Electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric automobile which comprises an electric automobile body, a driving motor, a power battery and a cooling circulation pipeline, the driving motor and the power battery are installed on the electric automobile body, and the cooling circulation pipeline comprises a low-temperature radiator, a three-way valve and a four-way valve. The output end of a radiating pipeline of the driving motor is connected with the input end of a three-way valve, the first output end of the three-way valve is connected with a first water pump through a low-temperature radiator, and the second output end of the three-way valve is directly connected with the first water pump which is connected with the first input end of a four-way valve. The first output end of the four-way valve is connected with the input end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor, and the second output end of the four-way valve is connected with the second input end of the four-way valve through the heating pipeline of the power battery and the second water pump. The heat generated by the driving motor is used for heating the power battery, so that the performance of the power battery in a low-temperature environment can be kept, and the performance of the electric vehicle in a cold environment is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the battery heating demand of new energy vehicles is becoming more and more important in cold regions. In order to meet the convenience of users using new energy vehicles in cold regions, more efficient and cost-saving battery heating technology is needed.

[0003] In the existing new energy vehicle market, a part of the batteries are not actively heated, the power battery, the battery cooler, the condenser, the driving motor, the electronic water pump and the DCDC three-in-one drive their own functions respectively, and the battery pack is not heated by some heating functions. The performance of this part of electric vehicles in cold environments is poor, which affects the user experience; a part of the electric vehicles use the traditional PTC heater heating method (wherein, the PTC heater refers to a heater using a thermistor material with a positive temperature coefficient effect), which provides power to the PTC heater through an external power source, converts the electric energy into heat energy, and then heats the battery through the heat energy. This part of the electric vehicles adds the PTC heater, which increases the cost, and the waste heat generated by the driving motor of the above two types of electric vehicles is dissipated through the low-temperature radiator, causing energy waste. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In order to effectively overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the main purpose of the present application is to provide an electric automobile which can efficiently heat the power battery, improve performance, and has low cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are specifically adopted in the present application:

[0006] The present application provides an electric automobile, which comprises:

[0007] An electric automobile body;

[0008] A driving motor installed on the electric automobile body for driving the electric automobile body to run;

[0009] A power battery arranged in the electric automobile body for providing electric energy for the driving motor;

[0010] The cooling circulation pipeline comprises a low-temperature radiator, a three-way valve, a four-way valve, a first water pump and a second water pump, an output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor is connected with an input end of the three-way valve, a first output end of the three-way valve is connected with a first input end of the four-way valve through the low-temperature radiator and the first water pump, a second output end of the three-way valve is connected with the first input end of the four-way valve through the first water pump, a first output end of the four-way valve is connected with an input end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor, a second output end of the four-way valve is connected with an input end of the heating pipeline of the power battery, and an output end of the heating pipeline of the power battery is connected with a second input end of the four-way valve through the second water pump.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a vehicle controller and a first temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is arranged on the power battery and is used for detecting the temperature of the power battery, and the vehicle controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the three-way valve and the four-way valve respectively, and is used for controlling the opening state of the three-way valve and the four-way valve based on the detection result of the first temperature sensor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle further comprises a high-voltage on-board charger assembly, an output end of the first water pump is connected with an input end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly, and an output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly is connected with the first input end of the four-way valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a first expansion tank, and the first expansion tank is connected with an input end of the first water pump, an output end of the low-temperature radiator and an output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly respectively.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a second temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor is arranged on an output end pipeline of the first water pump and is used for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the output end pipeline of the first water pump, and the vehicle controller is connected with the second temperature sensor and is used for controlling the operation of the driving motor based on the detection result of the second temperature sensor.

[0015] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a third temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor is arranged on a second input end pipeline of the four-way valve and is used for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the second input end pipeline of the four-way valve, and the vehicle controller is connected with the third temperature sensor and is used for controlling the operation of the driving motor based on the detection result of the third temperature sensor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a fourth temperature sensor arranged on an input pipeline of the driving motor, for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the input pipeline of the driving motor, and the vehicle controller is connected with the fourth temperature sensor, for controlling the operation of the driving motor based on the detection result of the fourth temperature sensor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle further comprises an air conditioning cooling system installed on the electric vehicle body, for cooling the power battery.

[0018] In some embodiments, the air conditioning cooling system comprises a battery cooler for heat exchange with the power battery, and the output of the second water pump is connected with the second input of the four-way valve through the battery cooler.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a second expansion tank connected with the second water pump and the battery cooler respectively.

[0020] The electric vehicle provided by the present application comprises an electric vehicle body, a driving motor, a power battery and a cooling circulation pipeline. The driving motor is installed on the electric vehicle body and used to drive the electric vehicle body to operate. The power battery is arranged on the electric vehicle body and used to provide electric energy for the driving motor. The cooling circulation pipeline comprises a low-temperature radiator, a three-way valve, a four-way valve, a first water pump and a second water pump. The output of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor is connected with the input of the three-way valve. The first output of the three-way valve is connected with the first input of the four-way valve through the low-temperature radiator and the first water pump. The second output of the three-way valve is connected with the first input of the four-way valve through the first water pump. The first output of the four-way valve is connected with the input of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor. The second output of the four-way valve is connected with the input of the heating pipeline of the power battery. The output of the heating pipeline of the power battery is connected with the second input of the four-way valve through the second water pump. Compared with the prior art, the heat generated by the motor is used to heat the power battery in the present application, so that the performance of the power battery in a low-temperature environment can be maintained, and the performance of the electric vehicle in a cold environment can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The partial structure module block diagram of the electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 The power battery heating flow chart provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0023] IDENTIFICATION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] 1, drive motor; 2, power battery; 3, high-voltage on-board charger assembly; 4, air conditioning cooling system; 41, battery cooler; 42, air conditioning assembly; 43, condenser; 5, cooling circulation pipeline; 51, low-temperature radiator; 52, three-way valve; 53, four-way valve; 54, first water pump; 55, second water pump; 56, first expansion tank; 57, second expansion tank; 58, second temperature sensor; 59, third temperature sensor; 60, fourth temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and cannot be used to limit the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term "multiple" means two or more; the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected, or electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the "upper", "lower" and the like described in the embodiments of the present application are described from the angle shown in the drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should also be understood that when referring to one element connected to another element "on" or "below", it can be directly connected to another element "on" or "below", or indirectly connected to another element "on" or "below" through an intermediate element.

[0028] At present, the battery heating demand of new energy vehicles is becoming more and more important in cold regions. In order to meet the convenience of users using new energy vehicles in cold regions, more efficient and low-cost battery heating technology is needed. The motor active heating technology is one of the more efficient battery heating methods, and it saves cost, plays an important role in controlling vehicle cost and meeting the needs of users using new energy vehicles in cold regions. The motor active heating technology is an important means to maintain the performance of the battery and prolong the service life of the battery of the electric vehicle in low temperature environment. This technology converts part of the electric energy into heat energy by controlling the running state of the motor, so as to improve the temperature of the motor, so that the heat generated by the motor can be used to heat the battery, and thus the performance of the vehicle in cold environment can be improved.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the embodiments of the present application disclose an electric vehicle, which comprises an electric vehicle body, a driving motor 1, a power battery 2, a high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, a cooling circulation pipeline 5 and a vehicle control unit. The driving motor 1, the power battery 2, the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 and the vehicle control unit are arranged in the electric vehicle body, the power battery 2 is used for providing electric energy for the driving motor 1, and the driving motor 1 is used for driving the electric vehicle body to run. The high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 integrates the functions of an on-board charger (OBC), a DC / DC converter and a power distribution unit (PDU). The vehicle control unit (VCU) is a core control unit of a new energy vehicle control system, which is responsible for controlling and managing the whole vehicle. The cooling circulation pipeline 5 is arranged in the electric vehicle body and is used for cooling the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3. The cooling circulation pipeline 5 can also use the heat generated by the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 to heat the power battery 2, so that the power battery 2 can maintain performance in a low-temperature environment.

[0030] In order to facilitate heat dissipation of the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, a heat dissipation pipeline is arranged on the surface of the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 respectively. The heat dissipation pipeline can take away the heat generated by the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, so as to realize cooling of the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3. In order to facilitate heating of the power battery 2, a heating pipeline is arranged on the surface of the power battery 2. The heating pipeline can exchange heat with the power battery 2, so as to realize heating of the power battery 2.

[0031] The cooling circulation pipeline 5 comprises a low-temperature radiator 51, a three-way valve 52, a four-way valve 53, a first water pump 54 and a second water pump 55. The output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 is connected with the input end of the three-way valve 52. The first output end of the three-way valve 52 is connected with the input end of the first water pump 54 through the low-temperature radiator 51. The second output end of the three-way valve 52 is directly connected with the input end of the first water pump 54. The output end of the first water pump 54 is connected with the input end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3. The output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 is connected with the first input end of the four-way valve 53. The first output end of the four-way valve 53 is connected with the input end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1. The second output end of the four-way valve 53 is connected with the input end of the heating pipeline of the power battery 2. The output end of the heating pipeline of the power battery 2 is connected with the second input end of the four-way valve 53 through the second water pump 55.

[0032] When the power battery 2 needs to be heated due to low temperature of the power battery 2 in a low temperature environment, the fluid medium (which can be water) absorbing heat of the driving motor 1 in the cooling circulation pipeline can flow to the heating pipeline of the power battery 2 under the action of the first water pump 54, so as to heat the power battery 2, and then flow back to the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 under the action of the second water pump 55, so as to maintain the performance of the power battery 2 in the low temperature environment, and further improve the performance of the electric vehicle in the cold environment.

[0033] Referring to Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1, the driving motor 1 is integrated with a motor and a micro control unit (MCU), when the power battery 2 needs to be heated, the flow direction of the fluid medium in the pipeline is as the arrow direction in FIG. 1, that is, the heat generated by the motor is only circulated between the motor, the MCU, the power battery 2 and the alternating current charging and power distribution, so that the heat generated by the motor can heat the battery pack. Figure 2

[0034] In order to facilitate the control of the heating of the power battery 2, the cooling circulation pipeline 5 further includes a first temperature sensor, which is arranged on the power battery 2 and is used to detect the temperature of the power battery 2. The vehicle controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the three-way valve 52 and the four-way valve 53 respectively, and is used to control the opening state of the three-way valve 52 and the four-way valve 53 based on the detection result of the first temperature sensor. For example, if the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the power battery 2 is lower than a certain preset value (for example, lower than -10℃), the power battery 2 needs to be heated, the channel V1-V3 of the three-way valve 52 can be controlled to be opened, and the channel V3-V4 and the channel V1-V2 of the four-way valve 53 can be controlled to be opened. If the first temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the power battery 2 is higher than a certain preset value (for example, higher than 5℃), the power battery 2 does not need to be heated, the channel V1-V2 of the three-way valve 52 can be controlled to be opened, and the channel V2-V4 of the four-way valve 53 can be controlled to be opened.

[0035] ​The cooling circulation pipeline 5 further comprises a second temperature sensor 58, a third temperature sensor 59 and a fourth temperature sensor 60. The second temperature sensor 58 is arranged on the output pipeline of the first water pump 54, and is configured to detect the temperature of the fluid medium in the output pipeline of the first water pump 54. The third temperature sensor 59 is arranged on the second input pipeline of the four-way valve 53, and is configured to detect the temperature of the fluid medium in the second input pipeline of the four-way valve 53. The fourth temperature sensor 60 is arranged on the input pipeline of the driving motor 1, and is configured to detect the temperature of the fluid medium in the input pipeline of the driving motor 1. The vehicle controller is connected with the second temperature sensor 58, the third temperature sensor 59 and the fourth temperature sensor 60, and is configured to control the operation of the driving motor 1 based on the detection results of the second temperature sensor 58, the third temperature sensor 59 and the fourth temperature sensor 60. For example, the heat generation of the driving motor 1 can be controlled according to the temperature of the fluid medium, so as to improve the heating effect on the power battery 2.

[0036] In order to further improve the performance of the power battery, the electric vehicle further comprises an air conditioning cooling system 4, which is installed on the body of the electric vehicle and is configured to cool the power battery 2. In some embodiments, the air conditioning cooling system 4 comprises a condenser 43, an air conditioning assembly 42 and a battery cooler 41. The condenser 43 is configured to release heat of the refrigerant in the air conditioning cooling system 4, and the battery cooler 41 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant with lower temperature and the power battery 2, so as to cool the power battery 2.

[0037] In some embodiments, the output of the second water pump 55 is connected with the second input of the four-way valve 53 through the battery cooler 41. In this embodiment, the existing components can be fully utilized for the pipeline arrangement, so as to reduce the cost and the space occupation.

[0038] For example, when the temperature of the environment is high or the power battery is used for a long time, the temperature of the power battery 2 is high, and the power battery 2 needs to be cooled. At this time, the power battery 2 can be cooled by the air conditioning cooling system 4. When the temperature of the environment is low, the temperature of the power battery 2 is low, and the power battery 2 needs to be heated. At this time, the power battery 2 can be heated by using the heat generated by the driving motor 1 and the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3.

[0039] The cooling circulation pipeline 5 further comprises a first expansion tank 56 and a second expansion tank 57. The first expansion tank 56 is connected with the input end of the first water pump 54, the output end of the low-temperature radiator 51, and the output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, respectively. The second expansion tank 57 is connected with the second water pump 55 and the battery cooler 41, respectively. In this embodiment, the first expansion tank 56 and the second expansion tank 57 are arranged to accommodate the increased volume of the water medium in the pipeline due to temperature change and maintain the stability of the pressure when the pipeline is replenished with water.

[0040] In an actual application scenario, when the power battery 2 does not need to be heated in a high-temperature environment, the first water pump 54 is started, and the channels V1-V2 of the three-way valve 52 and the channels V2-V4 of the four-way valve 53 are opened. At this time, under the action of the first water pump 54, the fluid medium in the heat dissipation pipeline of the drive motor 1 absorbs the heat generated by the drive motor 1, and then flows to the low-temperature radiator 51 for heat dissipation, and then flows back to the drive motor 1 in sequence through the first water pump 54, the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, and the four-way valve 53.

[0041] In a low temperature environment, when the power battery 2 needs to be heated, there are two cases. The first case is that the electric vehicle is static, for example, the electric vehicle is in a charging state. At this time, the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 is running, and the driving motor 1 is controlled to run in a locked rotor state, and the first water pump 54 and the second water pump 55 are started, the channels V1-V3 of the three-way valve 52 are opened, the channels V3-V4 and V1-V2 of the four-way valve 53 are opened. At this time, under the action of the first water pump 54, the fluid medium in the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 absorbs the heat generated by the driving motor 1, and then flows to the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 through the first water pump 54, and absorbs the heat generated by the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, and then flows to the heating pipeline of the power battery 2 through the four-way valve 53, and exchanges heat with the power battery 2 to heat the power battery 2. Then, under the action of the second water pump 55, it flows back to the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 through the four-way valve 53. The second case is that the electric vehicle is dynamic, for example, the electric vehicle is in a running state. At this time, the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 is not running and does not generate heat. The driving motor 1 can be controlled to run, so that the driving motor 1 converts part of the electric energy into kinetic energy to drive the vehicle body to run, and the driving motor 1 converts part of the electric energy into heat energy. At the same time, the first water pump 54 and the second water pump 55 are started, the channels V1-V3 of the three-way valve 52 are opened, and the channels V3-V4 and V1-V2 of the four-way valve 53 are opened. At this time, under the action of the first water pump 54, the fluid medium in the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 absorbs the heat generated by the driving motor 1, and then flows to the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3 through the first water pump 54, and then flows to the heating pipeline of the power battery 2 through the four-way valve 53, and exchanges heat with the power battery 2 to heat the power battery 2. Then, under the action of the second water pump 55, it flows back to the heat dissipation pipeline of the driving motor 1 through the four-way valve 53.

[0042] The application has the following technical effects by reforming the pipeline, innovatively providing a three-way valve 52 and a four-way valve 53, and intelligently controlling the water flow direction and flow rate, so that the heat generated by the driving motor 1 can flow into the heating pipeline of the power battery 2 through the fluid medium in sequence through the three-way valve 52, the first water pump 54, the high-voltage on-board charger assembly 3, and the four-way valve 53, thereby heating the power battery 2. Then, in sequence, flow through the battery cooler and the four-way valve 53 and flow back to the driving motor 1.

[0043] From the static and dynamic analysis of the vehicle, the application has the following technical effects:

[0044] a, static part, no motor active heating vehicle, in cold environment, need to heat the battery pack by external power supply, the heat generated by the battery pack to heat the battery pack into the charging link, during the estimated waiting time 0.5 hours~1 hours, not equal to the user travel inconvenience. With motor active heating vehicle, while charging, motor active heating can make the battery pack faster to the temperature required for charging, estimated to save waiting time more than 50%.

[0045] b, dynamic part, in cold area, when the battery pack temperature is low enough, the vehicle can only drive slowly. No motor active heating vehicle, the vehicle driving process is still through the battery pack heating generated by the waste heat synchronization heating battery, low efficiency. With motor active heating vehicle, vehicle driving process, motor active heating, can save more than 50% time for the battery pack to heat to the normal speed of vehicle driving.

[0046] The above, only for the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to this, any skilled in the art of the technical personnel in the technical range of the present application, can easily think of changes or replacement, should be covered in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising: The electric vehicle comprises: an electric vehicle body; a drive motor mounted on the electric vehicle body for driving the electric vehicle body to run; a power battery arranged on the electric vehicle body for providing electric energy for the drive motor; a cooling circulation pipeline comprising a low-temperature radiator, a three-way valve, a four-way valve, a first water pump and a second water pump, an output end of a heat dissipation pipeline of the drive motor is connected with an input end of the three-way valve, a first output end of the three-way valve is connected with a first input end of the four-way valve through the low-temperature radiator and the first water pump, a second output end of the three-way valve is connected with the first input end of the four-way valve through the first water pump, a first output end of the four-way valve is connected with an input end of a heating pipeline of the power battery, an output end of the heating pipeline of the power battery is connected with a second input end of the four-way valve through the second water pump.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a vehicle controller and a first temperature sensor, the first temperature sensor is arranged on the power battery for detecting the temperature of the power battery, the vehicle controller is connected with the first temperature sensor, the three-way valve and the four-way valve respectively for controlling the opening state of the three-way valve and the four-way valve based on the detection result of the first temperature sensor.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The electric vehicle further comprises a high-voltage on-board charger assembly, an output end of the first water pump is connected with an input end of a heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly, an output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly is connected with the first input end of the four-way valve.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a first expansion tank, the first expansion tank is connected with an input end of the first water pump, an output end of the low-temperature radiator and an output end of the heat dissipation pipeline of the high-voltage on-board charger assembly respectively.

5. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a second temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor is arranged on an output end pipeline of the first water pump for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the output end pipeline of the first water pump, the vehicle controller is connected with the second temperature sensor for controlling the running of the drive motor based on the detection result of the second temperature sensor.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a third temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor is arranged on a second input end pipeline of the four-way valve for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the second input end pipeline of the four-way valve, the vehicle controller is connected with the third temperature sensor for controlling the running of the drive motor based on the detection result of the third temperature sensor.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 6, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a fourth temperature sensor, the fourth temperature sensor is arranged on an input end pipeline of the drive motor for detecting the temperature of the fluid medium in the input end pipeline of the drive motor, the vehicle controller is connected with the fourth temperature sensor for controlling the running of the drive motor based on the detection result of the fourth temperature sensor.

8. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The electric vehicle further comprises an air-conditioning cooling system installed on the electric vehicle body for cooling the power battery.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 8, wherein, The air-conditioning cooling system comprises a battery cooler for heat exchange with the power battery, and an output end of the second water pump is connected with a second input end of the four-way valve through the battery cooler.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 9, wherein, The cooling circulation pipeline further comprises a second expansion tank connected with the second water pump and the battery cooler respectively.

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