Cutter fixing device and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutter fixing device and a tunneling machine, and belongs to the field of tunneling equipment. The tool fixing device comprises a device body and a fastener installed on the device body and used for fixing a tool, and further comprises a pressure detection structure, the pressure detection structure comprises an installation base, a signal processing module and a signal transmitting module, the installation base is pressed by the fastener and fixed to the device body, and the signal processing module is connected with the signal transmitting module. A pressure sensor used for detecting the pressure of the fastener and transmitting a detected pressure signal to the signal processing module is arranged on the mounting base, the signal processing module is used for processing the signal and transmitting the processed signal to the transmitting module, and the transmitting module is used for transmitting the processed signal out. The heading machine comprises the cutter fixing device. According to the utility model, whether the fastener is loosened or not is judged by detecting the pressure change of the fastener, so that constructors can take fastening measures on the loosened fastener in time, and accidents are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment, in particular, relate to a cutter fixing device and tunnel boring machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The full-face tunnel boring machine uses the rotating cutter head at the front end to break rocks, and a plurality of rolling cutters are installed on the cutter head.

[0003] The rolling cutter is installed on the cutter head through a special structure, for example, the rolling cutter device for fixing the TBM rolling cutter disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN220434756U, which includes a cutter seat, a wedge-shaped locking block, a locking screw, a locking nut, and a movable gasket (i.e., a tensioning block). The cutter shaft of the rolling cutter is installed at one end of the cutter seat, the wedge-shaped block cooperates with the cutter seat to compress the cutter shaft of the rolling cutter, one end of the locking screw is connected with the wedge-shaped block and used to tighten the wedge-shaped block, the other end of the locking screw passes through the movable gasket at the other end of the cutter seat and is threadedly connected with the locking nut, and after the locking nut is tightened, the locking screw can tighten the wedge-shaped block to fix the rolling cutter.

[0004] When the rolling cutter works, it will generate a lot of vibration, which is transmitted along the locking screw to the locking nut, which can easily cause the locking nut to loosen. The loosening state of the locking nut is difficult for the construction personnel to know in time, and thus the loosened cutter cannot be tightened in time. After the locking nut loosens, the rolling cutter is prone to eccentric wear and damage, and in severe cases, safety accidents may occur. Similar problems also exist for other cutters used on the tunnel boring machine, such as the insert cutter, which are fixed by using fasteners such as bolts and nuts. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a cutter fixing device to solve the technical problem that the construction personnel cannot know the loosening of the fastener for fixing the cutter in time, and thus the loosened cutter cannot be tightened in time.

[0006] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a tunnel boring machine to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the cutter fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0008] A cutter fixing device comprises a device body and a fastener for fixing a cutter installed on the device body, and further comprises a pressure detection structure, which comprises a mounting base, a signal processing module and a signal transmitting module, the mounting base is pressed and fixed on the device body by the fastener, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the fastener and transmitting the detected pressure signal to the signal processing module is arranged on the mounting base, the signal processing module is used for processing the signal and transmitting the processed signal to the transmitting module, and the transmitting module is used for transmitting the processed signal.

[0009] As a further improvement, the mounting base is provided with a through hole for cooperating with the fastener to fix the mounting base on the device body, and the pressure sensor is arranged within the range covered by the fastener near the through hole.

[0010] As a further improvement, the pressure sensor is annular and arranged around the through hole.

[0011] As a further improvement, the pressure sensor is point-shaped and arranged around the through hole.

[0012] As a further improvement, at least one side of the mounting base in the thickness direction is provided with a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is arranged at least at the position covered by the fastener.

[0013] As a further improvement, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are arranged on both sides of the through hole on the mounting base, and a groove-shaped structure capable of accommodating the fastener is formed between the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module.

[0014] As a further improvement, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are each provided with a housing for protecting the internal elements, and the height dimensions and the width dimensions of the housings of the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are equal.

[0015] As a further improvement, the signal processing module is provided with a communication interface capable of plugging a communication line.

[0016] As a further improvement, the device body is provided with a support matching surface for cooperating with a support for supporting the fastener, the mounting base is located between the support matching surface and the fastener, and the profile of the mounting base does not exceed the profile of the support matching surface.

[0017] The beneficial effect is that the cutter fixing device is an improvement on the prior art.

[0018] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the tunneling machine provided by the utility model is:

[0019] A tunneling machine comprises a tunneling main machine and a cutter fixing device arranged on the tunneling main machine, the cutter fixing device comprises a device main body and a fastener for fixing a cutter arranged on the device main body, and further comprises a pressure detection structure, the pressure detection structure comprises a mounting base, a signal processing module and a signal transmitting module, the mounting base is pressed and fixed on the device main body by the fastener, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the fastener and transmitting the detected pressure signal to the signal processing module is arranged on the mounting base, the signal processing module is used for processing the signal and transmitting the processed signal to the transmitting module, and the transmitting module is used for transmitting the processed signal.

[0020] As a further improvement, the mounting base is provided with a through hole for cooperating with the fastener to fix the mounting base on the device main body, and the pressure sensor is arranged in a range covered by the fastener near the through hole.

[0021] As a further improvement, the pressure sensor is annular and arranged around the through hole.

[0022] As a further improvement, the pressure sensor is point-shaped and arranged around the through hole.

[0023] As a further improvement, at least one side of the mounting base in the thickness direction is provided with a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is arranged at least at a position covered by the fastener.

[0024] As a further improvement, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are arranged on two sides of the through hole on the mounting base, and a groove-shaped structure capable of accommodating the fastener is formed between the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module.

[0025] As a further improvement, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are each provided with a housing for protecting internal elements, and the height dimensions and the width dimensions of the housings of the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are equal.

[0026] As a further improvement, a communication interface is provided on the signal processing module, which can be plugged with a communication line.

[0027] As a further improvement, a support mating surface for supporting the fastener is provided on the device body, and the mounting base is located between the support mating surface and the fastener, and the profile of the mounting base does not exceed the profile of the support mating surface.

[0028] The beneficial effect is that the tunneling machine provided by the utility model is an improvement on the prior art. The cutter fixing device of the tunneling machine is provided with a pressure detection structure for detecting the fastening pressure of the fastener. The pressure detection structure can monitor the pressure change of the fastener in real time and transmit data so as to facilitate the real-time monitoring of the construction personnel. When the fastener is loose, the pressure of the fastener on the mounting base will decrease. The construction personnel can know the loosening condition of the fastener on the corresponding cutter fixing device in time according to the change of the pressure value, so that measures can be taken on site to avoid more serious problems caused by the long-term loosening of the fastener. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of embodiment 1 of the cutter fixing device in the utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the pressure detection structure in embodiment 1 of the cutter fixing device in the utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of embodiment 2 of the cutter fixing device in the utility model.

[0032] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] 1, cutter seat; 2, locking screw; 3, locking nut; 4, tensioning block; 5, pressure detection structure; 51, mounting base; 52, signal processing module; 53, signal transmitting module; 54, perforation; 55, pressure sensor; 6, hob; 7, sliding box; 8, cutter; 9, driving oil cylinder; 10, pin shaft; 11, hinged lug seat; 12, fixed block; 13, bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The utility model will be described in further detail in combination with embodiments.

[0035] To solve the problems in the prior art, the basic idea of the utility model is to determine whether the fastener is loose by detecting the pressure change of the fastener.

[0036] The specific embodiment 1 of the cutter fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0037] The cutter fixing device in the embodiment is used for fixing the hob, and the cutter fixing device is as shown inFigure 1 The tool fixing device comprises a tool seat 1, a wedge-shaped locking block, a locking screw 2, a locking nut 3 and a tensioning block 4. The locking screw 2 is arranged in the tool seat 1, the wedge-shaped locking block is connected to one end of the locking screw 2, and the wedge-shaped locking block is used to press the tool shaft of the hob 6 in cooperation with the tool seat 1. The pressing force of the tool shaft is provided by the locking screw 2. The tensioning block 4 is located at the end of the tool seat 1 away from the wedge-shaped locking block. The tensioning block 4 is provided with an opening through which the locking screw 2 passes. After the locking screw 2 passes through the opening, the locking screw 2 is connected with the locking nut 3 through threads. The tensioning block 4 is lapped on the tool seat 1 and provides support for the locking nut 3.

[0038] In this embodiment, the locking screw 2 and the locking nut 3 constitute a fastener, and the tool seat 1, the wedge-shaped locking block and the tensioning block 4 constitute a device main body.

[0039] The tool fixing device further comprises a pressure detection structure 5, as shown in FIG. 2. Figure 2 The pressure detection structure 5 comprises a mounting base 51, a signal processing module 52 and a signal transmitting module 53. The mounting base 51 is plate-shaped and clamped between the locking nut 3 and the tensioning block 4. When the locking nut 3 is locked, it will produce a pressing action on the mounting base 51. The mounting base 51 is provided with a pressure sensor 55. The pressure sensor 55 is arranged in the area covered by the locking nut 3. After the mounting base 51 is pressed, it will transmit the pressure to the pressure sensor 55. The pressure sensor 55 can transmit the measured pressure signal to the signal processing module 52. After the pressure signal is processed by the signal processing module 52, it is transmitted by the signal transmitting module 53.

[0040] A through hole 54 is provided in the middle of the mounting base 51 for the locking screw 2 to pass through, so as to ensure the stable and reliable installation of the mounting base 51. The pressure sensor 55 is provided with two pressure sensors 55, which are located inside the mounting base 51. The two pressure sensors 55 are located on both sides of the through hole 54. The pressure sensor 55 is a piezoelectric pressure sensor 55, which converts pressure into an electric signal through piezoelectric effect. The sensing principle is prior art and will not be described here

[0041] The signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 are covered by a shell, so as to ensure that the internal structure is not damaged in the harsh environment of tunnel excavation. The signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 are arranged on both sides of the through hole. The shells of the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 are both in the shape of a cuboid, so that the pressure detection structure 5 as a whole is in the shape of a U.

[0042] After assembly, the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 protrude from the side of the mounting base 51 away from the tensioning block 4, and a groove-shaped structure capable of accommodating the locking nut 3 is formed between the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53, so that on the one hand, the disassembly and assembly of the locking nut 3 are not affected, and on the other hand, the overall pressure detection structure 5 is relatively simple and compact.

[0043] The side surface of the tensioning block 4 for supporting the locking nut 3 is a supporting matching surface, and the mounting base 51 is located between the supporting matching surface and the locking nut 3. The profile of the mounting base 51 is not found out of the profile of the supporting matching surface, so as to avoid affecting the remaining structures beside. In addition, the height dimension of the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 is equal, and the width dimension is also equal. The height dimension refers to the dimension in the axial direction of the locking screw 2, and the width dimension refers to the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 and perpendicular to the axial direction of the locking screw 2, and the signal processing module 52 and the signal transmitting module 53 do not exceed the tensioning block 4 in this direction, so as to avoid affecting other structures beside.

[0044] The pressure detection structure 5 in the embodiment further includes a buffer layer arranged on both sides in the thickness direction of the mounting base 51. The buffer layer is made of resin, and is used to avoid rigid contact between the mounting base 51 and the locking nut 3 or the tensioning block 4, and also to avoid friction between the locking nut 3 and the mounting base 51 when the locking nut 3 is tightened, so as to prevent the mounting base 51 and the pressure sensor 55 from being damaged. The buffer layer is distributed on the front surface of both sides in the thickness direction of the mounting base 51, and in other embodiments, the buffer layer can be distributed only at the position corresponding to the locking nut 3.

[0045] In use, when the locking nut 3 is tightened to a suitable torque, the locking nut 3 will generate a certain pressure on the mounting base 51, and the pressure value will remain basically stable before the locking nut 3 is loosened. After the locking nut 3 is loosened, the pressure value generated by the locking nut 3 on the mounting base 51 will decrease significantly, and the construction personnel can determine whether the corresponding locking nut 3 is loosened according to the decrease amplitude of the pressure value, so as to timely adjust the advancing posture of the tunneling machine and take tightening measures to tighten the locking nut 3 or replace the cutter, so as to avoid causing more serious problems.

[0046] The pressure detection structure 5 in the embodiment can compare the measured pressure value with the set value locally through the data processing module, and send an alarm signal to another receiving device when the pressure value is abnormal, so as to prompt the relevant construction personnel to handle in time. In other embodiments of the embodiment, the pressure detection structure 5 can only transmit the measured pressure value, and another data analysis device compares the measured pressure value of the pressure detection structure 5 in each cutter fixing device with the set value, and sends an alarm when the pressure value is abnormal, so as to prompt the relevant construction personnel to handle in time.

[0047] In actual use, the pressure detection structure 5 can adjust the installation position or shape according to the needs. In some special scenarios, if the wireless transmission signal mode cannot be normally used, the loosening of the locking nut 3 can be obtained through wired connection. At this time, the tunneling machine needs to be stopped and the pressure detection structure 5 on each cutter fixing device needs to be connected and detected one by one, so the signal processing module 52 of the pressure detection structure 5 needs to be provided with a communication interface connected with the corresponding communication line.

[0048] The specific embodiment 2 of the cutter fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0049] The embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and the difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment is that the cutter fixing device in the embodiment is used for fixing an insert cutter instead of a hob.

[0050] Specifically, referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 3 The cutter fixing device comprises a sliding box 7, an insert cutter 8 slidingly arranged in the sliding box 7, and a driving oil cylinder 9 arranged between the insert cutter 8 and the sliding box 7 and used for driving the insert cutter 8 to slide forward and backward, wherein the two ends of the driving oil cylinder 9 are connected with the insert cutter 8 and the sliding box 7 through a pin shaft 10 respectively. The pin shaft 10 is clamped between a hinged lug seat 11 and a fixed block 12, and the fixed block 12 is fixedly connected with the hinged lug seat 11 through a bolt 13. In the embodiment, the mounting base of the pressure detection structure is fixedly mounted on the fixed block 12 through the bolt 13. In the embodiment, the sliding box 7, the hinged lug seat 11 and the fixed block 12 constitute a device main body, and the bolt 13 constitutes a fastener.

[0051] The specific embodiment 3 of the cutter fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0052] The embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and the difference between the embodiment 1 and the embodiment is that the buffer layer in the embodiment is arranged on only one side of the mounting base close to the locking nut.

[0053] The specific embodiment 4 of the cutter fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0054] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the mounting base in the embodiment is made of a material with higher strength, so that the buffer layer can be omitted, and the mounting base directly contacts with the lock nut and the tension block.

[0055] The specific embodiment 5 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0056] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the pressure sensor in the embodiment is provided with a plurality of point-shaped surrounding perforations, so that each pressure sensor forms a single detection point, and the pressure data of each detection point can be comprehensively processed to determine the loosening of the lock nut, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0057] The specific embodiment 6 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0058] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the pressure sensor in the embodiment is provided with a plurality of point-shaped surrounding perforations, so that each pressure sensor forms a single detection point, and the pressure data of each detection point can be comprehensively processed to determine the loosening of the lock nut, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0059] The specific embodiment 7 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0060] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the mounting base in the embodiment is made of a material with higher strength, so that the buffer layer can be omitted, and the mounting base directly contacts with the lock nut and the tension block.

[0061] The specific embodiment 8 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0062] The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the mounting base in the embodiment is made of a material with higher strength, so that the buffer layer can be omitted, and the mounting base directly contacts with the lock nut and the tension block.

[0063] In other embodiments of the embodiment, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module can adopt passive elements without power supply, so as to further reduce the volume and be embedded in the mounting base, for example, the passive RFID electronic tag in the Chinese invention patent application with the application publication number CN103630282A.

[0064] The specific embodiment 9 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0065] The embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and differs from the embodiment 1 in that, in the embodiment, the shape and size of the mounting base are adapted to the shape and size of the end face of the locking nut, the pressure sensor, the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are only communicatively connected to each other by wires and are not fixedly connected to each other, the mounting base is fixedly pressed on the tensioning block by the locking nut, and the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module can be mounted on the tensioning block by means of gluing or bolting.

[0066] The specific embodiment 10 of the tool fixing device provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0067] The embodiment is based on the embodiment 1, and differs from the embodiment 1 in that, in the embodiment, the pressure sensor is annular and is arranged around a hole, and the distribution area of the pressure sensor corresponds to the locking nut, the pressure sensor is made of annular piezoelectric material, for example, the piezoelectric sensing element in the Chinese invention patent application with the application publication number CN103630282A.

[0068] The specific embodiment of the heading machine provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0069] The heading machine comprises a heading main machine and a tool fixing device arranged on the heading main machine, and the tool fixing device is the tool fixing device in the embodiments of the tool fixing device described above, and will not be described herein.

[0070] Finally, it needs to be stated that the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and is not used for limiting the utility model, although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for the person skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified without creative labor, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tool holding device comprising a device main body and a fastener for fixing a tool mounted on the device main body, characterized in that, The pressure detection structure comprises a mounting base, a signal processing module and a signal transmitting module. The mounting base is compressed and fixed on the device body by a fastener. A pressure sensor is arranged on the mounting base to detect the pressure of the fastener and transmit the detected pressure signal to the signal processing module. The signal processing module is used to process the signal and transmit the processed signal to the transmitting module. The transmitting module is used to transmit the processed signal.

2. The tool holding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The mounting base is provided with a through hole for cooperating with the fastener to fix the mounting base on the device body. The pressure sensor is arranged in the range covered by the fastener near the through hole.

3. The tool holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that The pressure sensor is annular and arranged around the through hole.

4. The tool holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that The pressure sensor is point-shaped and arranged around the through hole.

5. A tool holding device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that At least one side of the mounting base in the thickness direction is provided with a buffer layer, and the buffer layer is arranged at least at the position covered by the fastener.

6. A tool holding device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that The signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are arranged on both sides of the through hole on the mounting base, and a groove-shaped structure capable of accommodating the fastener is formed between the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module.

7. The tool holding device according to claim 6, characterized in that The signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are each provided with a housing for protecting internal elements, and the height dimensions and width dimensions of the housings of the signal processing module and the signal transmitting module are equal.

8. A tool holding device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that A communication interface capable of plugging a communication line is arranged on the signal processing module.

9. A tool holding device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that The device body is provided with a support matching surface for supporting the fastener. The mounting base is located between the support matching surface and the fastener. The profile of the mounting base does not exceed the profile of the support matching surface.

10. A heading machine comprising a heading main body and a cutter fixing device provided on the heading main body, characterized by, The tool fixing device is the tool fixing device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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