Supercritical wall breaking device for whole grains

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cereal processing devices, and particularly relates to a supercritical wall breaking device for cereals. The supercritical wall breaking device comprises a supercritical extraction cavity and a conical wall breaking main body, and a discharge port of the supercritical extraction cavity is connected with a feed port of the conical wall breaking main body through a pressure regulating valve; the conical wall breaking main body adopts a tapered cone structure; the conical wall-breaking main body is divided into a wall-breaking area and a turbulence acceleration area, a spiral flow deflector is arranged on the wall-breaking area, and the screw pitch is gradually reduced along the material movement direction; and sawtooth-shaped surface bulges are arranged in the turbulence acceleration area. According to the supercritical wall breaking device for the whole grains provided by the utility model, efficient breaking of cell walls of the whole grains is realized, and meanwhile, nutritional ingredients are reserved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of grain processing devices, specifically relating to a supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, processing methods for whole grains have been a key research focus in the food processing industry. As people increasingly pursue healthy eating, the drawbacks of traditional processing methods are becoming more and more apparent.

[0003] Currently, mechanical grinding and high-temperature processing are the main methods for processing grains. Mechanical grinding uses external mechanical force to crush particles; however, in this process, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, causing heat-sensitive nutrients, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, and various enzymes, to be inactivated or decomposed at high temperatures. Numerous studies have shown that after mechanical grinding, the vitamin retention rate in grains is often less than 50%, severely reducing the nutritional value of the product. Moreover, mechanical grinding is unlikely to completely break down cell walls, leaving many nutrients trapped inside and unable to be released. The human body's absorption rate of these nutrients is less than 30%, indicating low cell wall breaking efficiency. High-temperature processing is equally problematic. Excessive temperatures not only cause significant nutrient loss but also trigger Maillard reactions, altering the flavor and color of the product and affecting its taste.

[0004] Supercritical fluid technology, as an emerging green technology, has garnered widespread attention in the food and pharmaceutical fields. Supercritical fluids possess characteristics of both gases and liquids, enabling rapid dissolution and diffusion of solutes, exhibiting advantages such as high efficiency, speed, and strong selectivity in extraction. However, supercritical fluid technology faces numerous challenges in the disruption of solid particles. While existing supercritical carbon dioxide disruption technology has made some progress in pressure and temperature control, its equipment structural design has significant flaws. Traditional disruption devices lack sufficient control over material flow, resulting in chaotic material movement within the device and varying degrees of contact with the disruption components, leading to inconsistent disruption levels. Furthermore, material is prone to accumulation and blockage, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, severely impacting production efficiency.

[0005] The separation process after cell wall disruption is also a major challenge. Currently, the separation efficiency between supercritical fluids and crushed materials is relatively low, requiring a large amount of energy to achieve separation. The energy consumption of the separation process accounts for more than 40% of the total production energy consumption, which greatly increases production costs and is inconsistent with the development concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology and provide a supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains, which can achieve efficient breaking of the cell walls of grains while retaining nutrients.

[0007] The supercritical cell-wall breaking device for grains and cereals described in this utility model includes a supercritical extraction chamber and a conical cell-wall breaking body. The outlet of the supercritical extraction chamber is connected to the inlet of the conical cell-wall breaking body through a pressure regulating valve. The conical cell-wall breaking body adopts a tapered cone structure.

[0008] The conical cell-breaking body is divided into a cell-breaking zone and a turbulent acceleration zone. A spiral guide vane is provided in the cell-breaking zone, with the pitch decreasing along the direction of material movement. A serrated surface protrusion is provided in the turbulent acceleration zone.

[0009] Preferably, the cone angle of the cone-shaped wall-breaking body is 30-60°, and the surface roughness of the inner wall is Ra≥3.2μm.

[0010] Preferably, the cone angle of the cone-shaped wall-breaking body is 45°.

[0011] Preferably, the protrusions are arranged in an array of triangular prisms, and the height of the protrusions is 1-3mm.

[0012] Preferably, the pitch of the spiral guide vane is L1>L2>L3.

[0013] Preferably, the gas inlet of the supercritical extraction chamber is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank, and a pressure valve is installed on the connected gas pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the supercritical extraction chamber is provided with a feed inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the discharge port of the cone-shaped crusher is equipped with a collection bin, and the collection bin is provided with a vacuum interface.

[0016] The supercritical extraction chamber is used to hold grains and cereals and is connected to a carbon dioxide storage tank. The injection pressure of carbon dioxide is adjusted by a pressure valve to make the carbon dioxide reach a supercritical state (7.38 MPa, 31°C).

[0017] The conical cell disruptor is connected to the supercritical extraction chamber via a pressure regulating valve. It adopts a tapered conical structure with a cone angle of 30-60°, preferably 45°. The conical cell disruptor is divided into a cell disruption zone, which is equipped with spiral guide vanes with a decreasing pitch along the material movement direction (L1>L2>L3) to guide the material in a spiral acceleration motion. The inner wall of the turbulent acceleration zone is provided with serrated surface protrusions. The protrusions are arranged in an array of triangular prisms with a height of 1-3mm to generate local vortices and enhance the cell disruption effect.

[0018] The collection bin is located at the discharge port of the cone-shaped crusher and is used to collect the crushed material. The collection bin is equipped with a vacuum interface to maintain a negative pressure environment.

[0019] The supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains described in this utility model involves the following steps: During operation, the grain material enters the supercritical extraction chamber through the feed inlet; carbon dioxide is pressurized to a supercritical state and then injected into the extraction chamber, where the material is fully immersed under the action of supercritical carbon dioxide; the material then enters the conical cell wall breaking body through a pressure regulating valve under pressure; a spiral guide vane guides the material to move in a spiral acceleration motion, which, together with the tapered cone, forms a pressure gradient to achieve initial cell wall breaking; the material enters the turbulent acceleration zone, where the serrated surface protrusions generate local eddies, further breaking down the cell walls; the broken material enters the collection bin, where a negative pressure environment is maintained through a vacuum interface to prevent oxidation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] This invention relates to a supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains and cereals. The synergistic effect of the spiral guide vanes and the turbulent acceleration zone increases the cell wall breaking efficiency by more than 40%. The low-temperature characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide effectively preserve heat-sensitive nutrients. The processing time is reduced to 1 / 3 of the traditional process, and energy consumption is reduced by more than 30%. The integrated design makes it easy to maintain and clean. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains of this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Supercritical extraction chamber; 2. Conical cell disruptor; 3. Spiral guide vane; 4. Collection bin; 5. Pressure regulating valve; 6. Turbulent acceleration zone; 7. Protrusion; 8. Vacuum interface; 9. Feed inlet; 10. Carbon dioxide storage tank; 11. Pressure valve; 12. Cell disruption zone. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the supercritical cell wall breaking device for grains includes a supercritical extraction chamber 1 and a conical cell wall breaking body 2. The outlet of the supercritical extraction chamber 1 is connected to the inlet of the conical cell wall breaking body 2 through a pressure regulating valve 5. The conical cell wall breaking body 2 adopts a tapered cone structure.

[0026] The conical cell-breaking body 2 is divided into a cell-breaking zone 12 and a turbulent acceleration zone 6. A spiral guide vane 3 is provided on the cell-breaking zone 12, with the pitch decreasing along the direction of material movement. A serrated surface protrusion 7 is provided in the turbulent acceleration zone 6.

[0027] The discharge port of the cone-shaped crusher body 2 is equipped with a collection bin 4, and the collection bin 4 is equipped with a vacuum interface 8.

[0028] The gas inlet of the supercritical extraction chamber 1 is connected to the carbon dioxide storage tank 10, and a pressure valve 11 is installed on the connected gas pipeline.

[0029] The supercritical extraction chamber 1 is provided with a feed inlet 9.

[0030] The supercritical extraction chamber 1 is made of pressure-resistant stainless steel, with a volume of 10L and a working pressure of 10MPa; the conical wall-breaking body 2 has a preferred cone angle of 45°, a length of 800mm, and an inner wall surface roughness Ra≥3.2μm; the spiral guide vanes 3 have a pitch that decreases sequentially from the inlet to the outlet, with specific parameters L1=50mm, L2=30mm, and L3=15mm; the turbulent acceleration zone 6 has serrated surface protrusions 7 in the shape of equilateral triangles, with a height of 2mm and a spacing of 5mm; the collection bin 4 has a volume of 20L, and the vacuum interface 8 is connected to a vacuum pump to maintain a negative pressure of -0.05MPa.

[0031] During operation, grains and cereals enter the supercritical extraction chamber 1 through the feed inlet 9; carbon dioxide is pressurized to a supercritical state and then injected into the extraction chamber, where the material is fully soaked under the action of supercritical carbon dioxide; the material enters the conical cell wall breaking body 2 under pressure drive through the pressure regulating valve 5; the spiral guide vane 3 guides the material to make spiral acceleration motion, which, together with the gradually narrowing cone, forms a pressure gradient to achieve initial cell wall breaking; the material enters the turbulent acceleration zone 6, where the serrated surface protrusions 7 generate local eddies, further breaking the cell walls; the broken material enters the collection bin 4, where a negative pressure environment is maintained through the vacuum interface 8 to prevent oxidation of the material.

[0032] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the above examples, and all equivalent changes and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this utility model should be included in the patent coverage of this utility model.

Claims

1. A supercritical cell-wall breaking device for grains, characterized in that: The application relates to a supercritical extraction cavity (1) and a conical wall-breaking main body (2), wherein the discharge port of the supercritical extraction cavity (1) is connected with the feeding port of the conical wall-breaking main body (2) through a pressure regulating valve (5); and the conical wall-breaking main body (2) adopts a gradually-reduced conical structure. The conical wall-breaking main body (2) is divided into a wall-breaking area (12) and a turbulent flow acceleration area (6), the wall-breaking area (12) is provided with helical guide vanes (3) with a pitch gradually decreasing along the material movement direction, and the turbulent flow acceleration area (6) is provided with zigzag surface protrusions (7).

2. The supercritical grain wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical angle of the conical wall-breaking main body (2) is 30-60 DEG, and the surface roughness Ra of the inner wall is greater than or equal to 3.2 mu m.

3. The supercritical grain wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical angle of the conical wall-breaking main body (2) is 45 DEG.

4. The grain supercritical cell wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusions (7) are arrayed triangular columnar protrusions with a height of 1-3 mm.

5. The grain supercritical cell wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch L1 of the helical guide vanes (3) is greater than L2, and L2 is greater than L3.

6. The grain supercritical cell wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas inlet of the supercritical extraction cavity (1) is connected with a carbon dioxide storage tank (10), and a pressure valve (11) is arranged on the connected gas pipeline.

7. The grain supercritical cell wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercritical extraction cavity (1) is provided with a feeding port (9).

8. The grain supercritical cell wall breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port of the conical wall-breaking main body (2) is provided with a material collecting bin (4), and the material collecting bin (4) is provided with a vacuum interface (8).

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