Junction box welding machine for inclined head detection assembly and photovoltaic assembly

Abstract

The utility model relates to an inclined head detection assembly and a junction box welding machine for a photovoltaic assembly, which comprises a detection bottom plate, a pressing detection module, a first horizontal detection module and a second horizontal detection module, the detection directions of the first horizontal detection module and the second horizontal detection module are both located in the horizontal plane, and the two detection directions are perpendicular to each other. The inclined head detection assembly can help the soldering iron welding head to detect whether the soldering iron welding head is collided and inclined or not, and normal use of the soldering iron welding head is guaranteed. A junction box welding machine for a photovoltaic module comprises a rack, a jacking and correcting assembly line, a plurality of welding mechanical arms and a plurality of composite cleaning assemblies. The equipment can complete automatic welding of the junction box on the photovoltaic module, the welding efficiency is high, and manpower is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular to a tilt detection component and a junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Soldering iron tips are used in photovoltaic module junction box soldering machines. The working principle involves bringing solder wire close to the end of the soldering iron tip. The tip melts the solder wire into solder paste, which drips onto the area to be soldered. After the solder paste cools and solidifies, the junction box is soldered onto the photovoltaic module. A single photovoltaic module may have multiple junction boxes. After soldering, soldering iron tips easily retain solder slag. Oxides and residual solder slag on the tip can lead to poor thermal conductivity, uneven solder joints, and even direct solder adhesion, affecting soldering efficiency and quality, and shortening the lifespan of the soldering iron tip. Therefore, soldering iron tips need to be cleaned regularly to remove solder slag. However, this also presents a problem: during cleaning, the soldering iron tip may be knocked askew, making it difficult to align the tip properly for subsequent soldering.

[0003] Chinese patent CN110116249A discloses a welding device suitable for junction boxes, but the device does not include a welding head cleaning function, nor does it take into account the problem of the welding head being bent.

[0004] Chinese patent CN222176291U discloses a welding head cleaning device. It relies on a driving component to drive a first elastic component to replace the tooth groove, then moves a pull-back locking block, which in turn moves a slide table and a cleaning brush on the slide table. This improves the adjustability of the cleaning brush's cleaning surface and avoids the problem of poor cleaning effect caused by the welding head being in contact with a single cleaning area for a long time, thereby improving spot welding quality and increasing product qualification rate. The overall structure is simple and easy to operate. However, it does not address how to solve the problem of the welding head being knocked askew during cleaning.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] One of the main objectives of this invention is to provide a tip tilting detection component, which can help detect whether the soldering tip is tilted, thus ensuring the normal use of the soldering tip.

[0007] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a head tilt detection component, comprising a detection base plate, a pressing detection module, a first horizontal detection module, and a second horizontal detection module. The pressing detection module has a vertical detection direction, and the detection directions of the first and second horizontal detection modules are both located in a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The pressing detection module includes a pressing seat fixed to the lower part of the detection base plate, a pressing shaft vertically disposed on the pressing seat, a pressing support plate fixed to the top of the pressing shaft, a spring sleeved on the pressing shaft, a pressure sensing plate disposed on one side of the pressing support plate, and a pressing sensor disposed below the detection base plate. The spring is... The pressing sensor is clamped between the lower surface of the pressing tray and the upper surface of the pressing base. It is used to sense whether the position of the pressing sensor is out of range. The first horizontal detection module and the second horizontal detection module have the same structure, both including a contact, an elastic push rod, a stop block, a translation sensor, and a translation sensor. The stop block and the translation sensor are fixed to the detection base plate. One end of the elastic push rod is connected to the stop block, and the other end is connected to the contact. The translation sensor is connected to one side of the contact. The translation sensor is used to detect whether the position of the translation sensor is out of range. The upper surface of the pressing tray and the contact surfaces of the two contact members are close to each other and perpendicular to each other.

[0008] Specifically, the first horizontal detection module and the second horizontal detection module further include a slider and a slide rail. The slide rail is fixed to the detection base plate, and the slider is fixed to the lower part of the contact member and matches the slide rail.

[0009] Another major objective of this invention is to provide a junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules, which can automatically weld junction boxes onto photovoltaic modules with high welding efficiency and save manpower.

[0010] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules, comprising a frame, a lifting and straightening production line, a plurality of welding robots and a plurality of the aforementioned tilt detection components. The lifting and straightening production line is located at the lower part of the frame and conveys photovoltaic modules in a horizontal direction. The welding robots and the tilt detection components are located at the upper part of the frame, and each welding robot has one tilt detection component within its operating range.

[0011] Specifically, the lifting and straightening assembly line includes a conveyor line, a lifting mechanism located at the center of the conveyor line, a pair of front and rear straightening mechanisms located on the front and rear sides of the conveyor line in the conveying direction, a pair of left and right straightening mechanisms located on the left and right sides of the conveying direction, and a positioning sensor located on one side of the conveyor line. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate and a lifting drive component that drives the lifting plate to move up and down relative to the frame. The positioning sensor is used to control the timing of the actions of the lifting drive component, the front and rear straightening mechanisms, and the left and right straightening mechanisms.

[0012] Specifically, the welding robot includes a robotic arm and a soldering iron tip located at the free end of the robotic arm. The soldering iron tip includes a soldering iron tip support connected to the robotic arm, a soldering iron tip located at the bottom of the soldering iron tip support, and a solder feeding tube, a camera, and a smoke exhaust pipe arranged around the soldering iron tip. The end of the solder feeding tube, the optical axis of the camera, and the inlet of the smoke exhaust pipe are all obliquely aligned with the end of the soldering iron tip. A smoke exhaust mechanism is provided outside the frame, and the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke exhaust mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, a camera detection assembly is provided on one side of the welding head bracket. The camera detection assembly includes a camera for taking downward pictures and a surface light source for illuminating the imaging area of ​​the camera.

[0014] Specifically, it also includes several composite cleaning components, which are located on the upper part of the frame. Each welding robot has one composite cleaning component within its operating range. The composite cleaning component includes a cleaning base, a copper wire cleaning mechanism, and an air blowing cleaning mechanism. The copper wire cleaning mechanism and the air blowing cleaning mechanism are both located inside the cleaning base.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper wire cleaning mechanism includes a first cleaning box and a plurality of rotating copper wire brushes. The first cleaning box has a first opening at the top for the soldering iron tip to extend into, and the plurality of rotating copper wire brushes are arranged axially parallel below the first opening.

[0016] Furthermore, the air-blowing cleaning mechanism includes a second cleaning box and an air-blowing pipe. The second cleaning box has a second opening at its top for inserting a soldering iron tip, and the air-blowing pipe is inserted into the second opening from the side of the second cleaning box.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper part of the second cleaning box has a baffle plate surrounding the second opening.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model's technical solution are:

[0019] 1. In the tilt detection component, the robotic arm moves the soldering iron tip at an angle towards the area enclosed by the upper surface of the pressing plate and the contact surfaces of the two contact pieces. If the soldering iron tip is not significantly tilted, the pressing plate or the two contact pieces will move to the appropriate position, and the pressure sensor will be detected by the pressure sensor. Each translation sensor will also be detected by its corresponding translation sensor, thus enabling the soldering iron tip to pass the tilt detection. If the soldering iron tip is tilted too much in a certain direction, at least one of the pressure sensor and the two translation sensors will not be detected. The pressure sensor and / or the translation sensor will output an abnormal signal, pausing the robotic arm's movement and alerting the operator to troubleshoot the problem through audible and visual signals, ensuring the normal use of the soldering iron tip.

[0020] 2. The junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules can automatically weld the junction box onto the photovoltaic module, with high welding efficiency and saving manpower. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A perspective view of a photovoltaic module junction box welding machine with part of the outer casing removed, as shown in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the main components inside the frame;

[0023] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the lifting and straightening assembly line;

[0024] Figure 4 A diagram showing the working status of the lifting and straightening assembly line;

[0025] Figure 5 A 3D view of a soldering iron tip;

[0026] Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of the soldering iron tip from another perspective;

[0027] Figure 7 A 3D view of the composite cleaning component;

[0028] Figure 8 A 3D view of the composite cleaning component with part of the cover removed;

[0029] Figure 9 A 3D view of the head tilt detection component;

[0030] Figure 10 This is the main view of the head tilt detection component.

[0031] The numbers in the image represent:

[0032] 100-Gemstone junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules

[0033] 1-Rack,

[0034] 2-Lifting and straightening production line, 21-Conveyor line, 22-Lifting mechanism, 221-Lifting plate, 222-Lifting drive component, 23-Front and rear straightening mechanism, 24-Left and right straightening mechanism, 25-Positioning sensor.

[0035] 3- Welding robot, 31- Robotic arm, 32- Soldering iron tip, 321- Soldering tip holder, 322- Soldering iron tip, 323- Solder feed tube, 324- Camera, 325- Exhaust pipe, 326- Camera inspection component, 3261- Camera, 3262- Surface light source.

[0036] 4-Composite cleaning assembly, 41-Cleaning mounting base, 411-Fixed base plate, 412-Baffle plate, 42-Copper wire cleaning mechanism, 421-First cleaning box, 422-Rotary motor, 423-Gear drive mechanism, 424-Rotary copper wire brush, 43-Air blowing cleaning mechanism, 431-Second cleaning box, 4311-Wind baffle plate, 432-Air blowing pipe, 44-Temperature measuring mechanism, 441-Temperature controller, 442-Positioning pin.

[0037] 5-Head tilt detection assembly, 51-Detection base plate, 52-Press detection module, 521-Pressing seat, 522-Pressing shaft, 523-Pressing support plate, 524-Spring, 525-Pressing sensor, 526-Pressing sensor, 53a-First horizontal detection module, 53b-Second horizontal detection module, 531-Contact element, 532-Elastic push rod, 533-Stop block, 534-Slider, 535-Slide rail, 536-Translation sensor, 537-Translation sensor

[0038] 6-Smoke extraction mechanism;

[0039] 200 - Photovoltaic modules, 201 - Junction boxes. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0041] Example:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic module junction box welding machine includes a frame 1, a lifting and straightening assembly line 2, several welding robots 3, several composite cleaning components 4, several tilt detection components 5, and several smoke exhaust mechanisms 6. The lifting and straightening assembly line 2 is located at the lower part of the frame 1 and conveys photovoltaic modules 200 in a horizontal direction. The welding robots 3, composite cleaning components 4, and tilt detection components 5 are set up in the upper part of the frame 1. Each welding robot 3 has one composite cleaning component 4 and one tilt detection component 5 within its operating range. The smoke exhaust mechanisms 6 are located outside the frame 1.

[0043] The frame 1 serves as the fixed base for the equipment. The lifting and straightening assembly line 2, all welding robots 3, all composite cleaning components 4, and all tilt detection components 5 are all fixed within the frame 1. The fume extraction mechanism 6, due to its significant operational vibration, is located outside the frame 1 to prevent vibration from being transmitted to the components on the frame 1. The lifting and straightening assembly line 2 is used to transport and position the photovoltaic modules 200. The welding robots 3 are used to perform welding operations on the junction boxes 201, and their ends have soldering iron tips 322. The composite cleaning components 4 are used to clean the welding slag remaining on the soldering iron tips 322 during welding. The tilt detection components 5 are used to detect whether the soldering iron tips 322 have been bent, ensuring welding quality.

[0044] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the lifting and straightening production line 2 includes a conveyor line 21, a lifting mechanism 22 located at the center of the conveyor line 21, a pair of front and rear straightening mechanisms 23 located on the front and rear sides of the conveyor line 21 in the conveying direction, a pair of left and right straightening mechanisms 24 located on the left and right sides of the conveying direction, and a positioning sensor 25 located on one side of the conveyor line 21. The lifting mechanism 22 includes a lifting plate 221 and a lifting drive component 222 that drives the lifting plate 221 to rise and fall relative to the frame 1. The positioning sensor 25 is used to control the timing of the actions of the lifting drive component 222, the front and rear straightening mechanisms 23 and the left and right straightening mechanisms 24.

[0045] The conveyor line 21 is used to move the photovoltaic module 200 horizontally into or out of the equipment. The lifting mechanism 22 is used to raise the photovoltaic module 200 above the conveying surface of the conveyor line 21, and uses four alignment mechanisms to complete position correction, ensuring that the photovoltaic module 200 is fixed in position during welding. When the positioning sensor 25 detects that the photovoltaic module 200 has reached the middle of the conveyor line 21, the lifting plate 221 lifts the photovoltaic module 200, and the front and rear alignment mechanisms 23 and the left and right alignment mechanisms 24 then correct it. Because the front and rear alignment mechanisms 23 are located in the direction of movement of the photovoltaic module 200, they cannot obstruct the translation of the photovoltaic module 200, so they generally need to have lifting and translation functions. The left and right alignment mechanisms 24 do not obstruct the translation of the photovoltaic module 200, so they generally only need to have translation functions.

[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the welding robot 3 includes a robotic arm 31 and a soldering iron tip 322 located at the free end of the robotic arm 31. The soldering iron tip 322 includes a soldering tip support 321 connected to the robotic arm 31, a soldering iron tip 322 located at the bottom of the soldering tip support 321, and a solder feeding tube 323, a camera 324, and a fume extraction pipe 325 arranged around the soldering iron tip 322. The end of the solder feeding tube 323, the optical axis of the camera 324, and the inlet of the fume extraction pipe 325 are all obliquely aligned with the end of the soldering iron tip 322. The outlet of the fume extraction pipe 325 is connected to the fume extraction mechanism 6. A camera detection assembly 326 is provided on one side of the soldering tip support 321. The camera detection assembly 326 includes a downward-facing camera 3261 and a surface light source 3262 that provides illumination to the imaging area of ​​the camera 3261.

[0047] The robotic arm 31 can freely control the direction of the soldering tip 322, allowing it to extend in the appropriate direction to the soldering position on the junction box 201, the cleaning position on the composite cleaning component 4, and the detection position on the tilt detection component 5. The solder feed tube 323 supplies solder wire to the end of the soldering tip 322 to complete the soldering. The camera 324 monitors the soldering process in real time to ensure proper soldering. The exhaust pipe 325 removes the soldering fumes generated during soldering, preventing them from contaminating the surface of the photovoltaic module 200. The camera 3261 helps the welding robot 3 find the precise position of the junction box 201, thereby guiding the soldering tip 322 closer to the soldering position.

[0048] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the composite cleaning assembly 4 includes a cleaning base 41, a copper wire cleaning mechanism 42, an air blowing cleaning mechanism 43, and a temperature measuring mechanism 44. The cleaning base 41 is connected to the frame 1 and includes a fixed base plate 411 and a baffle plate 412 surrounding the edge of the fixed base plate 411. The copper wire cleaning mechanism 42, the air blowing cleaning mechanism 43, and the temperature measuring mechanism 44 are all located inside the cleaning base 41 and connected to the fixed base plate 411. The copper wire cleaning mechanism 42 includes a first cleaning box 421, a rotary motor 422, a gear drive mechanism 423, and a pair of rotary copper wire brushes 424. The rotary motor 422 synchronously drives the two rotary copper wire brushes 424 to rotate through the gear drive mechanism 423. The first cleaning box 421 has a first opening at the top for the soldering iron tip 322 to extend into. The two rotary copper wire brushes 424 are arranged axially parallel on both sides below the first opening. The air-blowing cleaning mechanism 43 includes a second cleaning box 431 and an air-blowing pipe 432. The second cleaning box 431 has a second opening at its top for inserting a soldering iron tip 322. The air-blowing pipe 432 is inserted into the second opening from the side of the second cleaning box 431. The upper part of the second cleaning box 431 has a baffle plate 4311 surrounding the second opening. The temperature measuring mechanism 44 includes a temperature controller 441 and a positioning pin 442 erected on one side of the temperature controller 441.

[0049] The composite cleaning component 4 provides two cleaning methods: copper wire cleaning and air blowing cleaning. When the soldering iron tip 322 is inserted into the first opening, the rotating copper wire brush 424 can brush off stubborn solder slag by rotating around the soldering iron tip 322, causing it to fall into the first cleaning box 421. When the soldering iron tip 322 is inserted into the second opening, the air blowing pipe 432 blows air towards the side of the soldering iron tip 322, causing solder slag debris to fall into the second cleaning box 431. The baffle plate 4311 can block other directions besides the insertion direction (above) of the soldering iron tip 322 and the extension direction (side) of the air blowing pipe 432, preventing debris from being blown out of the second cleaning box 431, thus ensuring the normal operation of the soldering iron tip 322. If air blowing cleaning is not completely effective, copper wire cleaning can be used for secondary cleaning. The cleaning frequency of the soldering iron tip 322 is set by the program, and the two cleaning actions are not sequential. Both cleaning methods inevitably generate some debris, but even if a small amount of debris is stirred up, it can be intercepted by the baffle plate 412 to prevent it from contaminating the photovoltaic module 200. To avoid damage to the two cleaning mechanisms by the high-heat soldering iron tip 322, some equipment requires the temperature of the soldering iron tip 322 to be reduced to a suitable range before cleaning. Therefore, the temperature measuring mechanism 44 is located nearby in the composite cleaning component 4 to reduce the travel distance. During temperature measurement, the camera 3261 can first guide the soldering iron tip 322 to the position of the positioning pin 442. The soldering iron tip 322 first contacts the positioning pin 442 to determine its relative height, and then the robotic arm 31 moves the soldering iron tip 322 to the detection position of the temperature controller 441. This ensures that the temperature of the soldering iron tip 322 is correctly monitored.

[0050] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the head tilt detection component 5 includes a detection base plate 51, a press detection module 52, a first horizontal detection module 53a, and a second horizontal detection module 53b. The detection direction of the press detection module 52 is vertical, while the detection directions of the first horizontal detection module 53a and the second horizontal detection module 53b are both located in the horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The press detection module 52 includes a press seat 521 fixed to the lower part of the detection base plate 51, a press shaft 522 erected on the press seat 521, a press support plate 523 fixed to the top of the press shaft 522, a spring 524 sleeved outside the press shaft 522, a pressure sensing piece 525 disposed on one side of the press support plate 523, and a press sensor 526 disposed below the detection base plate 51. The spring 524 is clamped between the lower surface of the press support plate 523 and the upper surface of the press seat 521. The press sensor 526 is used to sense whether the position of the pressure sensing piece 525 is out of range. The first horizontal detection module 53a and the second horizontal detection module 53b have the same structure, both including a contact 531, an elastic push rod 532, a stop block 533, a slider 534, a slide rail 535, a translation sensing plate 536, and a translation sensor 537. The stop block 533, the slide rail 535, and the translation sensor 537 are all fixed on the detection base plate 51. One end of the elastic push rod 532 is connected to the stop block 533, and the other end is connected to the contact 531. The slider 534 is fixed to the lower part of the contact 531 and matches the slide rail 535. The translation sensing plate 536 is connected to one side of the contact 531. The translation sensor 537 is used to detect whether the position of the translation sensing plate 536 is out of range. The upper surface of the pressing plate 523 and the contact surfaces of the two contact 531 are close to each other and perpendicular to each other.

[0051] The pressing detection module 52, the first horizontal detection module 53a, and the second horizontal detection module 53b have the same detection principle, only the detection direction is different, and the three detection directions are perpendicular to each other. The pressing plate 523 can float up and down under the action of the spring 524, and the contact member 531 can bounce horizontally under the action of the elastic push rod 532. The robotic arm 31 will move the soldering tip 322 at an angle (for example, in the XYZ three-coordinate space, the angle between the axis and the three standard planes is 45°) close to the area surrounded by the upper surface of the pressing plate 523 and the contact surface of the two contact members 531. If the position of the soldering tip 322 is not significantly tilted, the pressing plate 523 or the two contact members 531 will move to the appropriate position, and the pressing sensor 525 will be sensed by the pressing sensor 526. Each translation sensor 536 will also be sensed by the corresponding translation sensor 537. In this way, the soldering tip 322 can pass the tilt detection. If the soldering tip 322 is tilted too much in a certain direction, at least one of the pressing sensor 525 and the two translation sensors 536 will not be sensed. The pressing sensor 526 and / or the translation sensor 537 will output an abnormal signal, pausing the movement of the robotic arm 31 and reminding the operator to troubleshoot the problem through audible and visual signals, thus ensuring the normal use of the soldering tip 322.

[0052] The operating procedure for this photovoltaic module junction box welding machine 100 is as follows:

[0053] 1. The conveyor line 21 moves the photovoltaic module 200, which has been placed in the junction box 201 (three in this embodiment), into the equipment. After the photovoltaic module 200 is sensed by the positioning sensor 25, the lifting drive 222 drives the lifting plate 221 to rise and make the photovoltaic module 200 separate from the conveyor line 21. Then the front and rear alignment mechanism 23 rises and works with the left and right alignment mechanism 24 to align the four sides of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0054] 2. Three welding robots 3 work synchronously. The robotic arm 31 drives the soldering iron tip 32 to approach the top of the expected junction box 201. The camera 3261 first identifies the actual relative position of the welding area and the soldering iron tip 322. Then the robotic arm 31 adjusts the position of the soldering iron tip 322 so that it reaches the welding area.

[0055] 3. The soldering iron tip 322 starts to heat up, and the solder tube 323 delivers the solder wire to the soldering area, where it melts into solder paste and flows into the soldering area. During this process, the fume extraction mechanism 6 uses the fume extraction tube 325 to draw air into the soldering area, so that the soldering fumes are drawn away in time.

[0056] 4. After completing a welding operation, the robotic arm 31 drives the soldering iron tip 322 to move to the positioning pin 442 for height positioning. Then, under the guidance of the camera 3261, it contacts the temperature controller 441. After the soldering iron tip 322 cools down to a suitable temperature, it is first inserted into the second opening. The air pipe 432 blows air to clean the head of the soldering iron tip 322. Then, the soldering iron tip 322 is inserted into the first opening, and two rotating copper wire brushes 424 clean the copper wires on the head of the soldering iron tip 322.

[0057] 5. After cleaning, the robotic arm 31 tilts the soldering iron tip 322 towards the detection area of ​​the tilt detection component 5. If neither the pressing sensor 526 nor the translation sensor 537 outputs an abnormal signal, the soldering iron tip 322 is in a normal position, and the welding robotic arm 3 can directly return to its initial state and wait for the next welding. If the pressing sensor 526 or any of the translation sensors 537 outputs an abnormal signal, the operator needs to be reminded to troubleshoot the problem, and then the welding robotic arm 3 returns to its initial state.

[0058] 6. During the time interval for cleaning and head tilting detection of the soldering iron tip 322, the front and rear alignment mechanism 23 and the left and right alignment mechanism 24 are retracted, the photovoltaic module 200 that has completed the welding of the junction box 201 is placed back on the conveyor line 21, and then removed from the equipment.

[0059] This photovoltaic module junction box welding machine 100 can automatically weld the junction box 201 onto the photovoltaic module 200, with high welding efficiency and saving manpower.

[0060] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A head tilt detection component, characterized in that: The device includes a detection base plate, a pressure detection module, a first horizontal detection module, and a second horizontal detection module. The pressure detection module's detection direction is vertical. The detection directions of the first and second horizontal detection modules are both located in a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The pressure detection module includes a pressure seat fixed to the lower part of the detection base plate, a pressure shaft erected on the pressure seat, a pressure support plate fixed to the top of the pressure shaft, a spring sleeved on the pressure shaft, a pressure sensing plate disposed on one side of the pressure support plate, and a pressure sensor disposed below the detection base plate. The spring is clamped to the lower surface of the pressure support plate and... Between the upper surfaces of the pressing base, the pressing sensor is used to sense whether the position of the pressing sensor is out of range; the first horizontal detection module and the second horizontal detection module have the same structure, both including a contact element, an elastic push rod, a stop block, a translation sensor, and a translation sensor. The stop block and the translation sensor are both fixed on the detection base plate. One end of the elastic push rod is connected to the stop block, and the other end is connected to the contact element. The translation sensor is connected to one side of the contact element. The translation sensor is used to detect whether the position of the translation sensor is out of range. The upper surface of the pressing base and the contact surfaces of the two contact elements are close to each other and perpendicular to each other.

2. The head tilt detection component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first horizontal detection module and the second horizontal detection module further include a slider and a slide rail. The slide rail is fixed to the detection base plate, and the slider is fixed to the lower part of the contact member and matches the slide rail.

3. A junction box welding machine for photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The assembly includes a frame, a lifting and straightening production line, several welding robots, and several tilt detection components as described in claim 1 or 2. The lifting and straightening production line is located at the lower part of the frame and transports photovoltaic modules in a horizontal direction. The welding robots and the tilt detection components are located at the upper part of the frame, and each welding robot has one tilt detection component within its operating range.

4. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting and straightening assembly line includes a conveyor line, a lifting mechanism located at the center of the conveyor line, a pair of front and rear straightening mechanisms located on the front and rear sides of the conveyor line in the conveying direction, a pair of left and right straightening mechanisms located on the left and right sides of the conveying direction, and a positioning sensor located on one side of the conveyor line. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate and a lifting drive component that drives the lifting plate to move up and down relative to the frame. The positioning sensor is used to control the timing of the actions of the lifting drive component, the front and rear straightening mechanisms, and the left and right straightening mechanisms.

5. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The welding robot includes a robotic arm and a soldering iron tip located at the free end of the robotic arm. The soldering iron tip includes a soldering iron tip support connected to the robotic arm, a soldering iron tip located at the bottom of the soldering iron tip support, and a solder feeding tube, a camera, and a smoke exhaust pipe arranged around the soldering iron tip. The end of the solder feeding tube, the optical axis of the camera, and the inlet of the smoke exhaust pipe are all aligned obliquely with the end of the soldering iron tip. A smoke exhaust mechanism is provided outside the frame, and the outlet of the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the smoke exhaust mechanism.

6. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A camera detection assembly is provided on one side of the welding head bracket. The camera detection assembly includes a camera that takes downward pictures and a surface light source that provides illumination to the camera's imaging area.

7. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes several composite cleaning components, which are located on the upper part of the frame. Each welding robot has one composite cleaning component within its operating range. The composite cleaning component includes a cleaning base, a copper wire cleaning mechanism, and an air blowing cleaning mechanism. The copper wire cleaning mechanism and the air blowing cleaning mechanism are both located inside the cleaning base.

8. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The copper wire cleaning mechanism includes a first cleaning box and multiple rotating copper wire brushes. The first cleaning box has a first opening at the top for the soldering iron tip to extend into, and the multiple rotating copper wire brushes are arranged axially parallel below the first opening.

9. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air-blowing cleaning mechanism includes a second cleaning box and an air-blowing pipe. The second cleaning box has a second opening at the top for inserting a soldering iron tip, and the air-blowing pipe is inserted into the second opening from the side of the second cleaning box.

10. The photovoltaic module junction box welding machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper part of the second cleaning box has a baffle plate surrounding the second opening.

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