Flow equalizing and guiding device for inlet flue of waste heat boiler
By installing four sets of flow equalization and diversion devices and baffles in the inlet flue of the waste heat boiler, the problem of uneven airflow distribution was solved, the waste heat recovery efficiency and equipment life were improved, and the stability and safety of operation were ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520904877.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-05-08
AI Technical Summary
The uneven airflow distribution in the inlet flue of existing waste heat boilers leads to problems such as low heat exchange efficiency, short equipment lifespan, and high safety hazards.
A flow equalization and guiding device for the inlet flue of a waste heat boiler is designed. By combining four sets of flow equalization and guiding devices and baffles, the flue gas can be evenly distributed in the flue. The device includes the first to fourth flow equalization and guiding devices, each with a specific angle and spacing, and adapts to thermal expansion through fixed and movable sleeves.
It significantly improves waste heat recovery efficiency, extends equipment lifespan, enhances operational stability, reduces equipment maintenance frequency and safety hazards, and has a simple structure that is easy to install.
Smart Images
Figure CN223954132U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a waste heat boiler equipment technical field, specifically a waste heat boiler import flue flow uniformity guiding device. BACKGROUND
[0002] As the core equipment of industrial waste heat recovery, waste heat boiler converts the waste heat generated in various industrial production processes into steam to realize efficient utilization of energy. During the operation of the waste heat boiler, the uniformity of airflow distribution in the inlet flue directly affects the heat exchange efficiency, operation stability and equipment life of the boiler.
[0003] The existing waste heat boiler inlet flue adopts a simple straight cylinder or a turning structure, lacks effective airflow homogenization and guiding measures, and thus the high-speed flue gas entering the flue is prone to form an uneven flow field. Specifically, the high-speed airflow concentrates on the heat receiving surface area, causing the local heat load of the heat exchange pipe surface to be too high, aggravating the fatigue loss of the pipe material and increasing the risk of high-temperature failure; the area with low flow rate is prone to heat retention, resulting in insufficient heat exchange between the flue gas and the heat receiving surface, and significantly reducing the waste heat recovery efficiency. In addition, the pressure fluctuation in the flue caused by uneven airflow distribution also induces vibration of the flue and related equipment, which adversely affects the structural strength, thereby increasing the equipment maintenance cost and safety operation risk.
[0004] If the waste heat boiler is operated under the condition of uneven airflow distribution for a long time, it will face multiple problems such as decreased heat exchange efficiency and increased frequency of heat exchange pipe damage, which seriously reduces the service life and heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat boiler.
[0005] Therefore, it is of great significance to design an inlet flue that can uniformly and stably guide the flue gas to reach the boiler heat receiving surface uniformly and stably, which can improve the overall performance of the waste heat boiler and the industrial waste heat recovery efficiency. SUMMARY
[0006] The utility model aims at overcoming the defects in the above background technology, and provides a waste heat boiler inlet flue flow uniformity guiding device, which should have the functions of uniformly and stably guiding the airflow in the inlet flue, and have the characteristics of simple structure and convenient use.
[0007] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:
[0008] A waste heat boiler inlet flue flow uniformity guiding device is arranged in the waste heat boiler inlet flue, characterized in that: the flow uniformity guiding device comprises first and second flow uniformity guiding devices symmetrically arranged about the center line of the waste heat boiler inlet flue and installed on the front side, and third and fourth flow uniformity guiding devices symmetrically arranged about the center line of the flue and installed on the rear side.
[0009] The first flow equalizing device comprises a plurality of first flow equalizing pipes arranged at equal intervals by a first flow equalizing pipe partition, a plurality of first spoiler plates arranged axially on the first flow equalizing pipes, a first fixed sleeve fixed on the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler and sleeved with one end of at least two first flow equalizing pipes, and a first movable sleeve fixed on the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler and sleeved with the other end of at least two first flow equalizing pipes.
[0010] The axes of the plurality of first flow equalizing pipes in the first flow equalizing device are coplanar and form an acute angle with the center line of the flue in a direction opposite to the flue gas; the second flow equalizing device is the same in structure as the first flow equalizing device and is V-shaped symmetric about the center line of the flue.
[0011] The third flow equalizing device and the fourth flow equalizing device are the same in structure as the first flow equalizing device; and the third flow equalizing device and the fourth flow equalizing device are V-shaped symmetric about the center line of the flue.
[0012] The angle β formed between the first flow equalizing device and the second flow equalizing device is 60-120 degrees, and the angle α formed between the third flow equalizing device and the fourth flow equalizing device is 90-150 degrees.
[0013] The distance j between the first flow equalizing pipe inside the first flow equalizing device and the center line of the flue is 0.2-0.5 m, and the distance n between the first flow equalizing pipe and the inlet of the flue of the waste heat boiler is 1.50-2.50 m; the distance j between the second flow equalizing pipe inside the second flow equalizing device and the center line of the flue is 0.2-0.5 m, and the distance n between the second flow equalizing pipe and the inlet of the flue of the waste heat boiler is 1.50-2.50 m.
[0014] The reference flow equalizing pipe is horizontally arranged and the axis thereof is on the center line of the flue, and the distance m between the axis and the inlet of the flue is 2.50-3.50 m.
[0015] The axis of each flow equalizing pipe in the third flow equalizing device is coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalizing pipe, and the axis of each flow equalizing pipe in the fourth flow equalizing device is coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalizing pipe.
[0016] In the first flow equalizing device and the second flow equalizing device, the distance f between each adjacent flow equalizing pipe is 0.3-1 m.
[0017] In the third flow equalizing device and the fourth flow equalizing device, the distance h between each adjacent flow equalizing pipe is 0.3-1 m; and the distance h between the reference flow equalizing pipe and the third flow equalizing device and the fourth flow equalizing device is 0.3-1 m.
[0018] The first spoiler plates in the first flow equalization device are divided into several groups distributed along the axis of the first flow equalization pipe; the several first spoiler plates in each group are arranged parallel to the generatrix of the first flow equalization pipe and fixed annularly on the outer circumferential surface of the first flow equalization pipe; the spoiler plate structures in the second flow equalization device, the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device are the same as the first spoiler plates.
[0019] In the first flow equalization device, two adjacent first flow equalization pipes are connected with the first fixed sleeve and the first movable sleeve, and the other first flow equalization pipe is connected with the first flow equalization device through the first flow pipe partition; the flow equalization pipe structures in the second flow equalization device, the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device are the same as the first flow equalization pipe.
[0020] The inlet flue of the waste heat boiler is a square funnel structure with a narrow front and a wide rear.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0022] 1. Improve the waste heat recovery efficiency
[0023] The four groups of flow equalization devices (different angles, spacing and position arrangement) equalize the high-speed flue gas entering the flue, destroy the uneven flow field on the cross section of the flue, i.e. high flow speed in the center and low flow speed around, and make the flue gas reach the heating surface at a more uniform speed and flow state, avoiding the slow flow speed of the flue gas in some areas of the flue, which leads to heat retention, so as to ensure that the flue gas and the heat exchange pipe fully exchange heat, and significantly improve the waste heat recovery efficiency.
[0024] 2. Extend the service life of the equipment
[0025] The design of the flow equalization device and the spoiler plate can gradually reduce the flow speed of the flue gas in the flue, avoid direct scouring of the flue gas on the heat exchange pipe inside the waste heat boiler, reduce the risk of pipe material fatigue or high-temperature failure, and significantly extend the service life of the heat exchange pipe and related equipment.
[0026] 3. Improve the operation stability
[0027] Uniform airflow distribution reduces the pressure oscillation caused by uneven flow speed in the flue, reduces the vibration risk of the flue and the equipment, improves the stability of the entire system operation, reduces the adverse effects of pressure fluctuation on structural strength, and reduces the equipment maintenance frequency and safety hazards.
[0028] 4. Structure optimization
[0029] Fixed sleeve and movable sleeve combination: the fixed sleeve at one end fixes the flue and the flow guide pipe, and the movable sleeve at the other end allows the flow guide pipe to freely expand under high temperature, avoiding the problem of flue lining rupture caused by thermal expansion and contraction of materials, and balancing the rigidity and environmental adaptability of the whole device.
[0030] Spoiler assisted flow guide: the spoiler realizes the flow disturbance effect on high-speed flue gas through a simple structure, disperses the flue gas to homogenize the flue gas, and further improves the durability of the flow guide device.
[0031] Modular arrangement: four sets of devices are designed differently (angle, spacing, number of flow guide pipes), and are assembled differently according to the flow rate of flue gas in different areas, and the structure is simple and convenient to manufacture and install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0032] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the utility model (omitting each flow guide pipe baffle and each spoiler).
[0033] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A-A sectional view structural schematic diagram of (only retaining the second flow guide device).
[0034] Figure 3 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the first flow guide device in the embodiment of the utility model (clockwise rotation of 90 degrees).
[0035] Figure 4 is the bottom view structural schematic diagram of the second flow guide device in the embodiment of the utility model (counterclockwise rotation of 90 degrees).
[0036] Figure 5 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the third flow guide device in the embodiment of the utility model (clockwise rotation of 90 degrees).
[0037] Figure 6 is the bottom view structural schematic diagram of the fourth flow guide device in the embodiment of the utility model (counterclockwise rotation of 90 degrees).
[0038] REFERENCE NUMERALS:
[0039] Waste heat boiler inlet flue 1, first flow guide device 2, second flow guide device 3, third flow guide device 4, fourth flow guide device 5; reference flow guide pipe 6.
[0040] First flow guide pipe 2a, first flow guide pipe baffle 2b, first spoiler 2c, first fixed sleeve 2d, first movable sleeve 2e;
[0041] Second flow guide pipe 3a, second flow guide pipe baffle 3b, second spoiler 3c, second fixed sleeve 3d, second movable sleeve 3e;
[0042] The third flow equalization guide pipe 4a, the third flow equalization pipe baffle 4b, the third baffle 4c, the third fixed sleeve 4d, and the third movable sleeve 4e;
[0043] Fourth flow equalization guide pipe 5a, fourth flow equalization pipe baffle 5b, fourth baffle 5c, fourth fixed sleeve 5d, fourth movable sleeve 5e. Detailed Implementation
[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown (definition) Figure 1 The right side is the front, perpendicular to Figure 1 (See figure, with the outward direction being to the right), a flow equalization and guiding device for the inlet flue of a waste heat boiler, comprising a first flow equalization and guiding device 2, a second flow equalization and guiding device 3, a third flow equalization and guiding device 4, and a fourth flow equalization and guiding device 5 installed in the flue of the waste heat boiler 1.
[0046] The first and second flow equalization devices are V-shaped symmetrical about the center line of the flue, with the included angle formed by the symmetry facing away from the air inlet. The angle of the included angle is β (ranging from 60 degrees to 120 degrees, preferably 90 degrees in this embodiment). The third and fourth flow equalization devices are V-shaped symmetrical about the center line of the flue, with the included angle formed by the symmetry facing away from the air inlet. The angle of the included angle is α (ranging from 90 degrees to 150 degrees, preferably 120 degrees in this embodiment), and they are arranged behind the first and second flow equalization devices.
[0047] The waste heat boiler flue is a square funnel structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the back. A flue inlet with a uniform cross-sectional shape is located at the front of the waste heat boiler flue, through which the flue gas enters the waste heat boiler flue. According to the basic principles of fluid mechanics, the flue gas diffuses from the narrow flue inlet to the larger volume of the waste heat boiler flue, and the flow velocity of the flue gas will decrease.
[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the first flow equalization and diversion device includes a first flow equalization and diversion pipe 2a, a first flow equalization pipe baffle 2b, a first baffle 2c, a first fixed sleeve 2d, and a first movable sleeve 2e.
[0049] A plurality of (preferably 4) first flow uniformizing guide pipes are arranged at equal intervals f (f is in the range of 0.3m-1m, and in the embodiment, 0.390m is preferred). The distance between the inner side (i.e. the side close to the flue center line) of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe and the flue center line is j (j is in the range of 0.2m-0.5m, and in the embodiment, 0.216m is preferred). The distance between the inner side of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe and the flue inlet is n (n is in the range of 1.50m-2.50m, and in the embodiment, 2.20m is preferred).
[0050] The first fixed sleeve is welded to the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler, and one end of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe is fixedly sleeved; the first movable sleeve is welded to the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler on the opposite side, and the other end of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe is movably sleeved, so that a gap exists between the first movable sleeve and the first flow uniformizing guide pipe. When the first flow uniformizing guide pipe is heated and expands, the first flow uniformizing guide pipe can expand and elongate in the first movable sleeve, so as to avoid the problem of flue lining rupture caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction. At the same time, only one of the two adjacent first flow uniformizing guide pipes is connected with the first fixed sleeve and the first movable sleeve, and the other first flow uniformizing guide pipe is connected with the first flow uniformizing guide device as a whole through the first flow uniformizing guide plate. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, in the first flow uniformizing guide device, the two ends of at least two first flow uniformizing guide pipes are connected with the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler through the first fixed sleeve and the first movable sleeve, so as to optimize the structure and installation process of the device under the premise of ensuring the reliability of the structure.
[0051] A plurality of (preferably 5) first flow uniformizing guide plates are arranged in parallel on the upper and lower sides, and a plurality of positioning holes are arranged at equal intervals on the first flow uniformizing guide plate and fixedly sleeved with the first flow uniformizing guide pipe; a plurality of first spoiler plates are arranged along the axial direction on the outer wall of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe, and the first spoiler plates play a role in dispersing flue gas, so as to make the flue gas entering the flue of the waste heat boiler uniform. The first spoiler plates are divided into a plurality of groups distributed along the axial direction of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe; a plurality of first spoiler plates in each group are arranged in parallel to the generatrix of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe and fixed in a ring shape on the outer circumferential surface of the first flow uniformizing guide pipe. The length of the first spoiler plate and the height of the first spoiler plate protruding from the first flow uniformizing guide pipe can be determined as needed.
[0052] The structures of the second flow uniformizing guide device, the third flow uniformizing guide device and the fourth flow uniformizing guide device are the same as those of the first flow uniformizing guide device.
[0053] As shown in the figure, Figure 4As shown in the drawings, the second flow equalizing device comprises a second flow equalizing pipe 3a, a second flow equalizing pipe partition plate 3b, a second spoiler 3c, a second fixed sleeve 3d and a second movable sleeve 3e. The second flow equalizing pipes are arranged at equal intervals f (f is in the range of 0.3m-1m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 0.390m). The distance between the inner side of the second flow equalizing pipe and the center line of the flue is j (j is in the range of 0.2m-0.5m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 0.216m). The distance between the inner side of the second flow equalizing pipe and the flue inlet is n (n is in the range of 1.50m-2.50m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 2.20m).
[0054] The reference flow equalizing pipe 6 is horizontally arranged with the axis on the center line of the flue, and the distance between the reference flow equalizing pipe and the flue inlet is m (m is in the range of 2.50m-3.50m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 3.20m). The reference flow equalizing pipe has the same structure as the first flow equalizing pipe and is connected to the third flow equalizing device through the third flow equalizing pipe partition plate 4b. The axes of the flow equalizing pipes in the third flow equalizing device are coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalizing pipe, and the axes of the flow equalizing pipes in the fourth flow equalizing device are coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalizing pipe.
[0055] As shown in the drawings, Figure 5 The third flow equalizing device has the same structure as the first flow equalizing device, comprising a third flow equalizing pipe 4a, a third flow equalizing pipe partition plate 4b, a third spoiler 4c, a third fixed sleeve 4d and a third movable sleeve 4e. The third flow equalizing pipes are arranged at equal intervals h and maintain a distance h (h is in the range of 0.3m-1m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 0.450m) from the reference flow equalizing pipe.
[0056] As shown in the drawings, Figure 6 The fourth flow equalizing device has the same structure as the first flow equalizing device, comprising a fourth flow equalizing pipe 5a, a fourth flow equalizing pipe partition plate 5b, a fourth spoiler 5c, a fourth fixed sleeve 5d and a fourth movable sleeve 5e. The fourth flow equalizing pipes are arranged at equal intervals h and maintain a distance h (h is in the range of 0.3m-1m, and the preferred value in the embodiment is 0.450m) from the reference flow equalizing pipe.
[0057] The four sets of devices are designed differently in terms of angle, distance and number of flow equalizing pipes, and are assembled differently according to the flow rates of the flue gas in different regions, so as to balance the flow rate and distribution of the flue gas in the entire flue and significantly improve the waste heat recovery efficiency of the device.
[0058] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:
[0059] In work, flue gas enters the flue of the waste heat boiler from the flue gas inlet, the design of the flue with the front narrow and the rear wide reduces the flow speed of the flue gas entering the flue of the waste heat boiler; the two V-shaped structures formed by the first flow uniformizing and guiding device, the second flow uniformizing and guiding device, the third flow uniformizing and guiding device and the fourth flow uniformizing and guiding device in the flue preliminarily homogenize the flue gas, the spoiler on the flow uniformizing and guiding pipe further disperses and homogenizes the entering flue gas, and the problem that the flow speed is high at the center position of the cross section of the flue and low at the surrounding position is effectively improved. Finally, the uniform and relatively stable flue gas enters the waste heat boiler from the flue, and exchanges heat with the heat exchange pipe in the boiler.
[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specification. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.
Claims
1. A flow uniformizing and guiding device for a waste heat boiler inlet flue, which is arranged in a waste heat boiler inlet flue (1), characterized in that: The flow equalization device comprises a first flow equalization device (2) and a second flow equalization device (3) which are symmetric about the center line of the flue of the waste heat boiler and are installed on the front side, a third flow equalization device (4) and a fourth flow equalization device (5) which are symmetric about the center line of the flue and are installed on the rear side; The first flow equalization device comprises a plurality of first flow equalization pipes (2a) which are arranged at equal intervals by a first flow equalization pipe partition plate (2b), a plurality of first spoiler plates (2c) which are arranged axially on the first flow equalization pipes, a first fixed sleeve (2d) which is fixed to the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler and is fixedly sleeved with one end of at least two first flow equalization pipes, and a first movable sleeve (2e) which is fixed to the inner wall of the flue of the waste heat boiler and is movably sleeved with the other end of at least two first flow equalization pipes; The axes of the plurality of first flow equalization pipes in the first flow equalization device are coplanar and form an acute angle with the center line of the flue in a direction opposite to the flue gas direction; the second flow equalization device is the same in structure as the first flow equalization device and is V-shaped symmetric about the center line of the flue with the first flow equalization device; The third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device are the same in structure as the first flow equalization device; and the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device are V-shaped symmetric about the center line of the flue.
2. A flow uniformizing and guiding device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle (β) formed between the first flow equalization device and the second flow equalization device is 60-120 degrees, and the angle (α) formed between the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device is 90-150 degrees.
3. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that The distance (j) between the first flow equalization pipe inside the first flow equalization device and the center line of the flue is 0.2m-0.5m, and the distance (n) between the first flow equalization pipe and the inlet of the flue of the waste heat boiler is 1.50m-2.50m; the distance (j) between the second flow equalization pipe inside the second flow equalization device and the center line of the flue is 0.2m-0.5m, and the distance (n) between the second flow equalization pipe and the inlet of the flue of the waste heat boiler is 1.50m-2.50m.
4. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that The reference flow equalization pipe (6) is horizontally arranged and the axis thereof is on the center line of the flue, and the distance (m) between the axis and the inlet of the flue is 2.50m-3.50m.
5. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that The axes of the flow equalization pipes in the third flow equalization device are coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalization pipe, and the axes of the flow equalization pipes in the fourth flow equalization device are coplanar with the axis of the reference flow equalization pipe.
6. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the adjacent flow equalization pipes in the first flow equalization device and the second flow equalization device is 0.3m-1m.
7. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 6, characterized in that The distance between the adjacent flow equalization pipes in the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device is 0.3m-1m, and the distance between the reference flow equalization pipe and the third flow equalization device and the fourth flow equalization device is 0.3m-1m.
8. A flow straightening device for an inlet flue of a waste heat boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that The first spoiler plates in the first flow-equalizing flow guide device are divided into several groups distributed along the axis of the first flow-equalizing flow pipe; the several first spoiler plates in each group are arranged parallel to the generatrix of the first flow-equalizing flow pipe and fixed annularly on the outer circumferential surface of the first flow-equalizing flow pipe; the spoiler plate structures in the second flow-equalizing flow guide device, the third flow-equalizing flow guide device and the fourth flow-equalizing flow guide device are the same as the first spoiler plates.
9. A flow straightening device for a waste heat boiler inlet flue according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the first flow-equalizing flow guide device, two adjacent first flow-equalizing flow pipes are connected with the first fixed sleeve and the first movable sleeve, and the other first flow-equalizing flow pipe is connected with the first flow-equalizing flow guide device through the first flow pipe partition; the flow-equalizing flow pipe structures in the second flow-equalizing flow guide device, the third flow-equalizing flow guide device and the fourth flow-equalizing flow guide device are the same as the first flow-equalizing flow pipe.
10. A flow straightening device for a waste heat boiler inlet flue according to claim 9, characterized in that: The waste heat boiler inlet flue has a square funnel structure which is narrow in front and wide in back.