Biomass gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, and provides a biomass gasification furnace which comprises a furnace body, a first conveyor, a material storage box, a second conveyor, a first sealing assembly and a second sealing assembly, a slag discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag discharging opening is used for discharging slag; the first conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag discharging opening is communicated with the input end of the first conveyor; the material storage box is arranged below the first conveyor and communicates with the output end of the first conveyor, and the first sealing assembly is used for sealing the communicating part of the first conveyor and the material storage box; the second conveyor is arranged below the material storage box, the input end of the second conveyor is communicated with an outlet of the material storage box, the second sealing assembly is arranged at the output end of the second conveyor, and the second sealing assembly is a high-temperature gate valve. The furnace has the effect of improving the sealing performance of the furnace body in the slag discharging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of gasifier technology, and in particular to a biomass gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] In current industrial and residential sectors, many pieces of equipment rely on boilers for operation. Traditional boilers primarily obtain high-temperature heat energy by burning natural gas; however, the cost of natural gas is relatively high, which increases operating costs to some extent. In addition, coal is sometimes used as a heating fuel, but the combustion of coal produces large amounts of toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which seriously fail to meet current stringent environmental protection requirements and put significant pressure on the ecological environment.

[0003] Given the limitations of traditional energy sources in boiler applications, biomass gasifiers have emerged. Through unique gasification technology, biomass gasifiers convert biomass into clean, hot fuel gas, which can be directly supplied to boilers for combustion. This reduces energy costs and effectively minimizes pollutant emissions, aligning with the concept of sustainable development and providing a more environmentally friendly and economical solution for boiler energy supply.

[0004] A biomass gasifier uses oxygen or oxygen-containing compounds from the air as a gasifying agent to convert the combustible portion of biomass fuel into combustible gases (mainly hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane) through a thermochemical reaction at high temperatures. Currently, a biomass gasifier includes a furnace body, an air inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, and a blower. The air inlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the furnace body, the blower is mounted on the air inlet pipe, and the gas outlet pipe is connected to the upper side of the furnace body.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, during furnace operation, biomass pellets begin combustion from the bottom of the furnace, with the flame and combustion reaction gradually spreading upwards to the top. Due to this combustion characteristic, slag is initially produced at the bottom of the furnace. To ensure a continuous and stable production of biomass gas, the slag at the bottom of the furnace needs to be discharged intermittently to create sufficient space within the furnace for replenishing biomass pellets from the top. However, conventional furnaces struggle to maintain effective sealing during combustion operations when slag is being discharged from the bottom. This insufficient sealing prevents complete combustion of the biomass pellets, making it difficult to meet stringent environmental standards and thus requiring improvement. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to improve the sealing of the furnace body and prevent air from entering the furnace body during the slag discharge process, this application provides a biomass gasification furnace.

[0007] The biomass gasification furnace provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A biomass gasification furnace includes a furnace body, a first conveyor, a storage bin, a second conveyor, a first sealing assembly, and a second sealing assembly. The bottom of the furnace body has a slag discharge port for discharging slag. The first conveyor is located at the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag discharge port is connected to the input end of the first conveyor. The storage bin is located below the first conveyor and is connected to the output end of the first conveyor. The second conveyor is located below the storage bin, and the input end of the second conveyor is connected to the outlet of the storage bin.

[0009] The first sealing assembly is used to seal the portion where the first conveyor and the storage bin communicate, and the second sealing assembly is used to seal the portion where the second conveyor communicates with the outside air.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to discharge the slag inside the furnace, the second sealing component is used to isolate the second conveyor from the outside air, and at the same time the sealing effect of the first sealing component is removed, controlling the first conveyor and the storage box to be connected to each other. At this time, the inside of the furnace body and the outside are relatively closed.

[0011] The slag at the bottom of the furnace falls from the slag discharge port into the first conveyor. As the first conveyor moves, the slag falls into the storage bin, which is used for temporary storage. Then, a first sealing component isolates the first conveyor from the storage bin, while the second sealing component is removed from the second conveyor. Under the action of the second conveyor, the slag in the storage bin is discharged to the outside. The entire discharge process ensures the airtightness of the furnace interior, preventing air from entering the furnace.

[0012] Preferably, both the first conveyor and the second conveyor are screw conveyors.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag generated inside the furnace is mostly in block form. In addition to its main conveying function, the screw conveyor can also break up the block slag.

[0014] Preferably, the first sealing assembly includes a sealing shell, a driving member, and an intercepting sealing plate. The sealing shell is located at the communication position between the first conveyor and the storage bin. The intercepting sealing plate is movably disposed within the sealing shell. The driving member is connected to the intercepting sealing plate and is used to control the movement of the intercepting sealing plate. The intercepting sealing plate is used to control the communication between the first conveyor and the storage bin.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first conveyor is conveying materials, the driving component can be operated to control the intercepting sealing plate to move away from the storage box, so that the output end of the first conveyor and the storage box are connected to each other, so that the first conveyor can transfer the slag inside the furnace body into the storage box.

[0016] Preferably, the second sealing component is a high-temperature gate valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of the output end of the second conveyor.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature gate valve is an opening and closing device used for full opening and full closing. When it is necessary to transfer the slag in the storage bin to the outside, the operator can open the high-temperature gate valve to connect the second conveyor with the outside air, and then the slag can be discharged from the output end of the second conveyor.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a cooling assembly for cooling the first conveyor and the storage bin, both of which are double-layered structures.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the extremely high temperature of the slag easily transfers heat to the first conveyor and the storage bin, causing their temperatures to rise. This not only affects the normal operation of the first conveyor but also poses a risk of burns to workers who accidentally touch it. By adding a cooling component, the first conveyor and storage bin can be cooled, reducing the impact of high temperatures on them.

[0020] Preferably, the cooling assembly includes a water tank, a first water inlet pipe, a second water inlet pipe, and a return pipe. The water tank is located on one side of the furnace body and above the first conveyor. The two ends of the first water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank and the first conveyor. The two ends of the second water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank and the storage box. The water in the interlayer of the first conveyor and the water in the interlayer of the storage box expand due to heat and return to the water tank through the return pipe.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooling water in the water tank can flow into the interlayer cavity of the first conveyor through the first water inlet pipe, and into the interlayer cavity of the storage box through the second water inlet pipe; at the same time, the water in the interlayer of the first conveyor and the water in the interlayer of the storage box flow back into the water tank through the return pipe, thereby removing the heat from the first conveyor and the storage box, realizing circulating cooling, and reducing the temperature of the first conveyor and the storage box.

[0022] The reason water can flow back into the tank is mainly due to thermal expansion. Because of water's property of thermal expansion and contraction, when water is heated, its molecules move faster, causing its volume to expand and its pressure to increase, thus propelling the water forward. At the same time, the density of water is related to temperature; generally, cold water is denser than hot water. Therefore, when hot water is heated and expands, its density decreases, and it moves upward; while the relatively denser cold water moves downward, forming a natural cycle.

[0023] Preferably, it also includes a liquid level float ball, and a water inlet is provided on the side wall of the water tank. The liquid level float ball is located inside the water tank and is used to control the liquid level height of the water tank.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the liquid level float moves up and down with the rise and fall of the liquid level. A sensor converts the liquid level changes into an electrical signal, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and alarm of the liquid level. By setting the position of the float, the liquid level can be controlled. When the liquid level in the tank falls below the set height, the control circuit automatically opens the relevant valves to inject cooling water into the inlet to maintain a stable liquid level.

[0025] Preferably, the driving component is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, or electric push rods can all be used to control the linear movement of the intercepting sealing plate.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] (1) By setting up a first conveyor, a storage bin, a second conveyor, a first sealing component, and a second sealing component, when it is necessary to discharge slag from the furnace body, the second sealing component is used to isolate the second conveyor from the outside air, and at the same time the sealing effect of the first sealing component is removed, ensuring that the first conveyor and the storage bin are connected to each other. The slag at the bottom of the furnace body falls into the first conveyor from the slag discharge port. With the conveying action of the first conveyor, the slag moves and falls into the storage bin, which is used for temporary storage of slag. Then, the first sealing component is used to isolate the first conveyor from the storage bin, and at the same time the sealing effect of the second sealing component on the second conveyor is removed. With the conveying action of the second conveyor, the slag in the storage bin can be discharged to the outside. The entire discharge process ensures the airtightness of the furnace body and prevents air from entering the furnace body.

[0029] (2) By setting up a cooling component, the cooling component can cool down the first conveyor and the storage box, reduce the impact of high temperature on the first conveyor and the storage box, and improve production safety.

[0030] (3) By setting a liquid level float, the liquid level float can monitor the liquid level in the water tank in real time, ensuring that the liquid level in the water tank is not lower than the set value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gasifier structure in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing component in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sealing assembly in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling component in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1. Furnace body; 2. First conveyor; 3. Storage bin; 4. Second conveyor; 5. First sealing assembly; 51. Sealing shell; 52. Drive component; 53. Intercepting sealing plate; 6. Second sealing assembly; 61. Baffle; 62. Control rod; 7. Slag discharge port; 8. Cooling assembly; 81. Water tank; 82. First water inlet pipe; 83. Second water inlet pipe; 84. Return pipe; 9. Water inlet; 10. Liquid level float. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. This application can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0038] In the representation of this application, the reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic represented in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics represented may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection; a detachable connection; an integral part; or a mechanical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples shown in this application, as well as the features of those embodiments or examples.

[0042] This application discloses a biomass gasification furnace. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 3 The gasifier includes a furnace body 1, a first conveyor 2, a storage bin 3, a second conveyor 4, a first sealing assembly 5, and a second sealing assembly 6. The furnace body 1 serves as the combustion site for biomass fuel, and a slag discharge port 7 is located at the bottom of the furnace body 1 for discharging slag from the furnace. The first conveyor 2 is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 1 and is arranged horizontally, used for horizontally conveying slag. The storage bin 3 is located below the first conveyor 2, and its upper end is connected to the output end of the first conveyor 2. The second conveyor 4 is installed below the storage bin 3, and its input end is connected to the outlet at the bottom of the storage bin 3. The storage bin 3 is used for temporarily storing slag, and the second conveyor 4 is inclined and used to transport the slag in the storage bin 3 to the outside. The first sealing assembly 5 seals the portion connecting the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3, and the second sealing assembly 6 seals the portion connecting the second conveyor 4 to the outside air. In this embodiment, both the first conveyor 2 and the second conveyor 4 are screw conveyors.

[0043] When it is necessary to discharge the slag inside the furnace body 1, the second sealing component 6 is used to isolate the second conveyor 4 from the outside air, and at the same time the sealing effect of the first sealing component 5 is removed, controlling the first conveyor 2 and the storage box 3 to be connected to each other. At this time, the inside of the furnace body 1 is relatively closed to the outside.

[0044] The slag at the bottom of the furnace body 1 falls from the slag discharge port 7 into the first conveyor 2. As the first conveyor 2 transports the slag, it moves and falls into the storage bin 3, which is used for temporary storage of the slag. Then, the first sealing component 5 isolates the connection between the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3, and at the same time, the sealing effect of the second sealing component 6 on the second conveyor 4 is removed. Under the transport action of the second conveyor 4, the slag in the storage bin 3 is discharged to the outside. The entire discharge process ensures the airtightness of the furnace body 1, preventing air from entering the furnace body 1.

[0045] Specifically, the first sealing assembly 5 includes a sealing shell 51, a driving component 52, and an intercepting sealing plate 53. The sealing shell 51 covers the communication position between the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3. The intercepting sealing plate 53 is movably disposed within the sealing shell 51 and moves horizontally. The driving component 52 is located on one side of the sealing shell 51, connected to the intercepting sealing plate 53, and used to control the movement of the intercepting sealing plate 53. The driving component 52 is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod; in this embodiment, it is a cylinder. The piston rod of the cylinder passes through the sealing shell 51 and is fixedly connected to the intercepting sealing plate 53. When the first conveyor 2 is conveying material, the driving component 52 can be activated to control the intercepting sealing plate 53 to move away from the storage bin 3, so that the output end of the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3 are interconnected, allowing the first conveyor 2 to transfer the slag inside the furnace body 1 into the storage bin 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, the second sealing component 6 is a high-temperature gate valve, which is installed at the output end of the second conveyor 4. The high-temperature gate valve is an opening and closing device used for fully opening and closing; it is existing equipment and can be directly applied to this application. In some embodiments, the second sealing component 6 includes a baffle 61 and a control rod 62. The baffle 61 is rotatably connected to the output end of the second conveyor 4 and is used to control the communication between the second conveyor 4 and the outside air. The control rod 62 is installed on the second conveyor 4 and connected to the baffle 61, and is used to control the rotation of the baffle 61. When it is necessary to transfer the slag in the storage bin 3 to the outside, the operator can use the control rod 62 to control the rotation of the baffle 61, so that the output end of the second conveyor 4 is connected to the outside air, completing the discharge of the slag.

[0047] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 In addition, a cooling assembly 8 is installed on one side of the furnace body 1. The cooling assembly 8 is used to cool the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3. In this embodiment, both the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3 have a double-layer structure. The first conveyor 2 includes a first inner layer and a first outer layer. The first inner layer is connected to the slag discharge port 7 of the furnace body 1, and the slag is conveyed in the first inner layer. The first inner layer is located inside the first outer layer, and a cavity is formed between the first inner layer and the first outer layer. This cavity is used to accommodate cooling water. Similarly, the storage bin 3 includes a second inner layer and a second outer layer. The upper end of the second inner layer is connected to the first inner layer, and the lower end of the second inner layer is connected to the second conveyor 4. The second inner layer is used to store slag. The second inner layer is located inside the second outer layer, and a cavity is also formed between the second inner layer and the second outer layer. This cavity is also used to accommodate cooling water. The cooling assembly 8 can cool the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3, reducing the impact of high temperature on the first conveyor 2 and the storage bin 3.

[0048] The cooling assembly 8 includes a water tank 81, a first water inlet pipe 82, a second water inlet pipe 83, and a return pipe 84. The water tank 81 is located on one side of the furnace body 1 and above the first conveyor 2. The two ends of the first water inlet pipe 82 are connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank 81 and the first conveyor 2, respectively. The two ends of the second water inlet pipe 83 are connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank 81 and the storage tank 3, respectively. Water in the interlayer of the first conveyor 2 and the storage tank 3, under the effect of thermal expansion, both flow back to the water tank 81 through the return pipe 84. Due to the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of water, when water is heated, its molecular motion accelerates, leading to volume expansion and increased pressure, thereby propelling the water forward. To further facilitate water return, a water pump can be added to the return pipe 84 to assist in the water return process.

[0049] Cooling water in water tank 81 flows into the interlayer cavity of the first conveyor 2 through the first inlet pipe 82 and into the interlayer cavity of the storage tank 3 through the second inlet pipe 83; at the same time, the water in the interlayer of the first conveyor 2 and the water in the interlayer of the storage tank 3 flows back into water tank 81 through return pipe 84, thereby removing the heat from the first conveyor 2 and the storage tank 3, realizing circulating cooling, and reducing the temperature of the first conveyor 2 and the storage tank 3.

[0050] A water inlet 9 is also provided on the side wall of the water tank 81, which is used to inject cooling water into the water tank 81. A liquid level float 10 is also installed inside the water tank 81, which is used to control the liquid level height of the water tank 81. The liquid level float 10 moves up and down according to changes in the liquid level, and a sensor accurately converts the dynamic changes in the liquid level into an electrical signal, thereby achieving real-time monitoring and alarm functions for the liquid level. By setting the position of the float, the liquid level height of the water tank 81 can be effectively controlled. When the liquid level in the water tank 81 drops below the set height, the control circuit will automatically activate the relevant valves, allowing external cooling water to enter the water tank 81 through the water inlet 9, thereby maintaining a stable liquid level in the water tank 81.

[0051] The implementation principle of a biomass gasification furnace according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When it is necessary to discharge the slag inside the furnace body 1, the communication path between the second conveyor 4 and the outside air should first be cut off by the second sealing component 6, and at the same time, the sealing function of the first sealing component 5 should be released, thereby controlling the first conveyor 2 to establish a communication state with the storage bin 3. At this stage, the inside of the furnace body 1 is in a relatively closed state with the external environment.

[0052] Slag at the bottom of furnace body 1 falls into the first conveyor 2 through slag discharge port 7. Under the conveying action of the first conveyor 2, the slag continues to move and eventually falls into storage bin 3, which is used for temporary storage of slag. Subsequently, the first sealing component 5 isolates the connection between the first conveyor 2 and storage bin 3, while simultaneously releasing the seal of the second sealing component 6 on the second conveyor 4. Under the conveying power of the second conveyor 4, the slag in storage bin 3 is discharged to the outside. The entire discharge process ensures the airtightness of the interior of furnace body 1, effectively preventing outside air from entering the interior of furnace body 1.

[0053] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification furnace, characterized in that, The furnace includes a furnace body (1), a first conveyor (2), a storage bin (3), a second conveyor (4), a first sealing assembly (5), and a second sealing assembly (6). The bottom of the furnace body (1) is provided with a slag discharge port (7) for discharging slag. The first conveyor (2) is located at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and the slag discharge port (7) is connected to the input end of the first conveyor (2). The storage bin (3) is located below the first conveyor (2) and is connected to the output end of the first conveyor (2). The second conveyor (4) is located below the storage bin (3), and the input end of the second conveyor (4) is connected to the outlet of the storage bin (3). The first sealing assembly (5) is used to seal the part where the first conveyor (2) and the storage box (3) are connected, and the second sealing assembly (6) is used to seal the part where the second conveyor (4) is connected to the outside air.

2. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first conveyor (2) and the second conveyor (4) are screw conveyors.

3. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealing assembly (5) includes a sealing shell (51), a driving member (52), and an intercepting sealing plate (53). The sealing shell (51) is located at the communication position between the first conveyor (2) and the storage bin (3). The intercepting sealing plate (53) is movably located inside the sealing shell (51). The driving member (52) is connected to the intercepting sealing plate (53) and is used to control the movement of the intercepting sealing plate (53). The intercepting sealing plate (53) is used to control the communication between the first conveyor (2) and the storage bin (3).

4. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sealing component (6) is a high-temperature gate valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of the output end of the second conveyor (4).

5. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling assembly (8) for cooling the first conveyor (2) and the storage bin (3), both of which are double-layer structures.

6. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling assembly (8) includes a water tank (81), a first water inlet pipe (82), a second water inlet pipe (83), and a return pipe (84). The water tank (81) is located on one side of the furnace body (1) and above the first conveyor (2). The two ends of the first water inlet pipe (82) are respectively connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank (81) and the first conveyor (2). The two ends of the second water inlet pipe (83) are respectively connected to the interlayer cavity of the water tank (81) and the storage tank (3). The water in the interlayer of the first conveyor (2) and the water in the interlayer of the storage tank (3) are heated and expanded, and then flow back to the water tank (81) through the return pipe (84).

7. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a level float (10), and a water inlet (9) is provided on the side wall of the water tank (81). The level float (10) is located inside the water tank (81) and is used to control the level of the water tank (81).

8. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving component (52) is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod.

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