Fishery fishing device
By using a zero-buoyancy hollow hose, the problem of imbalance between hose weight and buoyancy was solved, which improved fishing efficiency and reduced environmental pollution, and achieved efficient catch processing and a stable fishing system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520624107.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing continuous pump suction trawl fishing systems, the weight and buoyancy of the hose cannot be completely balanced, which affects the shape of the net opening, reduces fishing efficiency, and poses risks of float detachment and environmental pollution, while increasing the workload and energy consumption of the crew.
It adopts a zero-buoyancy hollow hose, and through special material design, it balances gravity and buoyancy in the water, avoiding changes in the shape of the net opening, reducing the use of floats, improving fishing efficiency and reducing environmental pollution.
It increased fishing efficiency by 47%, reduced net setting and hauling time by 40%, lowered labor intensity and energy consumption, and ensured the freshness of the catch and the stability of the processing system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223943565U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to fishery fishing technical field especially is involved in a fishery fishing device. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the fishery fishing technical field, trawl fishing is a common fishery fishing method. Trawl fishing is a fishing method that makes the net move in the water by dragging the net by the fishing boat, forces the aquatic organisms such as fish into the net, and thus achieves the fishing purpose. When the fishing boat drags the net forward, the long conical net is expanded in the water due to the backward resistance. The net opening is kept open by some special devices (such as net board, float and sinker, etc.). The net board is installed on the left and right sides of the net opening, and the net board will produce a water power effect to expand the net opening to the two sides during the dragging process. The float is installed on the upper edge of the net opening, and the sinker is installed on the lower edge, which makes the upper and lower edges of the net opening away from each other under the action of the buoyancy and gravity. After the left and right, upper and lower four edges of the net opening are fully opened, a large enough sea area is obtained, so that the fish in a larger range enters the net. At the same time, the speed of the trawl is also very important. Too fast speed may deform or even damage the net, and too slow speed may not fully open the net, affecting the fishing efficiency.
[0003] In the prior art, under the existing technical conditions, according to the water layer classification of trawl fishing, there are mainly the following two categories:
[0004] (1) Bottom trawl fishing:
[0005] The bottom trawl fishing is mainly used for fishing fish, shrimps, crabs and other benthic organisms living near the seabed. The net is installed with net boards on the left and right sides, and the upper edge is installed with a float, and the lower edge is installed with a sinker which can roll and is wear-resistant. When the fishing boat drags the net forward, the lower edge of the open net opening keeps close to the seabed and moves forward, and the benthic organisms are caught into the net. At this time, the fishing boat usually sails at a slow speed, generally at 1-3 knots (1 knot = 1.852 km / h), to ensure that the net can be stably dragged on the seabed. The crew usually adjusts the depth and speed of the trawl according to the seabed topography and sea conditions (such as tides, waves, etc.), to ensure safe operation and fishing efficiency at the same time.
[0006] When the number of the fishing objects in the net reaches a certain degree, the trawl winch is used to shrink the trawl steel wire rope, the net is dragged onto the deck, the catch is taken out, and the trawl fishing operation is ended.
[0007] (2) Middle layer trawl fishing:
[0008] The middle layer trawl fishing is a method of fishing in the middle layer of water. By adjusting the number and weight of the float and sinkers of the net and the speed of the trawler, the depth of the net in the water is adjusted so that it is suspended in the water layer where the target fish school is located. Similarly, the mouth of the net is kept open by some special devices (such as the net board, float and sinker, etc.). The net board is installed on the left and right sides of the mouth of the net, and the net board will produce a hydrodynamic effect during the towing process, which will stretch the mouth of the net to the left and right sides. The upper edge of the mouth of the net is equipped with a float, and the lower edge is equipped with a sinker, which makes the upper and lower edges of the mouth of the net move away from each other under the action of buoyancy and gravity. After the left and right, upper and lower four edges of the mouth of the net are fully opened, a large enough sea area is obtained, and fish in a larger range enter the net.
[0009] When fishing for upper-middle layer school fish, after accurately detecting the position and depth of the fish school by horizontal fish finder, multi-beam sonar and other fish detection equipment, the middle layer trawl is lowered to the water layer where the fish school is located, and the trawler is towed at a speed of about 2-4 knots to keep the net open, and the fish school is caught in the net. When the middle layer trawl is operated in an area with strong current, the net is easily deformed by the current, resulting in a decrease in fishing efficiency. Therefore, the float, sinker and towing speed of the net need to be adjusted constantly.
[0010] After the number of the objects to be caught in the net reaches a certain extent, the trawl winch is used to contract the trawl steel wire rope, the net is pulled onto the deck, the catch is taken out, and the trawl fishing operation is completed.
[0011] Under the existing technical conditions, according to the number of trawlers participating in the towing, there are mainly the following two categories:
[0012] (1) Single trawl fishing:
[0013] Single trawl fishing is to place the net in the water behind the trawler, and the net is towed by the sailing of the trawler. Similarly, the mouth of the net is kept open by some special devices (such as the net board, float and sinker, etc.). The net board is installed on the left and right sides of the mouth of the net, and the net board will produce a hydrodynamic effect during the towing process, which will stretch the mouth of the net to the left and right sides. The upper edge of the mouth of the net is equipped with a float, and the lower edge is equipped with a sinker, which makes the upper and lower edges of the mouth of the net move away from each other under the action of buoyancy and gravity. After the left and right, upper and lower four edges of the mouth of the net are fully opened, a large enough sea area is obtained, and fish in a larger range enter the net.
[0014] The trawler sails at an appropriate speed according to the position and habits of the target fish school. For example, when catching shrimps, the speed may be slow, about 1-2 knots; and when catching upper-middle layer fish, the speed can be appropriately increased to 2-4 knots.
[0015] When the number of target objects in the net reaches a certain level, the trawl winch is used to retract the trawl steel wire rope, pull the net onto the deck, remove the catch, and end the trawl fishing operation.
[0016] Single-ship trawl fishing is widely applicable to various fishing grounds in coastal and offshore areas, and is more commonly used in deep-sea fishing. It can adapt to different seabed topography and water depth conditions.
[0017] It can catch a variety of fish and shrimp and crabs. For bottom fish such as various deep-sea cod, grouper, etc., and shrimp and crabs such as deep-sea shrimp, king crab, etc., it has good fishing effect; it can also be used to catch some mid-water fish such as small tuna, bonito, etc.
[0018] Since only one ship is operating, the power and maneuverability requirements for the ship are higher. The trawl device at the stern needs to be designed reasonably to ensure that the net can be stably opened during towing and does not affect the ship's navigation performance. In complex sea conditions such as deep sea, the strength and stability of the net and how to accurately lower the net to the target water layer need to be considered. At the same time, the fishing range of single-ship trawl is relatively smaller than that of double-ship trawl, and it needs to be more precise in positioning the fish school.
[0019] (2) Double-ship trawl fishing:
[0020] Double-ship trawl fishing is a fishing method that uses two fishing boats to drag a net together. The two fishing boats maintain a certain distance (usually tens of meters to hundreds of meters) and synchronous sailing speed, and each fishing boat drags the net through a towline connected to one side of the net.
[0021] During operation, the trawl net is first placed in the water, and then the two fishing boats move forward at a certain speed and direction, causing the trawl net to expand in the water and form a larger fishing area. In fishing large fish schools or in large-area fishing grounds, double-ship trawl can cover a wider range of sea area.
[0022] Double-ship trawl fishing is suitable for nearshore and some offshore fishing grounds, especially in areas where fish are widely distributed and have high density. Double-ship trawl fishing can catch a variety of fish, including mid-water and bottom fish. For some large and fast-swimming fish such as swordfish, double-ship trawl has an advantage in large-area fishing; it is also commonly used to catch mid-water fish such as mackerel, Spanish mackerel, and bottom fish such as hairtail.
[0023] In double-ship trawl fishing, the coordination between the two ships is crucial. They need to maintain the same speed, direction, and distance, which requires good communication between the crew and skilled driving techniques. The net of double-ship trawl is larger, and the process of hauling and deploying the net is relatively complex, requiring a larger deck space and more complex mechanical equipment for operation, which requires a larger fishing boat and more equipment.
[0024] Under the existing technical conditions, according to the way of taking the catch in the net to the ship, the fishing system mainly has the following two categories:
[0025] (1) Traditional trawl fishing:
[0026] The traditional trawl fishing system is composed of a net, a towing line, a fishing boat and supporting winches and other equipment.
[0027] The net is composed of a net mouth, a net body and a net bag.
[0028] The net mouth: The net mouth is the key part of the trawl, its size and opening degree directly affect the fishing efficiency. The upper edge of the net mouth is usually equipped with floats, the materials of the floats are various, such as foam plastic or hollow glass balls, etc., which provide upward buoyancy. The lower edge is equipped with sinkers, usually lead blocks or iron chains, which produce downward gravity. This combination of floats and sinkers enables the net mouth to open vertically in the water. In addition, some trawls also use net boards on both sides of the net mouth, which use water power principle to produce horizontal expansion force, so that the net mouth can also effectively open in the horizontal direction.
[0029] The net body: The net body of the traditional trawl is usually woven with high-strength fiber materials, such as polyethylene or nylon. These materials have good wear resistance and corrosion resistance to adapt to the needs of long-term towing in water. The shape of the net body is generally a cone or a similar cone, and its length, diameter size and mesh size vary according to factors such as target fish species, operating sea area depth, etc. When fishing for large fish in deep sea, the net body will be longer and thicker to ensure enough space to accommodate the catch.
[0030] The net bag: Located at the rear of the net body, it is the place where the catch is concentrated. The mesh of the net bag is usually smaller than other parts of the net body to prevent fish that have entered the net from escaping. Its shape is commonly spherical or elliptical, and its size is designed according to the expected amount of catch.
[0031] The towing line: The towing line is a rope connecting the fishing boat and the trawl, used to transfer the towing force of the fishing boat. Its length and strength depend on the operating water depth and the power of the fishing boat. Generally, the towing line uses high-strength synthetic fiber rope or steel wire rope, and in deep sea operations, the towing line will be very long and need to be able to withstand a large pulling force.
[0032] Fishing boat and supporting winches and other equipment: The fishing boat provides the towing power for the trawl fishing system, the installation platform for winches and other equipment, the crew's living / working platform and the catch processing / storage platform. The supporting winches and other equipment are mainly used for the deployment and towing of the net.
[0033] Fishing operation process: preparation before netting
[0034] Fishing ground positioning: The crew first needs to determine the appropriate fishing ground location through various means, such as using navigation, fishing experience, charts, satellite navigation systems, and fish-finding equipment such as horizontal fish finders and multi-beam sonar to detect, determine the location, size, and depth of the fish school, and select the best netting position.
[0035] Net inspection: Check if the trawl net is damaged, if the float and sink of the net mouth is installed firmly, if the towing line is intact, and if the winch and other equipment on the ship are running normally. After ensuring that all equipment is in good condition, the netting operation can begin.
[0036] Netting operation: After the fishing boat sails to the selected fishing ground location, it begins to deploy the net. First, the net bag is lowered into the water, then the net body is gradually released, while paying attention to controlling the speed of netting to avoid entanglement or damage to the net. Before the net mouth is lowered into the water, the number / weight and installation position of the float and sink are determined according to the sea conditions and the depth of the target fish school and installed. After the net mouth is lowered into the water, the net board is connected to the towing line. If it is a double-boat trawl, the two fishing boats need to coordinate and simultaneously release the net parts connected to them, maintaining a certain distance and synchronized speed.
[0037] Towing process: After the net is deployed, the fishing boat begins to tow the trawl net at an appropriate speed. The choice of towing speed is critical, as it depends on the swimming speed of the target fish school, the size and shape of the net, sea conditions, and other factors. For example, when fishing for bottom-dwelling fish, the speed is usually slower, around 1-3 knots (1 knot = 1.852 km / h), to ensure that the net can be close to the sea floor and effectively trap fish into the net; when fishing for mid-water fish, the speed can be increased appropriately, around 2-4 knots. When the number / weight and installation position of the float and sink of the net and the net mouth remain unchanged, the adjustment of the towing speed can adjust the towing depth within a certain range. During the towing process, the crew closely observes the heading and speed of the fishing boat and the state of the trawl net, and adjusts the length and angle of the towing line to maintain the good state of the trawl net.
[0038] Net lifting and harvesting: After a period of towing, the crew determines that the amount of catch in the net is sufficient or reaches the predetermined fishing time, and begins to lift the net. When lifting the net, the towing line is slowly retracted by the winch on the ship, and the trawl net is pulled towards the fishing boat. After the trawl net is completely pulled onto the deck, the catch is poured out of the net bag, sorted, washed, and preserved, and then the next trawl fishing operation is prepared.
[0039] The advantage of traditional trawl fishing is that the technology is relatively mature, the crew is familiar with the operation of traditional trawl fishing after long-term practice, the manufacturing and maintenance technology of fishing gear is relatively perfect, the procurement cost of the net is relatively low, it is easy to popularize and apply in fishing production, and acceptable fishing production efficiency can be obtained. The disadvantage is that each 1.5-2 hour trawl operation cycle must be operated once to take out the catch and then put the net, which is complicated and has a large workload; the catch stays in the net bag for a long time and has a large weight, and the catch is squeezed and damaged to a certain extent during the net taking process, which affects the freshness and quality of the catch; the catch is taken to the ship once per trawl operation cycle, which is unstable for the input of the classification, cleaning, processing / preservation and cold storage of the catch, and has a pulse, which is not conducive to maintaining the stability and continuity of the work of the catch processing / processing system on the ship.
[0040] (2) Continuous pumping trawl fishing:
[0041] Continuous pumping trawl fishing is an advanced fishing technology that combines trawl fishing and pumping equipment. This technology mainly uses a hose installed on the net to establish a closed channel connected from the end of the net bag to the ship, and uses a pump device to generate strong suction to transport fish, shrimp and other catches from the net bag at the end of the net to the catch collection tank on the ship. The pump is usually a centrifugal pump, and the prime mover, impeller and pump shell are specially designed to have a large flow passage size and a low speed, so that the damage rate of the catch is minimized when passing through. The pump can also use a single-tank or multi-tank vacuum pump. The single-tank vacuum pump can meet the basic pumping function, and the multi-tank vacuum pump can smooth the pulsatility of the pumping flow, making the output more stable, which is beneficial to the downstream processing operation. The pump is not shown in the schematic diagram. When a centrifugal pump is used, the pump can be arranged outside the hull or below the waterline inside the ship. When a vacuum pump is used, it is usually arranged below the waterline inside the ship due to its large size.
[0042] Net system: Similar to the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system also includes a net, a towing line, a fishing boat and supporting winches and other equipment.
[0043] The net is also composed of a net mouth, a net body and a net bag, and the difference is that the end of the net bag of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system is provided with a suction port and a pipeline, and the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump draws the catch through the suction port and the pipeline.
[0044] The working principle of the net part of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system is similar to that of the traditional trawl, and its operation process includes preparation before netting, netting operation and trawling process, which are almost the same as those of the traditional trawl, and the main difference is that the pumping subsystem is set.
[0045] Pumping system: composed of fish / shrimp suction pump, suction pipe, discharge pipe, etc. Fish / shrimp suction pump is the core component, usually a centrifugal pump, which can generate enough negative pressure to suck the catch; fish / shrimp suction pump can also use single tank or multi-tank vacuum pump. The suction port is usually located at the end of the net bag. When the fishing boat drags the net forward, the relative action of the water flow in the net and the net will make the catch gather at the end of the net bag, and then be sucked by the fish / shrimp suction pump through the suction pipe and the suction port, and then be transported to the ship through the discharge pipe. The design of fish / shrimp suction pump and delivery pipe should consider avoiding blockage and being able to effectively suck the catch. The delivery pipe needs to have good sealing and corrosion resistance to ensure that the catch can be smoothly transported from the net to the collection / buffer tank on the ship. Due to the setting of the pumping subsystem, compared with the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system does not need to take out the catch from the net bag by frequent hauling, but through the continuous work of the pumping system to make the catch gathered in the net bag be sucked and transported to the ship.
[0046] Power system and control system: the propulsion and control system of the fishing boat, the power and control system of the winch equipment of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system are similar to the traditional trawl fishing system, the difference is that the power and control system of the shrimp / fish suction pump is added. The power and control system of the shrimp / fish suction pump mainly has hydraulic power and control system, electric power and control system. The power system of the shrimp / fish suction pump provides power for the shrimp / fish suction pump, and the control system is used to adjust the speed of the centrifugal pump or the suction and discharge frequency of the vacuum pump, etc. to adjust the displacement, lift and energy consumption of the pump and other working indicators.
[0047] Compared with the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system has the advantages of more advanced technology, no need to haul frequently, greatly reducing the workload of the crew on deck, reducing the labor intensity and danger coefficient; the catch gathered in the net bag will be sucked and transported to the collection / buffer tank on the ship in time, the catch will not be crowded and rubbed in the net bag when hauling, and will not be squeezed and damaged when hauling, so as to improve the freshness and quality of the catch; the catch gathered in the net bag will be continuously sucked and transported to the ship by the fish / shrimp suction pump, which is stable for the input flow of the catch handling / processing system on the ship, which is beneficial to maintain the stability and continuity of the work of the catch handling / processing system on the ship.
[0048] Under the existing technical conditions, the pipe of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system often uses rubber hose, which has an average density of 1500-2000 kg / m 3, far more than seawater. After the rubber hose is installed on the net, the buoyancy obtained by the displacement of the rubber hose is far less than the gravity, and the remaining gravity of the rubber hose will seriously affect the shape of the net in water, greatly reducing the fishing efficiency of the whole system. Generally, the crew will use the method of installing floating balls on the rubber hose to reduce the gravity of the rubber hose in water, but this method has some disadvantages:
[0049] (1) Bundling a certain number of floating balls cannot achieve complete balance between the buoyancy of the floating balls and the gravity of the rubber hose. The buoyancy of each floating ball is a fixed value, and the increase and decrease of the floating balls cannot achieve infinite adjustment of the buoyancy, so after the floating balls are bundled on the rubber hose, the balance between the buoyancy of the floating balls and the gravity of the rubber hose cannot be achieved, and the influence of the rubber hose-floating ball combination on the shape of the net cannot be removed. It is often found that the number of floating balls that need to be bundled to completely balance the gravity of the rubber hose and the buoyancy of the floating balls is not an integer. If the number of floating balls is rounded down, it is not enough to completely offset the gravity of the rubber hose in water, and the rubber hose still has residual gravity that destroys the shape of the net and reduces the fishing efficiency due to the weight of the rubber hose pressing the net body and destroying the shape of the net. If the number of floating balls is rounded up, the buoyancy will be greater than the gravity, which will also destroy the shape of the net.
[0050] (2) The floating balls must be distributed as evenly as possible throughout the length of the rubber hose, or the distribution density of the floating balls must be adjusted according to the linear density of different sections of the rubber hose, which is often difficult to achieve in actual operation.
[0051] (3) The floating balls are installed and fixed on the rubber hose by the way of being bundled by ropes, which has a certain risk of falling off, and once they fall off, they will become plastic garbage left in the fishing sea area, causing environmental pollution.
[0052] (4) The plastic floating balls will age during use, and when subjected to deep-sea water pressure or accidental impact, they are prone to breakage, and the plastic pieces produced may enter the net pumping system and be transported to the ship, entering the fishery processing system, causing pollution and damage to the production line.
[0053] (5) It greatly increases the workload of the crew in installing and removing floating balls during net setting and net retrieval, and increases the resistance of the trawl net and the energy consumption of the fishing boat.
[0054] Due to the need to adjust the water depth of trawl fishing, the rubber hose of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system is usually much longer than necessary, and the rubber hose outside the net range is usually not installed with floating balls. This part of the hose will sag in front of the net opening under the action of gravity after leaving the net opening, and the sagging rubber hose will interfere with the target organisms entering the net, and the trailing rubber hose will drive the edge of the net opening, causing the net opening to deform and tilt, thereby reducing the sweeping area and the fishing efficiency. The utility model discloses a fishing device
[0055] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model discloses a fishing device, which can effectively avoid the interference of the downward soft tube in front of the net mouth with the target biological organisms entering the net, effectively avoid the downward soft tube in front of the net mouth and the subsequent floating, avoid reducing the net mouth sweeping sea area, thereby effectively ensuring and improving the fishing efficiency of the continuous pumping fishing system.
[0056] The above utility model object of the utility model is realized through the following technical schemes.
[0057] A fishing device includes a zero-float hollow hose, a net module, a pumping module, a power module and a control module, the zero-float hollow hose is installed on the net module, and the net module includes a net mouth, a net body and a net bag.
[0058] The control module is connected with the power module and the pumping module, the power module is connected with the pumping module, the power module is used for providing power for the pumping module, and the control module is used for adjusting various parameters of the pumping module.
[0059] One end of the zero-float hollow hose is connected with the pumping module on the ship, and the other end extends to the net bag at the end of the net body, thereby establishing a closed channel connected from the end of the net bag to the ship, and the fish and shrimp catch are transported from the net bag at the end of the net body to the catch collection cabin on the ship through the suction force generated by the pumping module.
[0060] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the net bag end is provided with a suction pipe connected with the zero-float hollow hose, and the suction pipe is used for extracting the catch.
[0061] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the pumping module is a centrifugal water pump or a single-tank / multi-tank vacuum pump.
[0062] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the power module is a hydraulic power system or an electric system.
[0063] In summary, the utility model includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0064] 1. The utility model discloses a fishing device, which is a continuous pumping trawl fishing system. Compared with the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system has the advantages of more advanced technology, less frequent hauling, greatly reduced workload of the crew on the deck, and reduced labor intensity and risk coefficient. After the catch is gathered in the net bag, it can be timely extracted by the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump and transported to the collection tank / buffer tank on the ship. The catch will not be crowded and rubbed in the net bag when the net is hauled, and will not be squeezed and damaged when the net is hauled, thereby improving the freshness and quality of the catch. After the catch is gathered in the net bag, it can be continuously extracted by the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump and transported to the ship. For the catch processing system on the ship, the input flow is stable, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability and continuity of the work of the catch processing system on the ship.
[0065] 2. Under the existing technical conditions, the pipeline of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system often uses a hose, and the average density thereof can reach 1500-2000 kg / m 3 , which is much higher than that of seawater. After the hose is installed on the net, the remaining gravity thereof will seriously affect the shape of the net in water, greatly reducing the fishing efficiency of the whole system. Generally, the crew will use the method of installing a float ball on the hose to reduce the gravity of the hose in water, but this method cannot completely balance the gravity of the float ball, and the float ball has the risk of falling off and breaking, increasing the workload of disassembling the float ball and the drag resistance of the net, and the pipe section between the net mouth and the fishing boat (generally without float ball) has the defects of sagging, backward drifting and reducing the fishing efficiency.
[0066] The utility model compares with prior art, its innovation point lies in using zero buoyancy hollow hose as the hose of net bag and ship catch collection tank / buffer tank. The zero buoyance hollow hose can keep the balance state of gravity and buoyancy in water, or slightly positive buoyancy (in actual use, it is very difficult to make the average density of the hose equal to the density of water, because the density of water changes with temperature and salinity). When installed on the net, it will not affect the posture of the net, and no float ball or counterweight is needed.
[0067] 3. In the process of continuous pumping trawl fishing operation, the gravity of the zero buoyancy hollow hose in water is completely balanced by its own buoyancy, and the posture of the zero buoyancy hollow hose is determined by the fixing points on the net and the ship and the fluid drag force. Under the action of these factors, one end of the hose is fixed on the net, the other end is fixed on the tail of the ship, and the middle part is backward drifting above the net. The zero buoyancy hollow hose between the net mouth and the ship will not sag and drift backward in front of the net mouth, will not sway and disturb the target organisms into the net, and will not pull and affect the shape of the net mouth, thereby reducing the net mouth sweeping area, and thus avoiding the negative impact on the fishing efficiency.
[0068] 4, The utility model discloses a continuous pumping fishing system, which is characterized by effectively avoiding the interference of the soft tube with the target organisms entering the net, effectively avoiding the soft tube from sagging in front of the net mouth and then floating, and effectively avoiding the reduction of the net mouth sweeping area, thereby effectively ensuring and improving the fishing efficiency of the continuous pumping fishing system.
[0069] 5, The zero buoyancy is realized by the material of the soft tube itself, which avoids the disadvantages of discrete and discontinuous adjustment of buoyancy, inaccurate and uneven total buoyancy, environmental pollution risk, production line pollution / damage risk of the catch processing system, increased trawl resistance and fishing boat propulsion energy consumption, and increased workload of crew for disassembling and assembling the floating ball.
[0070] Since the zero-buoyancy hollow soft tube is adopted, the problems of pressing the net body, interfering with the shrimp group entering the net, sagging in front of the net mouth and then floating, and reducing the sweeping area of the net mouth due to the deformation of the net mouth caused by the pulling, are avoided. According to actual measurement, the daily fishing capacity reaches 600 t / d·ship (when the target organisms are Antarctic krill), and the fishing efficiency is improved by 47%. Since the zero-buoyancy hollow soft tube is adopted, the use of the floating ball is avoided, and the operation of disassembling and assembling the floating ball required by the conventional soft tube is eliminated. According to actual measurement, the operation time of the net casting and net collecting is reduced by 40%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0071] Figure 1 It is a state comparison schematic view of the conventional soft tube and the zero-buoyancy hollow soft tube of the continuous pumping fishing system of the utility model in the operation process.
[0072] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal section view of the pipe wall of the zero-buoyancy hollow soft tube of the utility model.
[0073] Reference signs: 1, inner wall base material layer of soft tube; 2, first tensile and compressive layer; 3, reinforcing layer; 4, second tensile and compressive layer; 5, outer wall base material layer of soft tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0074] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0075] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0076] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0077] This utility model relates to the field of fishery fishing technology, and in particular to a continuous pump suction trawl fishing system with a zero buoyancy hollow hose. The zero buoyancy mentioned here also includes the meaning of zero gravity. Essentially, the hose is made of specially designed materials, and the average density of the hose is slightly less than or equal to the density of fresh water / seawater. The buoyancy it experiences in the water is balanced with the gravity, or a slight positive buoyancy is generated.
[0078] The present invention relates to a flexible hose with zero buoyancy or capable of generating slight positive buoyancy, having an average density slightly less than or equal to that of freshwater / seawater; it has high elasticity, making it easy to deploy, retrieve, and store; it has high compressive strength, enabling it to operate in deep sea (deeper than 200m) following the fishing depth of a continuous pump suction fishing system; and it has high tensile strength, enabling it to withstand all possible loads during the operation of a continuous pump suction fishing system.
[0079] This zero-buoyancy hollow flexible tube has a compressive stress resistance of no less than 40 MPa, a tensile stress resistance of no less than 20 MPa, and an average density as low as 700-1030 kg / m³. 3 The advantages of this hose are that it can be used in deep sea (depths of 200m and above), can withstand greater pressure and tension (can withstand deep sea water pressure (2-40MPa) and load tension under operating conditions (tensile stress not less than 20MPa), etc.), has high elasticity (compensates for movement / displacement under operating conditions and is easy to roll up and store), and has positive buoyancy or zero buoyancy characteristics (provides positive buoyancy to the device or protects the device from the adverse effects of positive buoyancy / gravity generated by it).
[0080] The structure and design principle of the soft tube with zero buoyancy or slightly positive buoyancy are described as follows:
[0081] Embodiment one:
[0082] With reference to Figure 1 The utility model discloses a fishing device, including zero buoyancy hollow soft tube, net module, pump suction module, power module and control module, zero buoyancy hollow soft tube installs on net module, and net module includes net mouth, net body and net bag, control module is connected with power module and pump suction module control respectively, and power module is connected with pump suction module, and power module is used for providing power for pump suction module, and control module is used for adjusting each parameter of pump suction module.
[0083] One end of the zero buoyancy hollow soft tube is connected with the pump suction module on the ship, and the other end extends through the net body to the net bag at the end of the net body, establishing a closed channel connected from the end of the net bag to the ship, and the fish and shrimp catch is transported from the net bag at the end of the net body to the catch collection cabin on the ship through the suction force generated by the pump suction module. In the embodiment, a suction pipe connected with the zero buoyancy hollow soft tube is installed at the end of the net bag, and the suction pipe is used for extracting the catch, the pump suction module is a centrifugal water pump or a single tank / multi-tank vacuum pump, and the power module is a hydraulic power system or an electric system.
[0084] With reference to Figure 2 The pipe wall of the zero buoyancy hollow soft tube comprises, from the inside to the outside, a soft tube inner wall base material layer 1, a first tensile and compressive resistance layer 2, a reinforcing layer 3, a second tensile and compressive resistance layer 4, and a soft tube outer wall base material layer 5. The soft tube inner wall base material layer 1 enhances the wear resistance and seawater resistance, and the soft tube outer wall base material layer 5 enhances the wear resistance, seawater resistance, ultraviolet resistance, and weather resistance.
[0085] The first tensile and compressive resistance layer 2 and the second tensile and compressive resistance layer 4 each comprise a base material layer and a polyester fiber reinforcing layer 3 arranged inside the base material layer, and the first tensile and compressive resistance layer 2 and the second tensile and compressive resistance layer 4 enhance the tensile and compressive resistance. The reinforcing layer 3 comprises a base material layer and a spiral steel wire arranged inside the base material layer, and enhances the resistance to internal and external pipe pressure and high elasticity.
[0086] The soft tube inner wall base material layer 1, the soft tube outer wall base material layer 5, and the base material layer are each rubber or SBS synthetic resin. Hollow glass microbeads are uniformly distributed inside the soft tube inner wall base material layer 1, the first tensile and compressive resistance layer 2, the reinforcing layer 3, the second tensile and compressive resistance layer 4, and the soft tube outer wall base material layer 5. The hollow glass microbeads have a compressive strength of 110 MPa, an actual density of 0.46 g / cm 3 , an average diameter of 20 μm, and a softening temperature of 600 ℃, so that the average density of the entire soft tube (including the joint and the connecting bolt) is as low as 700-1030 kg / m 3) less than water or equal to water, so that the hose can obtain a slightly positive buoyancy or zero buoyancy effect in water.
[0087] The inherent properties of the rubber or SBS synthetic resin and similar materials as the hose substrate determine that the material of the hose has high compressive strength (not less than 40 MPa); the spiral steel wire is tightly combined with the substrate, so that the hose has high resistance to internal and external pressure; the inherent properties of the spiral steel wire and the substrate make the hose have high elasticity; the polyester fibers of the first and second tensile and compressive layers 2 and 4 are tightly combined with the substrate, so that the hose has high tensile strength (not less than 20 MPa).
[0088] The rubber or SBS synthetic resin and similar materials in the hose are tightly combined with the adjacent polyester synthetic fibers, spiral steel wires, hollow glass beads, etc., and through the gaps between the polyester synthetic fibers, spiral steel wires, and hollow glass beads, are tightly combined with the adjacent rubber or SBS synthetic resin layer and similar materials, forming a unified and continuous overall structure. The sizes of each layer in the figure do not represent the actual size, but only represent the relative position relationship, and can be adjusted in proper order. In terms of the mass proportion of the material, rubber or synthetic resin accounts for the majority, and synthetic fiber accounts for a small part. Rubber or synthetic resin provides compressive strength and shear resistance for the composite material, and synthetic fiber provides tensile strength for the composite material. In the raw materials of the main component of the composite material, i.e. rubber or synthetic resin, hollow glass beads (compressive strength 110 MPa, actual density 0.46 g / cm 3 , average diameter 20 μm, softening temperature 600 ℃) are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 100:5-100:40, which has low density, can make the average density of the composite material less than the density of water, so as to produce positive buoyancy; has high compressive strength and high melting point, with extremely low breakage rate in the production process; has small average diameter, which has little effect on the combination between the molecules of the original main material after being uniformly mixed in the main material; and is composed of glass, which is chemically stable and will not react with other materials in the production process.
[0089] The composition and use method of the continuous pumping and catching system with zero buoyancy hollow hose are described as follows:
[0090] Continuous pumping trawl is an advanced fishing technology that combines trawl fishing and pumping equipment. This technology mainly uses a hose installed on the net to establish a closed channel from the end of the net bag to the ship, and uses a pump device to generate strong suction to transport fish, shrimp and other catches from the net bag at the end of the net to the catch collection tank on the ship. The pump is usually a centrifugal pump, and the prime mover, impeller and pump casing are specially designed to have a large flow passage size and a low speed to minimize the damage rate of the catch when passing through. The pump can also use a single-tank or multi-tank vacuum pump. The single-tank vacuum pump can meet the basic suction and discharge function, and the multi-tank vacuum pump can smooth the pulsatility of the suction and discharge flow, making the output more stable, which is beneficial to the downstream working operation. The pump is not shown in the schematic diagram. When using a centrifugal pump, the pump can be arranged outside the hull or below the waterline inside the ship. When using a vacuum pump, due to its large size, it is usually arranged below the waterline inside the ship.
[0091] Net module: Similar to the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system also includes nets, towlines, fishing vessels and supporting winches and other equipment.
[0092] The net module is also composed of a net mouth, a net body and a net bag. The difference is that the net bag of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system is installed with a suction port and a pipeline at the end of the net bag, and the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump extracts the catch through the suction port and the pipeline. The working principle of the net part of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system is similar to that of the traditional trawl, and its operation process is almost the same as that of the traditional trawl, with the main difference being the setting of the pumping subsystem.
[0093] Pumping module: composed of fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump, suction pipeline, discharge pipeline, etc. The fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump is the core component, which is usually a centrifugal pump that can generate enough negative pressure to suck the catch; the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump can also use a single-tank or multi-tank vacuum pump. The suction port is usually located at the end of the net bag. When the fishing vessel drags the trawl forward, the relative action of the water flow in the trawl and the trawl will cause the catch to accumulate at the end of the net bag, which will then be extracted by the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump through the suction port and the suction pipeline, and then transported to the ship through the discharge pipeline. The design of the fish suction pump / shrimp suction pump and the delivery pipeline needs to consider avoiding blockage and effectively sucking the catch. The delivery pipeline needs to have good sealing and corrosion resistance to ensure that the catch can be smoothly transported from the net to the collection tank / buffer tank on the ship. Due to the setting of the pumping subsystem, compared with the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system does not need to take out the catch from the net bag by frequently hauling the net, but through the continuous work of the pumping system, the catch accumulated in the net bag is extracted and transported to the ship.
[0094] Power module and control module: the propulsion and control system of the fishing vessel of the continuous pumping trawl fishing system, the power and control system of the winch device, and the traditional trawl fishing system are similar, the difference lies in that the power and control system of the shrimp sucking pump / fish sucking pump is additionally arranged. The power and control system of the shrimp sucking pump / fish sucking pump mainly has two types of hydraulic power and control system and electric power and control system. The power system of the shrimp sucking pump / fish sucking pump provides power for the shrimp sucking pump / fish sucking pump, and the control system is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump or the suction and discharge frequency of the vacuum pump and the like, so as to adjust the displacement, lift and energy consumption and the like working indexes of the pump.
[0095] The embodiment principle of the utility model is: the utility model discloses a fishery fishing device, which is a continuous pumping trawl fishing system, compared with the traditional trawl fishing system, the continuous pumping trawl fishing system has the advantages of more advanced technology, does not need to frequently haul in the net, greatly reduces the workload of the crew deck operation, reduces the labor intensity and the danger coefficient, the catch gathers in the net bag and is extracted and transported to the collection cabin / buffer cabin on the ship in time by the fish sucking pump / shrimp sucking pump, the catch neither is crowded and rubbed when waiting for hauling in the net, nor is squeezed and damaged when hauling in the net, thereby improving the freshness and quality of the catch, the catch gathers in the net bag and is continuously extracted and transported to the ship by the fish sucking pump / shrimp sucking pump, and the input flow of the catch handling / processing system on the ship is stable, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability and continuity of the work of the catch handling / processing system on the ship.
[0096] The embodiments of the specific embodiment are the preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the protection scope of the utility model, so that: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A fishing device, characterized in that, It includes a zero-buoyancy hollow hose, a net module, a pump suction module, a power module, and a control module. The zero-buoyancy hollow hose is installed on the net module, and the net module includes a net opening, a net body, and a net bag. The control module is connected to both the power module and the pump module. The power module is connected to the pump module and provides power to the pump module. The control module is used to adjust various parameters of the pump module. One end of the zero-buoyancy hollow hose is connected to the pump suction module on the ship, and the other end extends through the net body to the net bag at the end of the net body. The suction force generated by the pump suction module transports the fish and shrimp catch from the net bag at the end of the net body to the catch collection tank on the ship.
2. The fishing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the net bag is equipped with a suction pipe that is connected to the zero-buoyancy hollow hose, and the suction pipe is used to extract the catch.
3. A fishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pump suction module is one of a centrifugal water pump, a single-tank vacuum pump, or a multi-tank vacuum pump.
4. A fishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module is either a hydraulic power system or an electric system.