Kitchen waste pretreatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment system which comprises a feed bin, a double-shaft crusher, a pulping machine, a transfer bin, a feed hopper, a slag remover, a storage bin and a slag bin, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the feeding bin, and a first spiral conveyor is arranged between the feeding bin and the double-shaft crusher; a discharging port of the double-shaft crusher is connected with a feeding port of the pulping machine, a discharging port of the pulping machine is located above a feeding port of the transfer bin, a stirrer is arranged in the transfer bin, a discharging port is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the transfer bin, the discharging port of the transfer bin is connected with the feeding hopper through a first pipeline, and a feeding pump is arranged on the first pipeline; the slag remover is provided with a feeding hole, a slag outlet and a slurry outlet; the slag remover is located below the feeding hopper, a discharging port of the feeding hopper is connected with a feeding port of the slag remover through a second pipeline, a slag outlet of the slag remover is connected with a feeding port of the second spiral conveyor, a discharging port of the second spiral conveyor is located above the slag bin, and a slurry outlet of the slag remover is connected with the storage bin so that slurry can be conveyed to the storage bin to be stored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection technology, and relates to the pretreatment of kitchen waste, and in particular to a kitchen waste pretreatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Food waste refers to food scraps generated during household, catering service, food processing, and commercial food preparation. Its main components include starch, protein, fat, and salts. Food waste contains a large amount of solid matter and dissolved or suspended organic matter in water. Solid matter accounts for more than 30%, with a high oil content, a high proportion of free fat (dry basis: 20-30%), high water content (approximately 65%-95%), and high salt content (wet basis: 0.8-1.5%), which are the main forms of organic matter in food waste. However, in addition to normal food scraps, food waste also includes various household waste such as ceramics, metals, plastic bottles, plastic bags, bones, wood blocks, and bamboo chopsticks, which greatly complicates subsequent processing.

[0003] Traditional processing methods include two approaches: one involves manual removal of impurities, which is extremely costly and inefficient; the other involves first crushing the food waste with a crusher, then transferring it through a transfer silo and pumping it into a press via a feed pump at the bottom of the silo. However, the crushed ceramics, metals, and other impurities tend to accumulate at the bottom of the transfer silo, easily clogging downstream feed pumps and pipes, increasing pressure, and causing frequent malfunctions. This not only increases maintenance costs but also affects processing efficiency. Furthermore, the impurities accumulated at the bottom of the transfer silo require manual cleaning, which is physically demanding for workers, further increasing labor costs and impacting processing efficiency. Additionally, the high oil and moisture content of food waste can lead to incomplete pressing, resulting in a low extraction rate of organic matter, waste, and secondary pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a pre-treatment system for kitchen waste. This utility model can effectively improve the organic matter extraction rate, reduce waste and secondary pollution, and at the same time effectively avoid clogging of downstream equipment such as feeding pumps, improve processing efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity and processing cost of workers.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A food waste pretreatment system includes a feeding hopper, a twin-shaft crusher, a pulper, a transfer hopper, a feeding hopper, a slag remover, a storage hopper, and a slag hopper.

[0007] The feeding hopper is used to temporarily store kitchen waste to be processed. The bottom of the feeding hopper has a discharge port. A first screw conveyor is provided between the feeding hopper and the twin-shaft crusher. The feed port of the first screw conveyor is connected to the discharge port of the feeding hopper. The discharge port of the first screw conveyor is located above the twin-shaft crusher and corresponds to the feed port of the twin-shaft crusher, so as to facilitate the entry of kitchen waste into the twin-shaft crusher for crushing.

[0008] The discharge port of the twin-shaft crusher is connected to the inlet of the pulper. The discharge port of the pulper is located above the inlet of the transfer silo. The transfer silo is equipped with an agitator and a discharge port on the bottom side wall of the transfer silo. The discharge port of the transfer silo is connected to the feed hopper through a first pipeline, and a feeding pump is installed on the first pipeline to facilitate pumping the kitchen waste in the transfer silo into the feed hopper.

[0009] The slag remover has a feed inlet, a slag outlet, and a slurry outlet. The slag remover is located below the feed hopper, and the feed hopper outlet and the slag remover inlet are connected by a second pipeline with a flow valve. The slag remover outlet is connected to the feed inlet of a second screw conveyor, and the second screw conveyor outlet is located above the slag silo to facilitate the transport of slag to the slag silo. The slurry outlet of the slag remover is connected to a storage silo to transport the slurry to the storage silo for storage.

[0010] Furthermore, the first screw conveyor is inclined, the feed inlet of the first screw conveyor is located at the lower end, and a water outlet is provided at the lower end of the first screw conveyor. The water outlet is connected to the transfer chamber through a third pipeline, and a first water control valve is provided on the third pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the pulping machine has a water inlet for connecting to a water inlet pipe to introduce water and adjust the pulp concentration in the pulping machine, and a second water control valve is provided on the water inlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the transfer chamber includes a chamber body, and an annular partition is provided inside the chamber body. The partition is vertically arranged, thereby dividing the chamber body into a sedimentation zone and a slurry zone. The slurry zone is located outside the sedimentation zone, and the agitator is arranged inside the sedimentation zone.

[0013] Furthermore, the agitator includes a rotating shaft and several blades. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the blades are horizontally arranged and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft is connected to a motor, which facilitates rotation under the drive of the motor to drive the blades to rotate, so as to agitate the kitchen waste in the sedimentation zone.

[0014] Furthermore, a stirring head is provided at the end of the blade away from the rotation axis. The stirring head is curved to one side in an arc shape to increase the stirring effect.

[0015] Furthermore, a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the silo corresponding to the sedimentation zone. A third screw conveyor is inclined below the slag discharge port. The third screw conveyor is a variable pitch screw conveyor. The lower end of the third screw conveyor is provided with a feed port and the upper end is provided with a discharge port. The feed port of the third screw conveyor is connected to the slag discharge port. The discharge port of the third screw conveyor is higher than the silo by a certain height. At the same time, the pitch of the third screw conveyor gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0016] Furthermore, the mesh size is 6~10 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, a return pipe is installed between the feed hopper and the transfer bin.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This utility model uses a slag remover instead of a press, which can effectively remove slag from the pulp, remove moisture from the slag, efficiently extract organic matter from the pulp, improve the organic matter extraction rate, reduce waste and secondary pollution, and effectively increase production.

[0020] 2. This utility model adds a feed hopper above the slag remover and controls the slurry flow rate through a flow valve. The slurry pressure difference can make the feed flow rate of the slag remover more stable, thereby effectively avoiding uneven slurry delivery by the feed pump due to changes in the slurry concentration in the transfer bin, which would lead to unstable feed of the slag remover and affect the output.

[0021] 3. The transfer chamber of this utility model is equipped with a partition screen, which divides the chamber into a sedimentation zone and a slurry zone. The partition screen can screen the materials and prevent large particles such as metals and ceramics in the sedimentation zone from entering the slurry zone. This can effectively reduce the pressure on the downstream equipment, thereby effectively preventing blockage of downstream equipment such as the feed pump, and thus effectively reducing maintenance costs and improving processing efficiency.

[0022] 4. This utility model features a variable-pitch screw conveyor inclined at the bottom of the sedimentation zone in the transfer chamber. When the sediment in the sedimentation zone reaches a certain amount, the variable-pitch screw conveyor below the sedimentation zone can be opened. The sediment is discharged from the outlet under the conveying, squeezing, and pressing action of the variable-pitch screw, thus avoiding manual cleaning by workers and effectively reducing labor intensity and processing costs. At the same time, due to the inclined setting of the variable-pitch screw conveyor, the slurry in the sedimentation zone will remain in the sedimentation zone and can enter the slurry zone under the action of the agitator and then enter the downstream equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 - A schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 -Top-view sectional view of the transit warehouse

[0025] Wherein: 1-Feed hopper; 2-First screw conveyor; 3-Twin-shaft crusher; 4-Pulping machine; 5-Third screw conveyor; 6-Transfer hopper; 61-Separator; 7-Agitator; 8-Feed pump; 9-Feeding hopper; 10-Slag remover; 11-Second screw conveyor; 12-Storage hopper; 13-Slag hopper; a-Sedimentation zone; b-Slurry zone. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A pretreatment system for kitchen waste includes a feeding hopper 1, a twin-shaft crusher 3, a pulper 4, a transfer hopper 6, a feeding hopper 9, a slag remover 10, a storage hopper 12, and a slag hopper 13.

[0028] The feeding hopper 1 is used to temporarily store kitchen waste to be processed. The bottom of the feeding hopper 1 has a discharge port. A first screw conveyor 2 is provided between the feeding hopper 1 and the twin-shaft crusher 3. The inlet of the first screw conveyor 2 is connected to the outlet of the feeding hopper 1. The outlet of the first screw conveyor 2 is located above the twin-shaft crusher 3 and corresponds to the inlet of the twin-shaft crusher 3, so that the kitchen waste can enter the twin-shaft crusher 3 for crushing.

[0029] The discharge port of the twin-shaft crusher 3 is connected to the inlet of the pulper 4. The discharge port of the pulper 4 is located above the inlet of the transfer bin 6, which facilitates the entry of the liquid material in the pulper 4 into the transfer bin 6. The transfer bin is equipped with an agitator 7. The bottom side wall of the transfer bin 6 is equipped with a discharge port. The discharge port of the transfer bin 6 is connected to the feed hopper 9 through a first pipeline, and a feed pump 8 is provided on the first pipeline to facilitate the pumping of kitchen waste in the transfer bin 6 into the feed hopper 9.

[0030] The slag remover 10 has a feed inlet, a slag outlet, and a slurry outlet. The slag remover 10 is located below the feed hopper 9, and the feed outlet of the feed hopper 9 and the feed inlet of the slag remover 10 are connected by a second pipeline. A flow valve is provided on the second pipeline to facilitate control of the amount of liquid entering the slag remover 10. The slag outlet of the slag remover 10 is connected to the feed inlet of the second screw conveyor 11. The discharge outlet of the second screw conveyor is located above the slag silo 13 to facilitate the transport of slag to the slag silo 13. The slurry outlet of the slag remover 10 is connected to the storage silo 12 to transport the slurry to the storage silo 12 for storage, and then pumped into the downstream equipment by a feed pump provided at the bottom of the storage silo.

[0031] In this way, after the kitchen waste collected by the kitchen waste truck is poured into the feeding hopper, it is transported to the twin-shaft crusher by the first screw conveyor for crushing. The crushed material then enters the pulping machine for further crushing. The crushed material then enters the transfer hopper, and the slurry in the transfer hopper is pumped into the feeding hopper by the feeding pump. By adjusting the flow valve, the amount of slurry in the feeding hopper entering the slag remover is adjusted. The slag remover is equipped with a screen. Slurry that is not larger than the screen aperture enters the storage hopper and is evenly mixed by the agitator in the storage hopper before being transported to the downstream process by the feeding pump. Slag that is larger than the screen aperture is transported to the slag hopper or slag handcart by the second screw conveyor.

[0032] In this embodiment, the screen aperture of the slag remover is 3.5mm, and it has hexagonal holes, which solves the problem of easy clogging of traditional round holes. The slag remover can effectively remove slag from the pulp, and at the same time remove moisture from the slag, efficiently extracting organic matter from the pulp, improving the organic matter extraction rate, and reducing waste and secondary pollution. Furthermore, compared to the existing technology that uses a press to separate pulp and slag, where the material contains a lot of plant fiber and the pulping machine has already crushed the material into particles or long fibers with a diameter of about 8mm, a screw press is prone to clogging the screen and is difficult to clean, resulting in limited system throughput. By using a slag remover instead of a press, the output can be effectively increased. Under the same power, the output of one slag remover is 4-6 times that of one press, with comparable processing effect and more stable performance.

[0033] Furthermore, by adding a feed hopper above the slag remover and controlling the slurry flow rate through a flow valve, the slurry pressure difference can make the feed flow rate of the slag remover more stable. This can effectively prevent uneven slurry delivery by the feed pump due to changes in the slurry concentration in the transfer bin, which would lead to unstable feed to the slag remover and affect output.

[0034] In specific implementation, the first screw conveyor 2 is inclined, the feed inlet of the first screw conveyor 2 is located at the lower end, and a water outlet is provided at the lower end of the first screw conveyor 2. The water outlet of the first screw conveyor is connected to the transfer chamber 6 through a third pipeline, and a first water control valve is provided on the third pipeline.

[0035] When the moisture content of the kitchen waste is too high, some of the water in the kitchen waste will collect at the lower end of the first screw conveyor during the conveying process. Some of the water can be directly discharged into the transfer bin, and the moisture content of the material in the first screw conveyor can be adjusted by adjusting the first water control valve.

[0036] In specific implementation, the pulping machine 4 has a water inlet, which is used to connect to the water inlet pipe to introduce water to adjust the pulp concentration in the pulping machine 4, and a second water control valve is provided on the water inlet pipe.

[0037] The water introduced here can be residual wastewater from post-treatment. When the material concentration is too high, the second water control valve can be notified to introduce some water to adjust the material concentration.

[0038] In specific implementation, the transfer chamber 6 includes a chamber body, within which an annular mesh 61 is installed. The mesh 61 is vertically arranged, thereby dividing the chamber body into a sedimentation zone a and a slurry zone b. The slurry zone b is located outside the sedimentation zone a, and the agitator 7 is installed in the sedimentation zone. The mesh aperture is 6~10 mm.

[0039] In this way, the slurry from the pulping machine enters the sedimentation zone of the transfer chamber. Under the action of the agitator, the material is centrifuged, causing impurities such as metals, ceramics, and plastic bags larger than the mesh size to be intercepted in the sedimentation zone. These impurities settle to the bottom of the sedimentation tank under centrifugal sedimentation, while the material smaller than the mesh size passes through the mesh and enters the slurry zone, and then enters the downstream equipment such as the feed pump. Because impurities such as metals and ceramics are intercepted in the sedimentation zone, the impurities in the slurry zone are small and few, which can effectively reduce the pressure on the downstream equipment, thereby effectively avoiding blockage of the feed pump and other downstream equipment, thus effectively reducing maintenance costs and improving processing efficiency.

[0040] The container can be square or round, and the mesh can also be square or round. When used, a round mesh will not have dead zones during mixing, which is more conducive to mixing.

[0041] In a specific implementation, the agitator 7 includes a rotating shaft and several blades. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the blades are horizontally arranged and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft is connected to a motor, which facilitates rotation under the drive of the motor to rotate the blades and stir the kitchen waste in the sedimentation zone. In a specific implementation, a stirring head is provided at the end of the blades away from the rotating shaft. The stirring head is curved to one side in an arc shape to increase the stirring effect.

[0042] By placing a stirring head at the free end of the paddle, the rotational force of the paddle is increased, resulting in a more pronounced stirring effect. Simultaneously, the stirring head, curved to one side, functions like a spoon, which helps to agitate usable components such as rice grains and other organic materials upwards, allowing them to pass through a screen into the slurry zone. Heavier materials, such as metals and ceramics, sink to the bottom of the sedimentation zone. The stirring head, being a consumable part, can be detachably mounted on the paddle.

[0043] In specific implementation, a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the silo corresponding to sedimentation zone a. A third screw conveyor 5 is inclined below the slag discharge port. The third screw conveyor 5 is a variable pitch screw conveyor. The lower end of the third screw conveyor 5 is provided with a feed port and the upper end is provided with a discharge port. The feed port of the third screw conveyor 5 is connected to the slag discharge port. The discharge port of the third screw conveyor 5 is higher than the silo body by a certain height. At the same time, the pitch of the third screw conveyor 5 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0044] In this way, when the metal, ceramic, and other precipitates in the sedimentation zone reach a certain amount, the third screw conveyor below the sedimentation zone can be opened. Under the conveying, squeezing, and pressing action of the third screw conveyor, the slag will be discharged from the outlet, thus avoiding manual cleaning by workers and effectively reducing the labor intensity and processing costs. At the same time, due to the inclined setting of the variable pitch screw conveyor, the slurry in the sedimentation zone will remain in the sedimentation zone and can enter the slurry zone under the action of the agitator and then enter the downstream equipment.

[0045] In practice, a return pipe is installed between the feed hopper 9 and the transfer bin 6. This allows the slurry to be returned to the transfer bin when the feed pump delivers too much slurry to the feed hopper.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations and modifications based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of this utility model are still within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for kitchen waste, characterized in that, It includes a feed hopper, a twin-shaft crusher, a pulper, a transfer hopper, a feed hopper, a slag remover, a storage silo, and a slag silo; The feeding hopper is used to temporarily store kitchen waste to be processed. The bottom of the feeding hopper has a discharge port. A first screw conveyor is provided between the feeding hopper and the twin-shaft crusher. The feed port of the first screw conveyor is connected to the discharge port of the feeding hopper. The discharge port of the first screw conveyor is located above the twin-shaft crusher and corresponds to the feed port of the twin-shaft crusher, so as to facilitate the entry of kitchen waste into the twin-shaft crusher for crushing. The discharge port of the twin-shaft crusher is connected to the inlet of the pulper. The discharge port of the pulper is located above the inlet of the transfer silo. The transfer silo is equipped with an agitator and a discharge port on the bottom side wall of the transfer silo. The discharge port of the transfer silo is connected to the feed hopper through a first pipeline, and a feeding pump is installed on the first pipeline to facilitate pumping the kitchen waste in the transfer silo into the feed hopper. The slag remover has a feed inlet, a slag outlet, and a slurry outlet. The slag remover is located below the feed hopper, and the feed hopper outlet and the slag remover inlet are connected by a second pipeline with a flow valve. The slag remover outlet is connected to the feed inlet of a second screw conveyor, and the second screw conveyor outlet is located above the slag silo to facilitate the transport of slag to the slag silo. The slurry outlet of the slag remover is connected to a storage silo to transport the slurry to the storage silo for storage.

2. The food waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first screw conveyor is inclined, with the feed inlet of the first screw conveyor located at the lower end, and a water outlet is provided at the lower end of the first screw conveyor. The water outlet is connected to the transfer chamber through a third pipeline, and a first water control valve is provided on the third pipeline.

3. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pulping machine has a water inlet for connecting to a water inlet pipe to introduce water and adjust the pulp concentration in the pulping machine. A second water control valve is provided on the water inlet pipe.

4. The food waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transfer chamber includes a chamber body, and an annular partition is provided inside the chamber body. The partition is vertically arranged, thereby dividing the chamber body into a sedimentation zone and a slurry zone. The slurry zone is located outside the sedimentation zone, and the agitator is located inside the sedimentation zone.

5. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The agitator includes a rotating shaft and several blades. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged, and the blades are horizontally arranged and evenly distributed along the axis of the rotating shaft. The upper end of the rotating shaft is connected to a motor, which facilitates rotation under the drive of the motor to drive the blades to rotate, so as to agitate the kitchen waste in the sedimentation zone.

6. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A stirring head is provided at the end of the blade away from the rotation axis. The stirring head is curved to one side in an arc shape to increase the stirring effect.

7. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 4, 5, or 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the silo corresponding to the sedimentation zone is provided with a slag discharge port. A third screw conveyor is inclined below the slag discharge port. The third screw conveyor is a variable pitch screw conveyor. The lower end of the third screw conveyor is provided with a feed port and the upper end is provided with a discharge port. The feed port of the third screw conveyor is connected to the slag discharge port. The discharge port of the third screw conveyor is higher than the silo body by a certain height. At the same time, the pitch of the third screw conveyor gradually decreases from bottom to top.

8. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mesh size is 6~10mm.

9. A food waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A return pipe is installed between the feed hopper and the transfer bin.

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