soil moisture is equal to the sum of evaporation and infiltration. The lysimeter monitors the weight change of a soil column through a weighing system, thereby calculating the amount of water evaporation and infiltration.

[0004] Existing lysimeters cannot automatically replenish water; they are mainly replenished by manual irrigation. This is cumbersome, and the amount and speed of water replenishment cannot be controlled. The drainage of leaking water also requires manual intervention. Furthermore, the weighing sensor of the lysimeter is always under pressure, which makes it prone to fatigue, shortens its service life, and makes replacement and maintenance inconvenient, thus affecting the accuracy and lifespan of the measurement. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a weighing lysimeter that can automatically replenish water and drain leaked water. It can also be easily replaced with different cultivation boxes for monitoring according to different scenarios. The lysimeter has high monitoring accuracy, long service life and is easy to maintain.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A weighing lysimeter includes a cultivation box, a weighing sensor, and a controller. The bottom of the cultivation box is provided with a support frame, and the support frame is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the cultivation box to move up and down. The weighing sensor is located between the lifting mechanism and the cultivation box. A permeate collection bucket communicating with its inner cavity is provided on the bottom of one side of the cultivation box. A drain valve is provided at the bottom of the permeate collection bucket. A drip irrigation pipe is provided on the top of the cultivation box, and the drip irrigation pipe is connected to a water inlet valve. The weighing sensor, the water inlet valve, and the drain valve are electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] In the aforementioned weighing evaporator, the top of the support frame is provided with a tray, and the bottom of the cultivation box abuts against the upper surface of the tray.

[0009] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, the support frame includes four support legs, with a support frame fixedly connected to the top of each of the four support legs. A support plate, fixedly connected to the support legs, is located below the support frame. The lifting mechanism includes four lifters mounted on the support plate, with each of the four lifters located below the four corners of the tray. The weighing sensor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the push rod of the lifter. When the lifting mechanism drives the tray upward to detach from the support frame, the top of the weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the tray.

[0010] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, a front reducer is provided between the two lifting devices on the front side of the support plate, and a rear reducer is provided between the two lifting devices on the rear side of the support plate; a transmission rod is connected between the front reducer and the rear reducer, and the two sides of the front reducer are respectively connected to the two lifting devices on the front side of the support plate via transmission rods, and the two sides of the rear reducer are respectively connected to the two lifting devices on the rear side of the support plate via transmission rods.

[0011] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, a stabilizing slat is provided between two adjacent lifting devices, and the two adjacent stabilizing slats are fixedly connected and form a rectangle. The top of the push rod of the lifting device is rotatably connected to the stabilizing slat, and the weighing sensor is fixedly connected above the stabilizing slat and corresponds to the push rod of the lifting device.

[0012] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, positioning blocks are fixed to the four corners of the bottom of the tray. Four sliding screws are threaded around the weighing sensor on the stabilizing slats. The tops of the sliding screws are screwed to the positioning blocks, and the sliding screws can slide up and down on the stabilizing slats. The bottom of the positioning blocks has positioning holes that are compatible with the weighing sensor.

[0013] In the aforementioned weighing evaporator, the bottom inner side of the cultivation box is provided with a water-guiding plate that is inclined toward the evaporation collection bucket, and the water-guiding plate is sealed to the inner wall of the cultivation box.

[0014] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, a sand and gravel filter layer is laid on the water inlet plate.

[0015] In the aforementioned weighing evaporator, a seepage pipe is provided at the lowest point of the water inlet plate, connecting the inner cavity of the cultivation box and the seepage collection bucket, and a filter screen is provided at the inlet of the seepage pipe.

[0016] In the aforementioned weighing lysimeter, the top of the cultivation box is open and connected to the outside, and the cultivation box contains soil in which plants are grown.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The utility model discloses a cultivation box's bottom is equipped with support frame, is equipped with the lifting mechanism for driving cultivation box up and down on support frame, weighing sensor is located between lifting mechanism and cultivation box, and the bottom of cultivation box one side is equipped with with its inner chamber intercommunication's percolation collection barrel, and the bottom of percolation collection barrel is equipped with drain valve, and cultivation box top is equipped with drip irrigation pipe, and drip irrigation pipe connects inlet valve, and weighing sensor, inlet valve and drain valve are electrically connected with controller respectively. The osmosis instrument can realize the up and down movement of cultivation box relative to support frame through lifting mechanism, when cultivation box is moved upward and pushes away support frame by lifting mechanism, weight sensor and cultivation box abut, realize the weighing of cultivation box, when lifting mechanism moves downward, can make cultivation box abut on support frame, and weighing sensor and cultivation box are separated, avoid weighing sensor still bears the gravity of cultivation box in the non - working condition, reduce the fatigue degree of weighing sensor, improve the detection accuracy and service life of weighing sensor, also convenient for the replacement and maintenance of weighing sensor.

[0019] By setting up water diversion board and sandstone filter layer on the bottom of cultivation box, and the inlet of percolation pipe is also equipped with filter screen, can make percolation flow to percolation collection barrel, and sandstone filter layer and filter screen can filter impurities, guarantee clean percolation to enter percolation collection barrel smoothly and quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the partial sectional view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic view of support frame, lifting mechanism and tray of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the exploded structure schematic view of lifting mechanism and tray on support frame of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the exploded structure schematic view of support frame and lifting mechanism of the utility model.

[0024] Fig. 1, cultivation box;11, water diversion board;12, sandstone filter layer;2, weighing sensor;3, support frame;31, support leg;32, support frame;33, support plate;4, lifting mechanism;41, lifter;42, front reducer;43, rear reducer;44, transmission rod;45, stable batten;5, percolation collection barrel;51, percolation pipe;511, filter screen;52, drain valve;6, drip irrigation pipe;7, tray;71, positioning block;8, soil;9, plant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following combines the drawings Figures 1-4 Make further detailed description to the utility model.

[0026] The utility model provides a kind of weighing type lysimeter, including cultivation box 1, weighing sensor 2 and controller, the bottom of cultivation box 1 is equipped with support frame 3, support frame 3 is equipped with lifting mechanism 4 for driving cultivation box 1 up and down movement, weighing sensor 2 is located between lifting mechanism 4 and cultivation box 1, the bottom of cultivation box 1 side is equipped with with its inner cavity communication percolation collection barrel 5, cultivation box 1 top is equipped with drip irrigation pipe 6, drip irrigation pipe 6 connects water inlet valve, the bottom of percolation collection barrel 5 is equipped with drain valve 52, weighing sensor 2, water inlet valve and drain valve 52 are electrically connected with controller respectively.

[0027] Cultivation box 1 adopts upper opening, hollow cuboid structure, drip irrigation pipe 6 sets two and along the plant two sides in cultivation box 1 parallel arrangement, water inlet valve can control the irrigation amount flowing into cultivation box 1, cultivation box 1 adopts steel sheet welding, inner wall does anticorrosion treatment.

[0028] Controller can control the irrigation amount of drip irrigation pipe 6 by controlling the flow size and time of water inlet valve, controller controls drain valve 52 to open at set time, can realize the discharge of percolation in percolation collection barrel 5 and the weighing of percolation.The setting can realize that lysimeter carries out automatic drip irrigation and discharges leakage water, reduces the labor intensity of artificial operation.

[0029] In an embodiment, in order to facilitate the replacement of different cultivation box 1 to carry out monitoring, support frame 3 is equipped with tray 7 between cultivation box 1, tray 7 is rectangular, tray 7 is located at the top of support frame 3, and the bottom of cultivation box 1 abuts against the upper surface of tray 7.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-4 Support frame 3 includes four vertical support legs 31, the top of four support legs 31 is fixedly connected with support frame 32, and support plate 33 fixedly connected with support legs 31 is arranged below support frame 32; lifting mechanism 4 includes four lifters 41 arranged on support plate 33, the four lifters 41 can be screw rod lifters, and the four lifters 41 are respectively located below the four corners of tray 7; weighing sensor 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the push rod of lifter 41; before use, the top points of the four push rods of the four lifters 41 are adjusted to be located in the same plane, so that the four weighing sensors 2 are also located in the same plane, the four weighing sensors 2 can abut against the bottom surface of tray 7 at the same time, the stability of cultivation box 1 is improved, and the weighing accuracy is improved; a gap is arranged on support frame 32, so that the push rod of lifter 41 can pass through the gap on support frame 32, the purpose of lifting tray 7 or placing tray 7 on support frame 3 is achieved; when the push rod of lifter 41 moves upward and pushes tray 7 upward away from support frame 3, the top of weighing sensor 2 abuts against the bottom of tray 7 at this time, weighing sensor 2 transmits weight information to the controller, and real-time acquisition and analysis of weight data are realized.

[0031] As shown in Figure 3 , 4As shown, in an embodiment, in order to ensure that the heights of the four lifters 41 can be adjusted synchronously, a front decelerator 42 is arranged between the two lifters 41 on the front side of the support plate 33, and a rear decelerator 43 is arranged between the two lifters 41 on the rear side of the support plate 33; the transmission rod 44 is drivingly connected between the front decelerator 42 and the rear decelerator 43, the two sides of the front decelerator 42 are respectively drivingly connected with the transmission rod 44 of the two lifters 41 on the front side of the support plate 33, and the two sides of the rear decelerator 43 are respectively drivingly connected with the transmission rod 44 of the two lifters 41 on the rear side of the support plate 33.

[0032] When the lifting mechanism 4 is working, the front decelerator 42 can be driven to rotate, the front decelerator 42 drives the rear decelerator 43 to rotate synchronously through the transmission rod, the front decelerator 42 drives the two lifters 41 on the front side to synchronously ascend and descend through the transmission rod 44, and the rear decelerator 43 drives the two lifters 41 on the rear side to synchronously ascend and descend through the transmission rod 44, so as to realize the consistency of the four lifters 41, and ensure the balance stability of the cultivation box 1 and the balance of the force received by the weighing sensor 2.

[0033] In order to ensure the stability of the four lifters 41, a stable batten 45 is arranged between the two adjacent lifters 41, the two adjacent stable battens 45 are fixedly connected and enclose a rectangle, the top of the push rod of the lifter 41 is rotationally connected with the stable batten 45, and the weighing sensor 2 is fixedly connected above the stable batten 45 and corresponds to the push rod of the lifter 41.

[0034] In order to prevent the horizontal sliding of the tray 7 when the lifting mechanism 4 lifts the tray 7, the bottom of the tray 7 is fixedly connected with a positioning block 71, four sliding screws are arranged on the stable batten 45 and surround the weighing sensor 2, the top of the sliding screw is screwed with the bottom of the positioning block 71, the sliding screw can slide up and down on the stable batten 45, and through the four sliding screws arranged on the stable batten 45 and surrounding the weighing sensor 2, the stable batten 45 can slide up and down on the four sliding screws, and the horizontal deviation between the tray 7 and the stable batten 45 can be avoided, so as to ensure the stability of the cultivation box 1; the bottom of the positioning block 71 is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning hole is matched with the weighing sensor 2.

[0035] When the push rod of the lifter 41 is lifted, the push rod of the lifter 41 drives the stable batten 45 to slide up on the sliding screw, the weighing sensor 2 is embedded in the positioning hole of the positioning block 71 and abuts against the top of the positioning hole, along with the lifting of the push rod of the lifter 41, the tray 7 is lifted away from the support frame 32, and the weighing sensor 2 can transmit the weight information to the controller in real time, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the change of the water irrigation amount in the cultivation box 1.

[0036] When the monitoring or maintenance of the lifting mechanism 4 and the weighing sensor 2 is not needed, the push rod of the lifter 41 can be lowered, the stable batten 45 can slide downward along the sliding screw, the top of the weighing sensor 2 is separated from the top of the positioning hole, the lifting force of the weighing sensor 2 on the tray 7 is released, and the bottom of the tray 7 abuts against the support frame 32. When the lysimeter is not used, the weighing sensor 2 releases the gravity of the tray 7 and the cultivation box 1, the service life of the weighing sensor 2 is prolonged, and the weighing accuracy of the weighing sensor 2 is improved.

[0037] In order to ensure that the infiltrated water in the cultivation box 1 can flow smoothly into the infiltration collection barrel 5, the inner bottom of the cultivation box 1 is provided with a water guide plate 11 inclined to the direction of the infiltration collection barrel 5, and the periphery of the water guide plate 11 is sealingly connected with the inner side wall of the cultivation box 1. The inclined water guide plate 11 can collect the infiltrated water to one side of the collection barrel, and the side wall of the cultivation box 1 and the upper surface of the water guide plate 11 are coated with a corrosion-resistant coating.

[0038] In order to prevent the soil 8 in the cultivation box 1 from entering the infiltration collection barrel 5 with the infiltrated water, a sandstone filter layer 12 is laid on the water guide plate 11. By arranging the sandstone filter layer 12, it is ensured that the infiltrated water in the cultivation box 1 can uniformly infiltrate and drain into the infiltration collection barrel 5 and that the infiltrated water is clean.

[0039] The lowest point of the water guide plate 11 is provided with an infiltration pipe 51 communicating the inner cavity of the cultivation box 1 with the infiltration collection barrel 5, and a filter screen 511 is arranged at the inlet of the infiltration pipe 51. The filter screen 511 can filter the sandstone from entering the infiltration collection barrel 5, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the infiltrated water.

[0040] The amount of water irrigated into the cultivation box 1 can be monitored by the weighing sensor 2, and the infiltrated water in the infiltration collection barrel 5 can be discharged through the drain valve 52, so as to realize the weighing of the amount of infiltrated water.

[0041] Total water holding capacity of plants and soil = lysimeter weight after irrigation - lysimeter weight before irrigation - amount of infiltrated water;

[0042] Total evapotranspiration amount of aboveground part = irrigation amount - amount of infiltrated water - total water holding capacity of plants and soil.

[0043] The lysimeter can realize the monitoring of the effective irrigation amount of plants, and can also be used for real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of the total water holding capacity of plants and soil and the dynamic changes of the evapotranspiration amount of aboveground part.

[0044] The top of the cultivation box 1 is open and communicates with the outside, the upper opening of the cultivation box 1 can be covered with a waterproof cloth to prevent water evaporation, the cultivation box 1 is provided with soil 8, and the plants 9 are planted in the soil 8.

[0045] The lysimeter of the embodiment can be arranged indoors, outdoors or in a basement according to the volume, when the volume is small, it can be arranged indoors or outdoors, and when the volume is large, it can be arranged in a basement for convenience of monitoring.

[0046] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model, so that: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A weighing type lysimeter comprising a cultivation box, a weighing sensor, and a controller, characterized by, The bottom of the cultivation box is provided with a support frame, the support frame is provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the cultivation box to move up and down, the weighing sensor is located between the lifting mechanism and the cultivation box, the bottom of one side of the cultivation box is provided with a percolate collecting barrel in communication with the inner cavity of the cultivation box, the bottom of the percolate collecting barrel is provided with a drain valve, the top of the cultivation box is provided with a drip irrigation pipe, the drip irrigation pipe is connected with a water inlet valve, and the weighing sensor, the water inlet valve and the drain valve are electrically connected with the controller respectively.

2. A weighing-type osmometer according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the support frame is provided with a tray, and the bottom of the cultivation box abuts against the upper surface of the tray.

3. A weighing-type osmometer according to claim 2, wherein The support frame comprises four support legs, the top of each of the four support legs is fixedly connected with a support frame, and the lower portion of the support frame is provided with a support plate fixedly connected with the support legs; the lifting mechanism comprises four lifters arranged on the support plate, the four lifters are located below the four corners of the tray respectively, the weighing sensor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the push rod of the lifter, and when the lifting mechanism drives the tray to fall off the support frame upward, the top of the weighing sensor abuts against the bottom of the tray.

4. A weighing-type osmometer according to claim 3, wherein Two lifters on the front side of the support plate are provided with a front decelerator therebetween, and two lifters on the rear side of the support plate are provided with a rear decelerator therebetween; the transmission rod is in transmission connection between the front decelerator and the rear decelerator, the transmission rod is in transmission connection between the two sides of the front decelerator and the two lifters on the front side of the support plate respectively, and the transmission rod is in transmission connection between the two sides of the rear decelerator and the two lifters on the rear side of the support plate respectively.

5. The load-out still according to claim 3, wherein, Two adjacent lifters are provided with a stable batten therebetween, two adjacent stable battens are fixedly connected and enclose a rectangle, the push rod of the lifter is in rotation connection with the stable batten at the top, and the weighing sensor is fixedly connected above the stable batten and corresponds to the push rod of the lifter.

6. The weighable osmometer according to claim 5, wherein The bottom of the tray is fixedly connected with positioning blocks at four corners, four sliding screws are arranged around the weighing sensor on the stable batten, the top of the sliding screw is screwed with the positioning block, the sliding screw can slide up and down on the stable batten, and the bottom of the positioning block is provided with a positioning hole matched with the weighing sensor.

7. The load-out still according to claim 1, wherein, The inner bottom of the cultivation box is provided with a water guide plate inclined to the percolate collecting barrel, and the periphery of the water guide plate is in sealing connection with the inner side wall of the cultivation box.

8. The load-out still according to claim 7, wherein, The water guide plate is paved with a gravel filter layer.

9. The load-out still according to claim 7, wherein, The lowest point of the water guide plate is provided with a percolation pipe in communication with the inner cavity of the cultivation box and the percolate collecting barrel, and the inlet of the percolation pipe is provided with a filter screen.

10. The weighable osmometer according to claim 1, wherein The top of the cultivation box is open and in communication with the outside, the cultivation box is provided with soil, and plants are planted in the soil.

Images