Impact-resistant flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mine

Abstract

The utility model provides an impact-resistant flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for a coal mine, and relates to the technical field of optical cables, the impact-resistant flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable comprises a halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer and a loose tube, a central groove is arranged in the middle of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, the loose tube is arranged in the central groove, a plurality of groups of optical fibers are arranged in the loose tube, and the optical fibers are arranged in the central groove. The plurality of groups of optical fibers are at least divided into two modules, and the optical fibers of the two modules are distinguished by yarn windings; side grooves are formed in the two sides of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, and steel wires are arranged in the two sets of side grooves; according to the utility model, the loose tube with the built-in optical fiber is arranged in the central groove in the middle of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, and the steel wires are arranged in the side grooves in the two sides of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, so that a flat structure is formed, and when the cable is subjected to impact external force, the whole cable body is in a wide-surface landing condition, the impact resistance of an optical unit can be effectively improved, and the service life of the optical unit is prolonged. And the requirements of flame retardance, compression resistance and impact resistance under a mine can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical cable technology, and in particular to an impact-resistant, flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Ensuring the safe operation of mines is crucial for healthy economic development. However, with the widespread use of large-scale machinery and equipment underground, the risk of fires has significantly increased. Traditional underground temperature sensing systems often employ single-point monitoring with limited coverage, which can no longer meet the actual needs of current mines. Therefore, distributed fiber optic temperature measurement systems have been developed. These systems consist of fiber optic thermometers, sensing cables, measurement software, and other auxiliary equipment. This time-domain distributed temperature monitoring system is based on the Raman scattering principle—the nonlinear scattering effect generated by laser pulses propagating in optical fibers—combined with optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) technology. It enables continuous measurement of the temperature at any point along the fiber optic line, with a measurement range of tens of kilometers and spatial positioning accuracy of up to 1 meter. Currently, it is widely used in industries such as power, petrochemicals, coal, tunnels, and fire protection. Especially in the mining sector, where monitored products are highly sensitive to electrical quantities such as electrical sparks, distributed fiber optic sensing technology is essential for monitoring equipment operation. Furthermore, with the increasing demands for equipment reliability and intelligent monitoring, the demand for distributed fiber optic sensors in the mining sector is rising rapidly. Therefore, sensing cables are extremely important to meet the needs of mine fire monitoring.

[0003] Current heat-sensing optical cables used for downhole fire monitoring consist of optical fibers, armor layers, braided layers, and protective layers. The materials used are mostly metals to cope with the complex downhole environment, but they have the following drawbacks:

[0004] The thick sheath of the optical cable and the large weight of the unit product of the armored optical cable result in poor temperature sensing effect, making it difficult to accurately detect temperature changes and effectively realize the temperature measurement function. The optical cable is unable to withstand large lateral pressure and radial pressure, and has poor impact resistance, which can easily cause the steel wires to break, leading to increased fiber loss or even breakage. As a result, it loses its communication and temperature measurement functions shortly after installation, and ultimately cannot monitor the temperature, causing the entire system to fail.

[0005] Optical cables have a high manufacturing cost and poor straightness, making them prone to crossing and tangling during installation.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes an impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes an impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines. This impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines has a flat structure. When subjected to an impact force, the entire cable body is in a wide-side-to-the-ground situation, which can effectively improve the impact resistance of the optical unit and meet the requirements of flame retardancy, pressure resistance and impact resistance in underground mines.

[0008] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a flat sensing optical cable for coal mines that is impact-resistant and flame-retardant, comprising a halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer and a loose tube. A central groove is provided in the middle position inside the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer. The loose tube is located inside the central groove. An optical fiber is provided inside the loose tube. The optical fiber is provided in multiple groups. The multiple groups of optical fibers are divided into at least two modules. The optical fibers of the two modules are distinguished by yarn windings.

[0009] The halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer has side grooves on both sides inside, and both sets of side grooves have steel wires inside.

[0010] A further improvement is that the optical fiber is either a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, and the total number of cores in the optical fiber is 2-24.

[0011] A further improvement is that the outer diameter of the loose sleeve is 1.8-4.0 mm, and the loose sleeve is either a polybutylene terephthalate tube or a metal tube.

[0012] A further improvement is that the steel wire is a spring metal wire and the steel wire is elastic, and at least one set of the steel wire is provided in each set of the side grooves.

[0013] A further improvement is that the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer is flat.

[0014] Further improvements include: an interference fit between the loose sleeve and the central groove, and an interference fit between the steel wire and the side groove.

[0015] A further improvement is that the loose sleeve and the steel wire are installed in a straight state with the central groove and the side groove respectively.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. This utility model places the loose tube with built-in optical fiber in the central groove inside the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, and sets steel wires in the side grooves on both sides inside the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer, thereby forming a flat structure. When subjected to external impact force, the entire cable body is in a wide-face grounding state, which can effectively improve the impact resistance of the optical unit and meet the requirements of flame retardancy, pressure resistance and impact resistance in mines.

[0018] 2. The loose sleeve and the central groove of this utility model are interference-fitted, and the steel wire and the side groove are interference-fitted. The tight installation, combined with its own material properties, facilitates heat conduction and ensures the timeliness and effectiveness of temperature measurement. While realizing optical communication, it can detect changes in temperature inside the mine, thereby improving safety and reliability.

[0019] 3. This utility model adopts a flat structure, which is easy to lay and install, and easy to operate. With the elasticity of the steel wire, the optical cable is less likely to entangle or cross when laid, moved, or bent. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0021] The components are: 1. Halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer; 2. Loose tube; 3. Central groove; 4. Optical fiber; 5. Yarn; 6. Side groove; 7. Steel wire. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To deepen the understanding of this utility model, the following detailed description will be provided in conjunction with embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain this utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] according to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines, including a halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 and a loose tube 2. A central groove 3 is provided in the middle of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1. The loose tube 2 is located inside the central groove 3. An optical fiber 4 is provided inside the loose tube 2, and multiple sets of optical fibers 4 are provided. The multiple sets of optical fibers 4 are divided into at least two modules, and the two modules of optical fibers 4 are distinguished by yarn windings 5. High-core-count optical fibers are distinguished by bundled yarn windings to improve production efficiency and identification.

[0025] Both sides of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 are provided with side grooves 6, and steel wires 7 are provided inside both sets of side grooves 6. During manufacturing, optical fibers 4 are placed inside the loose tube 2, and yarn 5 is used to separate the optical fibers inside the loose tube 2 and outside the optical fibers 4. Galvanized aluminum alloy spring steel wires 7 are placed on both sides of the loose tube 2. The steel wires 7 are straightened by a straightener, and the loose tube 2 and steel wires 7 are straightened before entering the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1, where the sheath material is wrapped.

[0026] The optical fiber 4 is either a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber, and the total number of cores in the optical fiber 4 is 2-24. The outer diameter of the loose tube 2 is 1.8-4.0 mm, and the loose tube 2 is either a polybutylene terephthalate tube or a metal tube. The steel wire 7 is a spring metal wire, and the steel wire 7 is elastic. Each set of the side grooves 6 contains one set of the steel wire 7. This tight installation, combined with its material properties, facilitates heat conduction, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of temperature measurement. While realizing optical communication, it can also detect temperature changes inside the mine, improving safety and reliability. Simultaneously, the elasticity of the steel wire 7 prevents the optical cable from easily tangling or crossing during laying, movement, and bending.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] according to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes an impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines, including a halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 and a loose tube 2. A central groove 3 is provided in the middle of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1. The loose tube 2 is located inside the central groove 3. An optical fiber 4 is provided inside the loose tube 2, and multiple sets of optical fibers 4 are provided. The multiple sets of optical fibers 4 are divided into at least two modules, and the two modules of optical fibers 4 are distinguished by yarn windings 5. High-core-count optical fibers are distinguished by bundled yarn windings to improve production efficiency and identification.

[0029] Both sides of the interior of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 are provided with side grooves 6, and steel wires 7 are provided inside both sets of side grooves 6. During manufacturing, optical fibers 4 are placed inside the loose tube 2, and yarn 5 is used to separate the optical fibers inside the loose tube 2 and outside the optical fibers 4. Galvanized aluminum alloy spring steel wires 7 are placed on both sides of the loose tube 2. The steel wires 7 are straightened by a straightener, and the loose tube 2 and steel wires 7 are straightened before entering the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1, where the sheath material is wrapped.

[0030] The halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 is flat. The loose tube 2 and the central groove 3 are interference-fitted, as are the steel wires 7 and the side grooves 6. The loose tube 2 and the steel wires 7 enter the central groove 3 and the side groove 6 respectively in a straight state. The flat optical cable structure provides excellent impact resistance. During manufacturing, the loose tube 2 is released on a dedicated release frame with a 5N tension. Simultaneously, two spring steel wires 7 are placed on dedicated steel wire release frames on both sides of the loose tube release frame, with a 200N tension set to ensure stable release. The wires 7 then enter a steel wire straightener, and the pressure rollers in the vertical and horizontal directions of the straightener are adjusted, typically 33.35~35.5mm vertically and 36.0~38.55mm horizontally. This eliminates internal stress in the steel wires 7, ensuring that the loose tube 2 and the steel wires 7 enter the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1 in a straight state, where they are wrapped with the sheathing material.

[0031] This coal mine-use impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable places the loose tube 2 containing the built-in optical fiber 4 in the central groove 3 inside the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1. Steel wires 7 are installed in the side grooves 6 on both sides inside the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer 1, thus forming a flat structure. When subjected to external impact, the entire cable body is in a wide-face contact with the ground, effectively improving the impact resistance of the optical unit and meeting the requirements for flame retardancy, pressure resistance, and impact resistance in underground mines. Secondly, the interference fit between the loose tube 2 and the central groove 3, and the interference fit between the steel wires 7 and the side grooves 6, ensures a tight installation while also facilitating heat conduction due to their material properties, guaranteeing the timeliness and effectiveness of temperature measurement. While achieving optical communication, it can also detect temperature changes inside the mine, improving safety and reliability. Furthermore, the flat structure facilitates laying and installation, and the elasticity of the steel wires 7 prevents the optical cable from tangling or crossing during laying, movement, and bending.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flat, impact-resistant, flame-retardant sensing optical cable for coal mines, comprising a halogen-free flame-retardant sheath (1) and a loose tube (2), characterized in that: A central groove (3) is provided in the middle of the halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer (1). The loose tube (2) is located inside the central groove (3). An optical fiber (4) is provided inside the loose tube (2). The optical fiber (4) is provided in multiple groups. The multiple groups of optical fibers (4) are divided into at least two modules. The optical fibers (4) of the two modules are distinguished by yarn (5) windings. The halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer (1) has side grooves (6) on both sides inside, and the two sets of side grooves (6) are provided with steel wires (7).

2. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber (4) is either a single-mode optical fiber or a multimode optical fiber, and the total number of cores in the optical fiber (4) is 2-24.

3. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the loose sleeve (2) is 1.8-4.0 mm, and the loose sleeve (2) is either a polybutylene terephthalate tube or a metal tube.

4. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel wire (7) is a spring metal wire and the steel wire (7) is elastic. Each set of the side grooves (6) is provided with at least one set of the steel wire (7).

5. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The halogen-free flame-retardant sheath layer (1) is flat.

6. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loose sleeve (2) is interference-fitted with the central groove (3), and the steel wire (7) is interference-fitted with the side groove (6).

7. The impact-resistant and flame-retardant flat sensing optical cable for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loose sleeve (2) and the steel wire (7) are installed in a straight state with the central groove (3) and the side groove (6) respectively.

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