High-voltage system of electric automobile and electric automobile
By adopting an integrated high-voltage control module and a unified interface in electric vehicles, the physical and control integration of high-voltage components is achieved, solving the problems of multiple connection lines and cost waste caused by the independent arrangement of high-voltage components in electric vehicles, improving integration and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520411156.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-10
AI Technical Summary
The independent arrangement of high-voltage components in electric vehicles results in numerous and redundant connection lines, low integration, and wasted costs.
The high-voltage control module of the integrated area is adopted, and a unified battery interface and motor interface are set. The high-voltage components and power modules are controlled in a unified manner through an integrated control chip, realizing physical integration and control integration.
Simplify connection lines, improve integration, and reduce costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223934555U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle itself. Background Technology
[0002] Electric vehicles contain many high-voltage and low-voltage components. High-voltage components include HVDCDC (High Voltage Direct Current Converter), PDU (Power Distribution Unit), and OBC (On-Board Charger). In the electric vehicle industry, high voltage is generally between 300 volts and 1000 volts or even higher, while low voltage is generally below 48 volts.
[0003] Currently, high-voltage components in electric vehicles are arranged independently, and each high-voltage component is equipped with an independent connection design, such as dedicated high-voltage power distribution harness, high-voltage interface, cooling channel, high-voltage sampling, high-voltage drive, isolation, etc. This is especially true for Class A vehicles, resulting in numerous and repetitive connection lines, low integration, and wasted costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle and an electric vehicle to solve the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art.
[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle is provided, comprising: a high-voltage battery, a motor, and a high-voltage control module disposed in an integrated area, wherein the high-voltage control module is provided with a unified external battery interface and a motor interface;
[0006] The battery interface is used to connect the high-voltage battery, and the motor interface is used to connect the motor.
[0007] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module includes an integrated control chip, a high-voltage component, and a power module disposed within the integrated area;
[0008] The high-voltage component connects to the power module, the battery interface, and the integrated control chip. It connects to the high-voltage battery through the battery interface and receives control commands sent by the integrated control chip.
[0009] The power module connects to the motor interface and the integrated control chip, connects to the motor through the motor interface, and receives control commands sent by the integrated control chip.
[0010] In some embodiments, the integrated control chip includes a high-voltage component control unit and a power module control unit;
[0011] The high-voltage component control unit is connected to the high-voltage component, and the power module control unit is connected to the power module.
[0012] In some embodiments, the high-voltage component includes a high-voltage DC converter, and further includes at least one of a power distribution unit, a compressor, and a heater; the high-voltage component control unit includes a control unit connected to the high-voltage DC converter, and correspondingly includes at least one of a power distribution control unit, a compressor control unit, and a heater control unit;
[0013] The high-voltage DC converter is connected to the battery interface, the power module and the power distribution unit, and is also connected to the high-voltage DC converter control unit;
[0014] The power distribution unit is connected to the compressor and the heater, and is also connected to the power distribution control unit;
[0015] The compressor is connected to the compressor control unit, and the heater is connected to the heater control unit.
[0016] In some embodiments, the power module includes a driver board, a DC-DC converter, an on-board charger, and an inverter, and the power module control unit includes a DC-DC converter control unit, an on-board charger control unit, and an inverter control unit;
[0017] The high-voltage component is connected to the DC-DC converter, the inverter, and the on-board charger, and the inverter is connected to the motor interface; the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC-DC converter control unit, and the on-board charger is connected to the on-board charger control unit; the drive board is connected to the inverter and the inverter control unit.
[0018] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module is further provided with a charging interface and / or a low-voltage battery connection interface;
[0019] The on-board charger is connected to the charging interface;
[0020] The DC-DC converter is connected to the low-voltage battery connection interface, and the low-voltage battery of the electric vehicle is connected through the low-voltage battery connection interface.
[0021] In some embodiments, the power module further includes a filter, through which the high-voltage component is connected to the DC-DC converter and the inverter.
[0022] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module is further provided with a communication interface;
[0023] The integrated control chip is connected to the communication interface.
[0024] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module is further provided with a motor signal interface;
[0025] The integrated control chip is connected to the motor signal interface, and the motor detection sensor is connected through the motor signal interface.
[0026] According to a second aspect of this application, an electric vehicle is provided, including the high-voltage system of the electric vehicle described above.
[0027] In summary, the high-voltage system for electric vehicles and the electric vehicle provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects:
[0028] By adopting a high-voltage control module in an integrated area and setting up a unified battery interface and motor interface, the high-voltage battery is connected through a unified external battery interface, and the motor is connected through a unified external motor interface. This allows for the sharing of the same external connection lines, simplifies the connection lines, achieves physical integration, improves integration level, and thus reduces costs. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the specific embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings or solutions can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle in one embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-voltage system of an electric vehicle in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0032] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" to indicate orientation or positional relationship, unless otherwise specified, is understood to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
[0033] Furthermore, features specified with "first" or "second" for descriptive purposes only should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Features specified with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the specified features. The description of "multiple" generally means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0034] In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0035] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0036] In one embodiment of this application, a high-voltage system for an electric vehicle is provided, with reference to... Figure 1 The high-voltage system of an electric vehicle includes a high-voltage battery 20, a motor 30, and a high-voltage control module 10 located in an integrated area. The high-voltage control module 10 has a unified external battery interface and a motor interface, for example... Figure 1 Interface 1 in the diagram represents the battery interface, and interface 2 represents the motor interface. The battery interface (interface 1) is used to connect the high-voltage battery 20, and the motor interface (interface 2) is used to connect the motor 30.
[0037] The integrated area refers to a compact spatial region, such as a circuit board area or an electrical frame area. The high-voltage control module 10 includes multiple high-voltage functional devices for the electric vehicle. The high-voltage control module 10 being located in the integrated area means that all high-voltage functional devices included in the high-voltage control module 10 are housed within the same integrated area. Specifically, the high-voltage functional devices included in the high-voltage control module 10 are connected to the high-voltage battery 20 via a unified battery interface and to the motor 30 via a unified motor interface.
[0038] The high-voltage system of an electric vehicle adopts an integrated high-voltage control module 10, which integrates high-voltage functional devices within the same area. The high-voltage functional devices in the high-voltage control module 10 are connected to the high-voltage battery 20 through a unified external battery interface and to the motor 30 through a unified external motor interface. This allows them to share the same external connection lines, simplifying the connection lines, achieving physical integration, improving integration level, and thus reducing costs.
[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 The high-voltage control module 10 may include an integrated control chip 110, a high-voltage component 120, and a power module 130 disposed within the integrated area. The integrated control chip 110 is a chip that integrates the control functions of the high-voltage component 120 and the power module 130.
[0040] The high-voltage component 120 connects to the power module 130, the battery interface, and the integrated control chip 110. Specifically, the high-voltage component 120 connects to the high-voltage battery 20 of the electric vehicle via the battery interface. The high-voltage component 120 processes the voltage output from the high-voltage battery 20 and outputs it to the power module 130. The high-voltage component 120 receives control commands from the integrated control chip 110 and operates in response to these commands.
[0041] The power module 130 connects to the motor interface and the integrated control chip 110. Specifically, the power module 130 connects to the electric vehicle's motor 30 via the motor interface. The power module 130 processes the input voltage and outputs it to the motor 30 to drive the motor 30. The power module 130 receives control commands from the integrated control chip 110 and operates in response to these commands.
[0042] By integrating the control functions of the high-voltage component 120 and the power module 130 into a single integrated control chip 110, control commands are sent from the integrated control chip 110 to both the high-voltage component 120 and the power module 130, achieving control integration and reducing the use of control chips and control circuits. Furthermore, by placing the integrated control chip 110, the high-voltage component 120, and the power module 130 in the same integrated area, they can be connected to the high-voltage battery 20 and the motor 30 through a unified external connection interface, sharing the same external connection lines, thus achieving physical integration. In this way, through both control integration and physical integration, the integration level is improved, chip usage is reduced, and connection lines are simplified, thereby lowering costs.
[0043] In some embodiments, the integrated control chip 110 can be an MCU (microprocessor) chip. By using a single MCU chip to integrate the control functions of the high-voltage component 120 and the power module 130, the number of chips used can be reduced compared to using a separate chip for each control function.
[0044] In some embodiments, the integrated control chip 110 includes a high-voltage component control unit and a power module control unit.
[0045] The high-voltage component control unit is connected to the high-voltage component 120 and is used to send control commands to the high-voltage component 120 to control its operation. The power module control unit is connected to the power module 130 and is used to send control commands to the power module 130 to control its operation.
[0046] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module 10 is also provided with other connection interfaces, such as a communication interface, for example... Figure 2 As shown in Interface 3, the integrated control chip 10 is connected to a communication interface, allowing it to communicate with external devices, such as low-voltage systems. Specifically, the control units within the integrated control chip 10 that require communication share the same communication interface. This communication interface facilitates communication between the integrated control chip 10 within the high-voltage control module 10 and external systems.
[0047] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module 10 may also be provided with other connection interfaces, such as a motor signal interface, for example... Figure 2As shown in Interface 4, the integrated control chip 110 is connected to the motor signal interface. The motor signal interface is used to connect to a motor detection sensor mounted on the motor. Thus, the integrated control chip 110 connects to the motor detection sensor through the motor signal interface to receive signals sent by the motor detection sensor. For example, the motor detection sensor may include a motor position sensor and a motor temperature sensor. The integrated control chip 110 can receive the motor position signal sent by the motor position sensor and the motor temperature signal sent by the motor temperature sensor through the motor signal interface. Specifically, the integrated control chip 110 may also include a motor control unit, which is connected to the motor signal interface. By setting up the motor signal interface, the integrated control chip 110 can easily receive motor detection signals for control.
[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The high-voltage component 120 includes a high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) and at least one of a power distribution unit (PDU), a compressor (EKK), and a heater (PTC); the high-voltage component control unit includes a high-voltage DC-DC converter control unit (HVDCDC control) and at least one of a power distribution control unit (PDU control), a compressor control unit (EKK control), and a heater control unit (PTC control).
[0049] The high-voltage direct-to-voltage converter (HVDDC) connects to the battery interface, power module 130, and power distribution unit (PDU). The HVDDC converts the high-voltage direct-voltage output from the high-voltage battery 20 connected to the battery interface into DC power, which is then output to the power module 130 and the PDU. Furthermore, the HVDDC is also connected to a high-voltage direct-to-voltage converter control unit to receive control commands from the control unit and operate accordingly.
[0050] The power distribution unit (PDU) connects the compressor (EKK) and the heater (PTC), as well as the power distribution control unit. The power distribution control unit sends control commands to the power distribution unit (PDU) to control its operation; the power distribution unit (PDU) distributes voltage to the compressor (EKK) and the heater (PTC).
[0051] The compressor (EKK) is connected to the compressor control unit, and the heater (PTC) is connected to the heater control unit. The compressor control unit sends control commands to the compressor (EKK) to control its operation, and the heater control unit sends control commands to the heater (PTC) to control its operation.
[0052] By integrating the control units corresponding to each high-voltage component into an integrated control chip 110, the control of the high-voltage components is integrated. Compared with using independent control chips, this reduces the number of chips used and simplifies the control circuit.
[0053] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 The power module 130 includes a drive board, a DC-DC converter, an on-board charger (OBC), and an inverter (Power Box). The power module control unit includes a DC-DC converter control unit (DC-DC control), an on-board charger control unit (OBC control), and an inverter control unit (PWR control).
[0054] The high-voltage component 120 connects to a DC-DC converter (DCDC), an inverter (Power Box), and an on-board charger (OBC), with the inverter (Power Box) connected to the motor interface. Specifically, the high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) in the high-voltage component 120 connects to the DC-DC converter (DCDC), the inverter (Power Box), and the on-board charger (OBC); the voltage output from the high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) is processed by the DC-DC converter (DCDC) to output low-voltage DC power, which can be used by the low-voltage components; the voltage output from the high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) is converted from DC to AC by the inverter (Power Box), and then the AC power is output to the motor 30 through the motor interface.
[0055] The DC-DC converter (DCDC) is connected to the DC-DC converter control unit to operate according to the instructions sent by the DC-DC converter control unit; the on-board charger (OBC) is connected to the on-board charger control unit to operate according to the instructions sent by the on-board charger control unit. The drive board connects the inverter (Power Box) and the inverter control unit, and is used to drive the inverter to operate according to the instructions output by the inverter control unit.
[0056] By integrating the control units corresponding to the DC-DC converter (DCDC), on-board charger (OBC), and inverter (Power Box) into a single integrated control chip 110, control integration is achieved. Compared with using separate control chips, this reduces the number of chips used and simplifies the control circuitry.
[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the compressor (EKK), heater (PTC), DC-DC converter (DCDC), on-board charger (OBC), and inverter (Power Box) share a single cooling aisle, which reduces the reuse of the cooling aisle.
[0058] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module 10 is further provided with a charging interface, for example... Figure 2 Interface 5 is the charging interface; the on-board charger (OBC) connects to the charging interface. Specifically, the on-board charger (OBC) connects to an AC charger via the charging interface. The AC charger inputs AC power to the on-board charger, which converts the AC to DC power, allowing the high-voltage battery to be charged via a high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDC-CDC).
[0059] In some embodiments, the high-voltage control module 10 further includes a low-voltage battery connection interface, for example... Figure 2 Interface 6 is the low-voltage battery connection interface; the DC-DC converter (DCDC) connects to the low-voltage battery connection interface, through which the low-voltage battery of the electric vehicle is connected. Specifically, the DC-DC converter (DCDC) can convert the high-voltage DC output from the high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) into low-voltage DC, which then supplies power to the low-voltage battery through the low-voltage battery connection interface.
[0060] In some embodiments, the power module 130 further includes a filter, through which the high-voltage component 120 is connected to the DC-DC converter and the inverter (Power Box). By filtering the voltage, electromagnetic interference is eliminated, improving the safety of system operation.
[0061] Specifically, the filter can be an EMC filter (electromagnetic compatibility filter), such as... Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage DC-DC converter (HVDCDC) in the high-voltage component 120 is connected to the inverter (Power Box) through the first filter and to the DC-DC converter (DCDC) through the second filter.
[0062] This application also provides an electric vehicle, including the high-voltage system of the electric vehicle in the above embodiments.
[0063] The technical features described above can be combined arbitrarily. Although not all possible combinations of these technical features are described, any combination of these technical features should be considered to be covered by this specification, provided that such combination does not contain contradictions.
[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. A high-voltage system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: The high-voltage battery, the motor, and the high-voltage control module located in the integrated area, wherein the high-voltage control module is provided with a unified external battery interface and motor interface; The battery interface is used to connect the high-voltage battery, and the motor interface is used to connect the motor. The high-voltage control module includes an integrated control chip, high-voltage components, and a power module disposed within the integrated area. The high-voltage component connects to the power module, the battery interface, and the integrated control chip. It connects to the high-voltage battery through the battery interface and receives control commands sent by the integrated control chip. The power module connects to the motor interface and the integrated control chip, connects to the motor through the motor interface, and receives control commands sent by the integrated control chip.
2. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated control chip includes a high-voltage component control unit and a power module control unit; The high-voltage component control unit is connected to the high-voltage component, and the power module control unit is connected to the power module.
3. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-voltage component includes a high-voltage DC converter, and also includes at least one of a power distribution unit, a compressor, and a heater; the high-voltage component control unit includes a high-voltage DC converter control unit, and also includes at least one of a power distribution control unit, a compressor control unit, and a heater control unit. The high-voltage DC converter is connected to the battery interface, the power module and the power distribution unit, and is also connected to the high-voltage DC converter control unit; The power distribution unit is connected to the compressor and the heater, and is also connected to the power distribution control unit; The compressor is connected to the compressor control unit, and the heater is connected to the heater control unit.
4. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power module includes a driver board, a DC-DC converter, an on-board charger, and an inverter; the power module control unit includes a DC-DC converter control unit, an on-board charger control unit, and an inverter control unit. The high-voltage component is connected to the DC-DC converter, the inverter, and the on-board charger, and the inverter is connected to the motor interface; the DC-DC converter is connected to the DC-DC converter control unit, and the on-board charger is connected to the on-board charger control unit; the drive board is connected to the inverter and the inverter control unit.
5. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The high-voltage control module is also provided with a charging interface and / or a low-voltage battery connection interface. The on-board charger is connected to the charging interface; The DC-DC converter is connected to the low-voltage battery connection interface, and the low-voltage battery of the electric vehicle is connected through the low-voltage battery connection interface.
6. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power module also includes a filter, through which the high-voltage component is connected to the DC converter and the inverter.
7. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage control module is also equipped with a communication interface; The integrated control chip is connected to the communication interface.
8. The high-voltage system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage control module is also equipped with a motor signal interface; The integrated control chip is connected to the motor signal interface, and the motor detection sensor is connected through the motor signal interface.
9. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The high-voltage system of the electric vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-8.