Battery power supply circuit and system and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery power supply circuit, a battery power supply system and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of power supply, when the battery power supply circuit is connected to a battery, a charging circuit provides electric energy provided by the battery to a super capacitor to charge the super capacitor, and the voltage of the super capacitor rises accordingly. Meanwhile, when the control circuit detects that the voltage of the super capacitor is not lower than the preset voltage, the control circuit judges that the super capacitor is fully charged and sends a starting signal to the switching circuit, so that the switching circuit directly connects the positive electrode of the battery to the dynamic load. At the moment, the battery and the super capacitor are connected in parallel to supply power to the dynamic load, the super capacitor can compensate the power received by the dynamic load when the instantaneous impedance of the dynamic load changes, it is guaranteed that the dynamic load can obtain enough power to work, and the dynamic loading capacity of the battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a battery-powered circuit, system and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, dry cell batteries are commonly used in portable electronic products to ensure excellent battery life. However, due to the inherent characteristics of batteries, they possess internal resistance. When a dynamic load is connected to the battery, the voltage received by the load depends on the battery voltage and the ratio of the dynamic load's dynamic resistance to the battery's internal resistance. Therefore, the power output from the battery to the dynamic load fluctuates significantly with changes in the load, making it difficult for the battery's dynamic load-carrying capacity to meet expectations. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a battery power supply circuit, system, and electronic device, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the dynamic load-carrying capacity of batteries.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a battery power supply circuit, which includes: a switching circuit, a charging circuit, a supercapacitor, and a control circuit.

[0005] The first terminal of the switching circuit and the input terminal of the charging circuit are used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery. The second terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the charging circuit, the detection terminal of the control circuit, the first terminal of the supercapacitor, and the dynamic load, respectively. The output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the switching circuit, and the second terminal of the supercapacitor and the negative terminal of the battery are grounded.

[0006] The charging circuit is used to charge the supercapacitor when a battery is detected, thereby increasing the supercapacitor's capacitor voltage.

[0007] The control circuit is used to send an enable signal to the switching circuit when the capacitor voltage is detected to be not lower than the preset voltage.

[0008] A switching circuit is used to connect the positive terminal of the battery to the dynamic load when an enable signal is received, so that the battery and the supercapacitor are connected in parallel to supply power to the dynamic load.

[0009] This application provides a battery-powered circuit, system, and electronic device. The battery-powered circuit includes a switching circuit, a charging circuit, a supercapacitor, and a control circuit. The first terminal of the switching circuit and the input terminal of the charging circuit are connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The second terminal of the switching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the charging circuit, the detection terminal of the control circuit, the first terminal of the supercapacitor, and a dynamic load. The output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the control terminal of the switching circuit. The second terminal of the supercapacitor and the negative terminal of the battery are grounded. The charging circuit charges the supercapacitor when a battery is detected, thereby increasing the supercapacitor's voltage. The control circuit sends an enable signal to the switching circuit when the detected capacitor voltage is not lower than a preset voltage. The switching circuit connects the positive terminal of the battery to the dynamic load upon receiving the enable signal, so that the battery and the supercapacitor are connected in parallel to power the dynamic load.

[0010] When the battery is connected, the charging circuit supplies power from the battery to the supercapacitor, charging it and causing its voltage to rise. Simultaneously, the control circuit determines the supercapacitor is fully charged when its voltage is not lower than a preset voltage, and sends an activation signal to the switching circuit. This allows the switching circuit to directly connect the battery's positive terminal to the dynamic load. In this configuration, the battery and supercapacitor are connected in parallel, supplying power to the dynamic load. The supercapacitor can compensate for power losses to the dynamic load during momentary impedance changes, ensuring sufficient power for operation and enhancing the battery's dynamic load-carrying capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural connection diagram provided for Embodiment 1 of the battery power supply circuit of this application;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a circuit connection diagram provided for Embodiment 2 of the battery power supply circuit of this application.

[0015] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0016] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0017] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0018] This application presents a battery power supply circuit according to a first embodiment. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The battery power supply circuit includes: a switching circuit 10, a charging circuit 20, a supercapacitor CE, and a control circuit 30.

[0019] The first terminal of the switching circuit 10 and the input terminal of the charging circuit 20 are used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery B1. The second terminal of the switching circuit 10 is connected to the output terminal of the charging circuit 20, the detection terminal of the control circuit 30, the first terminal of the supercapacitor CE, and the dynamic load Loud. The output terminal of the control circuit 30 is connected to the control terminal of the switching circuit 10. The second terminal of the supercapacitor CE and the negative terminal of the battery B1 are grounded.

[0020] The charging circuit 20 is used to charge the supercapacitor CE when the connected battery B1 is detected, so as to increase the capacitor voltage of the supercapacitor CE.

[0021] The control circuit 30 is used to send an enable signal to the switching circuit 10 when the capacitor voltage is detected to be not lower than the preset voltage.

[0022] The switching circuit 10 is used to connect the positive terminal of the battery B1 with the dynamic load Loud when an open signal is received, so that the battery B1 and the supercapacitor CE are connected in parallel to supply power to the dynamic load Loud.

[0023] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the supercapacitor CE is an energy storage device that falls between a traditional capacitor and a battery. It features high power density, rapid charging and discharging, long cycle life, and a wide operating temperature range. The voltage across the supercapacitor CE increases as the stored electrical energy increases. As a preferred embodiment, the capacitance of the supercapacitor CE can be set to no less than 47mF.

[0024] It is easy to understand that the preset voltage is a fixed voltage value set in advance, which can be the maximum capacitor voltage of the supercapacitor CE. The dynamic load Loud refers to a load whose impedance can change. In this embodiment, the charging circuit 20 can detect whether the positive terminal of the battery B1 is connected. If the positive terminal of the battery B1 is detected, the electrical energy provided by the battery B1 can be transferred to the supercapacitor CE to charge the supercapacitor CE. During the charging process, the capacitor voltage across the supercapacitor CE gradually increases. At the same time, the control circuit 30 can detect the capacitor voltage of the supercapacitor CE. When the capacitor voltage rises above the preset voltage, a high-level or low-level turn-on signal is sent to the switching circuit 10 to turn on the two ends of the switching circuit 10, connecting the positive terminal of the battery B1 and the dynamic load Loud. At this time, the charging circuit 20 is short-circuited by the turned-on switching circuit 10, the positive terminal of the battery B1 is directly connected to the first terminal of the supercapacitor CE, and connected to the dynamic load Loud. The battery B1 and the supercapacitor CE are connected in parallel and simultaneously supply power to the dynamic load Loud. Because the supercapacitor CE has the characteristics of fast charging and discharging, it can change its output power faster than the battery B1. Once the dynamic load Loud changes suddenly, the supercapacitor CE will charge and discharge quickly to compensate for the power received by the dynamic load Loud, so that the dynamic load Loud can always receive enough power to work normally, thereby improving the dynamic load capacity of the battery B1.

[0025] It is worth noting that the internal resistance of battery B1 changes with temperature. Therefore, whether the ambient temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the output power of battery B1. Since the supercapacitor CE has a wide operating temperature range, temperature has a smaller impact on its output power. Even in high or low temperature environments, it can still ensure that the power received by the dynamic load Loud (power provided by battery B1 and supercapacitor CE) meets its requirements, thus improving the operational stability of the dynamic load Loud in high or low temperature environments.

[0026] This application provides a battery-powered circuit. When a battery is connected, the charging circuit provides electrical energy from the battery to a supercapacitor, charging the supercapacitor and causing its voltage to rise. Simultaneously, when the control circuit detects that the supercapacitor's voltage is not lower than a preset voltage, it determines that the supercapacitor is fully charged and sends an enable signal to the switching circuit, causing the switching circuit to directly connect the battery's positive terminal to the dynamic load. At this point, the battery and supercapacitor are connected in parallel, supplying power to the dynamic load. The supercapacitor can compensate for the power received by the dynamic load when its impedance changes instantaneously, ensuring that the dynamic load receives sufficient power to operate and thus improving the battery's dynamic load-carrying capacity.

[0027] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in Embodiment 1 above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 2 The switching circuit 10 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1, a first NMOS transistor Qn1, and a first PMOS transistor Qp1;

[0028] The gate of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2, respectively. The source of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 and the first end of the first resistor R1 are connected to the input end of the charging circuit 20, and the drain of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is connected to the output end of the charging circuit 20, the detection end of the control circuit 30, the first end of the supercapacitor CE, and the dynamic load Loud, respectively.

[0029] The gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 is connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the output terminal of the control circuit 30, respectively. The drain of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 is connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R2. The source of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 are grounded.

[0030] It should be noted that the turn-on signal is a high-level electrical signal. In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a series structure. The first end of the first resistor R1 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery B1. As one scenario, when the battery B1 is first connected, the gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 is in the off state because it does not receive the high-level turn-on signal sent by the control circuit 30. The fourth resistor R4 is equivalent to an open circuit. The gate of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is connected to the source of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 and the positive terminal of the battery B1 through the first resistor R1. Its gate voltage is equal to the source voltage, and the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is also in the off state. The electrical energy of the battery B1 is provided to the supercapacitor CE through the charging circuit 20.

[0031] In another scenario, after battery B1 charges the supercapacitor CE, if its capacitor voltage is not lower than a preset voltage, the gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 can receive a high-level turn-on signal sent by the control circuit 30. At this time, the first NMOS transistor Qn1 is turned on, and the series structure formed by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 is connected in series between the positive terminal of battery B1 and ground. At this time, the voltage at the gate of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is equivalent to the voltage division of battery B1 across the second resistor R2, while the voltage at the source of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is equivalent to the battery B1 voltage. Since the battery B1 voltage must be higher than its voltage division, the voltage difference Vgs between the gate and source of the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is less than 0 and lower than the threshold voltage of the first PMOS transistor Qp1. Therefore, the first PMOS transistor Qp1 is turned on, directly connecting the positive terminal of battery B1 to the dynamic load Loud. The positive terminal of battery B1 and the first terminal of supercapacitor CE are connected to the dynamic load Loud at the same time. Therefore, it can be considered that battery B1 and supercapacitor CE are connected in parallel and supply power to the dynamic load Loud in parallel.

[0032] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the first capacitor C1 is the filter capacitor of the first NMOS transistor Qn1, which is used to filter the signal received by the gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 to ensure that the first NMOS transistor Qn1 can receive the turn-on signal more accurately and smoothly enter the conduction state.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control circuit 30 includes: a third resistor R3, a second capacitor C2, and a control chip U1;

[0034] The detection pins of the control chip U1 are connected to the second end of the third resistor R3 and the first end of the second capacitor C2, respectively. The output pins of the control chip U1 are connected to the control terminal of the switching circuit 10. The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of the charging circuit 20, the first end of the supercapacitor CE, and the dynamic load Loud, respectively. The second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0035] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the control chip U1 is a controller with control functions, which can acquire external voltage values ​​through the detection pin and determine the specific value of the voltage. The third resistor R3 is a current-limiting resistor for the detection pin to protect the detection pin of the control chip U1 from damage due to receiving excessive current. The second capacitor C2 is used to filter the voltage (capacitor voltage) received by the detection pin to ensure that the capacitor voltage detected by the control chip U1 is more accurate.

[0036] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, when the control chip U1 receives the capacitor voltage provided by the supercapacitor CE through the detection pin, it can compare the value of the capacitor voltage with the value of the internally set preset voltage. When the capacitor voltage is not lower than the preset voltage, it can be determined that the supercapacitor CE can provide power compensation for the dynamic load Loud. At this time, a high-level turn-on signal can be sent to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 in the switching circuit 10 through the output pin, thereby connecting the positive terminal of the battery B1 and the dynamic load Loud through the switching circuit 10, and thus enabling the battery B1 and the supercapacitor CE to be connected in parallel to power the dynamic load Loud.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control circuit 30 also includes: a fourth resistor R4 and a third capacitor C3;

[0038] The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the input terminal of the charging circuit 20 and the first end of the switching circuit 10, respectively. The second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the power supply pin of the control chip U1, respectively. The second end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded.

[0039] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the control chip U1 also has a power supply pin, which can only work when it receives sufficient voltage.

[0040] It is easy to understand that, in this embodiment, a fourth resistor R4 can also be connected to the first terminal of the switching circuit 10 and the input terminal of the charging circuit 20. When the battery B1 is connected, the battery B1 will also provide voltage to the power supply pin of the control chip U1. When the power supply pin of the control chip U1 receives sufficient voltage, the control chip U1 starts to work, that is, it collects the capacitor voltage of the supercapacitor CE through the detection pin, and when the capacitor voltage is not lower than the preset voltage, it outputs a high-level turn-on signal to the switching circuit 10 through the output pin.

[0041] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, a third capacitor C3 can also be set between the power supply pin and the ground line. The third capacitor C3 can filter the voltage received by the power supply pin and play a role in voltage stabilization. It can also make the voltage received by the power supply pin rise or fall slowly through its charging and discharging characteristics, so that the control chip U1 does not start working immediately when the battery B1 is connected, or stops working immediately when the battery B1 is removed, thereby improving the working stability of the control chip U1.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control circuit 30 further includes: a fifth resistor R5;

[0043] The first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4, the first end of the third capacitor C3, and the power supply pin of the control chip U1. The second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output pin of the control chip U1 and the control terminal of the switching circuit 10.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a fifth resistor R5 can also be set between the power supply pin and the output pin. The voltage at the power supply pin of the control chip U1 is used to provide a driving voltage for the output pin, which improves the driving capability of the output pin of the control chip U1 and ensures that the voltage of the turn-on signal can reach the threshold voltage of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 in the switching circuit 10. Thus, when the turn-on signal is output, the switching circuit 10 can stably enter the conduction state.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control circuit 30 also includes a fourth capacitor C4;

[0046] The first terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the output delay setting pin of the control chip U1, and the second terminal of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded.

[0047] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the control chip U1 also has an output delay setting pin. This pin is used to adjust the operating frequency of the control chip U1, thereby adjusting its response time—specifically, the delay time between when the control chip U1 detects that the capacitor voltage is not lower than a preset voltage and when it outputs an enable signal. In a specific implementation, the output delay setting pin is connected to a fourth capacitor C4. Changing the capacitance of the fourth capacitor C4 adjusts the response time of the control chip U1, thus regulating the overall response speed of the battery-powered circuit.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the charging circuit 20 includes: a sixth resistor R6;

[0049] The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the switching circuit 10, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the second end of the switching circuit 10, the first end of the supercapacitor CE, the detection end of the control circuit 30, and the dynamic load Loud.

[0050] It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the sixth resistor R6 is a current-limiting resistor. A sixth resistor R6 can be set between the interface connected to the positive terminal of the battery B1 and the first terminal of the supercapacitor CE to limit the magnitude of the charging current generated when the battery B1 charges the supercapacitor CE, so as to prevent the charging current from being too high and damaging the supercapacitor CE.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control circuit 30 is also used to send a shutdown signal to the switching circuit 10 when the capacitor voltage is detected to be lower than a preset voltage.

[0052] The switching circuit 10 is also used to disconnect the positive terminal of the battery B1 from the dynamic load Loud when a shutdown signal is received.

[0053] It should be noted that the shutdown signal can be a low-level electrical signal. In this embodiment, if the voltage of the supercapacitor CE detected by the detection pin of the control circuit 30 is lower than the preset voltage, it indicates that the supercapacitor CE is not fully charged and cannot compensate for the power of the dynamic load Loud. At this time, the control chip U1 in the control circuit 30 will output a low-level shutdown signal to the gate of the first NMOS transistor Qn1 in the switching circuit 10, so that the first NMOS transistor Qn1 remains in the off state, and the first PMOS transistor Qp1 also remains in the off state accordingly. The positive terminal of the battery B1 cannot be directly connected to the dynamic load Loud, and the charging circuit 20 continues to charge the supercapacitor CE until the voltage of the supercapacitor CE exceeds the preset voltage.

[0054] This application also provides a battery power supply system, which employs the battery power supply circuit described above. The battery power supply system provided in this application, using the battery power supply circuit described above, can solve the technical problem of how to improve the dynamic load-carrying capacity of a battery. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the battery power supply system provided in this application are the same as those of the battery power supply circuit provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of the battery power supply system are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] This application also provides an electronic device that employs the battery power supply system described above. The electronic device provided in this application, employing the battery power supply system described above, can solve the technical problem of how to improve the dynamic load-carrying capacity of the battery. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in this application are the same as those of the battery power supply system provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the electronic device are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery powered circuit, characterized by The battery power supply circuit comprises a switching circuit, a charging circuit, a super capacitor and a control circuit; a first end of the switching circuit and an input end of the charging circuit are used for connecting a positive pole of a battery, a second end of the switching circuit is connected with an output end of the charging circuit, a detection end of the control circuit, a first end of the super capacitor and a dynamic load respectively, an output end of the control circuit is connected with a control end of the switching circuit, a second end of the super capacitor and a negative pole of the battery are grounded; the charging circuit is used for charging the super capacitor when detecting that the battery is connected, so as to improve a capacitance voltage of the super capacitor; the control circuit is used for sending an opening signal to the switching circuit when detecting that the capacitance voltage is not lower than a preset voltage; the switching circuit is used for connecting the positive pole of the battery with the dynamic load when receiving the opening signal, so as to make the battery and the super capacitor parallel to supply power for the dynamic load.

2. The battery powered circuit of claim 1, wherein, The switching circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, a first NMOS tube and a first PMOS tube; a gate of the first PMOS tube is connected with a second end of the first resistor and a first end of the second resistor respectively, a source of the first PMOS tube and a first end of the first resistor are connected with an input end of the charging circuit, a drain of the first PMOS tube is connected with an output end of the charging circuit, a detection end of the control circuit, a first end of the super capacitor and the dynamic load respectively; a gate of the first NMOS tube is connected with a first end of the first capacitor and an output end of the control circuit respectively, a drain of the first NMOS tube is connected with a second end of the second resistor, a source of the first NMOS tube and a second end of the first capacitor are grounded.

3. The battery powered circuit of claim 1, wherein, The control circuit comprises a third resistor, a second capacitor and a control chip; a detection pin of the control chip is connected with a second end of the third resistor and a first end of the second capacitor respectively, an output pin of the control chip is connected with a control end of the switching circuit; a first end of the third resistor is connected with an output end of the charging circuit, a first end of the super capacitor and the dynamic load respectively, a second end of the second capacitor is grounded.

4. The battery powered circuit of claim 3, wherein, The control circuit further comprises a fourth resistor and a third capacitor; a first end of the fourth resistor is connected with an input end of the charging circuit and a first end of the switching circuit respectively, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with a first end of the third capacitor and a power supply pin of the control chip respectively, a second end of the third capacitor is grounded.

5. The battery powered circuit of claim 4, wherein, The control circuit further comprises a fifth resistor; a first end of the fifth resistor is connected with a second end of the fourth resistor, a first end of the third capacitor and a power supply pin of the control chip respectively, a second end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output pin of the control chip and the control end of the switching circuit.

6. The battery powered circuit of claim 3, wherein, The control circuit further comprises a fourth capacitor; a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected with an output delay setting pin of the control chip, a second end of the fourth capacitor is grounded.

7. The battery powered circuit of claim 1, wherein, The charging circuit comprises a sixth resistor; A first end of the sixth resistor is connected to a first end of the switch circuit, and a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to a second end of the switch circuit, a first end of the super capacitor, a detection end of the control circuit, and the dynamic load respectively.

8. The battery powered circuit of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The control circuit is further configured to send an off signal to the switch circuit when detecting that the capacitor voltage is lower than a preset voltage. The switch circuit is further configured to cut off the connection between the positive electrode of the battery and the dynamic load when receiving the off signal.

9. A battery powered system, characterized by The battery power supply system adopts the battery power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device adopts the battery power supply system according to claim 9.

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