Flow guide and drainage structure used in water conservancy and hydropower engineering cave

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a diversion and drainage structure used in a water conservancy and hydropower engineering cave, and the diversion and drainage structure used in the water conservancy and hydropower engineering cave comprises a diversion pipe which is used for guiding water flow and discharging water through drainage holes in the surface of the diversion pipe; the supporting frame is used for fixing and supporting the flow guide pipe, and the supporting frame is fixed to the hole wall in a welding or bolt connection mode; the anti-seepage pad is arranged between the flow guide pipe and the supporting frame and used for preventing water from permeating into the supporting frame and the hole wall; the fixing clamp is used for fixing the flow guide pipe and fastening the flow guide pipe on the supporting frame, and the fixing clamp is provided with an adjusting device so as to adapt to the flow guide pipes with different diameters; and the drainage collecting box is arranged at the lower part of the flow guide pipe and is used for collecting and intensively discharging water flowing out of the drainage hole. Through the scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the problem that the diversion drainage pipeline is difficult to install and maintain due to complex geological conditions of the tunnel can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, in particular to a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels. BACKGROUND

[0002] The diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels is a hydraulic drainage facility specially designed for tunnels, which mainly functions to guide and discharge groundwater or construction wastewater during engineering construction and operation, ensuring the dryness and safety of the tunnel interior. However, due to the complexity of the geological conditions of the tunnel, such as the instability of the rock and the high-pressure infiltration of groundwater, the diversion and drainage pipeline faces great challenges during installation and maintenance, not only increasing the construction difficulty and cost, but also affecting the overall safety and service life of the project. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art.

[0004] The diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels comprises:

[0005] a diversion pipe for guiding water flow and discharging water through drainage holes on the surface of the diversion pipe;

[0006] a support frame for fixing and supporting the diversion pipe, the support frame being fixed on the tunnel wall by welding or bolt connection;

[0007] a seepage prevention pad arranged between the diversion pipe and the support frame to prevent water from penetrating into the support frame and the tunnel wall;

[0008] a fixing clamp for fixing the diversion pipe and fastening it to the support frame, the fixing clamp being provided with an adjusting device to adapt to diversion pipes of different diameters;

[0009] a drainage collection box arranged at the lower part of the diversion pipe for collecting and discharging water flowing out of the drainage holes; wherein

[0010] the seepage prevention pad is a multi-layer composite structure comprising an outer wear-resistant layer and an inner water-absorbing and expanding layer, the water-absorbing and expanding layer expanding when encountering water.

[0011] In one embodiment, the diversion pipe is a multi-segment detachable structure, and each segment of the diversion pipe is connected through a quick connection joint.

[0012] In one embodiment, the drainage holes are spirally distributed on the side wall of the diversion pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment, the quick connection joint has a sealing ring, and the quick connection joint further comprises an anti-loosening device.

[0014] In one embodiment, the support frame is composed of a plurality of adjustable legs, each adjustable leg being adjusted in length by a stud.

[0015] In one embodiment, the bottom of the adjustable leg is provided with a rubber pad.

[0016] In one embodiment, the knob is provided with a scale mark.

[0017] In one embodiment, the fixing clamp is a U-shaped structure, both ends of which are provided with threaded adjusting rods, and the clamping force is adjusted by rotating the handle.

[0018] In one embodiment, the inside of the drainage collection tank is provided with a filter screen.

[0019] The disclosure provides a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes, comprising: a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes, comprising: a diversion pipe for guiding water flow and discharging water through the drainage holes on the surface of the diversion pipe; a support frame for fixing and supporting the diversion pipe, the support frame being fixed on the tunnel wall by welding or bolt connection; a seepage prevention pad arranged between the diversion pipe and the support frame to prevent water from penetrating into the support frame and the tunnel wall; a fixing clamp for fixing the diversion pipe and fastening it on the support frame, the fixing clamp being provided with an adjusting device to adapt to diversion pipes of different diameters; a drainage collection tank arranged at the lower part of the diversion pipe for collecting and concentrating the water flowing out of the drainage holes; wherein the seepage prevention pad is a multi-layer composite structure comprising an outer wear-resistant layer and an inner water-absorbing expansion layer, and the water-absorbing expansion layer expands after encountering water. Through the scheme of the disclosure, the problems of difficult installation and maintenance of the diversion and drainage pipe caused by complex geological conditions of the tunnel can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the example embodiments of the disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the disclosure, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the enlarged view of A in the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a fixing frame in a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a fixing frame in a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model; Figure 3 is an enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic view of an anti-seepage pad in a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 is an internal structure schematic view of a drainage collection box in a diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes according to the utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1, diversion pipe; 11, drainage hole; 12, quick connection joint; 13, sealing ring; 14, anti-loosening device; 2, support frame; 21, adjusting leg; 22, stud; 23, rubber pad; 3, anti-seepage pad; 31, wear-resistant layer; 32, water-absorbing expansion layer; 4, fixing clamp; 41, adjusting device; 42, threaded adjusting rod; 43, handle; 5, drainage collection box; 51, connecting piece; 52, filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, further detailed description will be made to the embodiments of the present disclosure in combination with examples and drawings, and the schematic implementation and its description of the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used for explaining the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not as a limitation to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes of the present application comprises a diversion pipe 1, a support frame 2, an anti-seepage pad 3, a fixing clamp 4 and a drainage collection box 5. The various components are tightly combined through various connection methods, ensuring stable operation under various complex geological conditions, and facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0030] The diversion pipe 1 is the core part of the structure, mainly used for guiding water flow and realizing drainage function. In order to enhance the drainage effect, the surface of the diversion pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes. These drainage holes are evenly distributed, which can effectively disperse and discharge water flow, reduce local pressure and ensure smooth water flow. The support frame 2 is a key component for fixing and supporting the diversion pipe 1, which is fixed firmly on the cave wall through welding or bolt connection, ensuring the stability of the diversion pipe 1 during operation. The design of the support frame 2 needs to consider the bearing capacity and structural strength to adapt to different geological conditions.

[0031] A waterproof pad 3 is provided between the flow guide pipe 1 and the support frame 2 to prevent water from penetrating into the support frame 2 and the tunnel wall. The waterproof pad 3 is made of high-quality waterproof material and has good elasticity and anti-aging performance, which can maintain the waterproof effect for a long time. The design of the waterproof pad 3 ensures that there is no corrosion or rust between the flow guide pipe 1 and the support frame 2 even in a humid environment, prolonging the service life of the entire structure. The function of the fixing clamp 4 is to fasten the flow guide pipe 1 to the support frame 2 to ensure that the flow guide pipe 1 will not loosen due to external vibration. The fixing clamp 4 is equipped with an adjusting device 41, which can be adjusted according to the diameter of the flow guide pipe 1, so as to adapt to flow guide pipes 1 of different sizes, improving the flexibility and adaptability of use.

[0032] The drainage collection box 5 is arranged at the lower part of the flow guide pipe 1 to collect and concentrate the water flowing out of the drainage hole. The drainage collection box 5 is connected to the drainage hole on the flow guide pipe 1 through a connecting piece 51 to ensure that the water flow can be smoothly collected and discharged. The drainage capacity of the drainage collection box 5 needs to be considered in the design to prevent water accumulation from affecting the flow guide effect. At the same time, the design of the connecting piece 51 needs to ensure the sealing to prevent water leakage during transportation. Through reasonable layout of the drainage hole and high-efficiency drainage collection box 5, this structure can effectively handle a large amount of water to keep the tunnel dry inside.

[0033] The flow guide and drainage structure successfully solves the problem of difficult installation and maintenance of the flow guide and drainage pipe caused by complex geological conditions of the tunnel through the cooperation of the above-mentioned components. First, the combined design of the flow guide pipe 1 and the support frame 2 enables it to maintain stable installation and support effect under various geological conditions, reducing the installation difficulties caused by uneven ground or soft rock. Second, the application of the waterproof pad 3 avoids water penetration into the support frame 2 and the tunnel wall, reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement. The adjusting device 41 of the fixing clamp 4 improves the versatility and adaptability of the structure, facilitating on-site operation. Finally, the design of the drainage collection box 5 ensures high-efficiency drainage capacity, avoiding water accumulation and blockage, greatly reducing the maintenance difficulty. In summary, this structure not only improves the effect of flow guide and drainage in water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels, but also significantly simplifies the construction and maintenance process.

[0034] In one embodiment, the flow guide pipe 1 of the flow guide and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnels in the present application is designed as a multi-section detachable connection structure. This design enables each section of the flow guide pipe 1 to be independently detached and installed when needed, especially suitable for narrow tunnel environments. The flow guide pipes 1 are connected reliably and conveniently through quick connection joints, ensuring the stability and maintainability of the entire flow guide system. The design of multi-section flow guide pipes 1 not only simplifies the construction process, but also improves the installation efficiency, solving the installation problems caused by narrow tunnel space.

[0035] In one embodiment, specifically, the end of each section of the diversion pipe 1 is equipped with a standard interface, which can be precisely matched with a quick connector. The quick connector usually includes a male connector and a female connector, which are quickly connected and separated by threads or buckles. For example, the outer surface of the male connector is provided with a clamping groove or a thread, and the inner surface of the female connector is provided with a corresponding clamping ring or a thread groove. When two sections of the diversion pipe 1 need to be connected, the male connector is simply inserted into the female connector, and then screwed or pressed to the locked state to achieve a firm connection. When disassembled, simply reverse the operation to easily separate the two sections of the diversion pipe 1, facilitating subsequent maintenance and maintenance work.

[0036] In one embodiment, the drainage holes of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering holes in the present application are spirally distributed on the side wall of the diversion pipe 1. This distribution mode enables the water flow to be uniformly distributed at various parts of the diversion pipe 1, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of local water accumulation, especially under complex geological conditions, the drainage function can be better played. In addition, the quick connector between the diversion pipes 1 is internally provided with a sealing ring 13, which is used to provide reliable sealing effect between the two diversion pipes 1, preventing water leakage during use, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the entire diversion and drainage system.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the quick connector is also equipped with an anti-loosening device 14 to prevent the loosening of the diversion pipe 1 connection part when encountering external vibration or force. The anti-loosening device 14 is usually composed of a locking mechanism and a fixing component, which ensures the stability and safety of the diversion pipe 1 under different working conditions. Through these designs, the diversion and drainage structure can maintain good performance for a long time in complex working environments.

[0038] In one embodiment, the spiral-shaped drainage holes can be machined on the side wall of the diversion pipe 1. Specifically, drilling or laser drilling can be used to accurately machine the drainage holes on the side wall of the diversion pipe 1 according to the spiral line track, ensuring that the hole spacing and arrangement meet the design requirements. In addition, one end of the quick connector is designed as a flared structure, and the internally provided sealing ring 13 is selected to have appropriate materials and specifications to ensure sealing performance; the anti-loosening device 14 can include buckles, spring washers or other locking mechanisms, which can achieve the dual effects of quick connection and anti-loosening through simple knob operation.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In one embodiment, the support frame 2 of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering in the hole is composed of multiple adjustable legs 21, and each adjustable leg 21 can adjust the length through a stud 22. The design of the support frame 2 enables it to adapt to the undulations of the hole wall under different geological conditions, ensuring that the diversion pipe 1 remains stable and fixed under different working conditions. In addition, the bottom of the adjustable leg 21 is provided with a rubber pad 23 to enhance the friction with the hole wall, further improving the stability of the support frame 2 and preventing sliding or falling. The stud 22 of the adjustable leg 21 is also provided with a scale mark, which facilitates the accurate adjustment of the length of the leg by the operator, ensuring that the entire diversion pipe 1 system remains level and consistent during installation.

[0040] In one embodiment, each adjustable leg 21 is connected to the support frame 2 through a stud 22, which can move axially along the screw hole to adjust the telescopic length of the leg 21. The support frame 2 is fixed to the outside of the diversion pipe 1, and the legs are evenly distributed at the bottom of the support frame 2. Specifically, during installation, the support frame 2 is first fixed to the diversion pipe 1, and then the extension length of each leg is adjusted by rotating the knob on the stud 22 according to the actual undulations of the hole wall, until the support frame 2 can stably contact the hole wall and remain level. The rubber pad 23 at the bottom of the leg closely adheres to the surface of the hole wall, ensuring that the support frame 2 will not displace due to vibration or water pressure.

[0041] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the anti-seepage pad 3 in the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering in the hole is a multi-layer composite structure. The main components of the anti-seepage pad 3 include an outer wear-resistant layer 31 and an inner water-absorbing and expanding layer 32. The wear-resistant layer 31 is made of wear-resistant rubber material, which can effectively resist long-term water impact and ensure good anti-seepage performance under complex water flow conditions. The position of the wear-resistant layer 31 closely adheres to the surface of the hole chamber and directly contacts the inner wall of the hole chamber, forming an effective anti-seepage barrier.

[0042] The water-absorbing and expanding layer 32 is located inside the wear-resistant layer 31 and has unique water-absorbing and expanding properties. When encountering water, the water-absorbing and expanding layer 32 will expand and fill the small gaps between the hole chamber surface, further enhancing the overall anti-seepage effect. This double-layer structure design makes the anti-seepage pad 3 suitable for complex geological conditions in the hole chamber environment, and can effectively cope with different types of geological defects and hydraulic impact.

[0043] In practical applications, the impermeable pad 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the cavern by special adhesives or mechanical fixation methods. The wear-resistant layer 31 is first attached to the surface of the cavern to ensure tight contact with the surface. The water-absorbing and swelling layer 32 rapidly expands upon contact with water, filling any minor irregularities or cracks, thereby forming a complete impermeable layer. This process can be performed manually or automatically during installation, ensuring the reliability of the impermeable effect. For example, during installation, the construction personnel first clean the surface of the cavern, then fix the impermeable pad 3 coated with adhesive to the designated position, and finally check the tightness of the impermeable pad 3 with the surface of the cavern.

[0044] In one embodiment, the fixing clamp 4 of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering caverns in the present application is a U-shaped structure. The two arm ends of the fixing clamp 4 are provided with threaded adjusting rods, which cooperate with the nuts connected to the fixing clamp 4, and can adjust the clamping force of the fixing clamp 4 by tightening or loosening. The bottom of the fixing clamp 4 is provided with a rotating handle 43, which can be used by the operator to adjust the position of the threaded adjusting rod, thereby changing the clamping force of the fixing clamp 4 on the diversion pipe 1, so that it can be firmly fixed in the desired position. This design not only improves the adaptability and reliability of the fixing clamp 4, but also facilitates on-site operation and maintenance.

[0045] For example, when installing the fixing clamp 4, first make the bottom surface of the U-shaped fixing clamp 4 contact with the outer surface of the diversion pipe 1, ensuring that the two arms of the fixing clamp 4 are in the appropriate position on both sides of the diversion pipe 1. Then, by rotating the rotating handle 43 on the fixing clamp 4, the threaded adjusting rod moves along the axis of the nut, gradually tightening the fixing clamp 4 until the fixing clamp 4 generates sufficient clamping force on the diversion pipe 1. Specifically, the design of the threaded adjusting rod allows the fixing clamp 4 to be stably fixed on diversion pipes 1 of various diameters and surface conditions, thereby ensuring the reliability and safety of the diversion and drainage structure in water conservancy and hydropower engineering.

[0046] Reference Figure 6 In one embodiment, the drainage collection tank 5 of the diversion and drainage structure for water conservancy and hydropower engineering caverns in the present application is provided with a filter screen 52, which is used to prevent debris from entering the drainage pipeline, thereby ensuring the drainage effect. The drainage collection tank 5 is usually arranged at the key position of the cavern where diversion and drainage are required, so as to collect and discharge impurities in the water flow. The design of the filter screen 52 not only effectively filters solid particles such as silt and stones in the water, but also facilitates regular cleaning and maintenance through its detachable characteristics, ensuring the normal operation of the system. The specific position of the filter screen 52 is at the entrance inside the drainage collection tank 5, directly facing the direction of water flow, so as to minimize the impact of debris on the subsequent pipeline.

[0047] In one embodiment, the filter screen 52 is made of stainless steel material, which has high corrosion resistance and strength, and can adapt to the complex working environment in the water conservancy and hydropower project tunnel. The filter screen 52 is fixed on the inner wall of the drainage collection box 5 by a special buckle device. The buckle design is stable and convenient for quick disassembly and installation. Specifically, the operator can easily remove the buckle and disassemble the filter screen 52 for cleaning by opening the cover plate of the drainage collection box 5. After cleaning, it can be reinstalled. In addition, the filter screen 52 can also be selected according to actual needs to meet different filtering requirements.

[0048] In actual operation, when the device is in use, the diversion and drainage structure effectively realizes the effective diversion and drainage of water under complex geological conditions in the water conservancy project tunnel through the coordinated work of multiple components. First, the water flows into the diversion pipe 1 and is discharged through the uniformly distributed drainage holes on the surface. This process not only ensures that the water can be dispersed in a large area, reducing the pressure of a single water outlet, but also avoids the possibility of local water erosion of the tunnel wall. Subsequently, the water flowing out of the drainage holes is captured by the drainage collection box 5 arranged below and is collected, and finally the accumulated water is guided to the drainage system through the corresponding connecting piece 51, ensuring that the water can be smoothly drained outside the tunnel, reducing the impact of groundwater on the project.

[0049] At the same time, in order to ensure that the diversion pipe 1 can be stably fixed on the tunnel wall after installation and not affect its normal working efficiency, special fixing and supporting measures are adopted. The support frame 2 is firmly connected to the inner wall of the tunnel by welding or bolt, providing a solid support foundation for the entire structure; and the anti-seepage pad 3 between the diversion pipe 1 and the support frame 2 is made of high-quality waterproof material, which can effectively prevent water molecules from permeating to the surrounding, protecting the support frame 2 and the rock layer near it from water erosion, and prolonging the service life of the facility.

[0050] In addition, in order to deal with the problem of different specifications of the diversion pipe 1 diameter change that may be encountered on the construction site, the fixing clamp 4 is equipped with a unique adjusting device 41. This design not only allows the installer to adjust flexibly according to the actual situation on site, ensuring that each section of the diversion pipe 1 can be tightly fitted in its designated position, but also improves the overall adaptability and stability of the system to a certain extent.

[0051] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A diversion and drainage structure for use in a water conservancy and hydropower engineering tunnel, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a water drainage device for tunnel, which comprises: a guide pipe (1) for guiding water flow and discharging water through drainage holes (11) on the surface of the guide pipe (1); a support frame (2) for fixing and supporting the guide pipe (1), which is fixed on the wall of the tunnel by welding or bolt connection; a waterproof pad (3) arranged between the guide pipe (1) and the support frame (2) to prevent water from penetrating into the support frame (2) and the wall of the tunnel; a fixing clamp (4) for fixing the guide pipe (1) and fastening it on the support frame (2), which is provided with an adjusting device (41) to adapt to guide pipes (1) with different diameters; a drainage collection box (5) arranged at the lower part of the guide pipe (1) for collecting and discharging water flowing out of the drainage holes (11). The waterproof pad (3) is a multi-layer composite structure, which comprises an outer wear-resistant layer (31) and an inner water-absorbing and expanding layer (32) that expands when encountering water. The guide pipe (1) is a multi-section detachable connection structure, and each section of the guide pipe is connected through a quick connection joint (12).

2. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage holes (11) are spirally distributed on the side wall of the guide pipe (1).

3. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick connection joint (12) is provided with a sealing ring (13), and the quick connection joint (12) further comprises an anti-loosening device (14).

4. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support frame (2) is composed of multiple adjusting legs (21), and each adjusting leg (21) adjusts the length through a stud (22).

5. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjusting leg (21) is provided with a rubber pad (23).

6. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stud (22) is provided with a scale mark.

7. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing clamp (4) is a U-shaped structure, and both ends are provided with threaded adjusting rods (42), and the clamping force is adjusted through a rotating handle (43).

8. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the drainage collection box (5) is provided with a filter screen (52).

9. The diversion and drainage structure for use in the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​

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