Multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristic experimental device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of combustion characteristic experiment equipment, and particularly relates to a multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristic experiment device, which comprises a furnace body, a condensation barrel, a crucible, a thermocouple, a fan, an electronic scale and a computer, and is characterized in that the crucible is connected with the electronic scale through a crucible frame; the furnace body comprises a heat insulation upper cover, a metal furnace barrel, a resistance furnace sleeve, an air distribution barrel, an air inlet pipe and a smoke outlet pipe, the resistance furnace sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the metal furnace barrel, the air distribution barrel is arranged on the inner side of the metal furnace barrel, an air inlet valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe, a fan is arranged on the smoke outlet pipe, an air outlet valve is arranged at an outlet of the smoke outlet pipe, and part of the smoke outlet pipe is immersed in water of the condensation barrel; dense holes are formed in the lower one-third range of the air distribution barrel. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the closed furnace body is adopted, reliable combustion can be carried out, the mass of a burnt material can be monitored in real time, and the gas thermodynamic principle is met, so that the material is heated more uniformly, the combustion is more sufficient, the experimental data is more accurate, and the data analysis requirement is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of combustion characteristic testing technology, and in particular relates to a multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristic testing device. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel combustion is a complex physicochemical process in which the combustible components of fuel undergo a violent chemical reaction with oxygen under high-temperature conditions, releasing a large amount of heat. The type and characteristics of fuel have a significant impact on the safe and economical operation of boilers, boiler design, and burner configuration. Therefore, in-depth research into the combustion characteristics of fuels is of great importance for optimizing combustion systems and improving energy efficiency.

[0003] Existing research indicates that various factors in the combustion environment significantly affect the combustion characteristics of fuels. For example, research by Wang Chunbo et al. found that water vapor has a significant impact on the combustion characteristics of coal char, especially at low oxygen concentrations. This impact is closely related to factors such as reaction temperature, oxygen concentration, and degree of coalification. Research by Chen Yi et al. shows that oxygen content has a certain influence on the combustion characteristics of biomass fuels and proposed a method using relative weight loss rate to describe the combustion characteristic index. Chinese utility model patent application number 202022955346.0 discloses a device for studying the effect of water vapor concentration on the combustion characteristics of pulverized coal, which controls the experimental environment through separated upper and lower chambers and multiple air inlet pipes. However, these existing devices are often designed for specific research purposes and lack versatility and flexibility.

[0004] In addition, existing combustion characteristic experimental devices have the following shortcomings: 1) The accuracy of real-time monitoring of fuel mass changes is insufficient; it is difficult to adapt to various atmospheric composition changes in the experimental environment; and it cannot adapt to the comprehensive analysis of temperature, mass and gas composition changes during fuel combustion.

[0005] These limitations make it difficult for researchers to comprehensively and accurately analyze the combustion characteristics of solid fuels under different conditions, thus affecting the depth and breadth of related research. To address these issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional experimental device for solid fuel combustion characteristics, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. It adopts a closed furnace body to ensure reliable combustion and real-time monitoring of the quality of the burnt material, making the material heated evenly and burn completely. It is equipped with multiple input channels for adjusting the furnace atmosphere separately and multiple flue gas output channels for convenient collection and analysis of various gases in the flue gas, thereby making the experimental data more accurate and meeting the requirements of comprehensive data analysis.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution:

[0008] A multifunctional experimental apparatus for solid fuel combustion characteristics includes a furnace body, a condenser, a crucible, a thermocouple, a fan, an electronic scale, and a computer. The furnace body has an open-top structure and is equipped with an inlet pipe and a smoke outlet pipe. A flow meter is installed on the inlet pipe. The computer is connected to the thermocouple, electronic scale, and flow meter via a data cable. An inlet valve is installed on the inlet pipe, and an outlet valve is installed at the outlet of the smoke outlet pipe. The electronic scale is mounted on a heat-insulating frame on the top of the furnace body, and the crucible is connected to the electronic scale via a crucible frame. The furnace body includes a heat-insulating top cover, a metal furnace barrel, a resistance furnace sleeve, an air distribution duct, an inlet pipe, and a smoke outlet pipe. The resistance furnace sleeve is located on the outside of the metal furnace barrel, and the air distribution duct is located on the inside of the metal furnace barrel. A fan is installed on the smoke outlet pipe, and part of the smoke outlet pipe is immersed in water in the condenser. The lower third of the air distribution duct has dense holes. A pressure gauge is installed at the inlet of the smoke outlet pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the air distribution duct is in the shape of a cylindrical tube, with asbestos gaskets on its upper and lower edges, which, after installation, abut against the heat-insulating top cover and the bottom of the metal furnace duct, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the condenser tank is provided with a condensate discharge pipe, and a valve is provided on the condensate discharge pipe. The condensate discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the partial smoke outlet pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the electronic scale is a precision LCD scale with a specification of 120g / 0.1mg.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe has two or more exhaust valves; the intake pipe has two or more intake valves.

[0013] Furthermore, a resistance wire is provided inside the resistance furnace sleeve; a thermocouple is provided near the crucible; a gas sealing sleeve is provided between the heat-insulating cover and the crucible rack, and gas sealing holes are evenly provided on the inner wall of the gas sealing sleeve. The axis of the gas sealing holes forms an angle α of 15-20° with the horizontal downward direction. A gas sealing pipe is connected to the outside of the gas sealing sleeve, and a regulating valve is provided on the gas sealing pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the total through area of ​​the dense holes is 1.2-2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the inlet of the flue pipe is provided with a re-catalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification agent tray.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1) The closed furnace body can reliably carry out combustion and monitor the quality of the burnt material in real time. The gas flow direction in the furnace body is from bottom to top, which conforms to the gas thermodynamic principle, so that the material is heated more evenly and the combustion is more complete. It has obvious advantages in terms of the stability and controllability of the experimental environment.

[0018] 2) The furnace body is equipped with multiple input channels, which can be used to adjust the furnace atmosphere and control the flow rate, and to complete combustion performance tests under various environmental atmospheres.

[0019] 3) The furnace body is equipped with multiple flue gas output channels, which facilitates the collection and analysis of various gases in the flue gas. It can be connected to different analytical devices without interface conflict issues, thereby making the experimental data more accurate and meeting the data analysis requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace body structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas seal sleeve structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] In the diagram: 1-furnace body, 2-condenser tank, 3-crucible, 4-thermocouple, 5-fan, 6-electronic scale, 7-insulated top cover, 8-metal furnace tank, 9-flow meter, 10-inlet pipe, 11-inlet valve, 12-exhaust pipe, 13-exhaust valve, 14-insulation rack, 15-crucible rack, 16-resistance furnace sleeve, 17-air distribution duct, 18-pressure gauge, 19-condensate drain pipe, 20-re-catalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification agent tray, 21-gas seal sleeve, 22-gas seal pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific embodiments used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the specific embodiments described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other specific embodiments can be obtained based on these specific embodiments without creative effort.

[0027] The components of the present invention described and shown in the specific embodiments herein can be arranged and designed in numerous different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the specific embodiments is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but only to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention.

[0028] See Figure 1-3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristic experimental device of this utility model. It includes a furnace body 1, a condenser 2, a crucible 3, a thermocouple 4, a fan 5, an electronic scale 6, and a computer. The furnace body 1 has an upper opening structure and is equipped with an inlet pipe 10 and a smoke outlet pipe 12. A flow meter 9 and an inlet valve 11 are installed on the inlet pipe 10. An outlet valve 13 is installed at the outlet of the smoke outlet pipe 12. The electronic scale 6 is mounted on a heat insulation rack 14 on the top of the furnace body 1. The crucible 3 is connected to the electronic scale 6 via a crucible rack 15 to ensure accurate weighing. The furnace body 1 includes a heat-insulated upper cover 7, a metal furnace barrel 8, a resistance furnace sleeve 16, and an air distribution unit. The furnace 17, inlet pipe 10, and outlet pipe 12, along with the heat-insulating cover 7 and metal furnace 8, are connected by threads for easy experimental operation. The resistance furnace sleeve 16 is located outside the metal furnace 8, and the air distribution sleeve 17 is located inside. A fan 5 is installed on the outlet pipe 12, and part of the outlet pipe 12 is immersed in water in the condenser tank 2. The lower third of the air distribution sleeve 17 has dense perforations. A pressure gauge 18 at the inlet of the outlet pipe 12 effectively monitors the pressure inside the furnace 1, ensuring experimental safety. The computer is connected to the thermocouple 4, electronic scale 6, pressure gauge 18, and flow meter 9 via data cables, enabling real-time monitoring and recording of experimental data. The resistance furnace sleeve 16 ensures uniform heating. The air distribution sleeve 17 achieves uniform gas distribution, ensuring the uniformity and stability of airflow distribution during the experiment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. Through the combination of these technical features, the stability and controllability of the experimental environment are solved. The heat insulation rack 14 prevents high temperatures from affecting the electronic scale 6, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of experimental data. The heat insulation rack 14 can be made of high-temperature resistant materials, such as ceramic or refractory brick, to ensure good insulation performance in high-temperature environments. The electronic scale 6 can be a high-precision scale, such as a precision LCD scale with a capacity of 120g / 0.1mg, to ensure accurate measurement of the mass change of the fuel in the crucible 3. The 120g / 0.1mg capacity of the precision LCD scale means its maximum weighing capacity is 120 grams and its minimum division value is 0.1 milligrams. This scale 6 achieves extremely high measurement accuracy during experiments and is suitable for experimental scenarios requiring precise measurement of mass changes.

[0029] The air distribution chamber 17 is a cylindrical tube with asbestos gaskets along its upper and lower edges, which, after installation, abut against the bottom of the heat-insulating cover 7 and the metal furnace barrel 8, respectively. This design solves the sealing problem between the air distribution chamber 17 and the bottom of the heat-insulating cover 7 and the metal furnace barrel 8 during installation, ensuring the stability of the apparatus and the accuracy of the experiment. The asbestos gaskets can be made of high-density asbestos material to enhance their high-temperature resistance and sealing effect. Furthermore, the installation method of the asbestos gaskets can be further optimized, for example, by adding retaining rings or clamping devices to ensure that the asbestos gaskets do not shift or deform under high-temperature conditions.

[0030] The bottom of the condenser tank 2 is equipped with a condensate drain pipe 19, which has a valve. The condensate drain pipe 19 is connected to the bottom of part of the flue gas outlet pipe. The condensate drain pipe 19 can effectively drain condensate and prevent condensate accumulation. The valve facilitates condensate discharge and ensures the stable operation of the experimental apparatus. The condensate drain pipe 19 can be made of corrosion-resistant material to extend its service life. The valve can be manually or automatically controlled to adjust the condensate discharge rate as needed. The connection between the condensate drain pipe 19 and the flue gas outlet pipe 12 can be sealed with a joint to ensure a tight seal and prevent leakage.

[0031] The exhaust pipe 12 has two or more exhaust valves 13; the intake pipe 10 has two or more intake valves 11. The use of multiple valves allows for more precise control of the intake and exhaust flow rates and speeds during combustion, thereby improving the accuracy and controllability of combustion experiments. These technical features work together to ensure more flexible control of intake and exhaust under different experimental conditions. Specifically, the number of exhaust valves 13 on the exhaust pipe 12 and intake valves 11 on the intake pipe 10 can be adjusted according to experimental needs. This allows for real-time measurement by the flue gas analyzer and flue gas collection, facilitating the determination of flue gas composition and yield. It effectively captures and analyzes the main components in the flue gas, helping to assess combustion efficiency and pollutant emission levels. The multiple valves not only control the flow rates of different types of gases separately but also allow for the closure of some valves when needed, achieving more precise control. These valves can be controlled manually or automatically, further improving control accuracy and convenience.

[0032] A resistance wire is installed inside the resistance furnace jacket 16; a thermocouple 4 is located near the crucible 3. The resistance wire inside the resistance furnace jacket 16 provides the high-temperature environment required for combustion through heating. The thermocouple 4 near the crucible 3 is used to monitor temperature changes in real time during the combustion process, thereby achieving effective control and monitoring of the combustion process. By installing a resistance wire inside the resistance furnace jacket 16, a continuous and stable high-temperature environment can be ensured during the experiment, which is crucial for simulating different combustion conditions and studying combustion characteristics. The thermocouple 4 near the crucible 3 can monitor temperature changes in real time, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental data and providing a basis for adjusting combustion conditions.

[0033] The resistance wire can be configured in various ways, such as by selecting resistance wires of different specifications and materials to suit different experimental needs. The arrangement of the resistance wires can also be adjusted according to the specific structure of the experimental apparatus to ensure heating uniformity and stability. The installation position and number of thermocouples 4 can be optimized according to experimental requirements to obtain more accurate temperature data. A multi-point temperature monitoring system can be used, with multiple thermocouples 4 simultaneously monitoring temperature changes near the crucible 3, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring, constructing a more stable and controllable experimental environment, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental data, and contributing to in-depth research on the combustion characteristics of fuels.

[0034] The total passage area of ​​the dense orifices is 1.2-2 times, preferably 1.5 times, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet pipe 10, allowing gas to pass through the orifices more evenly and solving the problem of uneven gas distribution in the combustion experimental device. The diameter and spacing of these orifices can be adjusted according to specific needs to ensure that the total passage area reaches the required proportion. Specifically, these orifices can be processed using laser drilling or mechanical drilling technology to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the orifice diameter. In addition, to further improve the smoothness of gas flow, the inner wall of the orifices can be smoothed to reduce the resistance to gas flow.

[0035] See Figure 4 To prevent the adverse effects of high temperatures on the electronic scale, a gas sealing sleeve 21 is provided between the heat-insulating top cover 7 and the crucible rack 14. The inner wall of the gas sealing sleeve 21 is evenly provided with gas sealing holes, the axis of which forms an angle α of 15-20° with the horizontal downward direction. A gas sealing pipe 22 is connected to the outside of the gas sealing sleeve, and a regulating valve is provided on the gas sealing pipe 22 to regulate the flow rate of the cooling gas. The cooling gas can be nitrogen or argon. One or several gas sealing holes can be provided to achieve both cooling and sealing purposes.

[0036] In this embodiment of the invention, when determining the combustion and pyrolysis characteristic parameters of solid fuel, the solid fuel is first placed in a crucible 3 and heated by a resistance furnace sleeve 16. The resistance furnace sleeve 16 serves as the main heating device, and the heating process is regulated by a thermocouple 4 and a temperature control switch to ensure uniform heating of the fuel within a set temperature range, promoting stable combustion and pyrolysis reactions and making the heating process controllable. An electronic scale 6 records the weight loss of the sample in real time, which is crucial for monitoring the mass changes of solid fuel during combustion or pyrolysis, allowing for precise monitoring of the experimental process.

[0037] Thermocouple 4 is used to monitor the temperature distribution inside the reactor, providing higher temperature accuracy for the experiment. Flow meter 9 on the air inlet pipe can adjust the inlet flow rate, and air distribution box 17 achieves uniform air distribution, preventing excessive local airflow from blowing out the fuel in crucible 3 and reducing interference with the electronic balance measurement.

[0038] The gas inside the inlet pipe can be air or other combustion-supporting gases to meet the needs of different experiments, such as oxygen-enriched combustion. A re-catalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification agent tray 20 can also be installed on the air distribution tank 17 at the inlet of the flue gas pipe 12. The experimental combination of re-catalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification to reduce pollutant emissions is incorporated. The catalyst or desulfurization and denitrification agent is placed in the re-catalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification agent tray 20 to achieve secondary reaction of the flue gas.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional experimental apparatus for solid fuel combustion characteristics, characterized in that, The application relates to a kind of resistance furnace, including furnace body, condensing barrel, crucible, thermocouple, fan, electronic scale and computer, furnace body is upper open cover structure, furnace body is equipped with air inlet pipe and smoke outlet pipe, air inlet pipe is equipped with flowmeter, computer is connected with thermocouple, electronic scale, flowmeter by data line, air inlet pipe is equipped with air inlet valve, the outlet of smoke outlet pipe is equipped with air outlet valve, the electronic scale is arranged on the heat insulation frame of the top of furnace body, crucible is connected with electronic scale by crucible frame;The furnace body includes heat insulation upper cover, metal furnace barrel, resistance furnace sleeve, air distribution barrel, air inlet pipe and smoke outlet pipe, resistance furnace sleeve is arranged on the outside of metal furnace barrel, air distribution barrel is arranged on the inside of metal furnace barrel, fan is arranged on the smoke outlet pipe, and part of the smoke outlet pipe is immersed in the water of condensing barrel;The lower third range of air distribution barrel is provided with dense holes;The inlet of smoke outlet pipe is equipped with pressure gauge.

2. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air distribution barrel is in the shape of cylindrical tube, and asbestos ring is arranged on the upper edge and the lower edge of the air distribution barrel respectively, and the asbestos ring is respectively abutted with the heat insulation upper cover and the bottom of the metal furnace barrel after installation.

3. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the condensing barrel is provided with a condensate discharge pipe, the condensate discharge pipe is provided with a valve, and the condensate discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the part of the smoke outlet pipe.

4. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic scale is an electronic precision liquid crystal scale, and the specification is 120g / 0.1mg.

5. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet valve of the smoke outlet pipe is provided with two or more than two, and the air inlet valve of the air inlet pipe is provided with two or more than two.

6. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Resistance wire is arranged in the resistance furnace sleeve, thermocouple is arranged near the crucible, air seal sleeve is arranged between the heat insulation upper cover and the crucible frame, air seal holes are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the air seal sleeve, the axis of the air seal hole forms an angle alpha of 15-20 degrees with the horizontal downward, the outer side of the air seal sleeve is connected with air seal pipe, and the air seal pipe is provided with an adjusting valve.

7. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total passing area of the dense hole is 1.2-2 times of the cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe.

8. The multifunctional solid fuel combustion characteristics experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the smoke outlet pipe is provided with a disc of recatalytic reforming or desulfurization and denitrification medicament.

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