Simple tomato soilless culture device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a simple device for tomato soilless culture, which belongs to the technical field of modern agriculture and comprises an assembled tray, a plant fixing frame and a sunshade support frame, the top surface of the assembled tray is recessed downwards to form two cylindrical planting grooves, four support bosses are uniformly arranged at the bottoms in the planting grooves, and the sunshade support frame is arranged on the top surface of the assembled tray. A plurality of buckles are arranged on the side edges of the top face of the assembly type tray, the assembly type tray is spliced and combined with at least one same assembly type tray through the buckles, the plant fixing frame is connected to the upper portion of the assembly type tray, two fixing holes are formed in the plant fixing frame, the two fixing holes correspond to the vertical positions of the two planting grooves, and the plant fixing frame is connected to the upper portion of the plant fixing frame. The sunshade supporting frame is connected to the upper portion of the plant fixing frame. The soil preparation cost is remarkably reduced, the use amount of coco coir is remarkably smaller than that of coco coir strip planting and semi-soilless culture modes while the requirement for tomato crop rotation planting is met, multiple sets of combined use is flexible and variable, and the planting cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of modern agricultural technology, and in particular to a simple device for hydroponics of tomatoes. Background Technology

[0002] As of 2020, my country's tomato cultivation area exceeded 1.1115 million hectares, with a total tomato output of 64.8658 million tons, accounting for 22% and 34.72% of the world's total, respectively. Among these, greenhouse cultivation area is showing a gradual expansion trend, currently exceeding 642,000 hectares, accounting for 57.89% of the total. However, due to the prevalence of soil-based cultivation in my country's greenhouse tomato cultivation, continuous cropping has become an inevitable trend with the increasing industrialization of agriculture. Furthermore, the limited leaching of soil in greenhouses leads to severe soil pollution, decreased fertility, and increased soil-borne pests and diseases, significantly impacting planting efficiency. Soilless cultivation technology, as an important method for high-quality and efficient modern vegetable production internationally, is the only effective measure to solve soil-related continuous cropping obstacles, improve fertilizer utilization, and increase yield and quality. Compared to soil cultivation, soilless cultivation can effectively increase fertilizer utilization by more than 60% and yield by more than 50%.

[0003] Currently, there are two main hydroponic cultivation models for tomatoes in my country: one is the coconut coir strip cultivation model, and the other is the semi-hydroponic cultivation model. Although these models have achieved some success, the following problems still exist:

[0004] (1) Coconut coir strip planting mode: Generally, coconut coir strips are placed directly on the planting rack for planting. However, this method has the following problems: 1) Large amount of coconut coir input. Taking a 1000 square meter greenhouse as an example, the number of coconut coir strips required is 560, the volume of a single coconut coir strip is 15L, and the total coconut coir input volume is 8400L; 2) Difficult to plant continuously. In terms of crop rotation, because coconut coir strips contain the roots of the previous crop and pathogens, it is impossible to plant continuously. Generally, only one crop can be planted, which increases the cost of coconut coir input and land preparation.

[0005] (2) Semi-soilless cultivation mode: Generally, planting trenches of 15cm (depth) * 15cm (width) are dug in each planting row in the field, then ground cover is laid in the trenches, then guide plates are laid, and coconut coir is laid on the guide plates; or coconut coir is laid directly in the trenches. This planting mode also has the following problems: 1) Large amount of coconut coir input: Taking a 1000 square meter greenhouse as an example, the total volume of coconut coir required is about 12600L; 2) Cannot completely isolate the influence of soil. During the planting process, the roots may penetrate into the soil along the coconut coir, causing pathogens in the soil to harm the crop roots; 3) High land preparation cost. After each crop is finished, all coconut coir needs to be cleaned up manually and new coconut coir needs to be laid, which increases the land preparation cost.

[0006] Based on this, in order to facilitate the better promotion of soilless cultivation technology, and to address the shortcomings of existing soilless tomato cultivation technology, a simple soilless tomato cultivation device is proposed to make soilless cultivation technology more practical. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a simple device for hydroponics of tomatoes, which uses flower pots for hydroponics to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A simple hydroponic tomato cultivation device includes an assembled tray, a plant fixing frame, and a shading support frame. The top surface of the assembled tray is recessed to form two cylindrical planting troughs. Each planting trough has four supporting protrusions at its bottom. Several buckles are provided on the sides of the top surface of the assembled tray. The assembled tray is assembled with at least one identical assembled tray through the buckles. The plant fixing frame is connected above the assembled tray and has two fixing holes, which correspond vertically to the two planting troughs. The shading support frame is connected above the plant fixing frame.

[0010] Preferably, the top surface of the assembled tray has a rectangular structure, including a first long side and a second long side, and a first short side and a second short side. The buckle includes a matching semi-circular protrusion and a semi-circular groove. The first long side and the first short side are provided with semi-circular protrusions, and the second long side and the second short side are provided with semi-circular grooves. Several assembled trays are spliced ​​together by engaging the semi-circular protrusions with the semi-circular grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the plant fixing frame includes a first T-shaped bracket and two fixing holes. The first T-shaped bracket includes a first parallel section and a first vertical section perpendicularly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the first parallel section. The two fixing holes are respectively located at both ends of the first parallel section. Each fixing hole is composed of two semi-circular connecting pieces, forming a notch between the two semi-circular connecting pieces. An open circular hole is provided on the inner circular wall of the fixing hole.

[0012] Preferably, the first vertical section is a solid cylindrical structure, and a first pin is provided at the bottom of the first vertical section. A first insertion hole is provided on the assembled tray between the two planting troughs. The first pin matches the first insertion hole, and the plant fixing frame is connected to the assembled tray by inserting the first pin into the first insertion hole.

[0013] Preferably, the shading support frame includes a second T-shaped bracket, which includes a second parallel section and a second vertical section perpendicularly connected to the center of the second parallel section. Two support holes are respectively opened at both ends of the second parallel section. The second vertical section is a solid cylindrical structure. A second pin is provided at the bottom of the second vertical section. A second insertion hole is provided at the center of the top surface of the first parallel section. The second pin matches the second insertion hole. The shading support frame is connected to the plant fixing frame by inserting the second pin into the second insertion hole.

[0014] Preferably, the top surface of the assembled tray and the two planting troughs are provided with several hollow openings.

[0015] Preferably, the assembled tray, plant fixing frame, and sunshade support frame are all made of plastic.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1) The simple hydroponic tomato cultivation device of this utility model can be placed directly on the planting row, requiring only land leveling, without the need to dig planting trenches or create ridges, significantly reducing land preparation costs. Furthermore, the trays in this solution are reusable, reducing agricultural input costs.

[0018] 2) This device allows for the direct placement of 12-15cm flowerpots within the tray. Coconut coir is then placed inside the flowerpots, and tomato seedlings can be directly transplanted into them. Taking a 12cm flowerpot as an example, with a single pot volume of 0.6L and a density of 4 seedlings per square meter, the total volume of coconut coir used in a 1000 square meter greenhouse is 2400L. While meeting the needs of intercropping tomato production, the amount of coconut coir used is significantly less than that used in coconut coir strip planting and semi-hydroponics methods.

[0019] 3) This device fully considers the issues of fixing the base of the tomato plants and providing shade at the top after the plants have grown. After fixing the base with the plant fixing frame, all tomatoes grow in the same direction, preventing the tomato stems from leaning to one side or the other. In addition, a shade net is laid on the shade support frame (all top devices in the same planting row), which can block sunlight and reduce the root temperature in summer, and can retain heat and moisture in winter, promoting the absorption of nutrients by the roots.

[0020] 4) In large-scale planting, multiple sets of this device can be used in combination. On the one hand, it provides greater fixation and sturdiness; on the other hand, after each planting cycle, the flowerpots and plants can be directly removed for reuse. Furthermore, since the amount of coconut coir used in the flowerpots is small, the coconut coir in the flowerpots can be directly replaced after planting, reducing planting costs and eliminating the impact of soil or previous crop coconut coir on subsequent crops, completely preventing continuous cropping problems. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the two present inventions are assembled together;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled tray structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plant fixing frame structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top plan view of the plant fixing frame of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sunshade support frame structure of this utility model.

[0026] Figure Labels

[0027] 1. Assembled tray; 11. Planting trough; 12. Buckle; 13. Semi-circular protrusion; 14. Semi-circular groove; 15. First insertion hole; 16. Hole opening; 17. Support boss; 18. First long side; 19. Second long side; 20. First short side; 30. Second short side; 2. Plant fixing frame; 21. First T-shaped bracket; 22. First vertical section; 23. First horizontal section; 24. First pin; 25. Second insertion hole; 26. Fixing hole; 27. Semi-circular connecting piece; 28. Open round hole; 29. ​​Notch; 3. Shade support frame; 31. Second T-shaped bracket; 32. Second vertical section; 33. Second horizontal section; 34. Second pin; 35. Support hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a simple hydroponic tomato cultivation device consists of three parts: an assembled tray 1, a plant fixing frame 2, and a sunshade support frame 3. All three parts are made of plastic. In use, the assembled trays 1 are arranged according to the planting density and placed on the planting row. Multiple trays can also be used for fixing.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the top surface of the assembled tray 1 is recessed downward to form two cylindrical planting troughs 11. The planting troughs 11 have a diameter of 12-15cm. The bottom of the planting troughs 11 is evenly provided with four supporting protrusions 17, which are 2-3cm high. When in use, the flower pots are placed directly on the supporting protrusions 17, keeping the flower pots 2-3cm off the ground to facilitate ventilation. The top surface of the assembled tray 1 and the two planting troughs 11 are provided with several hollow openings 16 to reduce weight and save materials.

[0031] The top side of the assembled tray 1 is provided with 6 buckles 12. The assembled tray 1 is spliced ​​and combined with at least one identical assembled tray 1 through the buckles 12. The plant fixing frame 2 is connected above the assembled tray 1, and the shading support frame 3 is connected above the plant fixing frame 2.

[0032] The top surface of the assembled tray 1 is rectangular, with dimensions of 40cm in length and 20cm in width. It includes opposing first long sides 18 and second long sides 19, and opposing first short sides 20 and second short sides 30. The six buckles 12 include three matching semi-circular protrusions 13 and three semi-circular grooves 14, each with a diameter of 2cm. The first long side 18 has two semi-circular protrusions 13, the first short side 20 has one semi-circular protrusion 13, the second long side 19 has two semi-circular grooves 14, and the second short side 30 has one semi-circular groove 14. Several assembled trays 1 can be spliced ​​and combined by engaging the semi-circular protrusions 13 with the semi-circular grooves 14. When using multiple trays in combination, they can be connected and combined in any direction and fixed using the buckles 12.

[0033] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the plant fixing frame 2 includes a first T-shaped bracket 21 and two fixing holes 26. The first T-shaped bracket 21 includes a first parallel section and a first vertical section 22 connected vertically to the center of the bottom surface of the first parallel section. The fixing holes 26 have a diameter of 2-3 cm. The two fixing holes 26 are respectively located at both ends of the first parallel section. The first horizontal section 23 is 20 cm long. The two fixing holes 26 correspond vertically to the two planting troughs 11. The fixing holes 26 are composed of two semi-circular connecting pieces 27. A notch 29 is formed between the two semi-circular connecting pieces 27. The two connecting pieces can be deformed and separated to a certain extent from the notch 29. After separation, the plant stem can be placed in it to fix the plant.

[0034] An open circular hole 28 with a diameter of 1-5 mm is provided on the inner circular wall of the fixing hole 26 for fixing drip irrigation tubes with different flow rates. A second insertion hole 25 is provided at the center of the top surface of the first parallel section. The second insertion hole 25 has a diameter of 0.3-0.5 cm and a depth of 2 cm.

[0035] The first vertical section 22 is 15-20cm high, is a solid cylindrical structure, and has a diameter of 0.5-0.7cm. The bottom of the first vertical section 22 has a first pin 24, 2cm high and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter. The assembled tray 1 between the two planting troughs 11 has a first insertion hole 15, 0.3-0.5cm in diameter and 2cm deep. The first pin 24 matches the first insertion hole 15. The plant fixing bracket 2 is connected to the assembled tray 1 by inserting the first pin 24 into the first insertion hole 15.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, the shading support frame 3 includes a second T-shaped bracket 31, which includes a second parallel section and a second vertical section 32 connected vertically to the center of the second parallel section. The second horizontal section 33 is 40cm long. Two support holes 35 with a diameter of 1-3mm are opened at both ends of the second parallel section, which are used to fix the shading net laid on the upper part with iron wire, nylon thread, etc., so as to protect the root environment.

[0037] The second vertical section 32 is a solid cylindrical structure with a height of 10-15cm. The bottom of the second vertical section 32 is provided with a second pin 34, which is 2cm high and 0.3-0.5cm in diameter. The second pin 34 matches the second insertion hole 25. The shading support frame 3 is connected to the plant fixing frame 2 by inserting the second pin 34 into the second insertion hole 25.

[0038] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0039] 1) After leveling the ground in the greenhouse, continuously lay the assembled trays 1 according to the planting density. The trays can be laid in a single row longitudinally or in two rows transversely. When laying, the two trays are connected and fixed with semi-circular buckles 12; 2) Place flower pots filled with coconut coir on the assembled trays 1. The diameter of the flower pots should be the same as the diameter of the pots in the planting troughs 11 of the assembled trays 1; 3) Lay the plant fixing frame 2 and adjust its direction to keep the two fixing holes 26 of the plant fixing frame 2 in the center of the two planting troughs 11 at the bottom; 4) Lay the drip irrigation pipe and insert the drip irrigation pipe into the open round hole in the plant fixing frame 2. 28. Fix the drip irrigation pipe within the pot, ensuring the bottom is directly above the flowerpot; 5) Plant seedlings; Plant tomato seedlings or large seedlings in the flowerpot and place the plant stems in the fixing holes 26 of the plant fixing frame 2; 6) Lay a shading support frame 3 above the plant fixing frame 2. The horizontal direction of the shading support frame 3 is perpendicular to the direction of the planting row, and the shading support frames 3 are in the same direction within the same planting row; 7) Lay a 40cm shading net above the shading support frame 3 and use wire or nylon rope to pass through the shading net and fix it in the support holes 35 on the shading support frame 3 to achieve the effect of shading and heat preservation; 8) Conduct production management according to the production plan.

[0040] In past planting practices, flower pots were mostly used for growing flowers, leafy vegetables, and other crops, with little experience in planting solanaceous crops. However, practical experience has shown that flower pots, on the one hand, can meet the needs of tomato crop rotation, and on the other hand, due to their low coconut coir content, can significantly improve the growth rate of the above-ground parts.

[0041] This invention abandons the traditional methods of land preparation, ridging, and digging planting trenches. It can be laid directly on the ground and the device can be reused, significantly reducing planting costs.

[0042] This invention fully considers the functions of irrigation and shading. On the one hand, it fixes the drip irrigation pipe to prevent it from tilting. On the other hand, it provides shade at the top, which can significantly reduce the root temperature in summer, preventing root absorption difficulties and the probability of blossom-end rot in tomatoes due to excessively high root temperatures. In addition, it can retain moisture and increase temperature in the roots in winter.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple device for soilless culture of tomato plants, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of including assembled tray, plant fixing frame and sunshade support frame, the top surface of the assembled tray is formed with two cylindrical planting grooves downwards, the bottom of the planting groove is divided into four support bosses, the side of the top surface of the assembled tray is equipped with several buckles, and the assembled tray is spliced by buckle and at least one identical assembled tray, the plant fixing frame is connected above the assembled tray, and the plant fixing frame is equipped with two fixing holes, the two fixing holes correspond to the vertical position of two planting grooves, and the sunshade support frame is connected above the plant fixing frame.

2. A simple device for soilless culture of tomato plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the assembled tray is rectangular structure, including opposite first long side and second long side, opposite first short side and second short side, the buckle includes matching semicircular lug and semicircular groove, the first long side and the first short side are equipped with semicircular lug, the second long side and the second short side are equipped with semicircular groove, and several assembled trays are spliced by semicircular lug and semicircular groove.

3. A simple device for soilless culture of tomato plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant fixing frame includes first T-shaped support and two fixing holes, the first T-shaped support includes first parallel section and first vertical section connected at the center position of the bottom surface of first parallel section, two fixing holes are respectively arranged at both ends of first parallel section, the fixing hole is composed of two semicircular connecting sheets, and the gap is formed between the two semicircular connecting sheets, and the inner circular wall of the fixing hole is provided with open circular hole.

4. A simple device for soilless culture of tomatoes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first vertical section is solid cylindrical structure, the first vertical section is provided with first bolt at bottom end, the assembled tray between two planting grooves is provided with first insertion hole, the first bolt is matched with the first insertion hole, and the plant fixing frame is connected on the assembled tray by inserting the first bolt into the first insertion hole.

5. A simple device for soilless culture of tomatoes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sunshade support frame includes second T-shaped support, the second T-shaped support includes second parallel section and second vertical section connected at the center position of second parallel section, two support holes are respectively arranged at both ends of second parallel section, the second vertical section is solid cylindrical structure, the second vertical section is provided with second bolt at bottom end, the center position of the top surface of first parallel section is provided with second insertion hole, the second bolt is matched with the second insertion hole, and the sunshade support frame is connected on the plant fixing frame by inserting the second bolt into the second insertion hole.

6. A simple device for soilless culture of tomato plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the assembled tray and two planting grooves are provided with several hollows.

7. A simple device for soilless culture of tomato plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembled tray, plant fixing frame and sunshade support frame are all plastic material.

Images