Conversion anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure
By introducing a transition layer and structural anchors into the external wall insulation structure, the problems of easy detachment and water leakage of the insulation layer are solved, and a stable connection between the insulation layer and the base wall is achieved. This method is suitable for both new and renovated buildings, meets the requirements for structural reinforcement, and reduces construction costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing external wall insulation structures, the bonding between the insulation layer and the base wall is not tight and the anchoring is not firm, which leads to problems such as easy detachment and water leakage. The risk is even higher in old buildings undergoing renovation when the load increases.
The building adopts a conversion anchoring type exterior wall insulation structure. A conversion layer is set between the insulation board and the building exterior wall. The structural anchors and insulation board anchors are used to connect with the conversion layer to form a stable wall structure. High-strength materials are cast on site to achieve 100% bonding, eliminating gaps and slippage risks.
It achieves 100% adhesion between the insulation layer and the base wall, eliminating the risk of detachment and water leakage, meeting the requirements of structural reinforcement specifications, and is suitable for both new and existing buildings. It is easy to construct and has a low cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223964026U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a conversion anchoring type building exterior wall insulation structure, belonging to the field of exterior wall insulation and building energy conservation technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the gradual improvement of building energy efficiency standards, the thickness of external wall insulation layers is increasing, and the anchoring requirements between the insulation layer and the base wall are also increasing year by year. Whether it is the energy-saving renovation of the exterior walls of existing buildings or the laying of insulation layers in new buildings, the problem of increased additional load on the building walls is faced. Therefore, the anchoring between the insulation layer and the base wall is an important technical measure that involves the overall building quality and safety.
[0003] Existing external wall insulation structural forms and construction techniques:
[0004] 1. Thin plastering process: The insulation layer is fully laid on the exterior wall of the building and bonded to the exterior wall. At the same time, the insulation nails are deeply embedded in the base wall for anchoring, which is commonly known as the bonding and anchoring process. After the insulation layer is fully bonded to the wall, plastering is performed to level it, and then the finishing is applied.
[0005] 2. Adhesive-anchored composite insulation board process: The insulation layer is first bonded to the rigid decorative panel to form a composite insulation board. During construction, the middle surface of the insulation board is spot-bonded to the wall, and the surrounding decorative panel is then anchored to the wall.
[0006] Technical defects of existing external wall insulation structures and construction techniques:
[0007] 1. Rock wool thin plastering process:
[0008] For new buildings: the standard requires that the bonding surface between the insulation layer and the wall be 70%, that is, there are gaps between the insulation layer and the wall, which increases the wind pressure and makes it very easy for water to leak; the insulation nails anchored to the wall are expansion bolts, that is, the anchoring section is a plastic sleeve, which is prone to slippage and deformation, and can easily cause the insulation layer to fall off.
[0009] For renovated buildings: The addition of a new insulation layer increases the external load on the original insulation layer, making it more prone to the overall detachment of the insulation layer; the insulation nails anchored to the base wall are still plastic expansion bolts, which are longer and have a greater external load, making the base anchor section more prone to slippage and deformation, thus making the insulation layer more likely to detach.
[0010] 2. External insulation board process: Whether it is a new building or an old building renovation, the gap between the insulation layer and the base wall is more and larger when using the spot bonding process, which is more likely to generate adverse additional wind loads; the same problem of easy detachment can also occur when using expansion bolts to anchor to the base wall.
[0011] In summary, the core flaw of the original process lies in the series of problems caused by the poor adhesion between the insulation layer and the base wall and the weak anchoring. Spot bonding will inevitably produce gaps, while expansion bolt anchors are a post-anchoring process, which will inevitably lead to slippage and deformation. Summary of the Invention
[0012] This utility model provides a conversion-anchored building exterior wall insulation structure, which is suitable for both new and existing building walls, and solves the common problem of easy detachment of building exterior wall insulation layers.
[0013] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a conversion anchoring type building exterior wall insulation structure, installed on the outside of the building exterior wall, including an insulation board and a finishing layer, with a conversion layer between the insulation board and the building exterior wall, the conversion layer being connected to the building exterior wall by structural anchors, the conversion layer being a field-cast molding structure; the structural anchors include a nail head, a nail body, and a nail cap, the nail head being deeply embedded in the building exterior wall and firmly bonded to the wall, the nail body being threaded, and the nail head being a T-shaped nail cap located within the conversion layer.
[0014] The insulation board includes insulation material, a backing plate, and a film. The backing plate is composite molded with the insulation material, and the backing plate has pre-drilled holes for strengthening the bonding and anchoring force.
[0015] A leveling layer is provided between the outer side of the insulation board and the finishing layer.
[0016] The insulation board is equipped with insulation board anchor nails, each of which includes an insulation nail rod, an insulation nail head, and an insulation nail cap. The insulation nail rod passes through the insulation board and is inserted into the transition layer, with threads on the top. The insulation nail cap is disc-shaped and is located in the leveling layer on the outer layer of the insulation board. The insulation nail head is a dumbbell structure with internal threads. The insulation nail head and the insulation nail rod are combined to press the insulation board tightly, and the height of the insulation nail head is the same as the thickness of the transition layer.
[0017] The insulation board is provided with temporary fixing anchors around its perimeter. These anchors pass through the conversion layer and are inserted into the building's exterior wall to temporarily fix the insulation board.
[0018] The back plate is equipped with H-shaped clips, which clamp the back plates of adjacent insulation boards on both sides to ensure overall flatness; the H-shaped clips are located at the joints of the insulation boards to seal the joints.
[0019] The conversion layer is equipped with compartment strips, one end of which contacts the exterior wall of the building, and the other end of which contacts the insulation board.
[0020] The conversion layer is equipped with a conversion layer reinforcement mesh.
[0021] The insulation boards are provided with insulation layer splicing seams between them.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0023] 1. Wide range of applications: It is applicable to both new and existing buildings;
[0024] 2. The conversion layer adopts a grouting process, which ensures 100% adhesion between the insulation layer and the base wall, eliminating the impact of negative wind pressure on the insulation layer and the building wall. In other words, it eliminates the hidden danger of the insulation layer falling off the wall and solves the problem of water leakage in the wall.
[0025] 3. The transfer layer and the base wall are anchored with structural anchors, which meets the relevant structural reinforcement specifications. That is, from the perspective of stress, the transfer layer is part of the wall structure.
[0026] 4. The insulation board anchor nails are cast into the transition layer, realizing pre-embedding and combining with the wall, eliminating the risk of slippage and deformation of traditional insulation nails, that is, eliminating the risk of insulation layer falling off.
[0027] 5. Accessories are easy to prepare, and construction is simple;
[0028] 6. Low project cost;
[0029] 7. Meet the relevant external wall insulation design, construction and acceptance standards. Attached Figure Description
[0030] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the insulation layer structure;
[0032] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of structural anchor bolts;
[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the insulation board anchor nail structure;
[0034] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the connection between the keel and the structural anchor. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. When the description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims. Example
[0036] like Figure 1The diagram illustrates a conversion-anchored building exterior wall insulation structure, comprising, in sequence, an exterior wall 1, a conversion layer 2, an insulation board 3, a leveling layer 4, and a finishing layer 5 on the outer side of the exterior wall 1. In the diagram, D1 represents the wall thickness of the exterior wall 1; D2 represents the designed thickness of the conversion layer 2; and D3 represents the designed thickness of the insulation board, including the insulation layer and backing plate.
[0037] The building's exterior wall 1 is a concrete wall or a masonry wall.
[0038] The transfer layer 2 is the core structure of this invention. One side of it is firmly connected to the building wall via structural anchors 6, forming a stable part of the wall structure and serving as an anchoring layer for the insulation board. The transfer layer 2 is formed by on-site injection of high-strength materials, such as high-strength concrete or epoxy resin. The on-site injection molding of the transfer layer 2 ensures seamless adhesion between the insulation board 3 and the wall structure, better resisting external loads such as wind pressure and significantly reducing the likelihood of the insulation layer detaching.
[0039] like Figure 2 The insulation board 3 shown is made using traditional materials and processes, generally conforming to standard insulation materials such as rock wool. The insulation board 3 is connected to the transition layer 2 via insulation board anchoring nails 7. The insulation board 3 includes insulation material 3-1, a backing plate 3-2, and a coating 3-3. Insulation material 3-1 is generally made of lightweight materials, such as rock wool. The backing plate 3-2 is made of high-strength materials, such as cement board, ceramic board, or steel plate, and is composited with the insulation material 3-1 to form an insulation block with a certain strength and rigidity. To enhance the composite effect, the backing plate 3-2 can be pre-drilled with holes to strengthen the bonding and anchoring force of the insulation board. The coating 3-3 uses a conventional process. D31 is the designed thickness of the insulation material 3-1: determined by thermal calculations based on the material. D32 is the designed thickness of the backing plate 3-2: determined by mechanical calculations to ensure that no bulging occurs during casting while maintaining stable edge support. Furthermore, D31 + D32 = D3.
[0040] Leveling layer 4 is the surface that needs to be leveled after the insulation board 3 and the conversion layer 2 are anchored together. Traditionally, this is done using adhesive powder mortar or similar materials. Finishing layer 5 is a traditional decorative panel.
[0041] like Figure 3The structural anchor 6 shown is one of the core technical measures of this invention. A structural anchor is an anchor that meets relevant specifications and can be firmly bonded to the wall substrate, such as expansion bolts or chemical anchors. The structural anchor 6 includes a head 6-1, a body 6-2, and a cap 6-3. The head 6-1 penetrates into the substrate wall and is firmly bonded to the substrate wall through mechanical means such as expansion bolt tubes or chemical means such as epoxy grouting material. The body 6-2 is threaded to enhance the anchoring force. The cap 6-3 is a special design of this patent; the cap is located within the transition layer 2. Compared to traditional straight rods, the T-shaped cap provides better anchoring to the transition layer.
[0042] Insulation board 3 is provided with insulation board anchor nails 7, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it is made of traditional plastic materials to avoid cold bridging. The insulation board anchor nail 7 includes an insulation nail rod 7-1, an insulation nail head 7-2, and an insulation nail cap 7-3. The diameter and strength of the insulation nail rod 7-1 meet the specifications, and the head is threaded for easy connection with the insulation nail head 7-2 and clamping of the insulation board 3. The insulation nail head 7-2 is cast into the transition layer 2. The insulation nail head 7-2 has a dumbbell-shaped structure with internal threads. Its functions are: first, to combine with the insulation nail rod 7-1 to clamp the insulation board 3; and second, to limit the position, that is, the total height of the insulation nail head 7-2 is the thickness D2 of the transition layer 2. The insulation nail cap 7-3 is disc-shaped, and its diameter and strength meet the relevant specifications. D2: nail head height, which is also the design thickness of the transition layer 2; D3: design thickness of the insulation board 3.
[0043] Temporary fixing anchors 8 are provided around the insulation board 3. The temporary fixing anchors 8 are standard parts. They are used to temporarily fix the insulation board around the perimeter. The number of anchors is determined by the design to ensure that the insulation board 3 does not shift when the transfer layer is poured.
[0044] The back panel 3-2 is equipped with H-shaped clips 9, which are traditional standard parts. The H-shaped clips 9 clamp the adjacent insulation board back panels 3-2 on both sides to make the adjacent insulation boards consistent in position and ensure overall flatness. At the same time, the H-shaped clips can also seal the joints of the insulation boards to prevent grout leakage during the pouring of the transition layer.
[0045] The transition layer 2 is equipped with compartmentalized strips 10, which are made of flexible material and can be circular or square. Their functions are twofold: first, to divide the space into compartments, facilitating the pouring of the transition layer 2; and second, to ensure that the compartmentalization does not affect the overall rigidity of the building walls.
[0046] The transition layer 2 is equipped with a transition layer reinforcing mesh 11, which can be either steel mesh or fiberglass mesh, to enhance the overall strength and rigidity of the transition layer.
[0047] There is a joint 12 between the insulation layers 3, which is a temporary gap formed by the process and needs to be sealed later.
[0048] During actual construction:
[0049] 1) Component preparation: 6 structural anchors, 7 insulation board anchors, H-type fasteners, 10 compartment strips, etc.
[0050] 2) Preparation of insulation board 3:
[0051] 2.1) Insulation layer preparation: Select insulation materials according to design requirements and relevant regulations;
[0052] 2.2) Back panel preparation: Determine the material and specifications of the back panel according to the design requirements;
[0053] 2.3) Factory lamination: Traditional process;
[0054] 2.4) Coating: Traditional process;
[0055] 2.5) Packaged and shipped.
[0056] 3) On-site construction:
[0057] 3.1) Wall base cleaning: traditional process;
[0058] 3.2) Arrange structural anchors according to design requirements: Based on factors such as region and building height, determine the quantity and location of structural anchors; mark positioning lines; drill holes in the wall. Anchor installation: Traditional process; ensure the exposed head size does not exceed the design thickness D2 of the transition layer.
[0059] 3.3) Insulation board installation and temporary fixing: Marking and positioning; installing the transition layer reinforcement mesh; installing insulation board anchor nails 7: the current standard requires 6-8 insulation nails per square meter, with the nail head and nail cap clamping the insulation board 3; positioning the insulation board 3: the head of the insulation board anchor nail 7-2 is pressed against the wall; installing H-type clips 9; installing insulation board bolt fixing anchor nails 8: the position and quantity are in accordance with the design requirements; installing compartment strips 10: the position of the compartment strips is determined according to the site conditions, for example, three insulation boards can be used as a pouring compartment, or five insulation boards can be used as a pouring compartment;
[0060] 3.4) Casting of transfer layer 2:
[0061] Material mixing; filling to the design height in compartments; installing insulation boards layer by layer from bottom to top and pouring transition layers in each compartment; sealing the joints of the insulation layer 12: sealing with appropriate insulation material; leveling layer construction: traditional process; finishing layer construction: traditional process; completion. Example
[0062] The rest of the structure is the same as in Example 1. The structural anchors 6 are distributed and anchored to the transition layer 2 via anchor heads 6-1, or they can be pre-anchored to the keel. The keel's function is to provide secondary reinforcement to the existing exterior wall insulation layer in old building renovation projects; and to ensure the flatness of the exterior wall in new construction projects. The keel 13 connects to the transition layer 2, and the structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.
[0063] The thickness of the transition layer 2 is controlled by the nail heads 7-2 of the insulation board anchor nails 7. If the thickness of the transition layer 2 is controlled by other methods, such as the keel mentioned above, the total height of the nail heads should be less than the thickness of the transition layer 2. The temporary fixing anchor nails 8 are directly inserted into the wall 1. If the keel method mentioned above is used, they can be directly anchored to the keel.
[0064] In addition, the outer side of the insulation board 3 has a leveling layer 4 and a finishing layer 5, which is the conventional "thin plastering" process. Alternatively, the "insulation and decoration integrated board" process can be adopted, that is, the insulation board 3 comes with a finishing layer, and there is no need to make a leveling layer 4 and a finishing layer 5.
Claims
1. A conversion anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure, arranged on the outer side of a building external wall (1), comprising a thermal insulation board (3) and a facing layer (5), characterized in that: The conversion layer (2) is provided between the thermal insulation board (3) and the building outer wall (1), the thermal insulation board (3) is connected with the conversion layer (2) through the thermal insulation board anchoring nail (7), the conversion layer (2) is connected with the building outer wall (1) through the structural anchor nail (6), and the conversion layer (2) is formed by on-site pouring.
2. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation board (3) comprises thermal insulation material (3-1), back plate (3-2) and film (3-3), the back plate (3-2) is combined with the thermal insulation material (3-1), and the back plate (3-2) is provided with a hole for strengthening the bonding and anchoring force.
3. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the thermal insulation board (3) is provided with a leveling layer (4) between the thermal insulation board (3) and the finishing layer (5).
4. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation board (3) is provided with a thermal insulation board anchoring nail (7), the thermal insulation board anchoring nail (7) comprises a thermal insulation nail rod (7-1), a thermal insulation nail head (7-2) and a thermal insulation nail cap (7-3), the thermal insulation nail rod (7-1) penetrates through the thermal insulation board (3) and is inserted into the conversion layer (2), the top of the thermal insulation nail rod (7-1) is provided with a sleeve thread, the thermal insulation nail cap (7-3) is disc-shaped and is arranged in the leveling layer (4) of the outer layer of the thermal insulation board (3), the thermal insulation nail head (7-2) is provided with an inner thread and has a dumbbell structure, the thermal insulation nail head (7-2) is combined with the thermal insulation nail rod (7-1), the thermal insulation nail head (7-2) is pressed against the thermal insulation board (3), the thermal insulation nail head (7-2) is poured into the conversion layer (2), and the height of the thermal insulation nail head (7-2) is the same as the thickness of the conversion layer (2).
5. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation board (3) is provided with a thermal insulation board temporary fixing anchor nail (8) around the thermal insulation board (3), the thermal insulation board temporary fixing anchor nail (8) penetrates through the conversion layer (2) and is inserted into the building outer wall (1) to temporarily fix the thermal insulation board.
6. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The back plate (3-2) is provided with an H-shaped clamping piece (9), the H-shaped clamping piece (9) is clamped to the back plates (3-2) of adjacent thermal insulation boards on both sides to ensure the overall flatness, and the H-shaped clamping piece (9) is arranged at the joint of the thermal insulation board (3) to seal the joint.
7. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion layer (2) is provided with a compartment strip (10) inside, one end of the compartment strip (10) is in contact with the building outer wall (1), and the other end of the compartment strip (10) is in contact with the thermal insulation board (3).
8. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion layer (2) is provided with a conversion layer reinforcing net (11) inside.
9. The converting anchoring type building external wall thermal insulation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation board (3) is provided with a thermal insulation layer splicing joint (12) between the thermal insulation board (3).