Super-large-span inhaul cable structure roof

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultra-large span inhaul cable structure roof which comprises an inhaul cable structure roof and a roof supporting frame, the inhaul cable structure roof comprises a plurality of first transverse beams which are arranged in parallel, the first transverse beams and longitudinal beams are arranged in an orthogonal mode, and the two ends of each longitudinal beam are connected with the adjacent first transverse beams respectively. The outer side of the transverse beam on the outermost side is provided with longitudinal beams, the number of the longitudinal beams is the same as that of the inner side of the transverse beam, the roof supporting frame further comprises second transverse beams parallel to the transverse beams, the second transverse beams are in orthogonal connection with the longitudinal beams, and the first transverse beams are matched with the inhaul cables and the supporting rods to form beam string structures; the two ends of the first transverse beam and the two ends of the second transverse beam are hinged to the stand columns or the supporting beams through anchor bolts respectively, and the longitudinal beams arranged on the outer sides of the transverse beams on the outermost sides of the longitudinal beams are hinged to the stand columns or the supporting beams through anchor bolts. The first transverse beam, the second transverse beam and the longitudinal beam form a two-way beam stress system structure, and the two-way beam stress system structure has better bearing capacity compared with a single-beam stress system structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steel structure design, specifically to a super-large span cable-stayed roof structure. Background Technology

[0002] Steel structure technology is widely used in modern architecture. Many large-space venues, such as convention centers, train stations, airports, and stadiums, require extremely large column-free spaces and have very large roof spans. These buildings generally use steel trusses, space frames, and other structures to meet functional requirements. While these structures can achieve large-span structures, the structural components are relatively large, resulting in a heavy and bulky structure that sometimes fails to achieve the desired architectural effect. Furthermore, the deflection under load is difficult to control, making construction complex and time-consuming. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies and, taking into account the characteristics of ultra-large column-free spaces, provide an ultra-large span cable-stayed roof structure. This roof structure utilizes rigid members and flexible cables for its design and construction. By applying pre-tension to the flexible cables in stages, and by generating counter-deflection of the floor slab under appropriate pre-tension, the deflection of the floor slab under normal loads can be reduced. Furthermore, this floor slab structure features a simple system, clearly defined stress distribution, simplified construction conditions, ease of construction, and shorter construction time. It also fully leverages the advantages of both rigid and flexible materials, resulting in significant economic benefits and providing the building with more visual options.

[0004] The above-mentioned objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A super-large span cable-stayed roof structure includes multiple parallel first transverse beams, which are orthogonally arranged with longitudinal beams. The two ends of the longitudinal beams are connected to the adjacent first transverse beams. The outermost first transverse beam has the same number of longitudinal beams as the inner side of the outermost first transverse beam. Cables are installed below the first transverse beams.

[0006] The first transverse beam is hinged to the upper ends of multiple struts, and the lower end of each strut is fixedly connected to the cable below the strut by a clamp. The two ends of the cable are fixed to the two ends of the first transverse beam by cable anchors.

[0007] The longitudinal beam is connected to the adjacent first transverse beam at both ends by a gusset plate system. The gusset plate system includes gusset plates and bolts. The gusset plate includes upper and lower horizontal plates and a vertical plate connecting the upper and lower horizontal plates. The gusset plates are pre-installed on both sides of the first transverse beam. One side of the vertical plate of the gusset plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges of one side of the first transverse beam and is welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web of one side of the first transverse beam, respectively. The upper and lower horizontal plates are welded to the upper and lower parts of the other side of the vertical plate of the gusset plate. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the gusset plate are welded to the upper flange and lower flange of the first transverse beam, respectively. The web of the longitudinal beam end is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the gusset plate and is connected to the vertical plate of the gusset plate by bolts. The upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal beam end are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the gusset plate, respectively.

[0008] It also includes columns, which are multiple and arranged in a square. The square arrangement of columns includes two columns arranged longitudinally and two columns arranged laterally, with adjacent columns in each column connected by support beams.

[0009] When the number of first transverse beams is less than or equal to the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of the first transverse beams are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts; when the number of first transverse beams is greater than the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of some first transverse beams are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts, and the two ends of the remaining first transverse beams are respectively hinged to the support beam through anchor bolts.

[0010] When the number of longitudinal beams set on the outer side of the outermost transverse beam is less than or equal to the number of columns arranged in a single transverse row, one end of the longitudinal beam set on the outer side of the outermost transverse beam is hinged to the corresponding column in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts; when the number of longitudinal beams set on the outer side of the outermost transverse beam is greater than the number of columns arranged in a single transverse row, one end of some longitudinal beams is hinged to the upper end of the corresponding column in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts, and one end of the remaining longitudinal beams is hinged to the support beam through anchor bolts.

[0011] A purlin bracket is provided on the first transverse beam, purlin strips are provided on the purlin brackets, tie rods are provided between adjacent purlins, and roof panels are provided on the purlins.

[0012] It also includes a second transverse beam that is parallel to two adjacent first transverse beams. The second transverse beam contains multiple segmented transverse beams. The two ends of the segmented transverse beams are connected to the adjacent longitudinal beams through a node plate system. The vertical plate of the node plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal beam and is welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web of the longitudinal beam. The upper and lower horizontal plates are welded to the upper and lower parts of the other side of the vertical plate of the node plate. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate are welded to the upper flange and lower flange of the longitudinal beam, respectively. The web of the segmented transverse beam is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and is bolted to the vertical plate of the node plate. The upper and lower flanges of the segmented transverse beam are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate, respectively. The second transverse beam is provided with purlin brackets, purlins are provided on the purlin brackets, tie rods are provided between adjacent purlins, and roof panels are provided on the purlins.

[0013] When the sum of the number of No. 1 transverse beams and the number of No. 2 transverse beams is less than or equal to the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of the No. 2 transverse beams are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts; when the sum of the number of No. 1 transverse beams and the number of No. 2 transverse beams is greater than the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column and the number of No. 1 transverse beams is less than the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of some No. 2 transverse beams are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts, and the two ends of the remaining No. 2 transverse beams are respectively hinged to the support beams through anchor bolts; when the sum of the number of No. 1 transverse beams and the number of No. 2 transverse beams is greater than the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column and the number of No. 1 transverse beams is greater than or equal to the number of columns arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of the No. 2 transverse beams are respectively hinged to the corresponding support beams through anchor bolts.

[0014] The first transverse beam, longitudinal beam, and segmented transverse beam are all I-beams.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The first transverse beam, the longitudinal beam, and the second transverse beam form a two-way beam load-bearing system, which has better load-bearing capacity than the single-beam load-bearing system.

[0017] 2. The No. 1 transverse beam, together with the cables and struts, forms a tensioned beam structure. The cables have high tensile strength. By applying preload to the cables in stages, the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the floor slab are improved. Under appropriate preload, the floor slab generates counter-deflection, which can reduce the deflection of the floor slab under normal load.

[0018] 3. The cable pretension is applied in two stages. The first stage is applied after the No. 1 transverse beam, cables, and struts are assembled into a tensioned beam on the ground scaffold. The second stage is applied after the tensioned beam, as well as all the No. 2 transverse beams and longitudinal beams, are hoisted into place and installed. Following this procedure avoids the need to erect high-altitude scaffolds, simplifying construction and saving time. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a tensioned beam formed by the No. 1 transverse beam, cables, and struts.

[0021] Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of the structure in which the longitudinal beam is connected to the first transverse beam via a gusset plate system.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the connection between the longitudinal beam and the first transverse beam via a gusset plate system.

[0023] Figure 5 A top view schematic diagram of the structure in which the segmented transverse beams are connected to the longitudinal beams via a gusset plate system;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing the connection between a segmented transverse beam and a longitudinal beam via a gusset plate system.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the No. 1 transverse beam and the cable via struts.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the connection between the No. 1 transverse beam and the cable via struts.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the end of the No. 1 transverse beam to the cable via cable anchors.

[0028] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure connecting the column and the first transverse beam via anchor bolts;

[0029] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure connecting the support beam and the first transverse beam via anchor bolts;

[0030] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure connecting the column and the longitudinal beam via anchor bolts;

[0031] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure in which the support beam and the longitudinal beam are connected by anchor bolts;

[0032] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure connecting the column and the second transverse beam via anchor bolts;

[0033] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure connecting the support beam and the second transverse beam via anchor bolts;

[0034] In the diagram: 1-Cable-stayed roof structure, 2-Roof support frame, 11-First transverse beam, 12-Longitudinal beam, 13-Cable, 14-Strut, 15-Purlin, 16-Tie rod, 17-Purlin bracket, 18-Node plate system, 19-Pin, 20-Clamp, 21-Column, 22-Support beam, 23-Anchor bolt, 24-Cable anchor, 25-Second transverse beam, 26-Segmented transverse beam. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To facilitate understanding and implementation of this utility model by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of the utility model is provided in conjunction with implementation examples. It should be understood that the implementation examples described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span includes a cable-stayed roof structure 1 and a roof support frame 2.

[0038] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the cable-stayed roof 1 includes multiple parallel first transverse beams 11. The first transverse beams 11 and longitudinal beams 12 are orthogonally arranged. The two ends of the longitudinal beams 12 are connected to the adjacent first transverse beams 11. The outermost first transverse beam 11 has the same number of longitudinal beams 12 as the inner side of the outermost first transverse beam 11. Cables 13 are installed below the first transverse beams 11. It also includes second transverse beams 25 arranged parallel between two adjacent first transverse beams 11. No cables 13 are installed below the second transverse beams 25. The first transverse beam 11 is a single piece. The second transverse beam 25 includes multiple segmented transverse beams 26. The segmented transverse beams 26 are orthogonally connected to the longitudinal beams 12. The two ends of the segmented transverse beams 26 are connected to the adjacent longitudinal beams 12. The first transverse beams 11, the second transverse beams 25 and the longitudinal beams 12 form a two-way beam load-bearing system, which has better load-bearing capacity than the one-way beam load-bearing system.

[0039] like Figure 2 , 7As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the upper ends of the first transverse beam 11 are hinged to the upper ends of multiple struts 14. The upper ends of each strut 14 are hinged to the first transverse beam 11 via pins 19. The lower ends of the struts 14 are fixedly connected to the cables 13 below the struts 14 via clamps 20. The two ends of the cables 13 are fixed to the two ends of the first transverse beam 11 via cable anchors 24. The first transverse beam 11, the struts 14, and the cables 13 work together to form a tensioned beam. By applying prestress to the cables 13, the first transverse beam 11 generates a counter-deflection, thereby reducing the final deflection of the first transverse beam 11 under load.

[0040] In this embodiment, the segmented transverse beam 26, the first transverse beam 11, and the longitudinal beam 12 are all I-beams. The I-beams include an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web connecting the upper flange and the lower flange.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the two ends of the longitudinal beam 12 are connected to the adjacent first transverse beam 11 through the gusset plate system 18. The gusset plate system 18 includes gusset plates and bolts. The gusset plates include an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate, and a vertical plate connecting the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate (the gusset plate structure is similar to that of an I-beam). The node plate is pre-installed on both sides of the first transverse beam 11. The vertical plate of the node plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges of the first transverse beam 11 and welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web of the first transverse beam 11, respectively. The upper and lower horizontal plates are welded to the upper and lower parts of the other side of the vertical plate of the node plate. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate are welded to the upper flange and lower flange of the first transverse beam 11, respectively. The web of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts. The upper flange and lower flange of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate, respectively. The node plate is welded to both sides of the first transverse beam 11, and the web of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 is connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts, thereby realizing the connection between the end of the longitudinal beam 12 and the first transverse beam 11.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figures 5-6As shown, the two ends of the segmented transverse beam 26 are connected to the adjacent longitudinal beam 12 via a node plate system 18. The vertical plate of the node plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges of one side of the longitudinal beam 12 and is welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web of one side of the longitudinal beam 12, respectively. The upper and lower parts of the other side of the vertical plate of the node plate are welded with upper and lower horizontal plates. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate are welded to the upper flange and lower flange of the longitudinal beam 12, respectively. The web of the end of the segmented transverse beam 26 is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and is bolted to the vertical plate of the node plate. The upper flange and lower flange of the end of the segmented transverse beam 26 are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate, respectively. The node plate is welded to both sides of the longitudinal beam 12, and the web of the end of the segmented transverse beam 26 is bolted to the vertical plate of the node plate, thereby realizing the connection between the end of the segmented transverse beam 26 and the longitudinal beam 12.

[0043] As described above, the node plates are welded onto the first transverse beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12, respectively. The first transverse beam 11, the segmented transverse beam 26, and the longitudinal beam 12 are installed in the order required by the design. This case does not require the erection of high-altitude scaffolding. First, after the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 form a tensioned beam, the tensioned beam is tensioned on a ground-based formwork. The tensioned beam has sufficient rigidity and must be installed first. After the installation of two adjacent tensioned beams, the longitudinal beam 12 is installed next. After the longitudinal beam 12 is connected and installed to the first transverse beam 11, the first transverse beam 11 has reliable out-of-plane support, forming a stable and reliable structural system with the longitudinal beam 12. After all the first transverse beams 11 and longitudinal beams 12 are installed, the second transverse beam 25 is installed. (The second transverse beam 25 consists of multiple segmented transverse beams 26; in fact, it involves installing segmented transverse beams 26.) The second transverse beam 25 is divided into multiple segments with spans equal to the spacing of the longitudinal beams 12. This avoids an excessively large span for the second transverse beam 25, thus preventing excessive and difficult-to-control deflection during construction. Installing the first transverse beam 11, longitudinal beam 12, and second transverse beam 25 in this required sequence can effectively reduce deflection during construction.

[0044] Purlin supports 17 are provided on the first transverse beam 11 and the second transverse beam 25. Purlins 15 are provided on the purlin supports 17. Tie rods 16 are provided between adjacent purlins 15. A roof is provided on the purlins 15.

[0045] The roof support frame 2 includes columns 21 and support beams 22. There are multiple columns 21 arranged in a square pattern. The multiple columns 21 arranged in a square pattern include two rows of columns arranged longitudinally and two rows of columns arranged laterally. Adjacent columns 21 in each row are connected by support beams 22.

[0046] like Figure 1 ,10 As shown in Figure 15, when the sum of the number of first transverse beams 11 and the number of second transverse beams 25 is less than or equal to the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal row, both ends of the first transverse beam 11 and both ends of the second transverse beam 25 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns 21 in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts 23.

[0047] When the sum of the number of first transverse beams 11 and the number of second transverse beams 25 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal row, and when the number of first transverse beams 11 is less than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of the first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns 21 in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts 23. The two ends of part of the second transverse beams 25 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns 21 in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts 23. The two ends of the remaining second transverse beams 25 are respectively hinged to the support beams 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0048] When the sum of the number of first transverse beams 11 and the number of second transverse beams 25 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal row, and when the number of first transverse beams 11 is equal to the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of the first transverse beam 11 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns 21 in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts 23, and the two ends of the second transverse beam 25 are respectively hinged to the support beam 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0049] When the sum of the number of first transverse beams 11 and the number of second transverse beams 25 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal column, and when the number of first transverse beams 11 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal column, the positions of the two ends of some first transverse beams 11 are aligned with the positions of the two corresponding columns 21 in the two longitudinal columns. The two ends of the first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns 21 in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts 23. The two ends of the remaining first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the support beams 22 through anchor bolts 23. Since the second transverse beams 25 are installed behind the first transverse beams 11, the two ends of the second transverse beams 25 are respectively hinged to the support beams 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0050] When the number of longitudinal beams 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is less than or equal to the number of columns 21 arranged in a single transverse row, one end of the longitudinal beam 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is hinged to the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts 23; when the number of longitudinal beams 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single transverse row, one end of some longitudinal beams 12 is aligned with the position of the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement, one end of the longitudinal beam 12 is hinged to the upper end of the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts 23, and one end of the remaining longitudinal beams 12 is hinged to the corresponding support beam 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0051] The installation of this utility model shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Based on the boundary conditions and load conditions of the actual project roof support frame 2, perform stress analysis calculations and component design verification for the large-span cable-stayed roof structure 1. Determine the cross-sectional shape and size of each member of the cable-stayed roof structure 1 (including the first transverse beam 11, longitudinal beam 12, and strut 14), and determine the preload of the cable 13. According to the load requirements, confirm that part of the first transverse beam 11 needs to cooperate with the cable 13 and strut 14 to form a tensioned beam.

[0053] Step 2: Fabricate all members as designed in the factory. Stiffening plates, gusset plate system 18, and purlin brackets 17 must be fabricated and welded in place in the factory. Stiffening plates are welded to the first transverse beam 11, longitudinal beam 12, and segmented transverse beam 26. Purlin brackets 17 are welded to the first transverse beam 11 and segmented transverse beam 26. The gusset plates used to connect the longitudinal beam 12 to the first transverse beam 11 should be pre-welded to both sides of the first transverse beam 11 according to the design position. The gusset plates used to connect the segmented transverse beam 26 to the longitudinal beam 12 should be pre-welded to both sides of the longitudinal beam 12 according to the design position (this longitudinal beam 12 is connected to both the segmented transverse beam 26 and the first transverse beam 11, therefore gusset plates are set on both sides of this longitudinal beam 12, and through holes are set at both ends of the web).

[0054] The end of the longitudinal beam 12 connected to the first transverse beam 11 is machined according to design requirements, removing a certain length of the upper and lower flange plates to expose the web plate at the end. A through hole for the bolt shank is provided on the web plate. The end of the segmented transverse beam 26 connected to the longitudinal beam 12 is machined according to design requirements, removing a certain length of the upper and lower flange plates to expose the web plate at the end. A through hole for the bolt shank is provided on the web plate. (The longitudinal beam 12, which is positioned outside the outermost first transverse beam 11, is connected to the first transverse beam 11 at only one end, and to the column 21 or support beam 22 at the other end. The end of the longitudinal beam 12 connected to the column 21 or support beam 22 must be machined according to the requirements for connection to the column 21 or support beam 22).

[0055] Step 3: Transport all the prefabricated components from the factory to the construction site. Erect a jig on the ground at the construction site for assembling the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14.

[0056] Step 4: Assemble the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 on the prefabricated frame on the ground. This assembly forms a tensioned beam. The upper end of strut 14 is hinged to the first transverse beam 11 via pin 19, and the lower end of strut 14 is connected to the cable 13 below it via clamp 20. Both ends of the cable 13 are anchored to the two ends of the first transverse beam 11 via cable anchors 24.

[0057] Step 5: Perform the first tensioning on cable 13 in the tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14. The tension force is approximately 10% of the final tension of the cable (this force varies depending on the actual situation). This pre-tensioning gives the tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 a certain stiffness and strength, enabling it to be hoisted as a whole and withstand a certain load. The tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 needs to undergo pre-tensioning and hoisting verification calculations. Pre-tensioning and hoisting can only proceed after the calculation requirements are met.

[0058] Step 6: The tensioned beam, assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13 and strut 14, is hoisted onto the roof support frame 2 for installation. The two ends of the first transverse beam 11 in the tensioned beam are connected to the columns 21 or support beams 22 in the roof support frame 2 by anchor bolts 23.

[0059] Step 7: Hoist the longitudinal beam 12, which is connected to the first transverse beam 11, into place. After placement, first pass the bolts through the bolt holes pre-drilled in the vertical plate of the node plate and the web of the longitudinal beam 12, and tighten the bolts with nuts to temporarily fix the longitudinal beam 12 to the first transverse beam 11. Finally, weld the upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal beam 12 to the horizontal plate pre-welded to the node plate of the first transverse beam 11 according to the design requirements.

[0060] Step 8: Hoist the segmented transverse beam 26 into place. After positioning, first pass the bolts through the through holes previously opened in the vertical plate of the node plate and the web plate of the segmented transverse beam 26, and tighten the bolts with nuts. Temporarily fix the segmented transverse beam 26 to the longitudinal beam 12. Finally, weld the upper and lower flanges of the segmented transverse beam 26 to the horizontal plate previously welded to the node plate of the longitudinal beam 12 according to the design requirements. After the segmented transverse beam 26 is connected to the longitudinal beam 12, the second transverse beam 25 is assembled.

[0061] Step 9: Connect both ends of the second transverse beam 25 to the column 21 or support beam 22 in the roof support frame 2 via anchor bolts 23.

[0062] Step 10: Connect one end of the longitudinal beam 12, which is connected to the outermost first transverse beam 11, to the column 21 or support beam 22 in the cover support boundary 2 via anchor bolts 23.

[0063] Step 11: Install the purlin 15 onto the purlin bracket 17, and then install the tie rod 16 between adjacent purlins 15.

[0064] Step 12: After the previous steps, the tensioned beam consisting of the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14, the second transverse beam 25, the longitudinal beam 12, the purlin 15, and the tie rod 16 have formed the main cable-stayed roof structure 1. The cable 13 is then tensioned a second time, with the tension force approximately 20% to 30% of the final cable tension (this tension varies depending on the specific circumstances). This pre-tensioning increases the out-of-plane stiffness of the cable-stayed roof structure 1, and simultaneously, the cable-stayed roof structure 1 exhibits a certain degree and appropriate amount of camber under the pre-tension.

[0065] Step 13, Install the roof panels. Once the roof panels are installed, the installation of this utility model is complete.

[0066] Following this procedure can avoid erecting high-altitude scaffolding, simplifying construction, saving time, and reducing roof deflection under normal loads.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span includes a cable-stayed roof structure 1 and a roof support frame 2. In this embodiment, a second transverse beam is not provided.

[0069] The cable-stayed roof 1 includes multiple parallel first transverse beams 11. The first transverse beams 11 and longitudinal beams 12 are orthogonally arranged. The two ends of the longitudinal beams 12 are connected to the adjacent first transverse beams 11. The outermost first transverse beam 11 is provided with the same number of longitudinal beams 12 inside the outermost first transverse beam 11. Cables 13 are provided below each first transverse beam 11.

[0070] The first transverse beam 11 is hinged to the upper ends of multiple struts 14. The upper ends of each strut 14 are hinged to the first transverse beam 11 via pins 19. The lower ends of the struts 14 are fixedly connected to the cables 13 below the struts 14 via clamps 20. The two ends of the cables 13 are fixed to the two ends of the first transverse beam 11 via cable anchors 24.

[0071] In this embodiment, both the first transverse beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12 are I-beams, and the I-beams include an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web connecting the upper and lower flanges.

[0072] like Figures 3-4As shown, the two ends of the longitudinal beam 12 are connected to the adjacent first transverse beam 11 through the gusset plate system 18. The gusset plate system 18 includes gusset plates and bolts. The gusset plates include an upper horizontal plate, a lower horizontal plate, and a vertical plate connecting the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate (the gusset plate structure is similar to that of an I-beam). The node plate is pre-installed on both sides of the first transverse beam 11. The vertical plate of the node plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges of the first transverse beam 11 and welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web of the first transverse beam 11, respectively. The upper and lower horizontal plates are welded to the upper and lower parts of the other side of the vertical plate of the node plate. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate are welded to the upper flange and lower flange of the first transverse beam 11, respectively. The web of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts. The upper flange and lower flange of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate, respectively. The node plate is welded to both sides of the first transverse beam 11, and the web of the end of the longitudinal beam 12 is connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts, thereby realizing the connection between the end of the longitudinal beam 12 and the first transverse beam 11.

[0073] A purlin support 17 is provided on the first transverse beam 11, a purlin strip 15 is provided on the purlin support 17, a tie rod 16 is provided between adjacent purlin strips 15, and a roof is provided on the purlin strip 15.

[0074] The roof support frame 2 includes columns 21 and support beams 22. There are multiple columns 21 arranged in a square pattern. The multiple columns 21 arranged in a square pattern include two rows of columns arranged longitudinally and two rows of columns arranged laterally. Adjacent columns 21 in each row are connected by support beams 22.

[0075] When the number of first transverse beams 11 is less than or equal to the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal column, the two ends of the first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns 21 in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts 23; when the number of first transverse beams 11 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single longitudinal column, the positions of the two ends of some first transverse beams 11 are aligned with the positions of the corresponding two columns 21 in the two longitudinal columns, the two ends of the first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns 21 in the two longitudinal columns through anchor bolts 23, and the two ends of the remaining first transverse beams 11 are respectively hinged to the support beams 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0076] When the number of longitudinal beams 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is less than or equal to the number of columns 21 arranged in a single transverse row, one end of the longitudinal beam 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is hinged to the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts 23; when the number of longitudinal beams 12 set on the outermost first transverse beam 11 is greater than the number of columns 21 arranged in a single transverse row, the position of one end of some longitudinal beams 12 is aligned with the position of the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement, one end of the longitudinal beam 12 is hinged to the upper end of the corresponding column 21 in the transverse arrangement through anchor bolts 23, and one end of the remaining longitudinal beams 12 is hinged to the support beam 22 through anchor bolts 23.

[0077] The installation of this utility model shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Based on the boundary conditions and load conditions of the actual project's roof support frame, perform stress analysis calculations and component design verification for the large-span cable-stayed roof structure 1. Determine the cross-sectional shape and size of each member of the cable-stayed roof structure 1 (including the first transverse beam 11, longitudinal beam 12, and strut 14), and determine the preload of the cable 13. According to the load requirements, confirm that all first transverse beams 11 need to cooperate with the cable 13 and strut 14 to form a tensioned beam.

[0079] Step 2: The members specified in the design are fabricated in the factory. The stiffening plates, node plate system 18, and purlin brackets 17 are all fabricated and welded in place in the factory. The stiffening plates are welded to the first transverse beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12, and the purlin brackets 17 are welded to the first transverse beam 11. Node plates are pre-welded to both sides of the first transverse beam 11, and through holes are pre-drilled on the web of the longitudinal beam 12.

[0080] Step 3: Transport all the prefabricated components from the factory to the construction site. Erect a jig on the ground at the construction site for assembling the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14.

[0081] Step 4: Assemble the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 on the prefabricated frame on the ground. The first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 are assembled into a tensioned beam. The strut 14 is hinged to the first transverse beam 11 via pin 19, and connected to the cable 13 via clamp 20. Both ends of the cable 13 are anchored at both ends of the first transverse beam 11 via cable anchors 24.

[0082] Step 5: Perform the first tensioning on cable 13 in the tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14. The tension force is approximately 10% of the final tension of the cable (this force varies depending on the actual situation). This pre-tensioning gives the tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 a certain stiffness and strength, enabling it to be hoisted as a whole and withstand a certain load. The tensioned beam assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13, and strut 14 needs to undergo pre-tensioning and hoisting verification calculations. Pre-tensioning and hoisting can only proceed after the calculation requirements are met.

[0083] Step 6: The tensioned beam, assembled from the first transverse beam 11, cable 13 and strut 14, is hoisted onto the roof support frame 2 for installation. According to the design requirements, the two ends of the first transverse beam 11 in the tensioned beam are connected to the columns 21 or support beams 22 in the roof support frame 2 using anchor bolts 23.

[0084] Step 7: Hoist the longitudinal beam 12 into place, pass the bolts through the through holes on the node plate and the through holes on the web of the longitudinal beam, and then tighten the bolts to temporarily fix the node plate to the longitudinal beam 12. Finally, weld the upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal beam 12 to the node plate that was previously welded to the first transverse beam 11 according to the design requirements.

[0085] Step 8: Connect one end of the longitudinal beam 12, which is connected to the outermost first transverse beam 11, to the column 21 or support beam 22 in the cover support boundary 2 through anchor bolts 23.

[0086] Step 9: Install the purlin 15 onto the purlin bracket 17, and then install the tie rod 15 between adjacent purlins 15.

[0087] Step 10: After the previous steps, the first transverse beam 11, longitudinal beam 12, cable 13, strut 14, purlins 15, and tie rods 16 have formed the main cable-stayed roof structure 1. The cable 13 is then tensioned a second time, with the tension force approximately 20% to 30% of the final cable tension (this force varies depending on the specific circumstances). This pre-tensioning increases the out-of-plane stiffness of the cable-stayed roof structure 1, and simultaneously, under the pre-tension, the cable-stayed roof structure 1 exhibits a certain degree and appropriate amount of arching.

[0088] Step 11, Install the roof panels. Once the roof panels are installed, the installation of this utility model is complete.

[0089] Following this procedure can avoid erecting high-altitude scaffolding, simplifying construction, saving time, and reducing roof deflection under normal loads.

[0090] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A super-large span cable-stayed roof structure, comprising multiple parallel first transverse beams (11), characterized in that, The first transverse beam (11) and the longitudinal beam (12) are orthogonally arranged. The two ends of the longitudinal beam (12) are connected to the adjacent first transverse beam (11). The outermost first transverse beam (11) has the same number of longitudinal beams (12) as the inner side of the outermost first transverse beam (11). The first transverse beam (11) is provided with a cable (13) below it.

2. The ultra-large span cable-stayed roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transverse beam (11) is hinged to the upper end of multiple struts (14). The lower end of each strut (14) is fixedly connected to the cable (13) below the strut (14) by a clamp (20). The two ends of the cable (13) are fixed to the two ends of the first transverse beam (11) by cable anchors (24).

3. The ultra-large span cable-stayed roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal beam (12) is connected to the adjacent first transverse beam (11) at both ends by a gusset plate system (18). The gusset plate system (18) includes gusset plates and bolts. The gusset plates include upper and lower horizontal plates and a vertical plate connecting the upper and lower horizontal plates. The gusset plates are pre-set on both sides of the first transverse beam (11). One side of the vertical plate of the gusset plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges on one side of the first transverse beam (11) and is respectively connected to the upper and lower flanges on one side of the first transverse beam (11). The plate and web are welded together. On the other side of the vertical plate of the node plate, the upper and lower parts are welded with upper and lower horizontal plates. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate are welded to the upper and lower flanges of the first transverse beam (11) respectively. The web of the end of the longitudinal beam (12) is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and is connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts. The upper and lower flanges of the end of the longitudinal beam (12) are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate respectively.

4. The ultra-large span cable-stayed roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes columns (21), there are multiple columns (21) arranged in a square, the square arrangement of columns (21) includes two columns arranged longitudinally and two columns arranged laterally, and adjacent columns (21) in each column are connected by support beams (22).

5. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the number of the first transverse beams (11) is less than or equal to the number of the columns (21) arranged in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of the first transverse beams (11) are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns (21) in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts (23); when the number of the first transverse beams (11) is greater than the number of the columns (21) arranged in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of some of the first transverse beams (11) are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns (21) in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts (23), and the two ends of the remaining first transverse beams (11) are respectively hinged to the support beams (22) through anchor bolts (23).

6. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the number of longitudinal beams (12) set on the outer side of the outermost first transverse beam (11) is less than or equal to the number of columns (21) arranged in a single transverse row, one end of the longitudinal beam (12) set on the outer side of the outermost first transverse beam (11) is hinged to the corresponding column (21) in the transverse arrangement by anchor bolts (23); when the number of longitudinal beams (12) set on the outer side of the outermost first transverse beam (11) is greater than the number of columns (21) arranged in a single transverse row, one end of some longitudinal beams (12) is hinged to the upper end of the corresponding column (21) in the transverse arrangement by anchor bolts (23), and one end of the remaining longitudinal beams (12) is hinged to the support beam (22) by anchor bolts (23).

7. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A purlin bracket (17) is provided on the first transverse beam (11), a purlin strip (15) is provided on the purlin bracket (17), a tie rod (16) is provided between adjacent purlin strips (15), and a roof panel is provided on the purlin strip (15).

8. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a second transverse beam (25) arranged parallel between two adjacent first transverse beams (11). The second transverse beam (25) contains multiple segmented transverse beams (26). The two ends of the segmented transverse beams (26) are respectively connected to the adjacent longitudinal beams (12) through a gusset plate system (18). The vertical plate of the gusset plate is inserted between the upper and lower flanges on one side of the longitudinal beam (12) and is welded to the upper flange, lower flange, and web on one side of the longitudinal beam (12) respectively. The upper and lower parts of the vertical plate of the gusset plate are welded to the upper and lower parts of the other side. The upper and lower horizontal plates of the plate are welded to the upper and lower flanges of the longitudinal beam (12), respectively. The web of the end of the segmented transverse beam (26) is inserted between the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate and is connected to the vertical plate of the node plate by bolts. The upper and lower flanges of the end of the segmented transverse beam (26) are welded to the upper and lower horizontal plates of the node plate, respectively. A purlin bracket (17) is provided on the second transverse beam (25). A purlin strip (15) is provided on the purlin bracket (17). A tie rod (16) is provided between adjacent purlin strips (15). A roof panel is provided on the purlin strip (15).

9. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the sum of the number of first transverse beams (11) and the number of second transverse beams (25) is less than or equal to the number of columns (21) arranged in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of the second transverse beams (25) are respectively hinged to the upper ends of the two corresponding columns (21) in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts (23); when the sum of the number of first transverse beams (11) and the number of second transverse beams (25) is greater than the number of columns (21) arranged in a single longitudinal row and the number of first transverse beams (11) is less than the number of columns (21) arranged in a single longitudinal row, part of the second transverse beams (25) Both ends are hinged to the upper ends of the corresponding two columns (21) in the two longitudinal rows through anchor bolts (23), and the two ends of the remaining second transverse beam (25) are hinged to the support beam (22) through anchor bolts (23); when the sum of the number of first transverse beams (11) and the number of second transverse beams (25) is greater than the number of columns (21) in a single longitudinal row and the number of first transverse beams (11) is greater than or equal to the number of columns (21) in a single longitudinal row, the two ends of the second transverse beam (25) are hinged to the corresponding support beam (22) through anchor bolts (23).

10. A cable-stayed roof structure with an ultra-large span according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first transverse beam (11), the longitudinal beam (12), and the segmented transverse beam (26) are all I-beams.

Images