Impermeable plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy project underground structure walls, in particular to an anti-seepage plate which comprises a body, the body comprises a plate-shaped main plate and wing plates arranged on the two sides of the main plate, and the wing plates are provided with connecting plates, and the anti-seepage plate is characterized in that anchor rods extending in the length direction of the main plate are arranged on the surface of the main plate; the anchor rod comprises a main rod and a connecting part, and the connecting part is connected with the main rod and the main plate. According to the anchor rod, on one hand, the structural strength of the main plate can be enhanced, the stability of the anti-seepage plate is enhanced, the anti-seepage plate can still be used independently without being supported by H-shaped steel, wood piles and the like, and the use cost and the construction process cost are reduced; the anchor rod can penetrate into soil or an underground cement continuous wall to be tightly combined with surrounding soil, displacement or deformation of the anti-seepage plate is effectively prevented, separation of two interfaces during stratum disturbance is reduced, and therefore the overall anti-seepage efficiency and stability are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground structural wall technology for water conservancy projects, and in particular to a seepage-proof board. Background Technology

[0002] During frequent extreme weather events, continuous heavy rainfall and prolonged high water levels pose a serious threat to dikes. How to upgrade or improve the existing seepage prevention system of dikes along the main streams of important river basins to address potential safety hazards caused by seepage in earthen dikes during high water levels, minimize major risks such as piping and dam failure due to seepage, and ensure the stability of important dikes and the safety of critical infrastructure has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] For seepage prevention in dams, plastic steel sheet piles are typically driven into the water-side of the dam to isolate the river from the dam. Patent publication number TW201329316A discloses a (metal) clamping device suitable for the shape of plastic steel sheet piles. This device clamps the sheet piles while simultaneously driving them into the ground with a pile driver. The clamping device is then pulled out separately, leaving the sheet piles embedded in the soil. This method provides permanent isolation for newly constructed river channels and waterways, acting as retaining walls, water-retaining walls, and breakwaters. However, it presents significant installation difficulties for existing dams and struggles to protect against the damage caused by prolonged high water levels.

[0004] Flood-control plastic-coated steel sheet piles typically improve their impermeability by increasing their thickness and strength. For example, the flood-control ecological sheet pile disclosed in Chinese utility model patent CN217923505U has an exposed surface designed as an arc, with a first and second protrusion to enhance structural strength. Sealing strips are also added to the C-type and T-type locking parts to achieve better sealing. While this flood-control sheet pile possesses strong flood-control structure, its overall thickness is significant, making it difficult to drive into the ground, and its long-term monitoring capabilities are insufficient, hindering real-time monitoring of the dike's condition.

[0005] Currently, directly driving PVC sheet piles into the ground using pile drivers can easily damage the piles and makes them unsuitable for complex and variable geological conditions. Long-term use may also lead to displacement, affecting their seepage prevention performance. Furthermore, over 90% of PVC sheet pile applications involve concealed works, making objective monitoring of their condition within the project area impossible. Excavation and inspection would severely damage existing structures, and monitoring and maintenance are inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address one or more problems existing in existing plastic steel sheet piles and plastic steel sheet pile walls, this new invention provides a seepage-proof board. By setting anchor rods, the seepage-proof board can be stably bonded to the surrounding soil or underground continuous wall. With the addition of optical fibers, the seepage-proof board has detection points that can detect the status of the seepage-proof board, enabling timely maintenance and reducing major risks such as piping and dam failure caused by seepage in the dike.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a seepage-proof board, comprising a body, the body including a plate-shaped main board and wing plates disposed on both sides of the main board, the wing plates being provided with connecting plates, characterized in that the surface of the main board is provided with anchor rods extending along the length direction of the main board, the anchor rods including a main rod and a connecting part, the connecting part connecting the main rod and the main board.

[0009] The anchor bolts in this application strengthen the main structure and enhance the stability of the geomembrane, allowing it to be used independently even without the support of H-beams, wooden piles, etc., thus reducing usage and construction costs. The anchor bolts penetrate deep into the soil or underground continuous cement wall, bonding tightly with the surrounding soil to effectively prevent displacement or deformation of the geomembrane, reducing separation of the two interfaces during ground disturbance, thereby enhancing overall seepage prevention efficiency and stability.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional width of the main rod is greater than the cross-sectional width of the connecting portion. The larger cross-sectional area of ​​the main rod provides effective anchoring, preventing soil erosion and improving seepage prevention, while also ensuring greater stability of the seepage barrier under complex geological conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the main rod is greater than twice the width of the connecting part. A groove structure is formed between the connecting part and the main rod to facilitate the installation of optical fibers and other monitoring sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the device includes optical fibers, with multiple optical fibers distributed on the outer surface and / or interior of the body, the optical fibers extending downward along the length of the body, for detecting changes in the body and / or its surrounding environment.

[0013] This novel invention embeds optical fibers within the seepage barrier panel. These fibers collect data on stress changes within the panel, as well as thermal radiation and vibration fluctuations in the surrounding water. This allows for the determination of environmental changes and the identification of potential leaks. The integrated optical fibers form a permanent seepage monitoring system, enabling long-term intelligent monitoring of dam construction and ensuring timely detection and prevention of potential leaks.

[0014] Preferably, the material includes optical fibers embedded within the body, integrally formed with it. During the extrusion manufacturing process of the geomembrane, the optical fibers are implanted to form an integrated structure, ensuring a tight bond between the fibers and the geomembrane material, thus preventing damage during long-term use.

[0015] Preferably, the outer layer of the optical fiber is covered with a heat insulation layer, a reinforcement layer, and a protective layer. The protection provided by aramid fibers, a Teflon sheath, a heat insulation layer, and a reinforcement layer ensures that the optical fiber is not damaged by factors such as temperature or stress during implantation.

[0016] Preferably, an optical fiber is installed between the main rod and the main board, near the connection point. If leakage occurs around the seepage barrier, it will create noticeable soil unevenness and concentrated seepage on both sides of the anchor rod. The anchor rod will exert a lever effect under stress. With the anchor rod and optical fiber working together, the water and soil changes around the anchor rod can be more easily captured by the optical fiber sensor, thus enabling effective monitoring of dam seepage.

[0017] Preferably, the connection includes at least one mounting groove for fixing the optical fiber, the mounting groove being adapted to the size of the optical fiber. The anchor bolt provides effective protection for the optical fiber, preventing it from being damaged by the soil layer during the driving of the impermeable sheet into the ground.

[0018] Preferably, the optical fiber is bonded to the surface of the body using an adhesive. The optical fiber is protected by a steel wire layer and then wrapped with a polymer material on the outer layer. The adhesive allows for direct modification of existing geotextiles or plastic-steel sheet piles, and also enables rapid and intelligent modification of newly manufactured geotextiles, ensuring that the optical fiber is unaffected by temperature and stress. Water-resistant and anti-aging materials can be used as the adhesive.

[0019] Preferably, the connecting plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate. The first connecting plate includes a first end plate and a protrusion, and the second connecting plate includes a second end plate and a concave end. An optical fiber is disposed on either the first end plate or the second end plate, or on either the protrusion or the concave end. Although the protrusion and concave end are designed to fit tightly, the risk of disengagement and potential leakage points still need to be considered. Therefore, arranging optical fibers at these critical joints ensures effective monitoring of vulnerable areas.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a seepage-proof board, including a body, the body including a plate-shaped main board and wing plates disposed on both sides of the main board, the wing plates being provided with connecting plates, the main board surface being provided with anchor rods, and multiple optical fibers distributed on the outer surface and / or inside of the body, the optical fibers extending downward along the length direction of the body for detecting changes in the body and / or its surrounding environment.

[0021] Preferably, the optical fiber is embedded inside the body and integrally formed with the body.

[0022] Preferably, the optical fiber is installed at the corresponding connection point of the anchor rod to the main board. After being embedded in the main body, the optical fiber is protected by the anchor rod during production, transportation, and use, preventing excessive deformation and damage to the main body. At the same time, the effect of soil or continuous wall on the seepage barrier is amplified by the anchor rod and easily detected by the optical fiber. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-seepage board structure;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the anti-seepage board structure.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the anti-seepage board;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the narrow wall structure of an intelligent seepage-proof wall;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wide wall structure of the intelligent seepage-proof wall;

[0028] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the intelligent seepage barrier wall on the dam;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a top-down view of the intelligent seepage barrier wall on the dam.

[0030] In the diagram: 1-body, 2-main board, 3-wing plate, 4-first connecting plate, 41-first end plate, 42-protruding head, 5-second connecting plate, 51-second end plate, 52-concave head, 6-anchor rod, 61-main rod, 62-connecting part, 71-optical fiber, 72-transceiver, 10-cement wall, 20-river surface, 30-dam. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly to encompass fixed connections, detachable connections, and integral connections; these can be direct connections, indirect connections via an intermediate medium, or even refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this novel seepage-proof board includes a body 1, which includes a plate-shaped main board 2 and wing plates 3 disposed on both sides of the main board 2. One end of the wing plate 3 is connected to the main board 2 and extends outward. Connecting plates are respectively disposed at the other ends of the two wing plates 3, and the connecting plates are respectively provided with a first connecting plate 4 and a second connecting plate 5.

[0036] The first connecting plate 4 includes a first end plate 41 and a protrusion 42, and the second connecting plate 5 includes a second end plate 51 and a concave head 52. The protrusion 42 and the concave head 52 interlock with each other to realize the sequential connection and tight fixation of the seepage-proof plates.

[0037] Anchor rods 6 are provided on the main board 2. Anchor rod 6 includes a main rod 61 and a connecting part 62. The main rod 61 is typically cylindrical and extends parallel to the length of the main board 2. The connecting part 62 is responsible for connecting the main rod 61 to the main board 2. Its width is smaller than the diameter of the main rod 61, thereby ensuring that the anchor rod 6 can be securely embedded therein.

[0038] The anchor rods 6 are evenly distributed on the surface of the main plate 2 with uniform spacing to ensure balanced overall force distribution. Anchor rods 6 are also arranged on both sides of the main plate 2, staggered to form a cross-support structure, enhancing overall tensile strength. The anchor rods 6 are connected to the main plate 2 using integral extrusion molding or other integral molding technology. This design effectively enhances the overall stability of the structure and significantly extends the service life of the seepage prevention system. Sensors, with their precise monitoring capabilities and data analysis, enable the system to quickly identify and warn of potential leakage threats, ensuring long-term safe and stable operation. Furthermore, the wing plates 3 of the main body 1 are made of high-strength composite materials, enhancing their resistance to deformation while also requiring a certain degree of flexibility; therefore, the wing plates 3 can bend moderately under external force.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, the impermeable panel has a wall thickness of 9mm, an overall width of 650mm, and a length of 15m (adjustable according to project requirements). The main board 2 is 402mm long. The wing plate 3 has a width of 120mm projected onto the section perpendicular to the main board 2 and a length of 34mm projected onto the surface of the main board 2. The wing plate 3 forms an angle A with the main board 2, tanA=120 / 34. The connecting part has a width of 90mm and is parallel to the main board 2. The distance from the end of the anchor rod 6 to the side of the main board 2 is 11mm. The diameter of the main rod 61 is 9mm, and the width of the connecting part 62 is 4mm. The anchor rod 6 ensures that it can penetrate deep into the soil layer to form a firm support. The spacing of the anchor rod 6 is designed to be 80mm-90mm, which can be slightly adjusted to ensure uniform soil stress and a tight connection with the cement continuous wall.

[0040] The geomembrane itself serves as a structural support, eliminating the need for additional H-beams or foundation piles. The addition of anchor bolts enhances structural strength and improves the bond between the geomembrane and the soil, facilitating fiber optic monitoring of environmental changes. The smaller design of the wing plate 3 reduces the overall thickness of the geomembrane wall, while the overall design of the intelligent geomembrane balances rigidity and flexibility, adapting to complex geological conditions and ensuring long-term stable operation. Example 2

[0041] like Figures 2-3 As shown, sensors are installed inside the body 1, on one or both sides. The sensors are used to monitor the seepage prevention status in real time, and the data is transmitted to the central processing system to analyze the risk of leakage.

[0042] The sensor is a linear monitoring optical fiber 71. The optical fiber 71 is laid out along a preset path on the surface of the main board 2 and / or the wing plate 3 to ensure full coverage of the monitoring area.

[0043] In some embodiments, the optical fiber 71 is embedded inside the body 1. The embedding method of the optical fiber 71 is flexible and varied; it can be arranged along a pre-set channel inside the main board 2 or the wing plate 3, or it can be directly embedded during the molding process of the main board 2 or the wing plate 3. This ensures a tight connection between the optical fiber 71 and the body 1, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of monitoring. The monitoring optical fiber selected for the sensor is a miniature fixed-point dense distributed strain sensing optical cable. In this embodiment, by embedding the optical fiber, i.e., co-extruded into the impermeable plate, a dense strain sensing optical fiber can be used to monitor the stress on the plate. Of course, the optical fiber can also be pasted on the outer surface of the impermeable plate. The optical fiber arrangement has high sensitivity and durability, ensuring long-term stable data transmission.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the optical fiber is positioned at the corresponding connection point between the anchor rod and the main board, i.e., the anchor rod connects to the surface of the main board, while the optical fiber is typically positioned at the center of the main board. The manufacturing process of the intelligent seepage-proof board is as follows:

[0045] After the raw materials are mixed evenly in the premixing bin according to the material ratio, they are sent to the powder bin by the elevator. The special glass fiber granules and powder are mixed a second time. The mixture is then transported to the production line through the tubular chain system. The feeding speed is controlled by the die head to feed the raw materials into the extruder.

[0046] Before feeding, the extruder raises the temperature to the production temperature. After the mixture enters the extruder, it is heated and softened in the extruder to fuse the reinforcing glass fiber with the raw material. The reinforcing glass fiber has a dedicated channel and is located in the area with the greatest tensile and bending stress in the impermeable board. It is formed in a concentrated area and fed into the extrusion die by rotating the screw.

[0047] The extrusion die creates a channel, allowing the embedded optical fiber to be co-extruded and integrated with the sheet pile during the extrusion of the PVC sheet. After forming, the sheet pile is sent to a shaping mold for cooling and heat dissipation via cold water, thus solidifying the PVC sheet. The outer layer of the optical fiber requires a heat insulation layer and a reinforcement layer to protect the internal fiber bundle, before being further co-extruded and integrated with the sheet pile. The outer layer of the optical fiber is wrapped with a heat insulation layer and a reinforcement layer, such as aramid fiber, Teflon, and a metal sheath, to enhance strength and heat insulation.

[0048] By arranging glass fibers in an orderly manner and utilizing their excellent tensile properties in the longitudinal direction, the tensile strength of the geomembrane is significantly improved; increasing the proportion of glass fibers can increase the tensile strength by 200%.

[0049] Within the strata, the vertical section of the geotextile is subjected to forces such as soil pressure and water pressure. When the geotextile deforms due to these forces, the internal optical fibers transmit signals to a transceiver 72 at the top. This transceiver 72 is connected to the optical fibers and can both transmit and receive signals, acting as a connector for one or more optical fibers. By analyzing these signals, a stress distribution map can be constructed, and changes in water level can be monitored, thus displaying stress comparisons. When a sudden change in stress occurs, the system can issue an alert report. For example, distributed optical fiber temperature sensing technology has been used to monitor seepage in rockfill dams, accurately locating seepage points through long-term monitoring and data analysis.

[0050] In other embodiments, the optical fiber 71 of the sensor is fixed to the surface of the motherboard 2, and the optical fiber can be an actively heated, stable vibration composite sensing optical cable. In this embodiment, the optical fiber is an actively heated, stable vibration composite sensing optical cable, and the main installation method is to attach it to the impermeable board, requiring monitoring of the process of heat radiation and vibration being conducted from one side to the other. Of course, it can also be pre-embedded in the board.

[0051] The optical fiber 71 is fixed between the main plates 2 of the anchor bolt 6. Specifically, the sensor is located near the connection portion 62 between the main plate 61 and the main plate 2. Therefore, the sensor can be fixed on the main plate 2 or the connection portion 62, or fixed between the main plate 61 and the connection portion 62, ensuring that the sensor is adequately protected while accurately monitoring the connection status between the main plate 2 and the anchor bolt 6 and its surrounding environment, providing real-time data feedback, and improving the stability and reliability of the seepage prevention system. In some embodiments, the connection portion 62 includes at least one mounting groove (not shown) for fixing the sensor, the mounting groove being adapted to the size of the sensor.

[0052] The intelligent seepage barrier is used to install surface monitoring optical fibers, which are distributed across the entire barrier surface through methods such as secondary bonding with anchor bolts. Carbon fiber cloth is impregnated with ethyl cyanoacrylate, and then the optical fiber cable is covered and fixed to the anchor bolt protrusions on the seepage barrier surface. Alternatively, other polymer materials can be used to wrap the optical fiber 71, and an outer steel wire layer can be added.

[0053] When the geomembrane is in the stratum, an optical fiber is energized at the upper end of the equipment. The optical fiber generates heat and vibrates, and the heat radiation effect and vibration fluctuations in the water are detected to calculate and analyze potential leakage points. When the geomembrane is functioning in the stratum, it isolates the soil and groundwater on both sides. During the heat and vibration conduction process, the soil and groundwater on both sides of the geomembrane form a homogeneous medium. However, once leakage occurs, water will flow through the channels of the geomembrane to both sides. The heat and vibration conducted through the water channels are significantly different from the previous state, thus allowing the leakage location to be identified. Example 3

[0054] This embodiment describes the construction process of a seepage barrier wall.

[0055] The intelligent seepage barrier also includes a cement wall 10, which can be a diaphragm wall or a cement diaphragm wall, etc. The cement diaphragm wall is closely integrated with the intelligent seepage barrier to form a dual intelligent protection system.

[0056] Step 1: Based on the equipment weight requirements of the TRD method, after accurately laying out the center line of the cutoff wall, a series of reinforcement measures, such as laying steel plates, are implemented on the construction site to ensure that the site can withstand the weight of the machinery and equipment, while ensuring the stability of the piling machine during operation. An excavator digs a working trench parallel to the center line of the cutoff wall, approximately 0.6 meters wide and more than 1.0 meter deep.

[0057] Step 2: Determine the cement dosage based on the geological survey report and pre-mix the cement slurry; during construction, adjust the cement dosage according to the soil layer distribution of each section.

[0058] Excavation fluid is injected into the bottom of the cutting box to pre-cut a certain distance of soil layer, and then the excavation is withdrawn back to the original position. The curing fluid is then used to force the soil in the original position to mix and stir, forming a continuous underground wall of equal thickness cement soil.

[0059] Step 3: Insert the high-strength intelligent seepage-proof board.

[0060] After construction has reached a certain working surface, the seepage barrier boards will be inserted. The seepage barrier boards must be inserted vertically into the cement-soil, with a verticality deviation not exceeding 1 / 300, and the insertion must be completed within 3 hours after the mixing wall construction is completed.

[0061] The intelligent seepage-proof board has multiple anchor bolts added to its surface, which is more conducive to bonding with the soil, concrete, cement soil and other media on both sides compared to the smooth surface of existing boards.

[0062] The intelligent seepage barrier technology forms a 350mm or 400mm thick cement continuous wall, which significantly reduces the wall thickness compared to the traditional cement continuous wall with a thickness of about 1m. Therefore, when it is installed on the dam, it has a less impact on the dam structure.

[0063] After a series of experiments and evaluations, it was found that cement continuous walls with a thickness of 300mm to 450mm and intelligent anti-seepage boards with a thickness of 90mm to 150mm can effectively achieve the anti-seepage function of dams, while keeping the impact on the dam structure itself at a low level.

[0064] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the main board 2 is positioned close to the seepage-proof side, and the thickness of the cement wall 10 is 350mm; or the main board 2 is alternately positioned close to or away from the seepage-proof side, and the thickness of the cement wall 10 is 400mm.

[0065] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in actual use, the intelligent seepage barrier is installed in the middle of the upper surface of the dam 30, in the middle of the cement wall 10 of the intelligent seepage barrier panel body 1, and within the range of water level changes on the river surface 20, the body 1 prevents leakage. The dam itself serves as a stable support for the intelligent seepage barrier, maintaining structural integrity under seepage-free conditions and effectively preventing the risk of dam failure.

[0066] Compared to existing technologies, this new technology: 1. After the plastic-steel sheet pile forms a wall within the soil layer, internal stress is generated. The fiber optic cable inside the sheet pile senses the compression and tension, which is received by an upper receiver and sent to an end decoder for decoding and analysis, forming a data set on the stress changes within the soil during the application of the plastic-steel sheet pile. 2. The fiber optic cable on the outer surface of the plastic-steel sheet pile is compared with the position of the moving end fiber optic cable, and stress analysis is performed to monitor relative movement. 3. Fiber optic, sound, and temperature difference monitoring equipment is installed on the outer surface of the plastic-steel sheet pile to analyze water seepage.

[0067] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the method of the present invention, and are not actually limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar methods and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impervious sheet comprising a body (1) comprising a main sheet (2) in the form of a plate and wing sheets (3) arranged on both sides of the main sheet (2), said wing sheets (3) being provided with a connecting plate, characterized in that, The main plate (2) is provided with an anchor rod (6) extending along the length direction of the main plate (2), the anchor rod (6) comprises a main rod (61) and a connecting part (62), and the connecting part (62) connects the main rod (61) and the main plate (2).

2. The impervious sheet according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional width of the main rod (61) is greater than the cross-sectional width of the connecting part (62).

3. The impervious sheet of claim 1, wherein The diameter of the main rod (61) is greater than 2 times the width of the connecting part (62).

4. The sheet of claim 1 wherein, The body (1) is provided with a plurality of optical fibers (71) distributed on the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the body (1), the optical fibers (71) extend downward along the length direction of the body (1) and are used for detecting changes in the body (1) and / or the surrounding environment.

5. The sheet of claim 1 wherein, The body (1) is provided with a plurality of optical fibers (71) embedded in the body (1) and integrally formed with the body (1).

6. A barrier sheet according to claim 5, wherein The outer layer of the optical fiber (71) is covered with a heat insulation layer, a reinforcing layer and a protective layer.

7. The sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The main rod (61) and the main plate (2) are provided with the optical fiber (71) near the connecting part (62).

8. A barrier sheet according to claim 7, wherein The connecting part (62) comprises at least one mounting groove for fixing the optical fiber (71), and the mounting groove is adapted to the size of the optical fiber (71).

9. The sheet of claim 7 wherein, The optical fiber (71) is bonded to the surface of the body (1) by an adhesive, the optical fiber (71) is protected by a steel wire layer, and a high polymer material is wrapped on the outer layer.

10. The sheet of claim 1 wherein, The connecting plate comprises a first connecting plate (4) and a second connecting plate (5), the first connecting plate (4) comprises a first end plate (41) and a convex head (42), the second connecting plate (5) comprises a second end plate (51) and a concave head (52), and the first end plate (41) or the second end plate (51) is provided with the optical fiber (71), or the convex head (42) or the concave head (52) is provided with the optical fiber (71).

11. An impervious sheet comprising a body (1) comprising a main sheet (2) in the form of a plate and wing sheets (3) arranged on both sides of the main sheet (2), said wing sheets (3) being provided with a connecting plate, characterized in that, The main plate (2) is provided with an anchor rod (6), the body (1) is provided with a plurality of optical fibers (71) distributed on the outer surface and / or the inner surface of the body (1), the optical fibers (71) extend downward along the length direction of the body (1) and are used for detecting changes in the body (1) and / or the surrounding environment.

12. The sheet of claim 11, wherein The optical fiber (71) is embedded in the body (1) and integrally formed with the body (1).

13. The sheet of claim 12, wherein The optical fiber (71) is arranged on the anchor rod (6) at the connecting position of the main plate (2).

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