Soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment
By designing a soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environments, and using the lever principle and oxygen cylinders to provide confining pressure, the high cost and insufficient simulation of traditional test equipment are solved, and efficient and accurate creep test simulation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520382020.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Traditional soft rock creep testing equipment is costly and time-consuming, cannot accurately reproduce the creep phenomenon under the coupled action of water pressure and axial pressure, and ignores the direct effect of water on the rock, resulting in inaccurate experimental results and high costs.
A soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environments was designed. The device uses the lever principle to achieve stable and uniform loading, and combines an oxygen cylinder to provide axial confining pressure, simulating the coupling effect of water pressure and axial pressure in actual engineering. Different test requirements can be achieved by adjusting the weights and air pressure.
It achieves efficient and accurate simulation of soft rock creep tests in water-rich environments, reduces test costs, improves test efficiency and data accuracy, and realistically reproduces the creep phenomenon of rocks under water pressure and axial pressure.
Smart Images
Figure CN223955317U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to soft rock creep test technical field, concretely relates to a soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment. BACKGROUND
[0002] Soft rock exists pore, joint and fissure inside, and these microstructure differences have significant influence on its physical and mechanical properties, therefore, aiming at the physical and mechanical property research of soft rock this complex and anisotropic non-uniform material, especially the performance under water-rich environment, simulation experiment is often done to test and research relevant performance.
[0003] Traditional experimental methods are mainly divided into two kinds of field in-situ experiment and laboratory test. Although field in-situ experiment can be closer to actual engineering conditions, it depends on large experimental equipment, and the cost is high, and there are human factors and vibration damage in the sampling and transportation process, and the non-uniformity and discontinuity of rock mass, resulting in random error of experimental results. Laboratory test is more suitable for basic research, but it also faces the problems of high cost, time and effort. More importantly, traditional test often ignores the direct effect of water on rock, and cannot accurately describe the creep law of rock under water pressure environment. In addition, due to the low strength and large creep of soft rock, high-precision pressure testing machine is needed for control, and long-term stable use of the equipment is ensured. However, the traditional creep test equipment is expensive, and the test period is long, and it is not allowed to be interrupted. More importantly, the traditional test cannot truly reproduce the long-term creep phenomenon of rock under the coupling action of water pressure and axial pressure in actual engineering. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The utility model aims at providing a soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment, which can realize simple uniaxial compression creep test and long-term creep test under different gas confining pressures in dry environment during soft rock creep test, and can truly reproduce the long-term creep phenomenon of rock under the coupling action of water pressure and axial pressure in actual engineering.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment, comprising a bottom plate, the top end of the bottom plate is provided with a pressure cylinder, the first pad is arranged in the pressure cylinder, the top end of the first pad is provided with a standard soft rock sample made in advance, and the top end of the standard soft rock sample is provided with a second pad for pressing the standard soft rock sample.
[0006] The top end of the bottom plate is provided with an adjusting and pressing mechanism for adjusting the pressure of the second pad.
[0007] The adjusting and pressurizing mechanism comprises a stand column arranged at the top end of the base plate, a loading lever and a balance lever movably arranged at the top end of the stand column, a connecting frame arranged outside the loading lever, a dial gauge arranged outside the connecting frame, and a second cushion block connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame.
[0008] Preferably, the adjusting and pressurizing mechanism further comprises a step loading hook point arranged outside the loading lever, a connecting hook arranged outside the step loading hook point, and an adjusting weight arranged outside the connecting hook.
[0009] Preferably, the balance lever movably has an adjusting weight arranged outside for adjusting the balance of the loading lever and the balance lever.
[0010] Preferably, the pressure cylinder has a cavity for storing water and oxygen, and the pressure cylinder is arranged on the outer wall of a standard soft rock sample.
[0011] Preferably, the top end of the pressure cylinder is communicated with a water injection pipe, the pressure cylinder is communicated with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is below the water injection pipe.
[0012] Preferably, the top end of the base plate is fixed with a mounting frame, the mounting frame is arranged with a connecting hole at a position corresponding to the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe penetrates through the connecting hole.
[0013] Preferably, the side of the pressure cylinder is arranged with an oxygen cylinder for storing oxygen, the oxygen cylinder is arranged with an adjusting valve and a gas pressure control table, and the adjusting valve is communicated with a gas conveying pipe away from the oxygen cylinder.
[0014] Preferably, the pressure cylinder is arranged with a through hole, the gas conveying pipe penetrates through the through hole and is communicated with the cavity.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment can exert vertical load on the second cushion block through the lever principle to realize the effect of stable and uniform loading and realize the effect of vertical loading in the creep test. Oxygen is supplied through the oxygen cylinder to exert axial confining pressure on the water in the pressure cylinder, so that stable and uniform loading confining pressure is achieved, the effect of horizontal loading confining pressure in the creep test is realized. By adjusting the position of the connecting hook, the mass of the adjusting weight, and controlling the gas pressure of the oxygen cylinder, the vertical loading is continuously stepped, and different test requirements are met.
[0017] 2、The soft rock creep test device suitable for the water-rich environment ensures the uniaxial compression creep test, can truly reproduce the long-term creep phenomenon of the rock under the coupling action of water pressure and axial pressure in actual engineering, avoids long-term use of large rock mechanics test systems such as MTS815, TCM-500 and CSS-3940, effectively saves laboratory resources, and improves the efficiency of rock creep test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model Figure One .
[0019] Figure 2 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model Figure Two .
[0020] Figure 3 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model
[0021] Figure 4 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model
[0022] Figure 5 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model Figure One .
[0023] Figure 6 A soft rock creep test device suitable for a water-rich environment according to the utility model Figure Two .
[0024] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, pressure cylinder; 31, first pad; 32, second pad; 4, standard soft rock sample; 5, cavity; 6, micrometer; 7, adjusting and pressurizing mechanism; 71, stand column; 72, loading lever; 73, balance lever; 74, stage loading hook point; 75, connecting hook; 76, adjusting weight; 77, leveling weight; 78, connecting frame; 81, water injection pipe; 82, mounting frame; 83, water outlet pipe; 91, oxygen cylinder; 92, adjusting valve; 93, air pressure control table; 94, gas conveying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to further understand the characteristics, technical means and specific purposes and functions achieved by the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0026] Example one: please refer toFigures 1-5 The utility model provides a technical scheme: a soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment, including bottom plate 1, the top of bottom plate 1 is provided with pressure cylinder 2, is provided with first cushion block 31 in pressure cylinder 2, the top of first cushion block 31 is provided with the standard soft rock sample 4 made beforehand, the top of standard soft rock sample 4 is provided with the second cushion block 32 for pressing standard soft rock sample 4.
[0027] The top of bottom plate 1 is provided with the adjusting pressurizing mechanism 7 for adjusting the pressure of second cushion block 32.
[0028] Adjusting pressurizing mechanism 7 includes the stand 71 setting at the top of bottom plate 1, the top of stand 71 is movably provided with loading lever 72 and counterbalance lever 73, loading lever 72 is provided with connecting frame 78 outward, connecting frame 78 is provided with dial gauge 6 outward, and the bottom of connecting frame 78 is connected with second cushion block 32.Combination of loading lever 72 and counterbalance lever 73 can accurately control the vertical load applied to second cushion block 32, ensure that the load is stable and uniform on standard soft rock sample 4, and dial gauge 6 can monitor the deformation in real time, improve the accuracy and reliability of the test.
[0029] Further, adjusting pressurizing mechanism 7 further includes the hierarchical loading hook point 74 provided outside loading lever 72, the connecting hook 75 provided outside hierarchical loading hook point 74, and the adjusting weight 76 provided outside connecting hook 75.The design of hierarchical loading hook point 74 and connecting hook 75, combined with the use of adjusting weight 76, allows flexible adjustment of the size of vertical load as needed, meets the needs of different creep tests, and enhances the flexibility and applicability of the test.
[0030] Further, counterbalance lever 73 is movably provided with the leveling weight 77 for adjusting the balance of loading lever 72 and counterbalance lever 73.The setting of leveling weight 77 ensures the balance and stability of loading lever 72 and counterbalance lever 73 during the test, avoids errors caused by imbalance, and improves the accuracy of test data.
[0031] Further, a cavity 5 for storing water and oxygen is formed in pressure cylinder 2, and pressure cylinder 2 is arranged on the outer wall of standard soft rock sample 4.The design of cavity 5 allows pressure cylinder 2 to store water and oxygen at the same time, providing a test condition that simulates the actual water-rich environment for soft rock samples, enhancing the simulation authenticity and scientificity of the test.
[0032] Further, the top of pressure cylinder 2 is connected with a water injection pipe 81, and the pressure cylinder 2 is connected with a water outlet pipe 83, and the water outlet pipe 83 is below the water injection pipe 81.The setting of water injection pipe 81 and water outlet pipe 83 facilitates the control and management of the water level in pressure cylinder 2, ensures the stability of the water environment during the test, and improves the controllability and repeatability of the test.
[0033] Further, the top end of the base plate 1 is fixed with a mounting rack 82, and the mounting rack 82 is provided with a connecting hole at a position corresponding to the water outlet pipe 83, and the water outlet pipe 83 penetrates through the connecting hole. The design of the mounting rack 82 and the connecting hole provides stable support and positioning for the water outlet pipe 83, avoids test errors caused by shaking or mispositioning of the water outlet pipe 83, and improves the stability of the test.
[0034] Example two: please refer to Figure 6 In combination with example one, it is further obtained that an oxygen cylinder 91 for storing oxygen is arranged beside the pressure cylinder 2, an adjusting valve 92 and a gas pressure control table 93 are arranged outside the oxygen cylinder 91, and the adjusting valve 92 is communicated with a gas conveying pipe 94 away from the side of the oxygen cylinder 91. The combination of the oxygen cylinder 91, the adjusting valve 92 and the gas pressure control table 93 enables accurate control of the amount of oxygen input into the pressure cylinder 2, so as to realize accurate adjustment of the confining pressure of the soft rock sample, and enhances the accuracy and controllability of the test.
[0035] Further, a through hole is arranged in the pressure cylinder 2, and the gas conveying pipe 94 penetrates through the through hole and is communicated with the cavity 5. The design that the gas conveying pipe 94 is communicated with the cavity 5 through the through hole ensures that the oxygen can smoothly enter the cavity 5, and provides a stable and controllable oxygen environment for the soft rock sample, meeting the requirement of horizontal loading confining pressure in the creep test.
[0036] In actual operation, first, the first pad 31 is placed in the pressure cylinder 2, then the standard soft rock sample 4 prepared in advance is placed, and finally the second pad 32 is placed at the top end of the sample. Next, the balance is adjusted according to the test requirements, the leveling weight 77 on one side of the balance lever 73 for loading vertical position is adjusted to ensure the balance; then the micrometer 6 outside the connecting rack 78 is zeroed. Then, the required confining pressure is set according to the test requirements.
[0037] For different types of creep tests, the operation is as follows:
[0038] Uniaxial compression creep test: adjust the position of the connecting hook 75 and the mass of the adjusting weight 76, without adding water and opening the oxygen cylinder 91 to apply confining pressure.
[0039] Triaxial creep test in water-rich environment: adjust the position of the connecting hook 75 and the mass of the adjusting weight 76 as well, but seal the water outlet pipe 83. At this time, open the adjusting valve 92 and the gas pressure control table 93, and let the oxygen in the oxygen cylinder 91 out to apply the required confining pressure.
[0040] Triaxial creep test in water-rich environment: adjust the position of the connecting hook 75 and the mass of the weight 76, open the water outlet pipe 83, connect the external water source to the cavity 5 until the volume of the pressure cylinder 2 is more than 95%, at the same time, open the adjusting valve 92 of the oxygen cylinder 91, and apply the confining pressure according to the test requirements under the adjustment of the gas pressure control table 93.
[0041] The above steps realize the setting of different creep compression tests.
[0042] The above embodiments only express one or several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A soft rock creep test device suitable for use in a water-rich environment, comprising a base plate (1), a pressure cylinder (2) being arranged at the top end of the base plate (1), characterized in that: The first pad (31) is arranged in the pressure cylinder (2), the top end of the first pad (31) is provided with a standard soft rock sample (4) made in advance, and the top end of the standard soft rock sample (4) is provided with a second pad (32) for pressing the standard soft rock sample (4); The top end of the bottom plate (1) is provided with an adjusting and pressing mechanism (7) for adjusting the pressure of the second pad (32); The adjusting and pressing mechanism (7) comprises a stand (71) arranged at the top end of the bottom plate (1), the top end of the stand (71) movably arranged with a loading lever (72) and a balance lever (73), the loading lever (72) is provided with a connecting frame (78) outside, the connecting frame (78) is provided with a micrometer (6) outside, and the bottom end of the connecting frame (78) is connected with the second pad (32). 2.The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting and pressing mechanism (7) further comprises a stepped loading hook point (74) arranged outside the loading lever (72), the stepped loading hook point (74) is provided with a connecting hook (75) outside, and the connecting hook (75) is provided with an adjusting weight (76) outside. 3.The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance lever (73) movably arranged with an adjusting weight (77) outside for adjusting the balance of the loading lever (72) and the balance lever (73).
4. The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder (2) is provided with a cavity (5) for storing water and oxygen, and the pressure cylinder (2) is arranged outside the standard soft rock sample (4). 5.The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the pressure cylinder (2) is communicated with a water injection pipe (81), the pressure cylinder (2) is communicated with a water outlet pipe (83), and the water outlet pipe (83) is below the water injection pipe (81). 6.The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the bottom plate (1) is fixed with a mounting frame (82), the mounting frame (82) is provided with a connecting hole at the corresponding position of the water outlet pipe (83), and the water outlet pipe (83) penetrates the connecting hole.
7. The soft rock creep test device suitable for use in water-rich environments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the pressure cylinder (2) is provided with an oxygen cylinder (91) for storing oxygen, the oxygen cylinder (91) is provided with an adjusting valve (92) and a gas pressure control table (93) outside, and the adjusting valve (92) is communicated with a gas conveying pipe (94) away from the side of the oxygen cylinder (91). 8.The soft rock creep test device suitable for water-rich environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder (2) is provided with a through hole, the gas conveying pipe (94) penetrates the through hole and is communicated with the cavity (5).