Driving shaft fixing and machining tool for machining mechanical parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drive shaft fixing and machining tool for machining mechanical parts, which belongs to the technical field of drive shaft machining and comprises a workbench, a driving box component is mounted at the left end of the workbench, a lathe chuck is mounted at the right end of the driving box component, and a drive shaft body is arranged on the right side of the lathe chuck. The driving shaft fixing and machining tool comprises a working table, a driving shaft body is arranged on the working table, a lathe tailstock assembly is arranged on the right side of the driving shaft body and located at the right end of the working table, and an adjustable clamping mechanism and a distance adjusting mechanism are arranged on the outer side of the driving shaft body. The adjustable clamping mechanism achieves accurate dynamic balance through a multi-mode hydraulic clamping system, the distance adjusting mechanism constructs a positioning system through high-precision transmission and a rigid supporting frame, and the tool has the wide-range clamping capacity, the high-rigidity vibration resistance characteristic and the rapid reconstruction advantage through the synergistic effect of the distance adjusting mechanism and the high-precision transmission and rigid supporting frame. The processing quality and the production efficiency of the driving shaft are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drive shaft processing technology, specifically a drive shaft fixing tool for machining mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] Machining of mechanical parts refers to the process of processing raw materials (such as metals and plastics) into mechanical parts that meet specific shapes, dimensions, precision, and surface quality according to design drawings and technical requirements through various machining methods. Common machining methods include turning, milling, grinding, drilling, and boring, involving equipment such as lathes, milling machines, and grinding machines. Drive shaft machining refers to the process of manufacturing drive shaft parts that meet design requirements from raw materials (such as high-strength alloy steel) through a series of precision machining processes. As a key component for transmitting power, drive shafts need to have high precision, high strength, and good wear resistance. The machining process usually includes turning, heat treatment, grinding, milling, and other processes to ensure that their dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties meet the usage requirements.

[0003] Patent application CN202011002348.6 discloses a drive shaft fixing machining fixture for machining mechanical parts. It "relates to the field of drive shaft machining fixture technology, solving the problems of: when clamping a drive shaft, firstly, the clamping seat needs to be adjusted to be larger than the diameter of the drive shaft; it cannot achieve auxiliary support for the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is prone to bumping and wear during placement; it cannot achieve reciprocating grinding of the marking area of ​​the drive shaft and automatic feeding of the grinding structure through structural improvements. A drive shaft fixing machining fixture for machining mechanical parts includes a base; two clamping structures are installed on the base. A rectangular block is welded to a fixed clamping seat; a rectangular slot is opened on a movable clamping seat; the rectangular block and the rectangular slot match and are connected by insertion, and the rectangular block and the rectangular slot together form a support structure when the drive shaft is placed." Based on the above patent search and combined with existing technology... During the machining of drive shafts, it was found that the aforementioned machining fixtures have a limited scope of application. In the fixed machining of drive shafts, lathes are usually used. The chuck, as the core component for workpiece clamping, has inherent technical limitations that significantly affect machining quality when dealing with special workpieces such as long shafts or irregularly shaped drive shafts. Specifically, the clamping range of traditional chucks is relatively fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the workpiece. This leads to uneven distribution of clamping force during machining. In addition, since chucks usually use a single support point, the workpiece is prone to elastic deformation due to insufficient rigidity when rotating at high speed or subjected to cutting forces, which affects machining accuracy. At the same time, this support method also exacerbates the vibration problem of the workpiece, especially when machining slender shaft parts, where the vibration phenomenon is more obvious and may even cause resonance effects. This not only reduces the surface finish but may also lead to accelerated tool wear, reduced machining efficiency, and even affect the service life of the machine tool.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A drive shaft fixing fixture for machining mechanical parts includes a worktable. A drive gearbox assembly is mounted on the left end of the worktable, and a lathe chuck is mounted on the right end of the drive gearbox assembly. A drive shaft is located on the right side of the lathe chuck, and a lathe tailstock assembly is located on the right side of the drive shaft. The tailstock assembly is located at the right end of the worktable. An adjustable clamping mechanism and a distance adjustment mechanism are provided on the outer side of the drive shaft. The adjustable clamping mechanism includes a hexagonal frame, a hydraulic cylinder, a bearing bracket, and a rotary bearing ring. The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the hexagonal frame, and the transmission end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bearing bracket. A rotary bearing ring is mounted on the bearing bracket. The distance adjustment mechanism includes reinforcing rods, a support frame, and a connecting column. A connecting column is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hexagonal frame, and a support frame is provided on the outer side of the connecting column. Reinforcing rods are fixedly mounted at both the front and rear ends of the support frame.

[0008] Optionally, multiple sets of the hydraulic cylinders, bearing brackets, and rotating bearing rings are all installed at the vertices of the hexagonal frame, which is a hollow hexagonal prism structure with its internal hollowed-out portion in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

[0009] Optionally, a support column is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hexagonal frame, and a fixed frame is provided on the inner side of the hexagonal frame, the fixed frame being connected to the hexagonal frame through the support column.

[0010] Optionally, the adjusting mechanism further includes a mounting plate and a support rod. The support rod is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the reinforcing rod, and the mounting plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support rod. The hexagonal frame is fixedly installed on the mounting plate.

[0011] Optionally, a nut seat is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower end of the mounting plate, and a ball screw is provided inside the nut seat.

[0012] Optionally, limit slides are installed at both the front and rear ends of the mounting plate, and limit rods are provided on the inner side of the limit slides.

[0013] Optionally, both the ball screw and the limiting rod are mounted on the worktable, and a drive motor is mounted on the left end of the ball screw.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. This utility model features an adjustable clamping mechanism, which offers several advantages: First, the modular hydraulic clamping structure, through switching between six, four, and three clamping modes, can adapt to shaft parts of different diameters, significantly expanding the applicability of traditional lathe chucks. Second, the clamping units with symmetrically arranged vertices of the hexagonal frame form a closed-loop force structure, ensuring uniform distribution of cutting force and reducing radial vibration amplitude compared to a single chuck clamping point. Third, for slender shafts, the three triangular clamping modes achieve dynamic balance through a 120° phase difference support, and combined with the floating compensation function of the rotary bearing ring, effectively suppressing resonance effects.

[0016] 2. In this utility model, an adjustment mechanism is provided. The position is adjusted under the drive of the drive motor through a double-rail positioning system composed of a ball screw and a limiting rod. With the rigid connection of the support rod and the reinforcing rod, the adjustable clamping mechanism remains stable during the stroke. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model from a frontal view.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional rear view structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the structure of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the structure of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in plan view of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the structure of this utility model. Figure 3 .

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Worktable; 2. Drive shaft; 3. Adjustable clamping mechanism; 301. Hexagonal frame; 302. Hydraulic cylinder; 303. Bearing bracket; 304. Rotary bearing ring; 305. Fixed frame; 306. Support column; 4. Adjustment mechanism; 401. Mounting plate; 402. Nut seat; 403. Ball screw; 404. Limiting rod; 405. Limiting slide; 406. Support rod; 407. Reinforcing rod; 408. Support frame; 409. Connecting column; 410. Drive motor; 5. Drive gearbox assembly; 6. Lathe chuck; 7. Lathe tailstock assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-9In this embodiment of the present invention, a drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts includes a worktable 1. A drive gearbox assembly 5 is mounted on the left end of the worktable 1, and a lathe chuck 6 is mounted on the right end of the drive gearbox assembly 5. A drive shaft body 2 is located on the right side of the lathe chuck 6, and a lathe tailstock assembly 7 is located on the right side of the drive shaft body 2. The lathe tailstock assembly 7 is located at the right end of the worktable 1. An adjustable clamping mechanism 3 and a distance adjustment mechanism 4 are provided on the outer side of the drive shaft body 2. The adjustable clamping mechanism 3 includes a hexagonal frame 301, a hydraulic cylinder 302, a bearing bracket 303, and a rotary bearing ring 304. A hydraulic cylinder 302 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of 1. A bearing bracket 303 is fixedly connected to the transmission end of the hydraulic cylinder 302. A rotating bearing ring 304 is installed on the bearing bracket 303. Multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders 302, bearing brackets 303 and rotating bearing rings 304 are all installed at the vertices of the hexagonal frame 301. The hexagonal frame 301 is a hollow hexagonal prism structure. Its hollowed-out part is in the shape of a hexagonal prism. A support column 306 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hexagonal frame 301. A fixed frame 305 is provided on the inner side of the hexagonal frame 301. The fixed frame 305 is connected to the hexagonal frame 301 through the support column 306.

[0031] When activating this fixture, firstly, the drive shaft 2 is mounted on the lathe chuck 6 using the drive gearbox assembly 5 and the lathe chuck 6. The drive gearbox assembly 5 and the lathe chuck 6 are existing lathe assemblies that can effectively clamp the drive shaft 2. The adjustable clamping mechanism 3 uses six sets of hydraulic cylinders 302, bearing brackets 303, and rotating bearing rings 304 to clamp the drive shaft 2. This is referred to as the clamping structure. It can effectively clamp the drive shaft 2 in multiple positions, ensuring the stability of the drive shaft 2. During activation, it can be flexibly adjusted according to the characteristics of the drive shaft 2, and can be roughly divided into the following three types of adjustments. The system offers three modes: a full-size mode with six clamping structures, suitable for clamping thick shafts; a four-group mode with four clamping structures spaced 90 degrees apart; and a three-group mode with three clamping structures spaced 120 degrees apart, forming a triangular support structure for clamping thin shafts. The specific working process is as follows: each hydraulic cylinder 302 needs to be pre-connected to the control terminal. Starting the hydraulic cylinder 302 pushes the bearing bracket 303 and the rotating bearing ring 304, bringing the rotating bearing ring 304 closer to the drive shaft 2, thus achieving the effect of clamping the drive shaft 2. The corresponding hydraulic cylinder 302 can be driven according to the three adjustment modes described above.

[0032] Among them, the adjustable clamping mechanism 3, through the modular design of six clamping structures, can flexibly switch clamping modes to adapt to different diameter requirements from thin shafts to thick shafts, reduce the frequency of tooling changes, and is especially suitable for multi-variety, small-batch production scenarios; the six symmetrically distributed clamping units form a uniform force ring to reduce machining vibration; the three triangular support modes for thin shafts can suppress radial runout.

[0033] The adjustment mechanism 4 includes reinforcing rods 407, a support frame 408, and connecting columns 409. Connecting columns 409 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hexagonal frame 301. The support frame 408 is located on the outer side of the connecting columns 409. Reinforcing rods 407 are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the support frame 408. The adjustment mechanism 4 also includes a mounting plate 401 and a support rod 406. The support rod 406 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the reinforcing rods 407. A mounting plate 406 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support rod 406. Plate 401, hexagonal frame 301 are fixedly installed on mounting plate 401, nut seat 402 is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower end of mounting plate 401, ball screw 403 is provided inside nut seat 402, limit slides 405 are installed at both the front and rear ends of mounting plate 401, limit rods 404 are provided on the inner side of limit slides 405, ball screw 403 and limit rods 404 are both installed on worktable 1, drive motor 410 is installed at the left end of ball screw 403;

[0034] The adjusting mechanism 4 works in conjunction with the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 to adjust the position of the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 on the worktable 1, so that the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 can effectively clamp drive shafts 2 of different lengths and shapes. Before use, the drive motor 410 needs to be powered on and connected to the control terminal. The drive motor 410 is started to drive the ball screw 403 to rotate. The ball screw 403 then drives the nut seat 402 and the mounting plate 401 at the upper end of the nut seat 402 and the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 above to move synchronously, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the position of the adjustable clamping mechanism 3.

[0035] The dual-rail positioning system, consisting of ball screw 403 and limit rod 404, adjusts the position under the drive of drive motor 410. The rigid connection of support rod 406 and reinforcing rod 407 ensures that the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 remains stable during the stroke.

[0036] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: First, the left end of the drive shaft 2 is fixed to the drive gearbox assembly 5 by the lathe chuck 6, and the right end is axially supported by the lathe tailstock assembly 7. When the adjusting mechanism 4 is activated, the drive motor 410 drives the ball screw 403 to rotate, which drives the nut seat 402 and the mounting plate 401 to move precisely along the limiting rod 404 and the limiting slide 405, so that the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 is adjusted to a position that matches the length of the drive shaft 2. Subsequently, the adjustable clamping mechanism 3 selects the clamping mode according to the shaft diameter characteristics: the hydraulic cylinder 302 is activated by the control terminal, which pushes the bearing bracket 303 and the rotating bearing ring 304 to perform multi-directional clamping on the drive shaft 2. For thick shafts... The hexagonal frame 301 has a fully open clamping structure at each of its six vertices, forming a 360° uniform clamping ring. For medium-diameter shafts, four sets of clamping structures spaced 90° apart form a rectangular support. For slender shafts, three sets of clamping structures spaced 120° apart form a triangular support. During clamping, the rotating bearing ring 304 maintains low friction and follows the high-speed rotation of the drive shaft 2. The composite support structure formed by the support column 306 and the fixed frame 305 disperses stress through the geometric symmetry of the hexagonal frame 301. Combined with the spatial truss system formed by the support frame 408, connecting column 409, and reinforcing rod 407 of the adjusting mechanism 4, it jointly suppresses radial runout and elastic deformation, ensuring processing stability.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts, comprising a worktable (1), wherein a drive gearbox assembly (5) is mounted on the left end of the worktable (1), a lathe chuck (6) is mounted on the right end of the drive gearbox assembly (5), a drive shaft body (2) is disposed on the right side of the lathe chuck (6), and a lathe tailstock assembly (7) is disposed on the right side of the drive shaft body (2), wherein the lathe tailstock assembly (7) is located at the right end of the worktable (1), characterized in that: An adjustable clamping mechanism (3) and a distance adjustment mechanism (4) are provided on the outer side of the drive shaft (2). The adjustable clamping mechanism (3) includes a hexagonal frame (301), a hydraulic cylinder (302), a bearing bracket (303), and a rotating bearing ring (304). The hydraulic cylinder (302) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hexagonal frame (301). The transmission end of the hydraulic cylinder (302) is fixedly connected to the bearing bracket (303). The rotating bearing ring (304) is installed on the bearing bracket (303). The distance adjustment mechanism (4) includes a reinforcing rod (407), a support frame (408), and a connecting column (409). The connecting column (409) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the hexagonal frame (301). The support frame (408) is provided on the outer side of the connecting column (409). The reinforcing rod (407) is fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the support frame (408).

2. The drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of the hydraulic cylinders (302), bearing brackets (303) and rotating bearing rings (304) are all installed at the vertices of the hexagonal frame (301), which is a hollow hexagonal prism structure with its hollowed-out interior in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

3. The drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support column (306) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the hexagonal frame (301), and a fixed frame (305) is provided on the inner side of the hexagonal frame (301). The fixed frame (305) is connected to the hexagonal frame (301) through the support column (306).

4. A drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (4) further includes a mounting plate (401) and a support rod (406). The support rod (406) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the reinforcing rod (407). The mounting plate (401) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the support rod (406). The hexagonal frame (301) is fixedly installed on the mounting plate (401).

5. A drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A nut seat (402) is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower end of the mounting plate (401), and a ball screw (403) is provided inside the nut seat (402).

6. A drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: Limiting slides (405) are installed at both the front and rear ends of the mounting plate (401), and limiting rods (404) are provided on the inner side of the limiting slides (405).

7. A drive shaft fixing tooling for machining mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ball screw (403) and the limiting rod (404) are both mounted on the worktable (1), and a drive motor (410) is mounted on the left end of the ball screw (403).

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