Flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor and equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor and equipment, the flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor comprises a shell, an exhaust pipe and a plurality of independent reaction cavities arranged in the shell, the plurality of reaction cavities are respectively provided with independent first air inlets, the plurality of reaction cavities are sequentially arranged in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe is arranged in the shell; and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the plurality of reaction cavities. According to the flexible synthesis reactor for the green ammonia, the reaction cavities with different rated loads can be selectively combined, so that the rated loads can be greatly adjusted, and the synthesis efficiency and the equipment safety can be considered even under the working condition that the gas inlet amount of feed gas greatly fluctuates.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammonia synthesis, in particular to a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Green ammonia is a kind of ammonia produced by renewable energy. The production process of green ammonia mainly relies on water electrolysis hydrogen production technology. This technology uses renewable energy such as light energy, water power, wind energy and solar power to generate hydrogen through water electrolysis, and then hydrogen reacts with nitrogen under certain conditions to produce ammonia. Therefore, green ammonia is a "zero carbon" energy, which is expected to replace traditional fossil fuels and achieve energy saving and emission reduction. However, the use of the foregoing renewable energy to produce hydrogen generally has the problem of large fluctuation range of hydrogen production, which causes large changes in reaction pressure in the ammonia synthesis reactor, is prone to fatigue working conditions, and makes the ammonia synthesis reactor unable to operate safely and stably, and the ammonia conversion rate is reduced. The traditional ammonia synthesis reactor is difficult to adapt to such large fluctuation load working conditions, and is prone to safety accidents such as low ammonia conversion rate, equipment sealing leakage and pipeline rupture. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor and equipment that can adapt to large fluctuation load.

[0004] In one aspect of the present application, a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor is provided, which comprises an outer shell, an exhaust pipe and a plurality of independent reaction cavities arranged in the outer shell. The plurality of reaction cavities are respectively provided with independent first gas inlets, and the plurality of reaction cavities are arranged in sequence in a first direction. The exhaust pipe is connected to the plurality of reaction cavities.

[0005] The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor described above has a plurality of reaction cavities in parallel in the outer shell, and the raw material gas inlet and the reaction process of each reaction cavity are independent by arranging independent gas inlets on each reaction cavity. The exhaust pipe is connected to the plurality of reaction cavities, so that the exhaust gas paths are connected. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with this structure can be combined by selectively combining reaction cavities with different rated loads to achieve the purpose of adjusting the total rated load of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor by a large margin. Even under the working condition of large fluctuation of raw material gas inlet quantity, the system pressure change can be kept within a small fluctuation range, avoiding the occurrence of fatigue working conditions, so that the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can be operated safely and stably for a long time, and has high ammonia net value. That is, even under the working condition of large fluctuation of raw material gas inlet quantity, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can also consider the synthesis efficiency and equipment safety.

[0006] In the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor described above, the exhaust pipe is connected to the plurality of reaction cavities, which is also beneficial to keeping the catalyst temperature in each reaction cavity above the activation temperature, improving the reaction efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

[0007] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is arranged inside the plurality of reaction cavities, and the exhaust pipe is provided with a gas collection hole in communication with each reaction cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises a catalyst frame arranged in each reaction cavity, and a reaction bed arranged in the catalyst frame, wherein a ring gap gas inlet is formed between the catalyst frame and the reaction cavity, and a second gas inlet is arranged on the side wall of the catalyst frame and in communication with the ring gap gas inlet.

[0009] In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction cavities comprises an inner cylinder arranged in the shell, and a partition plate arranged in the inner cylinder, wherein the partition plate separates adjacent two reaction cavities.

[0010] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises a heat transfer assembly arranged in the reaction cavity, wherein the heat transfer assembly is arranged in the catalyst frame, located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, and divides the space of the catalyst frame into three sub-reaction zones from outside to inside in the radial direction, i.e., an outer adiabatic reaction zone, an inner cold reaction zone, and an inner adiabatic reaction zone.

[0011] In some embodiments, the gas inlet end of the heat transfer assembly is in communication with the first gas inlet, and the gas outlet end of the heat transfer assembly is in communication with the ring gap gas inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, one end of the exhaust pipe is a closed end, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is an exhaust end, and the pipe diameter of the exhaust pipe increases from the closed end to the exhaust end.

[0013] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe comprises a porous section with the same pipe diameter and a variable-diameter section, and the gas collection hole is arranged on the porous section, and the variable-diameter section increases from the closed end to the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises an internal gas inlet pipe in communication with the first gas inlet of at least part of the reaction cavities, and the internal gas inlet pipe is arranged in the reaction cavity.

[0015] In a second aspect of the present application, an ammonia synthesis device is provided, comprising the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 For Figure 1Top enlarged structural schematic view of the reactor.

[0018] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of an ammonia synthesis reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the positional relationship among the inner cylinder, catalyst frame and annular gap inlet channel.

[0019] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of an ammonia synthesis reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a T-NH3 operating curve of an ammonia synthesis reaction according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Legend of reference numerals:

[0022] 10, shell; 20, exhaust pipe; 201, gas collecting hole; 202, porous section; 203, variable diameter section 203; 30, reaction cavity; 301, first gas inlet; 302, annular gap inlet channel; 303, inner cylinder; 304, partition plate; 305, cover plate; 40, catalyst frame; 401, second gas inlet; 402, outer heat-insulating reaction ring; 403, inner cold reaction ring; 404, inner heat-insulating reaction ring; 50, heat removal assembly; 501, tube box; 502, heat removal tube bundle; 60, internal gas inlet pipe; 70, load regulating valve; 80, bypass valve; 90, main annular gap channel; 2, compressor; 3, heat exchanger; 4, heater; 5, pressure regulating valve; 6, evaporator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and comprehensible, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0025] In addition, the terms "first", "second", and the like, if any, are used herein for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0026] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like appear, these terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the first feature is described as "on" or "under" the second feature, etc., it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be the first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be the first feature directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0028] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation.

[0029] In the ammonia synthesis process, the raw material gas inlet quantity is often unstable, especially in the process of using renewable energy such as light energy, water power or wind energy to electrolyze water to prepare green hydrogen, and then catalytically synthesizing green ammonia with green hydrogen and nitrogen. The hydrogen gas inlet quantity is often unstable. When the inlet quantity is too small and the actual load is far below the rated load of the reactor, it is easy to cause the reaction conversion rate to decrease, the catalyst activity to decrease, and the energy consumed per unit of product to increase significantly, increasing the production cost. When the inlet quantity is too large and the actual load is higher than the rated load of the reactor, the residence time of the gas on the catalyst surface is too short, the reactants cannot fully contact the catalyst to react, resulting in a decrease in reaction rate and a decrease in the actual amount of ammonia generated per unit time. Moreover, the large inlet quantity causes the pressure to be too large, which threatens the safety of the equipment and can easily cause accidents such as leakage at the equipment seal and pipe rupture.

[0030] However, the current ammonia synthesis reactor has poor adaptability and can mostly only operate at a load of 70% or more, that is, when the inlet flow rate is 70% or less of the rated maximum inlet flow rate, the ammonia conversion rate is too low to meet the production requirements. Therefore, it is a technical problem to be solved to find an ammonia synthesis reactor that can adapt to large fluctuations in load while taking into account the ammonia synthesis efficiency and equipment safety.

[0031] Based on this, the first aspect of the present application, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 An embodiment provides a green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1, comprising a shell 10, an exhaust pipe 20 and a plurality of independent reaction cavities 30 arranged in the shell 10, wherein each of the plurality of reaction cavities 30 is provided with an independent first gas inlet port 301, the plurality of reaction cavities 30 are arranged in a first direction in sequence, and the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the plurality of reaction cavities 30.

[0032] The above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor has a plurality of reaction cavities connected in parallel in the shell, and the raw material gas inlet and the reaction process of each reaction cavity are independent by arranging independent gas inlet ports on each reaction cavity. The exhaust pipe connects the plurality of reaction cavities to make the exhaust gas paths connected. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with this structure can realize the purpose of adjusting the total rated load of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor by a large margin by selectively combining reaction cavities with different rated loads. Even under the working condition of a large fluctuation in the raw material gas inlet quantity, the system pressure change can be kept within a small fluctuation range, avoiding the occurrence of fatigue working conditions, so that the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can be safely and stably operated for a long time, and has a high ammonia net value. That is, even under the working condition of a large fluctuation in the raw material gas inlet quantity, the above-mentioned green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor can take into account the synthesis efficiency and equipment safety.

[0033] The exhaust pipe of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor is communicated with the plurality of reaction cavities, which is also beneficial to maintaining the temperature of the catalyst in each reaction cavity above the activation temperature, improving the reaction efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

[0034] Understandably, the shell 10 is a pressure-bearing shell.

[0035] Understandably, the reaction bed of each reaction cavity 30 is filled with ammonia synthesis catalyst, and the ammonia synthesis catalyst, catalytic synthesis reaction, and gas inlet of each reaction cavity 30 are independent.

[0036] Further, the first direction is the exhaust direction of the reaction gas.

[0037] Further, the first direction is the axial direction, i.e., the direction along the central axis of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor.

[0038] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 is arranged inside the plurality of reaction cavities 30, and the exhaust pipe 20 is provided with a gas collection hole 201 communicated with each reaction cavity 30.

[0039] In some embodiments, in combination with Figure 3 As shown, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 further comprises a catalyst frame 40 arranged in each reaction cavity 30, and a reaction bed arranged in the catalyst frame 40, the catalyst frame 40 and the reaction cavity 30 form an annular gap inlet channel 302, and the side wall of the catalyst frame 40 is provided with a second gas inlet 401 communicated with the annular gap inlet channel 302.

[0040] Understandably, the reaction bed is a catalyst bed, and the reaction zone where the catalyst bed is located is communicated with the annular gap inlet channel 302 by the catalyst frame 40.

[0041] In some embodiments, the catalyst frame 40 adopts a radial catalyst frame with a gas radial distribution function. The raw material gas flows radially in the radial catalyst frame from the outer annular gap inlet channel 302 to the central exhaust pipe 20, which can make the raw material gas pass through the catalyst layer more uniformly, improving the reaction efficiency.

[0042] Understandably, the catalyst frame 40 and the inner cylinder 303 form the annular gap inlet channel 302.

[0043] In some embodiments, the plurality of reaction cavities 30 comprises an inner cylinder 303 arranged in the shell 10 and a partition plate 304 arranged in the inner cylinder 303, and the partition plate 304 separates two adjacent reaction cavities 30.

[0044] Further, the partition plate 304, the cover plate 305, and the catalyst frame 40 form an ammonia synthesis reaction zone.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cover plate 305 is located on the top of the ammonia synthesis reaction zone, the partition plate 304 is located on the bottom of the ammonia synthesis reaction zone, the catalyst frame 40 is located on the periphery of the reaction zone, the top edge of the catalyst frame 40 is connected to the cover plate 305, and the bottom edge of the catalyst frame 40 is connected to the partition plate 304.

[0046] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises a heat removal assembly 50 arranged in the reaction cavity, the heat removal assembly 50 is arranged in the catalyst frame 40 and located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame 40 and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 20, and divides the space of the catalyst frame 40 into three sub-reaction zones, i.e., an outer adiabatic reaction ring 402, an inner cold reaction ring 403, and an inner adiabatic reaction ring 404, from the outside to the inside in the radial direction.

[0047] The heat removal assembly 50 is arranged in the reaction cavity 30, so that the reaction process of the ammonia synthesis reaction and the heat removal process can be carried out simultaneously; the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen to generate ammonia is an exothermic reaction, and the heat removal assembly 50 can timely remove the reaction heat, promote the forward reaction process of the ammonia synthesis reaction, and thus improve the reaction rate. At the same time, the heat removal assembly 50 also plays a role in heating the incoming gas, thereby ensuring the reaction temperature of the ammonia synthesis reaction and the activation temperature of the catalyst. The heat removal assembly 50 divides the inside of the reactor into the outer adiabatic reaction ring 402, the inner cold reaction ring 403, and the inner adiabatic reaction ring 404 from the outside to the inside in the radial direction, so that three sub-reactions are carried out. The arrangement of the three sub-reactions can make each reaction cavity have a high ammonia net value. Please refer to Figure 5 , and the three straight lines represent the three sub-reactions.

[0048] Further, the region between the catalyst frame 40 and the heat removal assembly 50 is the outer adiabatic reaction ring 402, the ammonia synthesis reaction zone in the region where the heat removal assembly 50 is located is the inner cold reaction ring 403, and the region between the heat removal assembly 50 and the exhaust pipe 20 is the inner adiabatic reaction ring 404.

[0049] In some embodiments, the gas inlet end of the heat removal assembly 50 is in communication with the first gas inlet 301, and the gas outlet end of the heat removal assembly 50 is in communication with the annular gap gas inlet channel 302.

[0050] Understandably, the gas outlet end of the heat removal assembly 50 is in communication with the reaction cavity 30 through the second gas inlet 401 of the catalyst frame 40.

[0051] In some embodiments, the heat removal assembly 50 comprises a pipe box 501 and a heat removal pipe bundle 502, the gas inlet end of the pipe box 501 is in communication with the first gas inlet of the reaction cavity 30, the gas outlet end of the pipe box 502 is connected to the gas inlet end of the heat removal pipe bundle 502, and the gas outlet end of the heat removal pipe bundle 502 is in communication with the annular gap gas inlet channel 302.

[0052] In some embodiments, one end of the exhaust pipe 20 is a closed end, the other end of the exhaust pipe 20 is an exhaust end, and the pipe diameter of the exhaust pipe 20 increases from the closed end to the exhaust end. The structure that the pipe diameter of the exhaust pipe 20 increases from the closed end to the exhaust end can better adapt to the gradually increasing gas volume of the reaction gas.

[0053] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 includes a multi-hole section 202 with the same pipe diameter and a variable-diameter section 203, the gas collecting hole 201 is located on the multi-hole section 202, and the variable-diameter section 203 increases from the closed end to the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 20. The reaction gas after the ammonia synthesis reaction is collected into the exhaust pipe 20 through the gas collecting hole 201 and discharged; the variable-diameter section 203 is used for smooth transition at the pipe diameter change of the exhaust pipe 20, so that the gas flows more smoothly and the flow resistance is reduced.

[0054] In some embodiments, a plurality of gas collecting holes 201 are uniformly arranged on the multi-hole section 202.

[0055] In some embodiments, the multi-hole section 202 is located in the catalyst frame 40, and the variable-diameter section is located in the gap between adjacent catalyst frames 40. The gas inlet space of each reaction chamber 30 is independent of each other, and the gas outlet space is communicated, so that the pressure in each reaction chamber 30 is balanced, and at the same time when a certain reaction chamber 30 is shut down, heat transfer can be carried out between each reaction chamber 30 through the exhaust pipe 20 to compensate the temperature, so that the catalyst in the shut-down reaction chamber 30 can still maintain the catalyst activation temperature, and when the load increases, the shut-down reaction chamber 30 can be directly used for gas reaction, thereby improving the production efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

[0056] Further, the variable-diameter section 203 has no hole on the side wall.

[0057] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe 20 is arranged at the center of the shell 10.

[0058] In some embodiments, the top end of the exhaust pipe 20 is located in the topmost reaction chamber 30, and the bottom end extends out of the shell 10.

[0059] In some embodiments, the inner cylinder 303 is arranged in the shell 10, and a main annular gap channel 90 is formed between the inner cylinder 303 and the shell 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor further comprises an internal gas inlet pipe 60, the internal gas inlet pipe 60 is in communication with the first gas inlet port 301 of at least part of the reaction chamber 30, and the internal gas inlet pipe 60 is arranged in the reaction chamber 30.

[0061] In some embodiments, the gas inlet end of the tube box 501 of the heat removal assembly 50 is in communication with the first gas inlet 301 of the reaction chamber 30 through the internal gas inlet pipe 60.

[0062] As can be understood, in each reaction chamber, the low-temperature raw material gas enters the heat exchange tubes of the heat removal tube bundle 502 from the internal gas inlet pipe 60 through the tube box 501, exchanges heat with the high-temperature reaction gas synthesized in the reaction zone, removes the reaction heat, and raises the temperature of the raw material gas in the heat exchange tubes to the activation temperature of the catalyst. After the raw material gas is heated, it enters the annular gap gas inlet channel 302 from the gas outlet end of the heat exchange tubes of the heat removal tube bundle 502, flows uniformly to the reaction zone through the catalyst frame 40 in the radial direction, and then passes through the three sub-reaction zones of the outer adiabatic reaction ring 402, the inner cold reaction ring 403, and the inner adiabatic reaction ring 404 in sequence, and then enters the exhaust pipe 20 through the reaction gas outlet f and is discharged.

[0063] In some embodiments, the shell 10 is provided with 2-5 reaction chambers.

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the shell 10 is provided with three reaction chambers 30. By different combinations of the three reaction chambers with different rated loads, the total rated load can be adjusted to adapt to the working conditions where the amount of inlet gas fluctuates greatly. Figure 1

[0065] In some embodiments, the shell 10 is provided with an annular gap gas inlet a and an annular gap gas outlet b, and the position of the annular gap gas outlet b is higher than that of the annular gap gas inlet a.

[0066] In some embodiments, the shell 10 is provided with a reaction gas outlet f and a plurality of raw material gas inlets c, d, and e, the raw material gas inlet c is connected with the first gas inlet 301 of the reaction chamber 30, and the reaction gas outlet f is connected with the exhaust pipe 20.

[0067] In some embodiments, the number of raw material gas inlets on the shell 10 is the same as the number of reaction chambers, and the exhaust pipe 20 has only one.

[0068] In some embodiments, the reaction gas outlet f is the gas outlet of the exhaust pipe 20.

[0069] In some embodiments, the shell is provided with three reaction chambers, and each reaction chamber corresponds to the upper porous section, the middle porous section, and the lower porous section of the exhaust pipe 20. The pipe diameter of the upper porous section is smaller than that of the middle porous section, and the pipe diameter of the middle porous section is smaller than that of the lower porous section.

[0070] Further, the length of the upper porous section is smaller than that of the middle porous section, and the length of the middle porous section is smaller than that of the lower porous section.

[0071] ​In some embodiments, when three reaction cavities are provided in the shell, the shell 10 is provided with a raw material gas inlet c connected to the upper reaction cavity and a raw material gas inlet d connected to the middle reaction cavity at the top, and a raw material gas inlet e connected to the lower reaction cavity and a reaction gas outlet f at the bottom.

[0072] Further, the raw material gas inlet c and the raw material gas inlet d are each connected with an internal gas inlet pipe.

[0073] In some embodiments, no internal gas inlet pipe 60 is provided in the lowermost reaction cavity, and the raw material gas directly enters the heat removal assembly 50 from the raw material gas inlet e.

[0074] In a second aspect, the present application provides an ammonia synthesis device comprising the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the first aspect.

[0075] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 4 In an embodiment, the ammonia synthesis reaction device comprises a compressor 2, a heat exchanger 3, a heater 4 and the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1; the compressor 2 is used to provide raw material gas and adjusting gas; the heat exchanger 3 is used to exchange heat between the reaction gas and the raw material gas; and the heater 4 is used to supplement the heating of the raw material gas.

[0076] Further, the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 adopts the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with three parallel reaction cavities as described above.

[0077] In some embodiments, an external gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas inlet 301, and a load adjusting valve 70 and a bypass valve 80 are provided on the external gas inlet pipe, and the load adjusting valve 70 and the bypass valve 80 are connected in parallel.

[0078] In some embodiments, a pressure regulating valve 5 is provided on the exhaust pipe line of the exhaust pipe 20. The pressure regulating valve 5 is used to regulate the pressure in the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1, and can assist the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 to control the fluctuation range of the pressure within 20%, so as to avoid the occurrence of fatigue working conditions, and enable the device to operate safely and stably for a long time.

[0079] Further, the pressure regulating valve 5 is provided on the hot gas outlet pipeline of the heat exchanger 3.

[0080] Further, the load adjusting valve 70 is provided on the external gas inlet pipe A between the compressor 2 and the upper reaction cavity, the external gas inlet pipe B between the compressor 2 and the middle reaction cavity, and the external gas inlet pipe C between the compressor 2 and the lower reaction cavity, and each load adjusting valve 70 is connected in parallel with a bypass valve 80.

[0081] In some embodiments, the bypass valve 80 can be a DN25 bypass valve.

[0082] In some embodiments, the heater 4 is an electrically operated furnace.

[0083] In some embodiments, an evaporator 6 is provided in the pipeline between the exhaust pipe 20 and the heat exchanger 3.

[0084] As can be understood, the raw material gas from the compressor 2 is divided into three parts, one part is used as the regulating gas of the raw material gas, one part is used as the annular inlet gas, and the other part is heated by the heat exchanger 3 and then combined with the regulating gas to reach the required temperature for entering the tower, and then enters the respective reaction cavities of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor 1 through the inlet pipe A, the inlet pipe B and the inlet pipe C. When the load is reduced to the extent that one or two reaction cavities need to be shut down, the corresponding load regulating valve 70 is closed, and the corresponding bypass valve 80 is opened to allow a small amount of heated raw material gas to enter the shut-down reaction cavity to generate a small amount of heat, so as to compensate for the heat loss and maintain the catalyst bed temperature above the activation temperature, so that when the load increases and the reaction cavity needs to be opened, the gas can be directly reacted. The amount of gas entering from the bypass valve 80 depends on the temperature of the catalyst bed in the shut-down reaction cavity.

[0085] Figure 2 The load regulation mode of the ammonia synthesis equipment shown is as follows: the load regulation is achieved by setting different rated load ratios for the upper reaction cavity, the middle reaction cavity and the lower reaction cavity which are arranged from top to bottom, and one or two or all of the three reaction cavities are selected for combination according to the load size, and the auxiliary regulation of the pressure regulating valve 5, so as to achieve flexible regulation for large fluctuations in load.

[0086] As an example, when the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor with the aforementioned three parallel reaction cavities is used, when the rated load rate of the upper reaction cavity is 25%, the rated load rate of the middle reaction cavity is 35%, and the rated load rate of the lower reaction cavity is 40%, when the load is 20%-25%, the upper reaction cavity is opened; when the load is 25%-35%, the middle reaction cavity is opened; when the load is 35%-40%, the lower reaction cavity is opened; when the load is 40%-60%, the upper reaction cavity and the middle reaction cavity are opened; when the load is 60%-65%, the upper reaction cavity and the lower reaction cavity are opened; when the load is 65%-75%, the middle reaction cavity and the lower reaction cavity are opened; when the load is 75%-110%, the upper reaction cavity, the middle reaction cavity and the lower reaction cavity are all opened.

[0087] The T-NH3 operating curve of the ammonia synthesis reaction at an operating pressure of 14.5 MPa is as follows: Figure 5As shown, the ammonia concentration from 2.5% to 11.67% is the reaction operating line of the outer adiabatic reaction zone 402; the ammonia concentration from 11.67% to 18.67% is the reaction operating line of the inner cold reaction zone 403 (reaction and heat removal are carried out simultaneously); the ammonia concentration from 18.67% to 21.11% is the reaction operating line of the inner adiabatic reaction zone 404. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the present application can ensure that the system ammonia net value is greater than 18% when the load varies from 25% to 100%. The ammonia net value of the conventional ammonia synthesis reactor is generally about 18%, but when the load fluctuates, for example, when the load is 70%, the ammonia net value is only 15%, while the ammonia net value of the green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of the present application can still reach more than 18% when the load fluctuates.

[0088] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not contradict each other, they should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0089] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor characterized in that, It includes a housing, an exhaust pipe, and multiple independent reaction chambers disposed within the housing. Each of the multiple reaction chambers is provided with an independent first air inlet. The multiple reaction chambers are arranged sequentially in a first direction, and the exhaust pipe connects to the multiple reaction chambers.

2. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 1, wherein, The exhaust pipe is located inside the plurality of reaction chambers, and the exhaust pipe has a gas collection hole that communicates with each reaction chamber.

3. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 1, wherein, The flexible synthesis reactor for green ammonia also includes a catalyst frame and a reaction bed disposed in each of the reaction chambers. The reaction bed is disposed in the catalyst frame, and an annular air inlet is formed between the catalyst frame and the reaction chamber. The side wall of the catalyst frame is provided with a second air inlet that communicates with the annular air inlet.

4. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 1, wherein, The plurality of reaction chambers include an inner cylindrical body disposed within the outer shell and a partition disposed within the inner cylindrical body, the partition separating two adjacent reaction chambers.

5. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 3, wherein, The flexible ammonia synthesis reactor also includes a heat transfer component disposed within the reaction chamber. The heat transfer component is disposed within the catalyst frame and located between the inner wall of the catalyst frame and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, and divides the space of the catalyst frame radially from the outside to the inside into three sub-reaction zones: an outer insulated reaction zone, an inner cooling reaction zone, and an inner insulated reaction zone.

6. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 5, wherein, The air inlet of the heat transfer component is connected to the first air inlet, and the air outlet of the heat transfer component is connected to the annular gap air inlet.

7. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, One end of the exhaust pipe is a closed end, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is an exhaust end. The diameter of the exhaust pipe increases from the closed end to the exhaust end.

8. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of claim 2, wherein, The exhaust pipe includes a porous section and a variable diameter section with the same pipe diameter. The gas collecting hole is located on the porous section, and the variable diameter section increases in size from the closed end of the exhaust pipe to the exhaust end.

9. The green ammonia flexible synthesis reactor of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The flexible green ammonia synthesis reactor also includes an internal air inlet pipe, which is connected to a first air inlet of at least a portion of the reaction chamber, and the internal air inlet pipe is located within the reaction chamber.

10. An ammonia synthesis plant, characterized by The flexible synthesis reactor for green ammonia as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images