Furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of pit furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of heat treatment, and discloses a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace, which comprises the pit furnace, the pit furnace comprises a furnace body, a furnace cover and a muffle tank, the muffle tank is mounted on the furnace body, the furnace cover is used for sealing the muffle tank, the opening and closing mechanism further comprises an opening and closing component, and the opening and closing component comprises a lifting rotating part and a locking part. The lifting rotating part is used for controlling the furnace cover to lift and rotate; and the locking part is used for pressing the furnace cover on the muffle tank. According to the utility model, the wedge block is matched with the extrusion shaft, so that the furnace cover has good sealing performance when the muffle tank is sealed, and the condition of air leakage is prevented; meanwhile, original opening and closing actions of the furnace cover are not affected, the overall structure is simple, implementation is convenient, and application and popularization are facilitated; the lifting rotating part is arranged, and the stroke is more accurate through hydraulic control; meanwhile, the furnace cover can be moved out of the axis of the furnace body through the rotating function, that is, the furnace cover does not interfere with workpiece carrying in the muffle tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat treatment technology, specifically, to a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism for a pit furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Pit furnaces are a common type of metallurgical furnace, widely used in the smelting and processing of metals such as cast iron and steel. Their technological background dates back to the Industrial Revolution. With the continuous development of metallurgical technology and the increasing demands of production processes, traditional smelting methods could no longer meet the requirements for high efficiency and energy conservation. Pit furnaces emerged to increase furnace temperature, accelerate smelting speed, and achieve efficient energy utilization.

[0003] A muffle furnace is a high-temperature furnace primarily used for processes such as sintering, annealing, and atmosphere heat treatment of materials. It is typically made of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials, providing a stable heating process even at high temperatures. A key characteristic of muffle furnaces is their excellent sealing performance, which allows for control of the furnace atmosphere and prevents interference from external gases during the heating process.

[0004] These two methods are often used together. The muffle pot is placed in a pit furnace, and the pit furnace heats the muffle pot to achieve heat treatment of the workpiece inside. However, existing pit furnace lids lack a quick-locking mechanism when closed, resulting in poor sealing or requiring a significant amount of time to seal, leading to low efficiency. Furthermore, the position of some lids can hinder the loading and unloading of the muffle pot, making the overall operation inconvenient and reducing processing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism for a pit furnace, which solves the problems of poor sealing performance or long time required to close the furnace cover in existing pit furnaces; and the influence of the furnace cover position on the handling of workpieces.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism for a pit furnace, comprising a pit furnace, a furnace body, a furnace cover, and a muffle can, wherein the muffle can is installed on the furnace body, and the furnace cover is used to close the muffle can. It also includes an opening and closing assembly, comprising a lifting and rotating part and a locking part. The lifting and rotating part is used to control the lifting and rotating of the furnace cover; the locking part is used to press the furnace cover onto the muffle can; the locking part includes an opening and closing ring, on which multiple extrusion shafts are radially mounted, and multiple wedges are mounted on the furnace cover, each wedge having an inclined surface. When the opening and closing ring is rotated, the extrusion shafts extrude the inclined surfaces of the wedges, causing the furnace cover to tightly press against the muffle can, thus completing the closure.

[0007] To better realize this utility model, further, multiple auxiliary rods are installed radially on the opening and closing ring, and pulleys are installed at the ends of the auxiliary rods. The pulleys are used to support and limit the furnace cover.

[0008] To better realize this utility model, the furnace body is further hinged with an opening and closing cylinder, and the opening and closing cylinder is hinged to the opening and closing ring.

[0009] To better realize this utility model, the locking part further includes an opening and closing frame, on which a connecting shaft and a connecting rod are installed, and the connecting rod is installed on the furnace cover.

[0010] To better realize this utility model, a guide rod is further installed on the furnace body, and the guide rod cooperates with the furnace cover.

[0011] To better realize this utility model, the lifting and rotating part further includes a hydraulic system and a mounting base. The hydraulic system is mounted on the mounting base, and a hydraulic cylinder bracket and a mounting frame are mounted on the mounting base. A rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the hydraulic cylinder bracket, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder and a drive shaft bracket are mounted on the mounting frame. A drive shaft and a rotating shaft sleeve are mounted on the drive shaft bracket. The drive shaft and the rotating shaft sleeve are slidably connected. The rotating hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the rotating shaft sleeve, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the drive shaft.

[0012] To better realize this utility model, a fire cut-off plate is further installed on the drive shaft, and two limit switches are provided on the mounting bracket, with the stroke of the drive shaft matching the distance between the two limit switches.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) By setting a wedge block to cooperate with the extrusion shaft, the furnace cover has good sealing performance when closing the furnace body, preventing air leakage; at the same time, it does not affect the original opening and closing action of the furnace cover. The overall structure is simple, easy to implement, and easy to promote and use.

[0015] (2) By setting up a lifting and rotating part, the stroke is more precise through hydraulic control; at the same time, the rotation function can move the furnace cover outside the axis of the shell, that is, the furnace cover will not interfere with the handling of workpieces in the furnace body. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a pit furnace.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting and rotating part.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the locking part.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge block and extrusion shaft structure.

[0021] Wherein: 1- Pit furnace; 2- Opening and closing assembly; 101- Furnace body; 102- Furnace cover; 103- Muffle can; 21- Lifting and rotating part; 22- Locking part; 210- Drive shaft bracket; 211- Hydraulic system; 212- Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 213- Rotating hydraulic cylinder; 214- Hydraulic cylinder bracket; 215- Mounting seat; 216- Fire shut-off plate; 217- Drive shaft; 218- Mounting bracket; 219- Rotating shaft sleeve; 220- Opening and closing frame; 221- Connecting shaft; 222- Opening and closing ring; 223- Connecting rod; 224- Handrail frame; 225- Guide rod; 226- Opening and closing cylinder; 227- Wedge block; 228- Auxiliary rod; 229- Extrusion shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] This embodiment provides a furnace cover opening and closing mechanism for a pit-type furnace, specifically as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the furnace includes a pit furnace 1, which includes a furnace body 101, a furnace cover 102, and a muffle tank 103. The muffle tank 103 is installed on the furnace body 101, and the furnace cover 102 is used to close the muffle tank 103. The furnace also includes an opening and closing assembly 2, which includes a lifting and rotating part 21 and a locking part 22. The lifting and rotating part 21 is used to control the lifting and rotating of the furnace cover 102; the locking part 22 is used to press the furnace cover 102 onto the muffle tank 103.

[0026] The locking part 22 includes an opening and closing ring 222, on which a plurality of extrusion shafts 229 are installed radially, and a plurality of wedges 227 are installed on the furnace cover 102, with inclined surfaces provided on the wedges 227.

[0027] When the lifting and rotating part 21 places the furnace cover 102 at the port of the muffle tank 103, the opening and closing ring 222 is rotated. The opening and closing ring 222 drives the extrusion shaft 229 to rotate. After the extrusion shaft 229 rotates, it will start to extrude the inclined surface of the wedge block 227, so that the furnace cover 102 is tightly pressed against the muffle tank 103, completing the sealing. When it is necessary to open, the opening and closing ring 222 is rotated in the opposite direction, so that the extrusion shaft 229 no longer extrudes the wedge block 227, and at the same time, the extrusion shaft 229 is no longer above the wedge block 227. This makes way for the opening of the furnace cover 102 and prevents the extrusion shaft 229 from interfering with the displacement of the wedge block 227.

[0028] The above-mentioned design ensures that the furnace cover 102 has good sealing performance when closing the muffle tank 103, preventing air leakage. At the same time, it does not affect the original opening and closing action of the furnace cover 102. The overall structure is simple, easy to implement, and convenient to promote and use.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] This embodiment further extends the above embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of auxiliary rods 228 are radially mounted on the opening and closing ring 222, and pulleys are mounted at the ends of the auxiliary rods 228. The pulleys are used to support and limit the furnace cover 102.

[0031] The auxiliary rod 228 has elastic extension and retraction capabilities. When the furnace cover 102 is pressed on the muffle tank 103, the pulleys on the multiple auxiliary rods 228 press against the furnace cover 102 to provide auxiliary correction to the furnace cover 102.

[0032] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0033] Example 3:

[0034] This embodiment further extends the above embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 4As shown, an opening and closing cylinder 226 is hinged to the furnace body 101, and the opening and closing cylinder 226 is hinged to the opening and closing ring 222.

[0035] When the opening and closing ring 222 needs to be rotated, the opening and closing cylinder 226 is activated to extend and retract it. The rotation angle of the opening and closing ring 222 is controlled by precisely controlling the extension and retraction of the opening and closing cylinder 226, thereby better controlling the pressure of the extrusion shaft 229 on the wedge block 227.

[0036] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0037] Example 4:

[0038] This embodiment further extends the above embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the locking part 22 also includes an opening and closing frame 220, on which a connecting shaft 221 is installed and a connecting rod 223 is sleeved. The connecting rod 223 is installed on the furnace cover 102.

[0039] The lifting and rotating part 21 is connected to the connecting shaft 221, and the opening and closing frame 220 is controlled by the connecting shaft 221. The handrail 224 provides a support position for workers to climb and perform maintenance. The connecting rod 223 is sleeved on the opening and closing frame 220. When the opening and closing frame 220 rises, it first slides relative to the connecting rod 223, and then the connecting rod 223 locks the opening and closing frame 220. At this time, the opening and closing frame 220 drives the connecting rod 223 and the furnace cover 102 to rise synchronously. The same applies when the opening and closing frame 220 descends. After the furnace cover 102 is placed on the muffle tank 103, the opening and closing frame 220 continues to descend. At this time, the connecting rod 223 slides relative to the opening and closing frame 220. Then the pressing shaft 229 presses down the wedge block 227, so the connecting rod 223 can still slide relative to the opening and closing frame 220. When the extrusion shaft 229 presses down on the wedge block 227, the lifting and rotating part 21 has stopped moving as a whole. Through the movable connection between the opening and closing frame 220 and the connecting rod 223, it can effectively prevent the extrusion shaft 229 from deforming due to large stress between the connecting rod 223 and the opening and closing frame 220 during operation.

[0040] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0041] Example 5:

[0042] This embodiment further extends the above embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a guide rod 225 is installed on the furnace body 101, and the guide rod 225 cooperates with the furnace cover 102.

[0043] When the lifting and rotating part 21 drives the furnace cover 102 to descend, the guide rod 225 will be inserted into the through hole on the furnace cover 102 to achieve the initial limiting and guiding effect of the furnace cover 102 and prevent the furnace cover 102 from being misaligned with the muffle tank 103.

[0044] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0045] Example 6:

[0046] This embodiment further expands upon the above embodiment by extending the lifting and rotating part 21, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the lifting and rotating part 21 includes a hydraulic system 211 and a mounting base 215. The hydraulic system 211 is mounted on the mounting base 215. A hydraulic cylinder bracket 214 and a mounting frame 218 are mounted on the mounting base 215. A rotating hydraulic cylinder 213 is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder bracket 214. A lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 and a drive shaft bracket 210 are mounted on the mounting frame 218. A rotating shaft sleeve 219 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft bracket 210, and a drive shaft 217 is sleeved on it. The drive shaft 217 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft sleeve 219. The rotating hydraulic cylinder 213 is hinged to the rotating shaft sleeve 219. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 is connected to the drive shaft 217. The hydraulic system 211 is a commercially available device, and its specific working principle will not be described in detail here, but will be easily understood by those skilled in the art.

[0047] When the locking part 22 needs to be raised, the hydraulic system 211 starts working, driving the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 to extend through the hydraulic lines. At this time, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 pushes the drive shaft 217 to move upward, and the drive shaft 217 in turn pushes the connecting shaft 221 connected to it to move. When the hydraulic system 211 drives the rotating hydraulic cylinder 213 to extend through the hydraulic lines, the rotating hydraulic cylinder 213 pushes the rotating sleeve 219 to rotate on the drive shaft bracket 210. The rotation of the rotating sleeve 219 will drive the drive shaft 217 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the locking part... 22 rotates synchronously to realize the revolution movement of the furnace cover 102. At this time, the center of the furnace cover 102 is not on the axis of the furnace body 101, that is, the furnace cover 102 will not interfere with the handling of the workpiece in the muffle tank 103, making the handling operation more convenient. When it is necessary to close the muffle tank 103, the rotating hydraulic cylinder 213 is first retracted. Even if the drive shaft 217 reverses, the furnace cover 102 revolves in the opposite direction to reset. Then the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 begins to retract, so that the furnace cover 102 begins to approach the muffle tank 103 until it is in contact.

[0048] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0049] Example 7:

[0050] This embodiment further extends the above embodiment, specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown, a fire cut-off plate 216 is mounted on the drive shaft 217, and two limit switches are provided on the mounting bracket 218. The stroke of the drive shaft 217 matches the distance between the two limit switches.

[0051] When the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212 extends or retracts, the shut-off plate 216 and the drive shaft 217 move synchronously. When the shut-off plate 216 moves upward and contacts the upper limit switch, the limit switch prevents the hydraulic system 211 from driving the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212; the same applies when the shut-off plate 216 moves downward and contacts the lower limit switch. By pre-designing the distance and setting the limit switch, the movement of the furnace cover 102 can be automatically stopped, preventing excessive displacement and interference. As for how the limit switch controls the hydraulic system 211 to stop driving the lifting hydraulic cylinder 212, this is existing technology, which can be easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the structure and principle of the limit switch are not what this case seeks to protect.

[0052] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments, and will not be described again.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A furnace cover opening and closing mechanism for a pit furnace, comprising a pit furnace (1), the pit furnace (1) comprising a furnace body (101), a furnace cover (102), and a muffle canister (103), the muffle canister (103) being mounted on the furnace body (101), and the furnace cover (102) being used to close the muffle canister (103), characterized in that: It also includes an opening and closing assembly (2), which includes a lifting and rotating part (21) and a locking part (22). The lifting and rotating part (21) is used to control the furnace cover (102) to lift and rotate; the locking part (22) is used to press the furnace cover (102) onto the muffle can (103). The locking part (22) includes an opening and closing ring (222), on which a plurality of extrusion shafts (229) are installed radially, and a plurality of wedges (227) are installed on the furnace cover (102), with inclined surfaces provided on the wedges (227); when the opening and closing ring (222) is rotated, the extrusion shafts (229) extrude the inclined surfaces of the wedges (227), so that the furnace cover (102) presses tightly against the muffle can (103), thus completing the sealing.

2. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple auxiliary rods (228) are radially mounted on the opening and closing ring (222), and pulleys are mounted at the ends of the auxiliary rods (228). The pulleys are used to support and limit the furnace cover (102).

3. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace body (101) is hinged to an opening and closing cylinder (226), which is hinged to the opening and closing ring (222).

4. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking part (22) also includes an opening and closing frame (220), on which a connecting shaft (221) and a connecting rod (223) are installed, and the connecting rod (223) is installed on the furnace cover (102).

5. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rod (225) is installed on the furnace body (101), and the guide rod (225) cooperates with the furnace cover (102).

6. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The lifting and rotating part (21) includes a hydraulic system (211) and a mounting base (215). The hydraulic system (211) is mounted on the mounting base (215). The mounting base (215) is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder bracket (214) and a mounting frame (218). A rotating hydraulic cylinder (213) is hinged on the hydraulic cylinder bracket (214). A lifting hydraulic cylinder (212) and a drive shaft bracket (210) are mounted on the mounting frame (218). A drive shaft (217) and a rotating shaft sleeve (219) are mounted on the drive shaft bracket (210). The drive shaft (217) is slidably connected to the rotating shaft sleeve (219). The rotating hydraulic cylinder (213) is hinged to the rotating shaft sleeve (219). The lifting hydraulic cylinder (212) is connected to the drive shaft (217).

7. The furnace cover opening and closing mechanism of a pit furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fire cut-off plate (216) is mounted on the drive shaft (217), and two limit switches are provided on the mounting bracket (218). The stroke of the drive shaft (217) matches the distance between the two limit switches.

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