Condenser for high-back-pressure cascade heat supply transformation of air cooling unit

Abstract

The utility model provides a condenser for high-back-pressure stepped heat supply transformation of an air cooling unit. The condenser comprises a front water chamber, a middle water chamber and a rear water chamber which are sequentially communicated in series. The front water chamber penetrates through the condenser front half structure, and the rear water chamber penetrates through the condenser rear half structure. The reclaimed water chamber is located between the condenser front half structure and the condenser rear half structure. The device is small in occupied area and small in investment. The cascade heat supply system is suitable for cascade heat supply transformation of a high-back-pressure and steam increasing machine or a small-back-pressure machine, system complexity and cost are effectively reduced, and heat energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thermal power unit heating retrofit technology, specifically a condenser for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of air-cooled units. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the "dual carbon" goals, thermal power units urgently need to achieve energy conservation and carbon reduction through "three-pronged reforms." Furthermore, thermal power units are generally undergoing heating system retrofits. Air-cooled units in water-scarce northern regions are particularly suitable for high back-pressure heating retrofits. High back-pressure cascade heating retrofits (such as high back-pressure + turbocharger + heating network heater) can improve waste heat utilization efficiency. However, currently, units undergoing high back-pressure cascade heating retrofits need to have a high back-pressure condenser installed outside the plant area, and simultaneously undergo modifications such as turbocharger or small back-pressure turbine to have a second heating condenser. The two condensers are arranged separately for staged heating, and after exiting the second condenser, the heat enters the first station of the heating network for tertiary heating, which has the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1) The piping system is complex, with redundant valves and pipes on the circulating water side, resulting in high frictional resistance.

[0004] 2) The equipment occupies a large area, and the cost of civil engineering foundations and pipe supports is high;

[0005] 3) The exhaust steam pipelines are scattered, with large diameters and requiring multiple sets of support structures;

[0006] 4) The circulating water in the heating network requires multiple switching of water chambers, resulting in low system integration. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model proposes a condenser for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of air-cooled units. It is a three-chamber condenser that solves the problems of system complexity, large footprint, and high cost through structural integration and optimization.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0009] A condenser for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of air-cooled units, comprising:

[0010] The front water chamber, the middle water chamber, and the rear water chamber are connected in series in sequence.

[0011] The front water chamber passes through the front half of the condenser structure, and the rear water chamber passes through the rear half of the condenser structure.

[0012] The intermediate water chamber is located between the front half of the condenser structure and the rear half of the condenser structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the condenser front structure includes a shell, throat, tube sheet, and heat exchange tube bundle of the condenser front structure, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle of the condenser front structure is arranged in a vertical layered manner.

[0014] Furthermore, the rear half of the condenser structure includes the shell, throat, tube sheet, and heat exchange tube bundle of the rear half of the condenser structure, wherein the heat exchange tube bundle of the rear half of the condenser structure is arranged in a vertical layered manner.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the condenser front structure is equipped with a turbine exhaust steam interface, and the bottom is equipped with a front structure hot well for receiving and condensing turbine exhaust steam.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the rear half of the condenser is equipped with a second-stage heating steam interface, and the bottom is equipped with a rear half-structure hot well, which is used to receive and condense the exhaust steam from the booster turbine or small back pressure turbine.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat exchange tube bundles in the front half of the structure and the heat exchange tube bundles in the rear half of the condenser are arranged in parallel or in series, and the circulating water of the heating network flows through the front water chamber, the middle water chamber and the rear water chamber in sequence to complete the cascade heating.

[0018] Furthermore, the drainage pipes of the rear half of the hot well are U-shaped to form a water seal to prevent steam leakage.

[0019] Furthermore, the front-end structure hot well is connected to the main unit hot well via a drainage pipe, forming a condensate recovery path.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the condenser of this invention for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of air-cooled units achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0021] This invention combines a traditional two-stage independent condenser into a three-chamber integrated structure, employing a series layout of the front, middle, and rear water chambers. This allows the circulating water of the heating network to flow sequentially through the front and rear halves of the condenser for tiered heating, significantly reducing the number of water chambers, the arrangement of valves and pipes on the circulating water side, and lowering system complexity and friction resistance. Simultaneously, it reduces the overall size of the condenser, saving on site space and civil engineering costs. The waste steam pipes are centrally arranged to reduce the number of supports, and the drainage system is optimized to form a U-shaped water seal structure. This not only increases the heating network water temperature but also simplifies operation and maintenance processes, achieving equipment integration, pipeline consolidation, and efficient utilization of thermal energy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a condenser structure for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of an air-cooled unit, as described in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This application discloses a high back pressure cascade heating integrated condenser for multi-heat network circulating water pipeline air-cooled units, comprising: a front water chamber 1, a middle water chamber 2, and a rear water chamber 3 connected in series.

[0026] The front water chamber 1 passes through the front half structure 6 of the condenser, and the rear water chamber 3 passes through the rear half structure 7 of the condenser.

[0027] The intermediate water chamber 2 is located between the front half structure 6 and the rear half structure 7 of the condenser.

[0028] In this application, the condenser front structure 6 includes a shell, throat, tube sheet and condenser front structure heat exchange tube bundle 14, wherein the condenser front structure heat exchange tube bundle 14 is arranged in a vertical layered manner.

[0029] In this application, the condenser rear structure 7 includes a shell, throat, tube sheet and condenser rear structure heat exchange tube bundle 15, wherein the condenser rear structure heat exchange tube bundle 15 is arranged in a vertical layered manner.

[0030] In this application, the top of the condenser front structure 6 is provided with a turbine exhaust steam interface 8, and the bottom is provided with a front structure hot well 10, which is used to receive and condense the turbine exhaust steam.

[0031] In this application, the top of the condenser rear structure 7 is provided with a second-stage heating steam interface 9, and the bottom is provided with a rear structure hot well 11, which is used to receive and condense the exhaust steam of the booster or small back pressure turbine.

[0032] In this application, the heat exchange tube bundle 14 of the front half structure and the heat exchange tube bundle 15 of the condenser rear half structure are arranged in parallel or in series, and the circulating water of the heating network flows through the front water chamber 1, the middle water chamber 2 and the rear water chamber 3 in sequence to complete the cascade heating.

[0033] In this application, the drainage pipe 12 of the rear half-structure hot well 11 has a U-shaped structure to form a water seal to prevent steam leakage.

[0034] In this application, the front structure hot well 10 is connected to the main unit hot well via a drainage pipe 13, forming a condensate recovery path.

[0035] The present application will be further described below with reference to embodiments:

[0036] See Figure 1 A high back-pressure cascade heating integrated condenser for multi-heat network circulating water pipeline air-cooled units, comprising:

[0037] The front water chamber 1 is located at the front end of the condenser. It is connected to the heat network return water after the external water filter through the heat network circulating water inlet interface 4. It has a diversion structure inside to evenly distribute the return water to both sides of the heat exchange tube bundle 14 of the front half structure 6 of the condenser.

[0038] The condenser front structure 6 includes a shell, throat, tube sheet, and support frame. Its top is equipped with a turbine exhaust steam inlet 8 for connecting to the turbine exhaust pipe; the bottom is equipped with a front structure hot well 10 for collecting condensate from the turbine exhaust steam outside the heat exchange tube bundle 14 and drain water from the rear structure hot well 11. The heat exchange tube bundle 14 is arranged symmetrically on both sides, with circulating water from the heating network flowing inside the tubes and turbine exhaust steam flowing outside, completing the first stage of heating of the heating network water.

[0039] The middle water chamber 2 is located between the front half structure 6 and the rear half structure 7. It receives the circulating water of the heat network after it has been heated by the heat exchange tube bundle 14 of the front half structure, and distributes the water flow to the heat exchange tube bundle 15 of the rear half structure 7 through the internal guide plate.

[0040] The condenser's rear structure 7 includes a shell, throat, tube sheet, and support frame. Its top is equipped with a higher-pressure steam inlet 9 for connecting to the turbocharger outlet or the small back-pressure turbine exhaust pipe. The bottom is equipped with a rear structure heat well 11 for collecting high-pressure steam condensate from the heat exchange tube bundle 15. The heat exchange tube bundle 15 is arranged on one or both sides, with circulating water from the heat network in the middle water chamber 2 flowing inside the tubes, and high-pressure steam introduced outside the tubes to complete the second stage of heating of the heat network water.

[0041] The rear water chamber 3 is located at the end of the condenser, where it collects the circulating water of the heating network after secondary heating by the rear half-structure heat exchange tube bundle 15, and connects to the heating network system through the outlet flange interface 5.

[0042] The hydrophobic system includes:

[0043] The rear structure hot well 11 is connected to the front structure hot well 10 through a U-shaped drainage pipe 12. The U-shaped structure forms a water seal to prevent steam backflow.

[0044] The front half structure hot well 10 is connected to the main unit hot well through the drainage pipe 13 to collect the condensate from the two stages of condensation.

[0045] The condensate from the rear structure hot well 11 flows by gravity to the front structure hot well 10, and then is transported to the main unit hot well via the drainage pipeline 13.

[0046] Operation process:

[0047] The return water from the heating network enters the front water chamber 1 through the inlet 4 and is then diverted to the heat exchange tube bundle 14 of the front half structure to complete the first stage of heating.

[0048] After heating, the circulating water flows into the middle water chamber 2 and is distributed to the heat exchange tube bundle 15 of the rear half structure for secondary heating;

[0049] Finally, the heated water is output from the outlet port 5 through the rear water chamber 3;

[0050] The exhaust steam from the steam turbine enters the condenser of the first half of the structure 6 through interface 8, and the exhaust steam from the booster turbine or small back pressure turbine enters the condenser of the second half of the structure 7 through interface 9. The two-stage condensate is centrally recovered through the hot well system.

[0051] The return water from the heating network enters the front water chamber 1 through interface 4, flows through the heat exchange tube bundle 14 of the front half structure, is heated by the turbine exhaust steam 8 in the first stage, merges into the middle water chamber 3, and then enters the heat exchange tube bundle 15 of the rear half structure. After being heated by the exhaust steam 9 of the booster turbine in the second stage, it is finally output from the rear water chamber 2. The condensate is recovered to the main unit's heat well through the heat well systems 10 and 11.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A condenser for high back pressure cascade heating retrofit of air-cooled units, characterized in that: include: The front water chamber (1), the middle water chamber (2), and the rear water chamber (3) are connected in series. The front water chamber (1) passes through the front half structure (6) of the condenser, and the rear water chamber (3) passes through the rear half structure (7) of the condenser; The middle water chamber (2) is located between the front half structure (6) and the rear half structure (7) of the condenser.

2. The condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser front structure (6) includes a shell, throat, tube sheet and condenser front structure heat exchange tube bundle (14), wherein the condenser front structure heat exchange tube bundle (14) is arranged in a vertical layer.

3. The condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser rear structure (7) includes the shell, throat, tube sheet and condenser rear structure heat exchange tube bundle (15), wherein the condenser rear structure heat exchange tube bundle (15) is arranged in a vertical layer.

4. The condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the condenser front structure (6) is provided with a turbine exhaust steam interface (8), and the bottom is provided with a front structure hot well (10) for receiving and condensing turbine exhaust steam.

5. The condenser according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the condenser rear structure (7) is provided with a second-stage heating steam interface (9), and the bottom is provided with a rear structure hot well (11) for receiving and condensing the exhaust steam of the booster or small back pressure turbine.

6. The condenser according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundle (14) of the front half structure and the heat exchange tube bundle (15) of the condenser are arranged in series. The circulating water of the heating network flows through the front water chamber (1), the middle water chamber (2) and the rear water chamber (3) in sequence to complete the cascade heating.

7. The condenser according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (12) of the rear half-structure hot well (11) has a U-shaped structure to form a water seal to prevent steam leakage.

8. The condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front structure hot well (10) is connected to the main unit hot well through a drainage pipe (13) to form a condensate recovery path.

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