Special indoor lighting circuit for rail transit vehicle model

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special indoor lighting circuit for a rail transit vehicle model, which belongs to the technical field of in-vehicle lighting and comprises a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC (integrated circuit) control module and a lamp body which are sequentially connected. The dimming IC control module is connected with a Hall sensor and a reed switch, the output end of the Hall sensor is connected to an input pin of the dimming IC control module, and the reed switch serves as a magnetic control switch to be connected between the input pin of the dimming IC control module and the ground in series. The dimming IC control module is further connected with a photoresistor used for detecting external illumination changes, the photoresistor and the fixed resistor form a voltage division circuit, and the output end of the voltage division circuit is connected to an ADC input pin of the dimming IC control module. The charging module is connected with a chip capacitor. According to the circuit, flicker resistance is achieved through the chip capacitor, in-vehicle illumination self-adaptive control is achieved through the dimming IC and the photoresistor, and multifunctional lamplight control is achieved through the Hall sensor and the reed switch.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of in-vehicle lighting, and particularly relates to an indoor lighting circuit special for a rail transit vehicle model. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual improvement of rail transit model technology, the structural design of rail transit vehicle models has gradually changed from only the shape to the real interior modeling. Many have reached the technology of restoring the real rail transit vehicle according to a certain proportion, but since the rail transit model generally does not have interior light design, it is impossible to completely restore the use scene of the real rail transit vehicle in the daytime and at night. Therefore, a system for interior lighting is designed for the rail transit vehicle model, so that the rail transit vehicle model can simulate different interior light illumination effects in the daytime and at night, and the simulation degree of the rail transit vehicle model is improved.

[0003] The existing interior light illumination assembly of the rail transit vehicle model does not have an anti-flicker function. When the model is running, the conductive performance is unstable due to the wear of the wheel and the rail and the wear of the copper sheet and the wheel, which may cause flickering problems and affect the simulation degree. In addition, the existing interior light illumination assembly of the rail transit vehicle model does not have a control and adjustment function, and can only realize the function of ordinary light lighting, and cannot perform automatic control such as brightness adjustment. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the problems existing in the interior light illumination assembly of the existing rail transit vehicle model, and provides an indoor lighting circuit special for a rail transit vehicle model.

[0005] The utility model aims to realize the following technical scheme:

[0006] The utility model provides an indoor lighting circuit special for a rail transit vehicle model, which comprises a power module, a charging module, a discharging module, a light adjusting IC control module and a lamp body which are connected in sequence. A Hall sensor and a reed tube are connected to the light adjusting IC control module. The output end of the Hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the light adjusting IC control module. The reed tube is connected in series between the input pin of the light adjusting IC control module and the ground as a magnetic control switch. A photosensitive resistor for detecting the change of external light is also connected to the light adjusting IC control module. The photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor form a voltage dividing circuit, and the output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the light adjusting IC control module. A chip capacitor is connected to the charging module.

[0007] In some embodiments, a fuse is connected to the circuit between the modules.

[0008] In some embodiments, a super capacitor is also connected to the charging module.

[0009] In some embodiments, the discharge module is provided with multiple power output interfaces.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lamp body includes multiple parallel resistor lamps, with a current-limiting resistor connected in series in each resistor lamp.

[0011] In some embodiments, the Hall sensor is connected to a pull-up resistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, a protective resistor is connected in series with the reed switch.

[0013] In some embodiments, the dimming IC control module includes a BP1601C or ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip.

[0014] It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above embodiments can be combined or substituted to form new technical solutions.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] 1. The lighting circuit of this utility model achieves rectification and energy storage by connecting a surface-mount capacitor to the charging module, thus preventing flickering during train operation; by utilizing a dimming IC control module, which receives Hall effect signals and reed switch signals, the dimming IC control module identifies and performs corresponding actions, enabling the lamp to achieve multi-functional lighting control such as opening and closing, flashing, dimming, and brightness adjustment; by utilizing a dimming IC control module to receive photoresistor signals, the dimming IC control module identifies the resistance value of the photoresistor and performs corresponding actions, which can realize functions such as changing the interior brightness according to the external light and switching modes, achieving the effect of adaptive lighting control.

[0017] 2. In some embodiments, fuses are connected to the circuits between the modules. These fuses can disconnect the circuits in time in case of short circuits, overvoltage, or excessive current, ensuring the safety of the lamps themselves and the rail vehicle model.

[0018] 3. In some embodiments, the charging module is also connected to a supercapacitor. By adding a supercapacitor, a larger capacitance is provided than that of a regular capacitor, allowing the train to maintain stable brightness and functionality even when it leaves the track or when the track is dirty.

[0019] 4. In some embodiments, the discharge module is provided with multiple power output interfaces, which can supply power to external devices (such as driver's cab lights, signal lights, etc.).

[0020] 5. In some embodiments, the lamp body includes multiple parallel resistor lamps, such that the input voltage of each resistor lamp is fixed, the length of the lamp body can be cut according to the length of the track train model, and the brightness remains unchanged after cutting; in addition, a current-limiting resistor is connected in series with each resistor lamp to prevent excessive current from damaging the resistor lamp.

[0021] 6. In some embodiments, the Hall sensor is connected to a pull-up resistor to ensure the stability of the Hall signal.

[0022] 7. In some embodiments, a protective resistor is connected in series with the reed switch to prevent excessive current from damaging the reed switch. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an indoor lighting circuit for a rail transit vehicle model, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, an indoor lighting circuit specifically designed for rail transit vehicle models is provided, comprising a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a dimming IC control module, and a lamp body connected in sequence. The dimming IC control module is equipped with a Hall sensor and a reed switch. The output of the Hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the dimming IC control module, and the reed switch, acting as a magnetic switch, is connected in series between the input pin of the dimming IC control module and ground. The dimming IC control module also includes a photoresistor for detecting changes in ambient light. The photoresistor and a fixed resistor form a voltage divider circuit, and the output of the voltage divider circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the dimming IC control module. A surface-mount capacitor is connected to the charging module.

[0028] By receiving Hall effect signals and reed switch signals, the dimming IC control module identifies and performs corresponding actions, enabling the lamp to achieve multi-functional lighting control such as opening and closing, flashing, dimming, and brightening. Specifically, the Hall sensor outputs high and low level signals by detecting when a magnet approaches or changes the magnet's N / S poles (N / S pole switching).

[0029] Preferably, a pull-up resistor (e.g., 10kΩ) is connected to the Hall sensor to ensure signal stability. An RC filter circuit (e.g., a 0.1μF capacitor and a 1kΩ resistor) is added to eliminate signal jitter. If it is necessary to distinguish the polarity of the magnet, a voltage divider circuit or logic circuit can be used to map signals of different polarities to levels that the dimming IC can recognize (e.g., high level triggered by N pole, low level triggered by S pole).

[0030] The reed switch conducts when a magnet is near (low-level signal) and disconnects when it is far away (high-level signal). A protective resistor (e.g., 1kΩ) can be added to prevent excessive current from damaging the reed switch.

[0031] The dimming process of the dimming IC control module is as follows:

[0032] Single trigger mode: When the magnet is close to the Hall sensor or the reed switch is turned on, the dimming IC switches the light state (e.g., on → off → flashing cycle).

[0033] Continuous detection mode: The brightness adjustment function is triggered based on the duration of magnet dwell time (e.g., long press for 3 seconds).

[0034] Polarity recognition: If the Hall sensor supports polarity detection, N / S pole switching can correspond to different functions (such as brightening the N pole and dimming the S pole).

[0035] Brightness adjustment: The LED driver circuit is controlled by a PWM signal, and the duty cycle can be adjusted from 0% to 100%.

[0036] Flashing mode: Set a fixed frequency (e.g., 1Hz) PWM waveform to periodically switch the lights on and off.

[0037] Dynamic mode switching: Multiple preset modes (such as constant light, breathing light, strobe) are available, and the mode is switched by triggering multiple signals.

[0038] Trigger signals are provided by Hall effect sensors and reed switches, and a dimming IC, combined with hardware filtering and software logic, enables multi-functional lighting control. The system supports brightness adjustment, dynamic mode switching, and environmental adaptation, significantly improving the flexibility and realism of track model simulation.

[0039] Furthermore, by utilizing the dimming IC control module to receive the photoresistor signal (the photoresistor senses the intensity of external light and its own resistance changes), the dimming IC control module identifies the resistance value of the photoresistor and performs corresponding actions, which can realize functions such as changing the interior brightness according to the external light and switching modes.

[0040] A voltage divider circuit is formed by combining a photoresistor and a fixed resistor (e.g., 10kΩ), and the output is connected to the ADC input pin of the dimming IC. Preferably, an RC low-pass filter (e.g., a 1kΩ resistor + a 0.1μF capacitor) can be added to eliminate noise caused by sudden changes in ambient light.

[0041] If the dimming IC does not have a built-in ADC, an external ADC module is required to convert the analog signal into a digital signal. Simultaneously, the PWM output pin of the dimming IC should be connected to the lamp's drive circuit (such as a MOSFET or constant current drive IC).

[0042] Brightness adjustment logic includes:

[0043] Linear adjustment: The ADC value is mapped to the PWM duty cycle (e.g., 0-1024 ADC value corresponds to 0%-100% duty cycle).

[0044] Segmented adjustment: Set multiple light thresholds (such as day / dusk / night) to correspond to different brightness levels (such as 100% / 50% / 20%).

[0045] The mode switching function includes:

[0046] Day / Night Mode: When the light intensity is below the threshold (e.g., 50 lux), switch to low brightness mode and enable warm color temperature LEDs.

[0047] Dynamic scene: After the light intensity remains below the threshold for 5 seconds, the "Night Ambient Light" mode (breathing light effect) will be automatically activated.

[0048] Preferably, a fuse is connected to the circuit between each module. In some embodiments, a fuse is connected to the circuit between each module. This allows for timely disconnection in case of a short circuit, overvoltage, or excessive current, ensuring the safety of the lamp itself and the rail transit vehicle model.

[0049] Preferably, the charging module is also connected to a supercapacitor. By adding a supercapacitor, a larger capacity is provided than that of a regular capacitor, allowing the train to maintain stable brightness and function even when it leaves the track or when the track is dirty.

[0050] Preferably, the discharge module is provided with multiple power output interfaces (3V and 2.7V output interfaces in the figure) to supply power to external devices (such as driver's cab lights, signal lights, etc.).

[0051] Preferably, the lamp body includes multiple parallel resistor lamps, so that the input voltage of each resistor lamp is fixed, the length of the lamp body can be cut according to the length of the track train model, and the brightness remains unchanged after cutting; in addition, a current-limiting resistor is connected in series with each resistor lamp to prevent excessive current from damaging the resistor lamp.

[0052] Preferably, the dimming IC control module includes a BP1601C, a ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip, or other chips that can implement the functions of this circuit.

[0053] Preferably, to address the issue of flickering lights in rail transit vehicle models, copper pillars are fixed with screws or soldered to ensure compatibility with copper sheets; alternatively, wires are directly soldered to connect to the vehicle's electrical circuitry. These multiple connection methods ensure conductivity and prevent unstable conductivity caused by wear between the copper sheets and wheels, thus avoiding flickering.

[0054] Preferably, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power supply module of this circuit is compatible with multiple standards and can operate under various train speed control conditions, including DC, PWM, and AC, without exceeding 24V. Furthermore, the brightness of the lamp itself does not change with voltage or PWM / AC frequency changes. Specifically, the power supply module mainly includes a comparator, a buck-boost controller, and a current sampling resistor. A comparator (such as an LM393) is used to detect the type of input signal, and the processing path is automatically switched based on the detection result (e.g., enabling rectification or bypass).

[0055] When AC is input, a full-bridge rectifier (such as MB6S) is used to convert the AC signal into pulsating DC. A filter capacitor (such as 470μF / 35V) is added to smooth the voltage and eliminate high-frequency ripple. A four-switch buck-boost controller such as LM3492 or LT3791 is used to output a constant current. When DC is input, it is directly connected and reverse connection is prevented by a polarity protection diode (such as 1N4007). A constant current is output through the buck-boost controller. When PWM voltage is input, the average voltage of the PWM signal is first extracted by a low-pass filter (such as an RC circuit: 1kΩ+10μF), and then a constant current is output through the buck-boost controller.

[0056] Regardless of input voltage variations (≤24V), the switching duty cycle is adjusted in real-time via a current sampling resistor (e.g., 0.1Ω) to maintain a constant current. Through rectification and filtering, buck-boost constant current drive, and frequency decoupling design, the power module is compatible with DC, PWM, and AC inputs (≤24V), maintaining constant LED brightness despite voltage or frequency changes. Combined with automatic identification and protection mechanisms, the system boasts high compatibility and reliability, making it suitable for complex operating conditions in track models.

[0057] The above detailed embodiments are a detailed description of the present utility model. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present utility model are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An indoor lighting circuit dedicated to a model of a rail vehicle, characterized in that, The application relates to a light-emitting module, which comprises a power supply module, a charging module, a discharging module, a light-adjusting IC control module and a lamp body connected in sequence; a Hall sensor and a reed tube are connected to the light-adjusting IC control module; the output end of the Hall sensor is connected to the input pin of the light-adjusting IC control module; the reed tube is connected in series between the input pin of the light-adjusting IC control module and the ground as a magnetic control switch; a photosensitive resistor for detecting the change of external light is further connected to the light-adjusting IC control module; the photosensitive resistor and a fixed resistor form a voltage dividing circuit, and the output end of the voltage dividing circuit is connected to the ADC input pin of the light-adjusting IC control module; a patch capacitor is connected to the charging module.

2. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail transit vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fuse is connected to the circuit between the modules.

3. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A super capacitor is further connected to the charging module.

4. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of power supply output interfaces are arranged on the discharging module.

5. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lamp body comprises a plurality of parallelly connected resistance lamps, and a current-limiting resistor is connected in series to each resistance lamp.

6. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pull-up resistor is connected to the Hall sensor.

7. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protection resistor is connected in series to the reed tube.

8. The indoor lighting circuit for a model of a rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-adjusting IC control module comprises a BP1601C or ROHM BD18351EFV-M chip.

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