Hydraulic consolidation apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic consolidometer which is composed of a supporting platform, a soil sample consolidation mechanism and a hydraulic system. The supporting platform comprises an operation table, a circular fixing groove, a drainage groove shaped like a Chinese character'mi ', two fixing rods and a positioning cross beam. The soil sample consolidation mechanism comprises a cylindrical consolidation cavity, a circular fixing groove and a circular permeable stone; the device further comprises a fixed pressing rod, a pressing plate and a pressing rod; the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a pressure push rod. The hydraulic consolidometer disclosed by the utility model is large in loading pressure, high in precision, constant in pressure, large in size of a consolidated soil sample and simple to operate; power is provided through the hydraulic system, and compared with a traditional loading mode, hydraulic loading is large in loading pressure and high in precision, constant pressure can be effectively maintained, and the loading pressure can still be maintained even under the power failure condition; the servo motor is adopted for independent driving, the problem that the consolidation stabilization standard is controlled by a soil sample with the longest stabilization time is solved, and meanwhile, the device has the stepless loading characteristic, so that loading is accurate, unloading is rapid, and the experimental result is accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering experiment equipment design and its application technology, especially to a kind of hydraulic oedometer and its implementation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, soil test is the main means to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of soil. The standard of soil test method (GB / T 50123-1999) of the People's Republic of China is the guiding specification for soil test in the field of survey and design in China. Oedometer is the main instrument for soil test in current geotechnical engineering survey, which is used to determine the consolidation parameters of soil under laboratory conditions, such as compression coefficient, compression modulus, consolidation coefficient, volume coefficient, compression index, pre-consolidation pressure, resilience index and secondary consolidation coefficient. The determination of these parameters helps to provide design basis for subsequent construction, including predicting the degree of soil settlement.

[0003] Currently, there are three kinds of oedometers: pound scale oedometer, single lever oedometer and pneumatic oedometer. Among them, the pound scale oedometer and the single lever oedometer are old-fashioned instruments based on the principle of lever, which are manually loaded by weights. The weight has the advantage of stable pressure, but the overall volume of the equipment is large and heavy, the weight is heavy, and the operation is not convenient.

[0004] The pneumatic oedometer is loaded according to the principle of pneumatic transmission, but its precision is not accurate enough, and multiple devices are needed in the process of pneumatic driving, which makes it difficult to control the precision and volume within a small range.

[0005] In addition to the above three kinds of pressure equipment, hydraulic pressure equipment is commonly used in China. The pound scale and lever type pressure equipment are loaded by manually adding weights or adjusting levers, which has the main disadvantage that manual weight loading is not only heavy, but also the impact force generated during loading will affect the test accuracy, resulting in inaccurate measurement results of the oedometer. In addition, since manual operation is needed to add or subtract weights or adjust levers, the test efficiency of these two devices is low, and the volume of the instrument is large, which is not convenient to carry.

[0006] The pneumatic oedometer is one of the most widely used types in China at present, which has the main advantages of small unit volume and high automation, but it needs multiple control in practice, which is complex and the volume cannot be applied to the site at any time. Its defects are that the loading process is delayed, and the air compression degree of air pressure is large, which leads to inaccurate loading pressure and makes it difficult to maintain constant pressure, which actually affects the calculation of consolidation parameters and leads to inaccurate test results. SUMMARY

[0007] The utility model discloses a hydraulic consolidation instrument according to the defects and the insufficient of prior consolidation instrument, discloses a kind of hydraulic consolidation instruments.

[0008] The utility model discloses the following technical scheme realizes:

[0009] A kind of hydraulic consolidation instrument, it is characterized by: by support platform, soil sample consolidation mechanism, hydraulic system composition;

[0010] Support platform includes: an operation table, the circular fixed recess of operation table table top is set, the "rice" shaped drainage groove of the bottom of circular fixed recess, operation table table top, circular fixed recess both sides are fixedly provided with two fixed rods for supporting soil sample consolidation mechanism, positioning crossbeam is fixed on two fixed rods by nut, positioning crossbeam middle part is provided with round hole;

[0011] Soil sample consolidation mechanism includes: a cylindrical consolidation cavity, consolidation cavity is placed in the circular fixed recess of support platform by limiting, and circular water-permeable stone is placed in the bottom of consolidation cavity;It further includes a consolidation pressure rod that can freely move in cylindrical consolidation cavity, and the consolidation pressure rod has a pressure plate matched with the diameter of the consolidation cavity, and the pressure plate end surface is fixedly provided with the pressure rod of hydraulic system coupling drive;

[0012] Hydraulic system includes: a hydraulic cylinder, is fixed on the two fixed rods of support platform by fixed crossbeam, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed in the fixed hole of the middle part of fixed crossbeam;Hydraulic cylinder piston coupling drive pressure push rod and the pressure rod of soil sample consolidation mechanism cooperate to drive pressure plate to move and extrude mold.

[0013] Further, the inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic cylinder piston are respectively provided with inlet and outlet ports, and the inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected with the output oil ports of the electromagnetic reversing valve, the inlet port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil pump through the oil pipe, the oil pump is driven by the servo motor, and the oil return port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil tank.

[0014] Further, the end of the pressure push rod of the hydraulic system is a convex arc or a hemispherical type, and the arc or hemispherical groove at the top end of the pressure rod of the soil sample consolidation mechanism is matched to be separable.

[0015] Further, an oil pressure gauge is arranged on the connecting oil pipe between the oil pump and the electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0016] Further, the bottom of the "rice" shaped drainage groove is provided with a drainage pipe.

[0017] The lower part of the fixed rod is rectangular in cross section, and the upper part is a threaded rod, the positioning crossbeam is fixed above the rectangular section of the two fixed rods by nuts, and the fixed crossbeam is fixed in parallel above the positioning crossbeam by upper and lower nuts.

[0018] The utility model discloses a beneficial effect: the utility model discloses hydraulic consolidometer loading pressure, high precision, pressure constant, consolidated soil sample size, simple operation.

[0019] Through hydraulic system provides power, and hydraulic loading compares traditional loading mode, and loading pressure is big, and precision is high, can effectively maintain constant pressure, even under the condition of power failure, and loading pressure still can maintain. Oil pressure transmits pressure to pressure rod, and pressure rod further transmits pressure to consolidation pressure rod, realizes to the loading of the soil sample of being measured, and the utility model discloses consolidometer can realize the transmission of higher precision than lever type transmission, and hydraulic system loading is easy to control, can realize the stepless regulation of loading, and the adjustment process is continuous, overcomes the influence of additional force produced when lever type consolidometer is loaded manually, also makes manpower to be liberated, and the structure is light and clever.

[0020] The utility model discloses consolidometer and its hydraulic system, adopt servo motor single drive, overcomeed the problem of consolidation stable standard of pneumatic consolidation instrument because of the multiple connection device and the control of soil sample of longest stable time, simultaneously because it has the stepless loading characteristic, makes loading accurate, unloads fast, and experimental result is accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the hydraulic consolidometer schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the hydraulic consolidometer support platform schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the hydraulic consolidometer hydraulic system schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the hydraulic consolidometer hydraulic cylinder and pressure push rod structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the hydraulic consolidometer consolidation cavity, consolidation pressure rod and water-permeable stone subassembly schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the hydraulic consolidometer positioning crossbeam schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0027] In the figure, 1 is a support platform, 2 is a consolidation cavity, 3 is a consolidation pressure rod, 4 is a hydraulic cylinder, 5 is a positioning cross beam, 6 is a nut, 7 is an electromagnetic reversing valve, 8 is a servo motor, 9 is an oil pump, 10 is an oil tank, 11 is a fixed cross beam, 12 is an oil pipe, 13 is a pressure gauge, 14 is a water-permeable stone; 101 is a "Wen" shaped drainage groove, 102 is a circular fixed groove, 103 is a fixed rod, 104 is an operation table, 105 is a drainage pipe; 401 is a pressure push rod, 402 is an upper pressure oil port, 403 is a pressure relief oil port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The utility model is further described below in combination with specific embodiments, and the specific embodiments are further descriptions of the principle of the utility model and do not limit the utility model in any way. The same or similar technologies of the utility model do not exceed the protection scope of the utility model.

[0029] In combination with the drawings.

[0030] As shown in the figure, the consolidation apparatus of the embodiment mainly comprises a support platform, a soil sample consolidation mechanism and a hydraulic system.

[0031] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The support platform 1 comprises an operation table 104, a circular fixed groove 102 arranged on the top surface of the operation table 104, a "Wen" shaped drainage groove 101 arranged at the bottom of the circular fixed groove 102, a drainage pipe 105 arranged on the "Wen" shaped drainage groove 101, two fixed rods 103 arranged on both sides of the top surface of the operation table 104 and the circular fixed groove 102 for supporting the soil sample consolidation mechanism, a rectangular cross section at the lower part of the fixed rod 103 and a threaded rod at the upper part, a positioning cross beam 5 fixed on the upper part of the rectangular section of the two fixed rods 103 through a nut, and a circular hole arranged in the middle of the positioning cross beam 5 for allowing the consolidation pressure rod 3 of the soil sample consolidation mechanism and the pressure push rod 401 of the hydraulic system to pass through freely.

[0032] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 , Figure 5 The soil sample consolidation mechanism comprises a cylindrical consolidation cavity 2, the consolidation cavity 2 is arranged in the circular fixed groove 102 of the support platform 1, a circular water-permeable stone 14 is arranged at the bottom of the consolidation cavity 2, the consolidation pressure rod 3 is arranged on the upper opening of the consolidation cavity 2 after the soil sample is filled and detected, the consolidation pressure rod 3 has a pressure plate matched with the diameter of the consolidation cavity 2, a pressure rod arranged on the end surface of the pressure plate and connected with the hydraulic system for driving, and an arc-shaped groove arranged at the top end of the pressure rod for cooperating with the pressure push rod 401 of the hydraulic system for pushing.

[0033] As shown in the figure, Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the hydraulic system includes an oil tank 10, a servo motor 8, an oil pump 9, an electromagnetic reversing valve 7, a hydraulic cylinder 4, a pressure push rod 401, an oil pipe 12, and a pressure gauge 13. The oil tank 10 provides hydraulic oil for the hydraulic system, and the oil inside the oil tank 10 is sent into the hydraulic cylinder 4 through the servo motor 8 and the oil pump 9; the electromagnetic reversing valve 7 adjusts the delivery direction of the pressurized oil and the pressure relief oil entering the hydraulic cylinder 4; the hydraulic cylinder 4 is provided with a pressurized oil port 402 and a pressure relief oil port 403 on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, and is connected with the oil pipes 12 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 7; the hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed on the upper end of a fixed rod 103 through a fixed cross beam 11; the pressure push rod 401 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 4 to move up and down, and the end of the pressure push rod 401 is in cylindrical structure and cooperates with an arc-shaped groove provided on the top of the consolidation pressure rod 3 of the soil sample consolidation mechanism; the pressure gauge 13 is provided on the oil pipe 12 between the oil pump 9 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 7 to display the reading of the loading pressure.

[0034] Hydraulic consolidation instrument implementation steps:

[0035] Place the circular water-permeable stone 14 on the "Chinese" drainage groove 101, and lay filter paper on the water-permeable stone 14.

[0036] Embed the consolidation cavity 2 into the circular fixed groove 102 on the table surface of the operation table 104 for fixation.

[0037] Fill the soil sample to be measured into the consolidation cavity 2, and after the filling of the soil sample is completed, place the consolidation pressure rod 3 above the soil sample to be measured, and limit the upper part of the consolidation pressure rod 3 through the through hole in the middle of the positioning cross beam 5 to prevent the upper part of the consolidation pressure rod 3 from tilting to the four directions, and lock the two ends of the positioning cross beam 5 with the nuts 6.

[0038] Fix the hydraulic cylinder 4 on the fixed rod 103 with the nuts 6, and butt the top end of the pressure push rod 401 with the consolidation pressure rod 103, and the rod part of the consolidation pressure rod 103 is a semispherical groove, and the rod end of the pressure push rod 401 is a protruding semisphere.

[0039] Connect the drainage pipe 105 with the reserved circular hole in the middle of the "Chinese" drainage groove 101 to realize drainage.

[0040] Set the pressure gauge 13 on the oil pipe between the oil pump 9 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 7 to read the change of the oil pressure in real time, and realize the real-time monitoring of the loading pressure of the soil sample to be measured.

[0041] Hydraulic loading mode, the servo motor 8 drives the oil pump 9 to transport the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 10 to the electromagnetic reversing valve 7 through the oil pipe 12, and the electromagnetic reversing valve 7 delivers the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 4 from different oil pipes according to the pressurization and pressure relief modes.

[0042] Hydraulic consolidation instrument pressurization and pressure relief modes:

[0043] Pressurization mode, electromagnetic reversing valve 7 connects the internal inlet to the corresponding pressurized oil port 402 of hydraulic cylinder 4, at this time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the upper cavity of hydraulic cylinder 4 increases, pressure rod 401 moves downward, the oil in the lower cavity enters electromagnetic reversing valve 7 from pressure relief port 403, electromagnetic reversing valve 7 is connected to oil tank 10 through oil pipe 12, the oil in electromagnetic reversing valve 7 enters oil tank 10, and the consolidation instrument is pressurized and molded.

[0044] Pressure relief mode, electromagnetic reversing valve 7 connects the internal inlet to the corresponding pressure relief oil port 403 of hydraulic cylinder 4, at this time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the lower cavity of hydraulic cylinder 4 increases, pressure rod 401 moves upward, the hydraulic oil corresponding to the upper cavity enters electromagnetic reversing valve 7 from pressurized oil port 402, the hydraulic oil in electromagnetic reversing valve 7 enters oil tank 10, and the consolidation instrument is pressure relieved.

Claims

1. A hydraulic oedometer characterized by: The device is composed of a support platform, a soil sample consolidation mechanism and a hydraulic system. The support platform comprises an operation table, a circular fixed recess provided on the table top of the operation table, a "rice" shaped drainage groove provided at the bottom of the circular fixed recess, two fixed rods provided on both sides of the table top and the circular fixed recess for supporting the soil sample consolidation mechanism, a positioning cross beam fixed on the two fixed rods by nuts, and a circular hole provided in the middle of the positioning cross beam. The soil sample consolidation mechanism comprises a cylindrical consolidation cavity, which is placed in the circular fixed recess of the support platform in a limited manner, and a circular water-permeable stone provided at the bottom of the consolidation cavity. The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder fixed on the two fixed rods of the support platform by the positioning cross beam, and a fixed hole provided in the middle of the positioning cross beam.

2. The hydraulic oedometer of claim 1, wherein: The hydraulic cylinder piston is coupled to a pressure push rod, which is driven to move the pressing plate in cooperation with the pressing rod of the soil sample consolidation mechanism.

3. The hydraulic oedometer of claim 1, wherein: The hydraulic cylinder piston is provided with an inlet and an outlet at both ends, respectively.

4. The hydraulic oedometer of claim 2, wherein: The inlet and the outlet of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the output oil ports of the electromagnetic reversing valve.

5. The hydraulic oedometer of claim 1, wherein: The inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil pump through an oil pipe.

6. The hydraulic oedometer of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The oil pump is driven by a servo motor. The return oil port of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil tank. The end of the pressure push rod of the hydraulic system is provided with a convex arc or a semispherical shape. The end of the pressure push rod of the hydraulic system is provided with a convex arc or a semispherical shape. An oil pressure gauge is provided on the connecting oil pipe between the oil pump and the electromagnetic reversing valve. The bottom of the "rice" shaped drainage groove is provided with a drainage pipe. The lower part of the fixed rod is provided with a rectangular cross section, and the upper part is provided with a threaded rod. The positioning cross beam is fixed on the upper part of the rectangular section of the two fixed rods by nuts. The positioning cross beam is fixed on the upper part of the rectangular section of the two fixed rods by nuts.

Images