Ultrathin high-precision reed type intelligent gasket and mounting structure thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultrathin high-precision reed type intelligent gasket and an installation structure thereof, the intelligent gasket comprises a flat gasket, a disc reed and a fixed ring, a circuit board is installed in the fixed ring, a battery, a slide rheostat, a signal processing module and a signal sending module are integrated on the circuit board, a slide sheet of the slide rheostat is provided with a pull block, and the pull block is connected with the signal processing module and the signal sending module. And the pull block is connected with the disc spring stay wire seat through a stay wire. Even if the nut only generates tiny displacement, the slip sheet synchronously generates tiny displacement, so that the change of the resistance value of the slide rheostat is caused and is monitored in real time, and meanwhile, the real-time monitoring of the pressure value currently borne by the intelligent gasket can be realized through a conversion relation. The intelligent washer is suitable for application scenes with extremely high requirements for bolt looseness detection precision, early warning of possible looseness can be achieved by monitoring the pressure value of bolt installation in real time, and meanwhile the whole intelligent washer can be designed to be ultra-thin through the sliding rheostats arranged in the radial direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent monitoring device technology, specifically to an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer and its installation structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, intelligent fasteners, as a new method for monitoring bolt axial force, have also emerged. Intelligent fasteners integrate bolt axial force detection devices, enabling online monitoring of the health status of critical bolted connections, thus achieving structural and functional integration. They can be applied to various stages of industrial production, use, and maintenance, and have long-term economic and social benefits in promoting my country's industrial development, improving equipment reliability, and reducing major safety accidents.

[0003] Please refer to the Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN220337260U, which is a smart washer designed by the inventor team in this case. It uses the deformation of the disc spring to trigger a micro-displacement sensor to achieve micro-displacement detection, thereby monitoring the loosening of the bolt installation in real time.

[0004] Although the aforementioned smart washers are already quite advanced and can detect minor loosenings in real time, even smaller loosenings will only cause extremely small deformations in the disc spring. Due to the limitations of the measurement accuracy of the micro-displacement sensor, these extremely small deformations cannot be captured by the micro-displacement sensor, which means that the aforementioned smart washers cannot be applied to scenarios where the accuracy of bolt loosening detection is extremely high.

[0005] Solving these problems is now a top priority. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the technical problem of low detection accuracy in existing smart washers, this utility model provides an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer and its installation structure.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] The first aspect of this application relates to an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer, comprising a flat washer and at least one disc spring stacked sequentially on the flat washer with identical structure. The flat washer has a disc-shaped structure and a flat washer bolt through hole at its center. The disc springs are all conical ring structures with a diameter that gradually decreases away from the flat washer. Each disc spring has a disc spring bolt through hole coaxially arranged with the flat washer bolt through hole at its center. The flat washer and each disc spring are covered with a fixing ring for fixing them together. One of the disc springs adjacent to the flat washer has a disc spring pull wire seat near the disc spring bolt through hole. A circuit board is installed in the fixing ring. The circuit board integrates a battery, a sliding rheostat, a signal processing module, and a signal transmitting module. The sliding direction of the slider of the sliding rheostat is radial to that of the flat washer. A pull block that moves synchronously with the slider is installed on the slider. The pull block is connected to the disc spring pull wire seat by a pull wire. An elastic element is provided between the pull block and the fixing ring for driving the fixing ring away from the disc spring pull wire seat.

[0009] This ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer utilizes a specific design. During nut tightening, the disc springs compress, and the elastic element forces the pull block to move the slider. During nut loosening, the disc springs elastically reset, pulling the pull block via a cable and causing the slider to move. Regardless of the situation, even if the nut experiences only a tiny displacement, the slider will simultaneously undergo a tiny displacement, causing a change in the resistance of the sliding rheostat, which is monitored in real-time by the signal processing module. Simultaneously, the pressure value currently borne by the smart washer can be monitored in real-time through conversion relationships. Therefore, compared to existing smart washers, this smart washer not only accurately detects even the slightest loosening after bolt installation, making it suitable for applications requiring extremely high bolt loosening detection accuracy and improving its versatility, but also provides early warning of potential loosening by monitoring the bolt installation pressure value in real-time. This allows for pre-tightening of the bolt before it becomes loose, preventing loosening. Furthermore, the radially arranged sliding rheostat enables the overall ultra-thin design of the smart washer.

[0010] In some embodiments, an electrical component mounting box is integrally formed on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing ring. One side of the electrical component mounting box has a component inlet and outlet, and a cover for sealing the electrical component mounting box is detachably covered on the component inlet and outlet. A pull wire through hole is formed on the circumferential side wall of the fixing ring for the pull wire to pass through. The circuit board is mounted on the bottom of the electrical component mounting box.

[0011] In some embodiments, the elastic element is a compression spring that is elastically supported between the circumferential outer wall of the fixed ring and the pull block. After the pull wire enters the electrical component mounting box through the pull wire through hole, it first passes through the compression spring and then connects to the pull wire connector of the pull block.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fixing ring is formed by two sub-mounting rings with a semi-circular ring structure. The outer edges of both sides of the sub-mounting ring in the width direction have semi-circular ring positioning ribs extending radially inward. A flat pad groove that matches the semi-circular ring positioning ribs is recessed on the circumferential outer wall of the flat pad. A disc spring groove that matches the semi-circular ring positioning ribs is recessed on the circumferential outer wall of the disc spring that is furthest from the flat pad. After the two semi-circular ring positioning ribs of the two sub-mounting rings are respectively inserted into the flat pad groove and the disc spring groove, the two ends of the two sub-mounting rings are locked by the corresponding first locking members.

[0013] In some embodiments, one of the sub-mounting rings has mounting bosses protruding at both ends, each mounting boss having a first locking pin hole extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring. The other sub-mounting ring has mounting grooves recessed at both ends, each groove matching the mounting bosses. The two sides of the mounting grooves each have second locking pin holes extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring. The first locking members are all cylindrical pins. The two mounting bosses are respectively embedded in the corresponding mounting grooves, so that each first locking pin hole communicates with the second locking pin holes located at its two ends to form a first cylindrical pin hole that matches the first locking member. Each first locking member is locked in the corresponding first cylindrical pin hole with an interference fit.

[0014] In some embodiments, a second locking member, which is a cylindrical pin, is also included. One of the sub-mounting rings has a third locking pin hole that extends radially through it, and the circumferential outer wall of the flat pad has a fourth locking pin hole that communicates with the third locking pin hole. The third locking pin hole and the fourth locking pin hole communicate to form a second cylindrical pin hole that is adapted to the second locking member. The second locking member is locked in the second cylindrical pin hole with an interference fit.

[0015] In some embodiments, the surface of the flat pad near the disc spring is recessed to form a wire clearance groove facing the wire, and the wire is at least partially located in the wire clearance groove.

[0016] The second aspect of this application relates to an installation structure for the aforementioned ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer, further comprising a first connected member, a second connected member, a bolt, and a nut. The bolt's shank passes sequentially through the first connected member, the second connected member, the flat washer's bolt through-hole, and the disc spring's disc spring's bolt through-hole, and then the nut is tightened from the outer end of the shank inward, thereby clamping the first connected member, the second connected member, the flat washer, and each disc spring between the head of the nut and the bolt.

[0017] The mounting structure of the ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer described above possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the mounting structure for an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer;

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the mounting structure of an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-loaded smart washer;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one of the sub-mounting rings;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another sub-mounting ring;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flat pad structure;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between a disc spring adjacent to a flat pad and a strain gauge.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the disc spring that is furthest from the flat pad.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit board structure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figures 2-9 As shown, an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer mainly includes a flat washer 1, a fixing ring 3, and at least one disc spring 2 with the same structure. Each disc spring 2 is coaxially stacked on the flat washer 1. The fixing ring 3 is circumferentially sleeved on the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2, and fixes the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2 into one piece.

[0029] Among them, the flat washer 1 has a disc-shaped structure and a flat washer bolt through hole 1a at the center of the flat washer 1. The disc springs 2 are all conical ring structures with a diameter that gradually decreases away from the flat washer 1. The center of each disc spring 2 has a disc spring bolt through hole 2a that is coaxially arranged with the flat washer bolt through hole 1a. Since the fixing ring 3 restricts the radial movement of the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2, only axial force can be applied to the disc spring 2, causing the disc spring 2 to deform.

[0030] In this embodiment, a disc spring 2 adjacent to the flat pad 1 is provided with a disc spring pull wire seat 2d near the disc spring bolt through hole 2a. A circuit board 5 is installed in the fixing ring 3. The circuit board 5 integrates a battery 5d, a sliding rheostat 5a, a signal processing module 5b, and a signal transmission module 5c. The sliding direction of the slider 5a1 of the sliding rheostat 5a is radial to that of the flat pad 1. A pull block 9 that moves synchronously with the slider 5a1 is installed on the slider 5a1. The pull block 9 is connected to the disc spring pull wire seat 2d through a pull wire 14. An elastic element 15 is provided between the pull block 9 and the fixing ring 3 to drive the fixing ring 3 away from the disc spring pull wire seat 2d.

[0031] During the tightening of nut 13, each disc spring 2 is compressed, and the elastic element 15 forces the pull block 9 to move the slider 5a1. During the loosening of nut 13, each disc spring 2 is elastically reset, thereby pulling the pull block 9 through the pull wire 14 and moving the slider 5a1. In either case, even if nut 13 undergoes only a very small displacement, slider 5a1 will simultaneously undergo a small displacement, causing a change in the resistance value of the sliding rheostat 5a, which is monitored in real time by the signal processing module 5b. At the same time, the current pressure value of the smart washer can be monitored in real time through conversion relationship, and the detection value is sent out in real time through the signal transmission module 5c. In addition, battery 5d is used to power sliding rheostat 5a, signal processing module 5b and signal transmission module 5c.

[0032] Therefore, compared with existing smart washers, this smart washer can not only accurately detect even the slightest loosening after bolt installation, making it suitable for applications with extremely high requirements for bolt loosening detection accuracy and improving the versatility of the smart washer, but also can provide early warning of possible loosening by monitoring the bolt installation pressure value in real time. This allows the bolt to be tightened again before it becomes loose, thus preventing the bolt from loosening. At the same time, the radially arranged sliding rheostat 5a enables the smart washer to achieve an ultra-thin design.

[0033] Please see Figures 2-5 The fixing ring 3 is formed by two semi-circular sub-mounting rings 3a. After the two ends of the two sub-mounting rings 3a are locked by the corresponding first locking member 6, the two sub-mounting rings 3a together form a ring structure that can fix the flat pad 1 and each disc spring 2 into one piece.

[0034] Specifically, both outer edges of the sub-mounting ring 3a in the width direction have radially inwardly extending semi-circular positioning ribs 3a1, that is, the semi-circular positioning ribs 3a1 are all semi-circular structures. A ring of flat pad grooves 1b, matching the semi-circular positioning ribs 3a1, is recessed on the circumferential outer wall of the flat pad 1; that is, the flat pad grooves 1b are annular grooves with a circular structure. The disc spring 2 furthest from the flat pad 1 has a ring of disc spring grooves 2b, matching the semi-circular positioning ribs 3a1, recessed on its circumferential outer wall; that is, the disc spring grooves 2b are also annular grooves with a circular structure. After the two semi-circular positioning ribs 3a1 of the two sub-mounting rings 3a are respectively inserted into the flat washer slot 1b and the disc spring slot 2b, the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2 are positioned. Then, the two ends of the two sub-mounting rings 3a are locked by the corresponding first locking parts 6, thereby fixing the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2 into one piece, ensuring the convenience of assembly and the stability and reliability of the structure. At the same time, this structure has a good waterproof effect.

[0035] In this embodiment, both ends of one of the sub-mounting rings 3a are formed with mounting bosses 3a2, and both ends of the other sub-mounting ring 3a are formed with mounting grooves 3a4 that are adapted to the mounting bosses 3a2. It should be noted that, alternatively, both ends of one of the sub-mounting rings 3a may be provided with mounting bosses 3a2 and mounting grooves 3a4, and both ends of the other sub-mounting ring 3a may also be provided with mounting bosses 3a2 and mounting grooves 3a4.

[0036] Therefore, the two mounting bosses 3a2 are respectively embedded in the corresponding mounting grooves 3a4, which ensures the coarse positioning of the two sub-mounting rings 3a, which is simple, reliable and easy to assemble.

[0037] At this time, since the mounting boss 3a2 has a first locking pin hole 3a3 extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring 3a, and the two side walls of the mounting groove 3a4 have second locking pin holes 3a5 extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring 3a, and the first locking member 6 is a cylindrical pin, when the two mounting bosses 3a2 are respectively embedded into the corresponding mounting grooves 3a4, each first locking pin hole 3a3 communicates with the second locking pin holes 3a5 located at both ends to form a first cylindrical pin hole that matches the first locking member 6. Therefore, each first locking member 6 is interference-fitted and locked in the corresponding first cylindrical pin hole, thereby ensuring a reliable connection between the two sub-mounting rings 3a. Specifically, the first locking member 6 is pressed into the corresponding first cylindrical pin hole using a bench vise, which is a simple operation.

[0038] Furthermore, to further improve the reliability of the installation of the fixing ring 3, a second locking element 7 is provided. This second locking element 7 is a cylindrical pin for easy assembly. One of the sub-mounting rings 3a has a radially penetrating third locking pin hole 3a6. The circumferential outer wall of the flat washer 1 has a fourth locking pin hole 1c that communicates with the third locking pin hole 3a6. The communication between the third locking pin hole 3a6 and the fourth locking pin hole 1c forms a second cylindrical pin hole that matches the second locking element 7. The second locking element 7 is interference-fitted into the second cylindrical pin hole, thereby further improving the reliability of the fixing ring 3's locking and preventing radial and axial displacement of the fixing ring 3 relative to the flat washer 1 and each disc spring 2. Specifically, the second locking element 7 is pressed into the corresponding second cylindrical pin hole using a bench vise, making the operation simple.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 A sealing ring groove 2c is formed by recessing the outer circumferential wall of the disc spring 2. A sealing ring 8 is installed in each sealing ring groove 2c. Each sealing ring 8 is interference-fitted with the inner circumferential wall of the two sub-mounting rings 3a, thereby effectively sealing the gap between the disc spring 2 and the fixing ring 3, preventing rainwater from entering and affecting electrical components such as the strain gauge 4, and ensuring waterproof performance.

[0040] It should be noted that the sealing ring 8 is preferably an O-ring, which is inexpensive and has good waterproof sealing performance. The material of the sealing ring 8 can be common elastic sealing materials such as silicone and rubber.

[0041] Please see Figures 2-4 An electrical component mounting box 3a9 is integrally formed on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing ring 3, resulting in high structural strength. Furthermore, a component inlet / outlet 3a91 is provided on one side of the electrical component mounting box 3a9, and a cover 3a7 for sealing the electrical component mounting box 3a9 can be detachably fitted onto this inlet / outlet 3a91 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the circuit board 5. In this embodiment, the cover 3a7 and the electrical component mounting box 3a9 are connected by multiple screws, which is simple, reliable, and provides good sealing.

[0042] A pull wire through hole 3a8 is provided on the circumferential side wall of the fixed ring 3 at a position adjacent to the electrical component mounting box 3a9 for the pull wire 14 to pass through. The circuit board 5 is installed at the bottom of the electrical component mounting box 3a9. The sliding direction of the slider 5a1 on the sliding rheostat 5a is to move closer to or away from the pull wire through hole 3a8 along the radial direction of the flat pad 1, which ensures the reliability of the structure and the stability of the transmission.

[0043] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is preferably a compression spring, which elastically supports the circumferential outer wall of the fixing ring 3 and the pull block 9. After the pull wire 14 enters the electrical component mounting box 3a9 through the pull wire through hole 3a8, it first passes through the compression spring and then connects with the pull wire connecting seat 9a of the pull block 9. This ensures both the stability and reliability of the installation and movement of the pull wire 14, and the stability and reliability of the cooperation between the compression spring and the pull block 9.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6 The surface of the flat pad 1 near the disc spring 2 is recessed to form a pull wire relief groove 1d facing the pull wire 14. The pull wire through hole 3a8 is located at the end of the pull wire relief groove 1d. The pull wire 14 is at least partially located in the pull wire relief groove 1d to ensure the stability of the movement of the pull wire 14 and avoid jamming.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 An installation structure for an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer includes a first connected member 10, a second connected member 11, a bolt 12, and a nut 13. The bolt 12's threaded portion 12a passes sequentially through the first connected member 10, the second connected member 11, the flat washer bolt through-hole 1a of the flat washer 1, and the disc spring bolt through-hole 2a of each disc spring 2. The nut 13 is then tightened from the outer end of the threaded portion 12a inwards, thereby clamping the first connected member 10, the second connected member 11, the flat washer 1, and each disc spring 2 between the nut 13 and the head 12b of the bolt 12. In this embodiment, the flat washer 1 of the ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer abuts against the surface of the second connected member 11 away from the first connected member 10, and the outermost disc spring 2 abuts against the nut 13, thereby locking the first connected member 10 and the second connected member 11.

[0047] During installation, the signal processing module 5b monitors the real-time tightening pressure of the bolts 12 and nut 13 on the first connected component 10 and the second connected component 11 by monitoring the resistance change of the sliding rheostat 5a, ensuring the accuracy of the installation. After installation, the resistance detection device can both provide early warning of possible loosening by monitoring the bolt installation pressure in real time and provide timely alarm for loose bolts.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present utility model, can make various similar representations without departing from the spirit and claims of the present utility model, and such modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer, comprising a flat washer and at least one disc spring with identical structure stacked sequentially on the flat washer, wherein the flat washer has a disc-shaped structure and a flat washer bolt through hole at its center, and the disc springs are all conical ring structures with diameters gradually decreasing away from the flat washer, and each disc spring has a disc spring bolt through hole coaxially arranged with the flat washer bolt through hole at its center, and the flat washer and each disc spring are fitted with a retaining ring for fixing them together, characterized in that: One of the disc springs adjacent to the flat pad has a disc spring pull wire seat near the disc spring bolt through hole. A circuit board is installed in the fixing ring. The circuit board integrates a battery, a sliding rheostat, a signal processing module, and a signal transmission module. The sliding direction of the slider of the sliding rheostat is radial to that of the flat pad. A pull block that moves synchronously with the slider is installed on the slider. The pull block is connected to the disc spring pull wire seat through a pull wire. An elastic element is provided between the pull block and the fixing ring to drive the fixing ring away from the disc spring pull wire seat.

2. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrical component mounting box is integrally formed on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing ring. One side of the electrical component mounting box has a component inlet and outlet. The component inlet and outlet are detachably covered with a box cover for sealing the electrical component mounting box. A pull wire through hole is provided on the circumferential side wall of the fixing ring for the pull wire to pass through. The circuit board is installed at the bottom of the electrical component mounting box.

3. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic element is a compression spring, which is elastically supported between the circumferential outer wall of the fixed ring and the pull block. After the pull wire enters the electrical component mounting box through the pull wire through hole, it first passes through the compression spring and then connects to the pull wire connector of the pull block.

4. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring is formed by two sub-mounting rings with a semi-circular structure. The outer edges of both sides of the sub-mounting ring in the width direction have semi-circular positioning ribs extending radially inward. The outer circumferential wall of the flat pad is recessed to form a flat pad groove that matches the semi-circular positioning rib. The disc spring that is furthest from the flat pad is recessed to form a disc spring groove that matches the semi-circular positioning rib on its outer circumferential wall. After the two semi-circular positioning ribs of the two sub-mounting rings are respectively inserted into the flat pad groove and the disc spring groove, the two ends of the two sub-mounting rings are locked by the corresponding first locking member.

5. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 4, characterized in that: One of the sub-mounting rings has protruding mounting bosses at both ends, each with a first locking pin hole extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring. The other sub-mounting ring has recessed mounting grooves at both ends that are adapted to the mounting bosses. Each side wall of the mounting groove has a second locking pin hole extending through the width of the sub-mounting ring. The first locking elements are all cylindrical pins. The two mounting bosses are respectively embedded in the corresponding mounting grooves, so that each first locking pin hole communicates with the second locking pin holes located at its two ends to form a first cylindrical pin hole adapted to the first locking element. Each first locking element is locked in the corresponding first cylindrical pin hole with an interference fit.

6. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second locking member, which is a cylindrical pin. One of the sub-mounting rings has a third locking pin hole that extends radially through it. The outer circumferential wall of the flat pad has a fourth locking pin hole that communicates with the third locking pin hole. The third locking pin hole and the fourth locking pin hole communicate to form a second cylindrical pin hole that is adapted to the second locking member. The second locking member is locked in the second cylindrical pin hole with an interference fit.

7. The ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type intelligent washer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the flat pad near the disc spring is recessed to form a pull wire relief groove, and the pull wire is at least partially located in the pull wire relief groove.

8. An installation structure for an ultra-thin, high-precision spring-type smart washer as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes a first connected component, a second connected component, a bolt, and a nut. The bolt's shank passes sequentially through the first connected component, the second connected component, the flat washer bolt through hole, and the disc spring bolt through hole of each disc spring. The nut is then tightened from the outer end of the shank inward, thereby clamping the first connected component, the second connected component, the flat washer, and each disc spring between the head of the nut and the bolt.

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