Controller for air conditioner compressor of new energy automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobile control, and provides a new energy automobile air conditioner compressor controller which comprises a main control unit, and the main control unit is in signal connection with a magnetic field orientation control unit and a detection unit. The detection unit outputs a detection signal to the main control unit, the magnetic field orientation control unit receives an instruction of the main control unit and generates a PWM driving signal by decoupling a motor magnetic field and torque based on the instruction, and the main control unit generates a control instruction based on the PWM driving signal and outputs the control instruction to a compressor motor. According to the application, the purposes of improving the response precision and speed and providing better experience for the user are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle control, and in particular to a new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, the air conditioning system plays a crucial role in the comfort of the in-vehicle environment. As the core component of the air conditioning system, the performance of the air conditioning compressor's controller directly affects the compressor's operating efficiency and reliability.

[0003] Currently, conventional automotive air conditioning compressor controllers mostly employ relatively simple control strategies. These strategies prove inadequate when faced with complex operating conditions. For example, when a vehicle is climbing an incline, the engine load increases, and the vehicle's electrical distribution becomes strained. In this situation, traditional controllers struggle to quickly and accurately adjust the compressor motor output, causing the compressor to operate inefficiently. This not only significantly reduces cooling or heating performance but also increases energy consumption. Furthermore, in congested urban traffic conditions with frequent starts and stops, traditional controllers cannot quickly adapt to changes in operating conditions, resulting in significant fluctuations in compressor motor speed. This leads to unstable interior temperature, affecting the comfort of passengers.

[0004] Based on the above problems, it is urgent to develop a new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller that can ensure the compressor motor can operate efficiently and accurately under different operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of ensuring efficient and precise operation of compressor motors under various working conditions, this application provides a controller for air conditioning compressors in new energy vehicles.

[0006] This application provides a controller for an air conditioning compressor in a new energy vehicle, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A controller for an air conditioning compressor in a new energy vehicle includes a main control unit, which is signal-connected to a field-oriented control unit and a detection unit. The detection unit outputs a detection signal to the main control unit. The field-oriented control unit receives instructions from the main control unit and generates a PWM drive signal based on the instructions by decoupling the motor's magnetic field and torque. The main control unit generates control instructions based on the PWM drive signal and outputs them to the compressor motor.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the control of the motor is decoupled into independent control of the magnetic field and torque through the field-oriented control unit, similar to the efficient control method of DC motor. This enables the compressor motor to accurately output the required torque and speed under different operating conditions, improves response accuracy and speed, and provides users with a better experience.

[0009] Preferably, the main control unit is further connected to a PWM signal generation circuit and a power inverter circuit. The PWM signal generation circuit receives the PWM drive signal forwarded by the main control unit, generates a PWM signal based on the PWM drive signal, and the main control unit receives and forwards the PWM signal.

[0010] The power inverter circuit receives and drives the compressor to operate based on the PWM signal.

[0011] By employing the above technical solution, the PWM signal generation circuit and the power inverter circuit work together to generate a PWM signal according to the instructions of the main control unit and drive the compressor motor. This control method can flexibly adjust the speed and power of the compressor motor. By changing the duty cycle and frequency of the PWM signal, the conduction and cutoff of the power inverter circuit can be precisely controlled, thereby adjusting the voltage and current output to the motor and achieving stepless adjustment of the motor speed. For example, when the interior temperature is close to the set value, the motor speed can be reduced to decrease the cooling output, maintaining a stable interior temperature while reducing power consumption; when rapid cooling is required, the motor speed can be increased to enhance the cooling effect.

[0012] Preferably, the main control unit is signal-connected to an overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit. The overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit has a built-in voltage detection circuit and a voltage judgment circuit. The input signal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the power supply voltage, and the output signal of the voltage detection circuit is connected to the voltage judgment circuit. The output signal of the voltage judgment circuit is connected to the main control unit. When the power supply voltage signal is detected to exceed a preset range, the voltage judgment circuit sends a signal to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the PWM signal generation circuit to adjust the output.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, measures can be quickly taken to protect the compressor and other electronic equipment when the power supply voltage exceeds the safe range. Specifically, when the voltage is too high, it prevents electronic components from being damaged by excessive voltage; when the voltage is too low, it prevents the compressor motor from failing to start normally or running unstablely due to insufficient voltage, thereby extending the service life of the equipment, improving system reliability, and reducing the failure rate caused by abnormal voltage.

[0014] Preferably, the main control unit is connected to an overheat protection subunit, which includes a temperature sensor and a temperature signal judgment circuit. The temperature sensor is located on one side of the compressor housing, and its output is connected to the temperature signal judgment circuit, which in turn is connected to the main control unit. When the temperature signal exceeds a set threshold, the temperature signal judgment circuit sends a signal to the main control unit, which then controls the compressor to reduce its power or shut down.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the overheat protection module detects the temperature using a temperature sensor installed on the side of the compressor casing. Once the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the main control unit promptly adjusts the output of the power inverter circuit. This effectively prevents the compressor from malfunctioning due to overheating, protecting the internal mechanical components and electrical parts of the compressor.

[0016] Preferably, the main control unit is signal-connected to a stall protection subunit, which includes a current sensor, a speed sensor, and a judgment circuit. The output terminals of the current sensor and the speed sensor are both signal-connected to the judgment circuit. When the temperature signal is higher than a set threshold and the speed signal is lower than a set threshold, the judgment circuit sends a signal to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the compressor power supply to be cut off.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the compressor stalls, the motor current increases sharply. If not handled in time, this can cause the motor windings to overheat and burn out. The stall protection module can cut off the power supply within milliseconds, protecting the motor from damage. It also avoids system failures caused by motor stalling, such as interruption of the refrigeration cycle and abnormal pressure rise, thus ensuring the normal operation of the automotive air conditioning system.

[0018] Preferably, the main control unit is signal-connected to a CAN bus communication unit, and the other end of the CAN bus communication unit is signal-connected to the vehicle electronic control system.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the main control unit can intelligently adjust the air conditioning system parameters based on the status information provided by the vehicle's electronic control system, such as vehicle speed, engine operating conditions, and power requirements of other equipment in the vehicle. For example, when the vehicle is traveling at high speed, the air conditioning cooling capacity can be adjusted appropriately to reduce energy consumption; when the engine load is high, priority is given to ensuring the operation of key components such as the engine, and power resources are rationally allocated to improve the overall vehicle's collaborative performance and energy utilization efficiency.

[0020] In summary, this application decouples the control of the motor into independent control of the magnetic field and torque through the field-oriented control unit, similar to the efficient control method of DC motors. This enables the compressor motor to accurately output the required torque and speed under different operating conditions, improving response accuracy and speed, and providing users with a better experience. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Main control unit; 2. Magnetic field orientation control unit; 3. Detection unit; 31. Overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit; 311. Voltage detection circuit; 312. Voltage judgment circuit; 32. Overheat protection subunit; 321. Temperature sensor; 322. Temperature signal judgment circuit; 33. Stall protection subunit; 331. Current sensor; 332. Speed ​​sensor; 333. Judgment circuit; 4. PWM signal generation circuit; 5. Power inverter circuit; 6. CAN bus communication unit. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Referring to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, the composition, features, and advantages of the new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to this application will be described by way of example below; however, all descriptions should not be construed as limiting this application in any way.

[0024] Furthermore, for any single technical feature described or implied in the embodiments mentioned herein, or any single technical feature shown or implied in the accompanying drawings, this application still allows for any combination or deletion of these technical features (or their equivalents) without any technical obstacle, and thus these further embodiments according to this application should also be considered within the scope of this description.

[0025] It should also be noted that terms such as "setup" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of a new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to this application.

[0027] A new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller includes a main control unit 1, a field-oriented control unit 2, and a detection unit 3; wherein, the main control unit 1 is signal-connected to the compressor motor and used to control the operating state of the compressor motor; the main control unit 1 is signal-connected to the field-oriented control unit 2 and the detection unit 3, and the main control unit 1 receives the output signals of the field-oriented control unit 2 and the detection unit 3 and makes corresponding responses.

[0028] The main control unit 1 outputs control commands to the field-oriented control unit 2. The field-oriented control unit 2 generates a PWM drive signal by decoupling the motor's magnetic field and torque, and feeds it back to the main control unit 1. The main control unit 1 drives the compressor motor based on the PWM drive signal. The detection unit 3 detects relevant information and transmits it to the main control unit 1 as a detection signal. The main control unit 1 outputs corresponding commands to the compressor motor based on the detection signal to ensure the compressor motor's lifespan. These control commands can be input by the driver or passengers. The main control unit 1 converts these input commands into control commands so that the field-oriented control unit 2 can recognize them.

[0029] Specifically, the main control unit 1 is the core of the entire controller. In this embodiment, the main control unit 1 can be a controller such as an MCU. The field-oriented control unit 2 is bidirectionally connected to the main control unit 1. When the main control unit 1 issues a command, the field-oriented control unit 2 responds immediately. Based on the field-oriented control principle, it decouples the magnetic field and torque of the compressor motor. This uses a technical solution already disclosed in the prior art, and this embodiment does not improve upon the above technical solution. Then, the field-oriented control unit 2 outputs a PWM drive signal to the main control unit 1 to drive the compressor motor. The detection unit 3 includes various sensors, such as a temperature sensor 321 for detecting the compressor casing temperature, a current sensor 331 for monitoring the motor current, a speed sensor 332 for measuring the motor speed, and a voltage detection circuit 311 for detecting the power supply voltage. These sensors collect various signals and transmit the detection signals to the main control unit 1. The main control unit 1 responds accordingly based on these detection signals to protect the service life of the compressor motor.

[0030] Specifically, the field-oriented control unit 2 is based on the FOC algorithm. Through some mathematical transformations, it converts the physical quantities of the motor in the three-phase stationary coordinate system to the two-phase rotating coordinate system, thereby realizing independent control of the magnetic field current component and the torque current component, and then generating a precise PWM drive signal, which is fed back to the main control unit 1.

[0031] The detection unit 3 includes an overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit 31, an overheat protection subunit 32, and a stall protection subunit 33. The main control unit 1 outputs corresponding commands through the three subunits based on the detected different parameters, so as to better protect the compressor motor and extend the service life of the compressor motor.

[0032] The overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit 31 includes a voltage detection circuit 311 and a voltage judgment circuit 312. The voltage detection circuit 311 detects the power supply voltage. When the voltage detection circuit 311 detects a voltage signal, it forwards the voltage signal to the voltage judgment circuit 312. The voltage judgment circuit 312 compares the detected voltage value with a preset safety range. If the voltage exceeds the preset safety range, the compressor motor operates normally. If the power supply voltage exceeds the preset safety range, an abnormal signal is immediately sent to the main control unit 1.

[0033] The overheat protection subunit 32 includes a temperature sensor 321 and a temperature signal judgment circuit 322 connected by a signal. The output of the temperature signal judgment circuit 322 is connected to the main control unit 1. The temperature sensor 321 is installed on one side of the compressor housing and is used to detect the temperature of the compressor. During operation, the temperature sensor 321 transmits the real-time temperature signal to the temperature signal judgment circuit 322, which compares the received temperature signal with a set threshold.

[0034] When the temperature signal does not exceed the set threshold, the compressor motor operates normally. When the temperature signal exceeds the set threshold, the temperature signal judgment circuit 322 immediately sends an overheat signal to the main control unit 1. The aforementioned preset threshold refers to the signal value corresponding to the highest temperature at which the compressor can operate safely. In this embodiment, a conventional comparison circuit is used for judgment, but a software algorithm can also be used; only the signal judgment needs to be implemented.

[0035] The stall protection subunit 33 includes a current sensor 331, a speed sensor 332, and a judgment circuit 333. The output terminals of both the current sensor 331 and the speed sensor 332 are connected to the judgment circuit 333. The current sensor 331 detects the compressor motor current and outputs a current signal, while the speed sensor 332 detects the compressor motor speed and outputs a speed signal. The detected current and speed signals are transmitted to the judgment circuit 333.

[0036] The judgment circuit 333 analyzes and judges based on the current signal and speed signal. When the current signal is less than the set threshold or the speed is higher than the set threshold, the compressor motor continues to work.

[0037] When the current signal exceeds the threshold and the rotational speed remains below the set threshold, the judgment circuit 333 determines that the compressor is stalled and quickly sends a stall signal to the main control unit 1. Upon receiving the stall signal, the main control unit 1 outputs a control command to the power supply and immediately executes control to cut off the compressor's power supply to prevent the motor windings from overheating and burning out due to prolonged stalling. This also reduces the probability of serious disruptions to the normal operation of the automotive air conditioning system caused by motor stalling, such as interruption of the refrigeration cycle and abnormal increase in system pressure.

[0038] The aforementioned threshold values ​​are all signal values ​​corresponding to the current signal or speed under safe operating conditions, used to determine whether the current operating state of the compressor motor is safe.

[0039] The main control unit 1 is also connected to a PWM signal generation circuit 4 and a power inverter circuit 5. Specifically, after receiving a PWM drive signal, the main control unit 1 forwards it to the PWM signal generation circuit 4. Based on this, the PWM signal generation circuit 4 generates a PWM signal with a specific duty cycle and frequency by adjusting circuit parameters and other methods, and forwards it to the main control unit 1, which then forwards it to the power inverter circuit 5. The power inverter circuit 5 typically uses power switching devices such as IGBTs. According to the received PWM signal, it quickly and orderly controls the conduction and cutoff of the power switches, converting DC power into AC power to provide drive power for the compressor motor, thereby achieving flexible adjustment of the compressor motor speed and power. When the voltage is too high, the main control unit 1 reduces the duty cycle of the PWM signal based on the signal output by the overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit 31, reducing the input voltage of the power inverter circuit 5, thereby preventing electronic components from being damaged due to overvoltage.

[0040] When the voltage judgment circuit 312 outputs an abnormal signal to the main control unit 1, it controls the PWM signal generation circuit 4 to adjust its output. When the voltage is too low, the PWM signal is adjusted to make the compressor motor run at a lower power or temporarily stop, so as to avoid the motor from failing to work properly or even being damaged due to insufficient voltage. The aforementioned preset safety range refers to the signal corresponding to the safety range of the power supply voltage signal set manually. In this embodiment, a conventional comparison circuit is used for judgment, but a software algorithm can also be used for judgment. It is only necessary to implement the signal judgment.

[0041] When the main control unit 1 receives an overheat signal, it outputs control commands to control the compressor to reduce power operation, such as reducing the frequency or duty cycle of the PWM signal, reducing the power output of the power inverter circuit 5 to the compressor motor, thereby reducing the working intensity of the compressor and causing the temperature to gradually decrease; if the temperature is too high and does not decrease, the main control unit 1 controls the compressor to stop to protect the internal mechanical parts and electrical components of the compressor and prevent serious failures caused by overheating.

[0042] The CAN bus communication unit 6 provides a signal communication channel between the controller and the vehicle's electronic control system. One end of the CAN bus communication unit 6 is connected to the main control unit 1, and the other end is tightly connected to the vehicle's electronic control system. The vehicle's electronic control system transmits various real-time operating status information of the vehicle, such as vehicle speed, engine status, and power requirements of other in-vehicle devices, to the CAN bus communication unit 6 via the CAN bus. The CAN bus communication unit 6 then transmits this information to the main control unit 1. Based on the received vehicle status information and combined with preset control strategies and algorithms, the main control unit 1 intelligently adjusts the air conditioning system parameters. When the vehicle is traveling at high speed, the main control unit 1 determines that the overall energy consumption of the vehicle is high. To ensure the vehicle's power performance and driving range, it appropriately reduces the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system by adjusting the PWM signal to make the compressor motor run at a lower speed. When the engine load is high, the main control unit 1 prioritizes the power supply to key components such as the engine, further reducing the power consumption of the air conditioning system, rationally allocating the vehicle's power resources, improving the overall vehicle's collaborative performance and energy utilization efficiency, and providing users with a more stable, efficient, and energy-saving automotive air conditioning operating experience.

[0043] The implementation principle of this application is as follows: by decoupling the motor control into independent control of the magnetic field and torque through the field-oriented control unit, the compressor motor can accurately output the required torque and speed under different operating conditions, improving response accuracy and speed, and providing users with a better experience.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A new energy automobile air conditioner compressor controller, characterized in that, The system includes a main control unit (1), which is connected to a field-oriented control unit (2) and a detection unit (3). The detection unit (3) outputs a detection signal to the main control unit (1). The field-oriented control unit (2) receives instructions from the main control unit (1) and generates a PWM drive signal based on the instructions by decoupling the motor field and torque. The main control unit (1) generates a control instruction based on the PWM drive signal and outputs it to the compressor motor.

2. The new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control unit (1) is also connected to a PWM signal generating circuit (4) and a power inverter circuit (5). The PWM signal generating circuit (4) receives the PWM drive signal forwarded by the main control unit (1). The PWM signal generating circuit (4) generates a PWM signal based on the PWM drive signal. The main control unit (1) receives and forwards the PWM signal. The power inverter circuit (5) receives and drives the compressor motor to run based on the PWM signal.

3. The new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection unit (3) includes an overvoltage / undervoltage protection subunit (31), which has a built-in voltage detection circuit (311) and a voltage judgment circuit (312). The input signal of the voltage detection circuit (311) is connected to the power supply voltage, and the output signal of the voltage detection circuit (311) is connected to the voltage judgment circuit (312). The output signal of the voltage judgment circuit (312) is connected to the main control unit (1). When the power supply voltage signal is detected to exceed the preset safety range, the voltage judgment circuit (312) sends a signal to the main control unit (1), and the main control unit (1) controls the PWM signal generation circuit (4) to adjust the output.

4. The new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection unit (3) includes an overheat protection subunit (32), which includes a temperature sensor (321) and a temperature signal judgment circuit (322). The temperature sensor (321) is located on one side of the compressor housing. The output signal of the temperature sensor (321) is connected to the temperature signal judgment circuit (322), and the output signal of the temperature signal judgment circuit (322) is connected to the main control unit (1). When the temperature signal exceeds the set threshold, the temperature signal judgment circuit (322) sends a signal to the main control unit (1), and the main control unit (1) controls the compressor to reduce power or stop.

5. The new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection unit (3) includes a stall protection subunit (33), which includes a current sensor (331), a speed sensor (332), and a judgment circuit (333). The output terminals of the current sensor (331) and the speed sensor (332) are both connected to the judgment circuit (333). When the temperature signal is higher than the set threshold and the speed signal is lower than the set threshold, the judgment circuit (333) sends a signal to the main control unit (1), and the main control unit (1) controls the compressor power supply to be cut off.

6. The new energy vehicle air conditioning compressor controller according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control unit (1) is connected to a CAN bus communication unit (6), and the other end of the CAN bus communication unit (6) is connected to the vehicle electronic control system.

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