PD application circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of PD charging, and discloses a PD application circuit suitable for fast charge output, which comprises an input circuit (110) used for receiving an input power supply signal and carrying out electromagnetic interference suppression and filtering processing on the input power supply signal, a transformer, a main control circuit (120), a synchronous rectification control circuit (130), a PD protocol circuit (140) and a USB-C circuit (150), and one end of the USB-C circuit (150) is connected with the output end of the PD protocol circuit (140), and the USB-C circuit (150) is used for receiving the charging current signal so as to charge the equipment to be charged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of PD charging technology, and more specifically, to a PD application circuit. Background Technology

[0002] PD chargers are a universal fast charging technology that offers higher charging power and faster charging speeds. It's a charging protocol based on the USB-C interface, achieving fast charging through negotiation of voltage and current. Currently, there are many PD charger application solutions. Traditional solutions use IC+MOS or IC+GAN combinations, resulting in a large PCB area occupied by the components, which prevents the charger's size from being effectively reduced.

[0003] On the other hand, PD is a consumer power supply, suitable for use all over the world. The input voltage varies from region to region, such as high voltage (230Vac) and low voltage (100Vac). Currently, most of the rated outputs are the same, and many chargers do not come with a power cord, so the charging output is not fast charging. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that, in view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies, most of the rated outputs of the current products are the same, and many chargers do not come with a power cord, which makes the charging output not fast charging, so this utility model provides a PD application circuit that can be used for fast charging output.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to construct a PD application circuit, which has the following features:

[0006] The input circuit, which is configured at the front end of the PD application circuit, is used to receive the input power signal and perform electromagnetic interference suppression and filtering on the power signal.

[0007] The transformer has one end of its primary winding connected to the output terminal of the input circuit.

[0008] The main control circuit, one end of which is connected to the other end of the primary winding of the transformer, is used to control the on or off state of the transformer so as to couple the output voltage signal to the secondary winding side.

[0009] A synchronous rectification control circuit, whose input terminal is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, is used to receive the voltage signal.

[0010] The voltage feedback terminal of the main control circuit is connected to one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit to receive the feedback electrical signal.

[0011] The PD protocol circuit has its input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the synchronous rectification control circuit, and is used to output a charging current signal.

[0012] The USB-C circuit has one end connected to the output of the PD protocol circuit to receive the charging current signal in order to charge the device to be charged.

[0013] In some implementations, an electronic tag chip is configured within the USB-C circuit.

[0014] The power input terminal of the electronic tag chip is connected to one end of the input circuit to acquire electrical signals.

[0015] In some embodiments, the main control circuit includes at least a main controller.

[0016] The power input terminal of the main controller is connected to one end of the other secondary winding of the transformer to receive voltage signals.

[0017] The voltage feedback terminal of the main controller is connected to one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit to receive the feedback electrical signal. Based on the feedback electrical signal, the main controller adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal to control the conduction or cutoff state of the transformer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the synchronous rectification control circuit includes a synchronous rectifier and an optocoupler.

[0019] The input terminal of the synchronous rectifier is connected to one end of the primary winding of the transformer, and is used to rectify the input voltage signal.

[0020] The output terminal of the synchronous rectifier is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler and the input terminal of the PD protocol circuit, respectively.

[0021] The output terminal of the optocoupler is connected to the voltage feedback terminal of the main controller.

[0022] In some implementations, the PD protocol circuit includes a protocol controller.

[0023] The power input terminal of the protocol controller is connected to the output terminal of the synchronous rectifier, and is used to receive the rectified and filtered voltage signal to charge the device to be charged.

[0024] The protocol controller has a detection terminal connected to one end of the third winding of the transformer, which is used to receive the rectified and filtered voltage signal and determine the voltage range of the power input terminal of the protocol controller based on the voltage signal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the synchronous rectification control circuit further includes a third diode and a sixth capacitor.

[0026] The cathode of the third diode is connected to one end of the third winding of the transformer.

[0027] One end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the anode of the third diode.

[0028] The other end of the third winding of the transformer and the other end of the sixth capacitor are respectively connected to a detection terminal of the protocol controller.

[0029] In some implementations, the PD protocol circuit further includes a MOSFET.

[0030] The gate of the MOS transistor is connected to a signal output terminal of the protocol controller.

[0031] The drain of the MOS transistor is connected to the output of the protocol controller via the tenth capacitor.

[0032] The source of the MOS transistor is connected to the common terminal through the eleventh resistor.

[0033] In some embodiments, the MOS transistor is selected as an N-channel MOS transistor.

[0034] The PD application circuit described in this utility model includes an input circuit for receiving input power signals and performing electromagnetic interference suppression and filtering, a transformer, a main control circuit, a synchronous rectification control circuit, a PD protocol circuit, and a USB-C circuit. One end of the USB-C circuit is connected to the output end of the PD protocol circuit to receive charging current signals for charging the device to be charged. Compared with existing technologies, using a highly integrated main control circuit can minimize the area occupied by components, further miniaturizing the charger. By configuring the PD protocol circuit, the charger can exceed its rated output when AC high voltage is input, thus solving the problem that most chargers have the same rated output and many do not come with power cords, resulting in non-fast charging outputs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the input circuit provided by this utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the main control circuit provided by this utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the synchronous rectification control circuit and PD protocol circuit provided by this utility model;

[0039] Figure 4This is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the USB-C circuit provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] like Figure 1-4 As shown, in the first embodiment of the PD application circuit of this utility model, the PD application circuit includes an input circuit 110, a transformer (T1A / T1B), a main control circuit 120, a synchronous rectification control circuit 130, a PD protocol circuit 140, and a USB-C circuit 150.

[0042] The input circuit 110 is used to receive the power signal input from the mains side and to perform electromagnetic interference suppression, rectification and filtering on the input power signal.

[0043] Transformers (T1A / T1B) are used for voltage step-up / step-down, impedance matching, or safety isolation.

[0044] The main control circuit 120 is used to output PWM pulse signals to control the on or off state of the transformers (T1A / T1B);

[0045] The synchronous rectification control circuit 130 is used to receive the voltage signal coupled out by the transformer (corresponding to T1A) and to rectify and filter the voltage signal.

[0046] PD protocol circuit 140 enables fast charging by negotiating the voltage and current between the power supply and the device;

[0047] USB-C circuitry 150 is used to negotiate and select the appropriate power flow via the interface;

[0048] Specifically, the input circuit 110 is configured at the front end of the PD application circuit to receive the input power signal and perform electromagnetic interference suppression, rectification and filtering on the power signal.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the power signal input from the mains side is processed by fuse F1, Zener diode MDV1, EMI circuit, rectifier bridge BD1 and LC filter circuit, and then output to one end of the primary winding of the transformer (corresponding to T1A) (corresponding to pin 5).

[0050] Furthermore, one end of the primary winding of the transformer (T1A / T1B) (corresponding to pin 5) is connected to the output terminal of the input circuit 110 to receive the power signal processed by the input circuit 110.

[0051] One end of the main control circuit 120 is connected to the other end (corresponding to pin 4) of the primary winding of the transformer (T1A / T1B). The main control circuit 120 is equipped with at least a switching device similar to a MOSFET. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the switching device of the MOSFET is controlled to be turned on / off, thereby controlling the conduction or cutoff state of the transformer (T1A / T1B) to couple the output voltage signal to the secondary winding (corresponding to pin 6 / 7), and then input the voltage signal to the synchronous rectification control circuit 130.

[0052] Furthermore, the input terminal of the synchronous rectification control circuit 130 is connected to one end (corresponding to pin 7) of the primary winding of the transformer (T1A / T1B) to receive voltage signals, rectify and filter the input voltage signals, and then output them to the PD protocol circuit 140.

[0053] The voltage feedback terminal of the main control circuit 120 is connected to one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit 130 to receive the feedback electrical signal and adjust the duty cycle of the control signal for the conduction or cutoff state of the control transformer (T1A / T1B) according to the feedback electrical signal.

[0054] The input terminal of the PD protocol circuit 140 is coupled to the output terminal of the synchronous rectification control circuit 130. It is used to receive the voltage signal input by the synchronous rectification control circuit 130, and then output the charging current signal after protocol processing.

[0055] Furthermore, one end of the USB-C circuit 150 is connected to the output of the PD protocol circuit 140 to receive charging current signals for charging devices such as tablets, laptops, or mobile phones.

[0056] Using this technical solution, the area occupied by block components can be minimized by using a highly integrated main control circuit, further miniaturizing the charger. By configuring the PD protocol circuit, the charger can be overcharged when AC high voltage input is used, thereby solving the problem that most chargers have the same rated output and many do not come with a power cord, resulting in non-fast charging output.

[0057] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, to improve the reliability of the charging process, an electronic tag chip U200 can be configured within the USB-C circuit 150.

[0058] Specifically, the power input terminal (corresponding to the VBUS terminal) of the electronic tag chip U200 is connected to one end of the input circuit 110 to acquire electrical signals.

[0059] Specifically, when the output current is 5A, it is related to the USB-C male-to-male cable. There is an electronic tag chip U200 inside the cable, which conforms to the USB PD3.0 standard. The electronic tag chip U200 (model HUSB332F) provides a very cost-effective solution for USB Type-C cables. It is powered directly from VBUS. Only one 1kΩ resistor R200 and one R201 need to be added to the PCB board to ensure the normal operation of the chip.

[0060] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, in order to improve the main control circuit 120, it includes at least a main controller U101, which has the functions of PWM signal output, calculation and feedback voltage processing.

[0061] Specifically, the power input terminal (pin 18) of the main controller U101 is connected to one end (pin 2) of the other secondary winding of the transformer (T1B) to receive voltage signals.

[0062] Specifically, a third resistor R103, a second diode D102, and a second capacitor C102 are installed on the output side of one end of the other secondary winding of the transformer (corresponding to T1B). The voltage signal output by the transformer (corresponding to T1B) is current-limited by the third resistor R103, rectified by the second diode D102, and filtered by the second capacitor C102 and capacitor EC6 before being input to the power input terminal (corresponding to pin 18) of the main controller U101.

[0063] The voltage feedback terminal (corresponding to pin 19) of the main controller U101 is connected to one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit 130 to receive the feedback electrical signal. It adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal according to the feedback electrical signal to control the conduction or cut-off state of the primary winding of the transformer (T1A / T1B).

[0064] The high-voltage terminal (corresponding to pin 15) of the main controller U101 is connected to the output terminal of the rectifier bridge BD1 through the fifth resistor R105. It is used to detect the voltage signal output by the rectifier bridge BD1 and determine the input voltage range based on the voltage signal. When the input voltage range is greater than the preset value, the main controller U101 can adjust the duty cycle of the output PWM signal to adjust the voltage value output to the subsequent stage.

[0065] Specifically, the main controller U101 is a sealed gallium nitride chip with a built-in 170mΩ gallium nitride switching transistor and a multi-mode PWM controller. It supports QR, DCM, CCM and multi-frequency mixed operating modes. It achieves better EMI performance through intelligent driver and frequency hopping. The main controller U101 can meet the LPS requirements through its built-in circuit. It only uses the third resistor R103, the second diode D102, the second capacitor C102 and the capacitor EC6 to achieve filtering and rectification to power the main controller U101. It can achieve wide-range voltage output without the need for an additional VDD clamping circuit.

[0066] In terms of process, it adopts DFN5*6 package. The unique pad design not only separates the power traces and control traces, reducing the wiring difficulty of fast charging design, but also increases the GND copper area, which is beneficial for heat dissipation.

[0067] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, to improve the quality of the output charging signal, a synchronous rectifier U102 and optocouplers (U3A / U3B) can be installed in the synchronous rectifier control circuit 130.

[0068] Among them, the synchronous rectifier U102 has the function of rectification.

[0069] Optocouplers (U3A / U3B) serve the functions of signal isolation and transmission;

[0070] Specifically, the input terminal (corresponding to terminal A) of the synchronous rectifier U102 is connected to one end (corresponding to pin 7) of the primary winding of the transformer (corresponding to T1A) to rectify the input voltage signal.

[0071] The output terminal (corresponding to terminal K) of the synchronous rectifier U102 is connected to the input terminal of the optocoupler (corresponding to U3B) through the 27th resistor R127. The output terminal of the optocoupler (corresponding to U3B) is connected to the voltage feedback terminal of the PD protocol circuit 140 through the 9th capacitor C109 and the 14th resistor R114 connected in series.

[0072] The output terminal (corresponding to terminal K) of the synchronous rectifier U102 is connected to the input terminal of the PD protocol circuit 140 through capacitors EC12, EC13 and the seventh capacitor C107. The output voltage signal is filtered and then input into the PD protocol circuit 140 as a charging signal.

[0073] The output terminal of the optocoupler (corresponding to U3B) is connected to the voltage feedback terminal (corresponding to pin 19) of the main controller U101, feeding back the filtered voltage signal to the main controller U101. The main controller U101 then adjusts the duty cycle of the output PWM signal according to the feedback voltage signal to adjust the voltage range of the transformer (T1A / T1B) coupled to the secondary winding.

[0074] Specifically, the main controller U101, model DK5V100R10VM, is a synchronous rectifier chip without external components. It has a built-in synchronous rectifier control chip and a 100V withstand voltage MOSFET. The MOSFET has a 5mΩ on-resistance. The DK5V100R10VM supports CCM / DCM / QR operating modes, has built-in intelligent detection, does not require an external synchronization signal, and also has self-powered technology. It does not require external components and is packaged in an SM-10 package.

[0075] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to improve charging speed and reliability, a protocol controller U103 can be set in the PD protocol circuit 140, which realizes high-power, fast charging through the USB-C interface, while ensuring the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0076] Specifically, the power input terminal (pin 1) of the protocol controller U103 is connected to the output terminal (K terminal) of the synchronous rectifier U102 via the seventh capacitor C107. This connection is used to receive the rectified and filtered voltage signal for charging the device to be charged (such as a tablet, mobile phone, or laptop).

[0077] One detection terminal (corresponding to pin 9) of the protocol controller U103 is connected to one end (corresponding to pin 9) of the third winding of the transformer (corresponding to T1A) to receive the rectified and filtered voltage signal and determine the voltage range of the power input terminal (corresponding to pin 1) of the protocol controller U103 based on the voltage signal.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the synchronous rectification control circuit 130 also includes a third diode D103 and a sixth capacitor C106.

[0079] The cathode of the third diode D103 is connected to one end (pin 8) of the third winding of the transformer (corresponding to T1A).

[0080] One end of the sixth capacitor C106 is connected to the anode of the third diode D103.

[0081] The other end of the third winding of the transformer (corresponding to pin 9) and the other end of the sixth capacitor C106 are connected to the detection terminal (corresponding to pin 9) of the protocol controller U103.

[0082] Specifically, the protocol controller U103 is model XPD930. The protocol chip has a built-in VBUS switch and current sensing resistor, simplifying the external circuitry. In addition, an additional winding is added to the secondary winding of the transformer (T1A / T1B). The input voltage is sensed using the winding with the same name as the primary winding, since the voltage of the primary winding is the input voltage after rectification and filtering. At the same time, the voltage sensed by the secondary winding is the turns ratio of the primary winding. After rectification and filtering by the third diode D103 and the sixth capacitor C106, the output VLINK voltage is output to PIN9 of the protocol controller U103. When the PD charger is turned on, the default voltage on the output capacitor is 5V. If this voltage is higher than 2V, it is judged as a high voltage input of 208Vac~240Vac. If this voltage is lower than 1.5V, it is judged as a low voltage input of 100Vac~120Vac.

[0083] When the AC input is low voltage, the highest level of the protocol is 20V / 3A.

[0084] When high voltage AC is input, the highest level of the protocol is 20V / 5A. Since low voltage AC input has relatively low efficiency for the charger, while high voltage AC input has relatively high efficiency, high voltage input can output more power under certain losses.

[0085] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the PD protocol circuit 140 also includes a MOSFET Q101, which is selected as an N-channel MOSFET and functions as a switch.

[0086] Specifically, the gate of MOSFET Q101 is connected to a signal output terminal (pin 10) of protocol controller U103.

[0087] The drain of MOSFET Q101 is connected to the output terminal (pins 19-20) of protocol controller U103 via capacitor C110 (the tenth capacitor).

[0088] The source of MOSFET Q101 is connected to the common terminal through the eleventh resistor R111.

[0089] For example, when increasing the output current under high voltage, overcurrent protection of the output must also be considered. In addition to changing the maximum power of PD, the VLINK voltage is internally controlled by the protocol controller U103 at the 20V / 5A level. The IC's PIN10 will output a signal to control the switching of MOSFET Q101. The on-resistance of this MOSFET Q101 is 9mΩ. In principle, 9mΩ is connected in parallel with R103's 5mΩ, resulting in a relatively low equivalent resistance. At the 20V / 5A level, it can withstand a larger OCP protection point. All of this occurs under high voltage input conditions.

[0090] Using this technical solution, on the one hand, an integrated approach can be adopted, using only 3 power ICs to achieve the same function of a charger, reducing the size of the PCB and the number of parts, and completing it with a few circuits, exceeding the output at high AC input, and using a simple circuit to complete the electronic tag chip (eMarker) on the line, which has great advantages in terms of cost and reliability.

[0091] On the other hand, using fewer external circuits not only reduces bill of materials costs, but also simplifies PCB layout and routing, speeds up product launch, and helps users save on VCONN wires in cables, saving some copper wires. Only five cores are needed to achieve 5A high-current power supply.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PD application circuit, characterized by, Possessing: Input circuit, configured in the front end of PD application circuit, for receiving input power signal, and the power signal is carried out electromagnetic interference suppression and filter processing; Transformer, one end of the primary winding is connected with the output end of the input circuit, The main control circuit, one end is connected with the other end of the transformer primary winding, for controlling the on or off state of the transformer, to the secondary winding side coupling output voltage signal; Synchronous rectification control circuit, input end is connected with one end of the transformer secondary winding, for receiving the voltage signal, The voltage feedback end of the main control circuit is connected with one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit, for receiving the feedback electric signal; PD protocol circuit, input end is coupled to the output end of the synchronous rectification control circuit, for output charging current signal; USB-C circuit, one end is connected with the output end of the PD protocol circuit, for receiving the charging current signal, to charge the device to be charged.

2. The PD application circuit of claim 1, wherein, An electronic tag chip is configured in the USB-C circuit, The power input end of the electronic tag chip is connected with one end of the input circuit, for obtaining electric signal.

3. The PD application circuit of claim 1, wherein, The main control circuit at least includes a main controller, The power input end of the main controller is connected with one end of the other secondary winding of the transformer, for receiving voltage signal, The voltage feedback end of the main controller is connected with one end of the synchronous rectification control circuit, for receiving feedback electric signal, which adjusts the duty cycle of control signal according to the feedback electric signal, to control the on or off state of the transformer.

4. The PD application circuit of claim 3, wherein, The synchronous rectification control circuit includes a synchronous rectifier and an optoelectronic coupler, The input end of the synchronous rectifier is connected with one end of the secondary winding of the transformer, for rectifying the input voltage signal, The output end of the synchronous rectifier is connected with the input end of the optoelectronic coupler and the input end of the PD protocol circuit respectively, The output end of the optoelectronic coupler is connected with the voltage feedback end of the main controller.

5. The PD application circuit of claim 4, wherein, The PD protocol circuit includes a protocol controller, The power input end of the protocol controller is connected with the output end of the synchronous rectifier, for receiving the rectified and filtered voltage signal, to charge the device to be charged, The detection end of the protocol controller is connected with one end of the third secondary winding of the transformer, for receiving the rectified and filtered voltage signal, and judging the voltage range of the power input end of the protocol controller according to the voltage signal.

6. The PD application circuit of claim 5, wherein, The synchronous rectification control circuit further includes a third diode and a sixth capacitor, The cathode of the third diode is connected with one end of the third secondary winding of the transformer, One end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the anode of the third diode, Another end of the third secondary winding of the transformer and another end of the sixth capacitor are connected with a detection end of the protocol controller respectively.

7. The PD application circuit of claim 5, wherein, The PD protocol circuit further comprises a MOS tube, A gate of the MOS tube is connected with a signal output end of the protocol controller, A drain of the MOS tube is connected with an output end of the protocol controller through a tenth capacitor, A source of the MOS tube is connected with a common end through an eleventh resistor.

8. The PD application circuit of claim 7, wherein, The MOS tube is selected as an N-channel MOS tube.

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