Battery thermal runaway measuring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery thermal runaway measuring device. The battery thermal runaway measuring device comprises an experiment cabin body, a plurality of sensors, a temperature system, a vacuum system, a measuring system and control equipment, the experiment cabin body forms a closed cavity, an air inlet is formed in the side wall of the experiment cabin body, and an air outlet is formed in the top of the experiment cabin body; the plurality of sensors are arranged in the experiment cabin body; the temperature system is connected with an air inlet of the experiment cabin body, and the vacuum system is connected with an air outlet of the experiment cabin body through a flue; the measuring system is arranged in the flue; the control device is connected with the multiple sensors, the temperature system and the vacuum system. By adopting the device and the method, thermal runaway of the battery under different air pressure and different temperature conditions can be simulated, thermal runaway reaction is observed, the combustion heat release rate of the battery in the thermal runaway process is monitored, and corresponding fire hazard after thermal runaway of the battery under specific air pressure and temperature is evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery testing technology, specifically to a battery thermal runaway measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are gradually being applied in various fields. If a battery experiences thermal runaway, it can easily cause a fire and affect the safety of electrical equipment.

[0003] Since thermal runaway has a variety of causes, in order to better study battery thermal runaway and assess its impact, there is an urgent need for a device that can safely and accurately measure thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a battery thermal runaway measurement device that can simulate battery thermal runaway under different air pressures and temperatures, observe the thermal runaway response, monitor the rate of heat release during the thermal runaway process, and assess the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery thermal runaway measurement device. The battery thermal runaway measurement device includes an experimental chamber, multiple sensors, a temperature system, a vacuum system, a measurement system, and control equipment. The experimental chamber forms a sealed cavity, with an air inlet on its side wall and an air outlet on its top. Multiple sensors are disposed inside the experimental chamber. The temperature system is connected to the air inlet of the experimental chamber, and the vacuum system is connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber via a flue. The measurement system is disposed within the flue. The control equipment is connected to the multiple sensors, the temperature system, and the vacuum system, respectively.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, adjusting the temperature and air pressure inside the experimental chamber can simulate battery thermal runaway under different air pressures and temperatures, observe the thermal runaway response, monitor the rate of heat release during the thermal runaway process, and assess the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures, thereby providing assistance for fire prevention and suppression.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sensor includes a pressure sensor disposed within the experimental chamber; the vacuum system includes a buffer chamber and a vacuum unit; the buffer chamber is connected to the outlet of the experimental chamber via a flue, and the vacuum unit is connected to the buffer chamber via an outlet pipe; control equipment is connected to both the pressure sensor and the vacuum unit. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting up the vacuum unit, the pressure within the experimental chamber can be adjusted, thereby simulating battery thermal runaway under different pressure conditions; by setting up the buffer chamber, multiple vacuum pumps can be connected in parallel, and a coordinating effect can be achieved between the experimental chamber and the vacuum unit, avoiding excessive pressure fluctuations within the experimental chamber caused by the vacuum unit drawing a vacuum, and also preventing flue gas from being directly discharged from the experimental chamber to the vacuum unit, resulting in insufficient measurement.

[0008] In some embodiments, the vacuum system further includes an exhaust regulating valve; the exhaust regulating valve is disposed in the exhaust pipeline; and the control device is also connected to the exhaust regulating valve. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the exhaust regulating valve disposed in the exhaust pipeline can adjust the exhaust flow rate of the flue gas, making the exhaust state of the flue gas more suitable for measurement, thereby better assessing battery thermal runaway.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sensor includes a temperature sensor disposed inside the experimental chamber; the temperature system includes a temperature control unit connected to the air inlet of the experimental chamber via an air inlet pipe; and control equipment is connected to both the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting up the temperature control unit, the temperature inside the experimental chamber can be adjusted, thereby simulating battery thermal runaway under different temperature conditions, and thus better evaluating the impact of thermal runaway.

[0010] In some embodiments, the temperature system further includes an intake flow meter and an intake regulating valve; the intake flow meter and the intake regulating valve are disposed in the intake pipeline; the control device is connected to the intake flow meter and the intake regulating valve respectively. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the intake flow meter can detect the flow rate of the gas entering the experimental chamber, thereby assisting the control device in controlling the temperature control unit and the intake regulating valve to achieve the effect of regulating the temperature inside the experimental chamber, and thus simulating battery thermal runaway under different temperature conditions.

[0011] In some embodiments, the temperature range inside the experimental chamber is -30°C to +85°C, and the air pressure range is 15 kPa to 95 kPa. In the technical solutions of this application embodiment, the temperature and air pressure inside the experimental chamber cover most scenarios. Therefore, it is possible to simulate battery thermal runaway under different conditions, thereby assessing the fire hazards corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures, and thus providing assistance for fire prevention and suppression.

[0012] In some embodiments, the measurement system includes a wind speed measurement component. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the wind speed measurement component can be used to measure the flow rate of smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke flow rate and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures.

[0013] In some embodiments, the measurement system further includes a temperature probe, which is set within a preset range of the wind speed measurement component; the temperature measurement range of the temperature probe is 0℃ to 1100℃. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the temperature of the smoke can be measured using the temperature probe, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke temperature and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway under specific pressure and temperature.

[0014] In some embodiments, the measurement system further includes a smoke density measuring device, which is disposed in a gas mixing uniform region of the flue; the light transmittance of the smoke density measuring device is between 0 and 100%. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the smoke density measuring device can be used to measure the density of smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke density and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific pressures and temperatures.

[0015] In some embodiments, the measurement system further includes a smoke sampler and a gas analyzer; the gas analyzer includes an infrared spectrometer and an oxygen analyzer. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the smoke sampler and gas analyzer can be used to measure the composition of the smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke composition and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific pressures and temperatures.

[0016] In some embodiments, the experimental chamber includes multiple experimental walls, a smoke hood, and a fireproof curtain; the multiple experimental walls form a sealed cavity; the smoke hood is funnel-shaped, with its small opening connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber, and its large opening located above the battery; the fireproof curtain is fixedly connected to the large opening of the smoke hood and hangs above the battery. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the multiple experimental walls form a sealed wall, providing a basis for simulating different air pressures and temperatures. The smoke hood and fireproof curtain can assist in collecting smoke, thereby better assessing battery thermal runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the alternative embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is the seventh schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal runaway measurement device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] Experimental chamber 10, Sensors 20, Temperature system 30, Vacuum system 40

[0027] Measurement system 50, Control equipment 60, Flue 70, Host computer 80

[0028] Pressure sensor 201, Temperature sensor 201, Buffer chamber 401, Vacuum unit 402

[0029] 403 Outlet pipe; 404 Outlet regulating valve; 301 Temperature control unit; 302 Inlet pipe.

[0030] 303 Inlet flow meter; 304 Inlet regulating valve; 501 Anemometer assembly; 502 Temperature probe

[0031] 503 Smoke density measuring device; 504 Smoke sampler; 505 Gas analyzer

[0032] Experimental wall 101, smoke hood 102, fire curtain 103, explosion vent 104. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0036] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are increasingly being applied in various fields. Thermal runaway in batteries can easily cause fires and affect the safety of electrical equipment. Because the causes of thermal runaway are diverse, it is necessary to study the thermal runaway process of batteries and assess its impact. Currently, testing is often conducted in open environments, under normal temperature and pressure conditions. For specific environments, such as extremely cold regions with low temperatures or low pressure in high-altitude areas, effective measurement methods are lacking. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can safely and accurately measure thermal runaway.

[0041] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a battery thermal runaway measurement device. This device includes an experimental chamber, multiple sensors, a temperature system, a vacuum system, a measurement system, and a control device. The control device is connected to the multiple sensors, the temperature system, and the vacuum system. The battery to be tested for thermal runaway is placed in a sealed experimental chamber. Multiple sensors collect environmental data within the chamber. The control device controls the temperature and vacuum systems based on the environmental data, adjusting the temperature and pressure within the chamber. After battery thermal runaway, flue gas is discharged into a flue through an outlet at the top of the experimental chamber. The measurement system installed in the flue can perform various measurements on the flue gas. In this application's embodiment, adjusting the temperature and pressure within the experimental chamber simulates battery thermal runaway under different pressures and temperatures, observes the thermal runaway response, monitors the rate of heat release during thermal runaway, and assesses the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific pressures and temperatures, thereby providing assistance for fire prevention and suppression.

[0042] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 1 A battery thermal runaway measurement device is provided. The device includes an experimental chamber 10, multiple sensors 20, a temperature system 30, a vacuum system 40, a measurement system 50, and a control device 60. The experimental chamber 10 forms a sealed cavity, with an air inlet on its side wall and an air outlet on its top. The multiple sensors 20 are disposed inside the experimental chamber 10. The temperature system 30 is connected to the air inlet of the experimental chamber 10, and the vacuum system 40 is connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber 10 via a flue 70. The measurement system 50 is disposed in the flue 70. The control device 60 is connected to the multiple sensors 20, the temperature system 30, and the vacuum system 40. It should be noted that the connection relationship of the control device 60 is not shown in the figure.

[0043] In this embodiment, the battery thermal runaway measurement device includes an experimental chamber 10, multiple sensors 20, a temperature system 30, a vacuum system 40, a measurement system 50, and a control device 60. The experimental chamber 10 forms a sealed cavity, and the battery to be tested is placed inside the cavity. An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the experimental chamber 10, and the temperature system 30 is connected to the air inlet, allowing air to enter the experimental chamber 10 through the temperature system 30. An air outlet is provided at the top of the experimental chamber 10, and the vacuum system 40 is connected to the air outlet through a flue 70, allowing the vacuum system 40 to evacuate the experimental chamber 10 through the flue 70 and the air outlet. The measurement system 50 is installed inside the flue 70. The flue gas generated by battery thermal runaway enters the flue 70 through the air outlet, and the measurement system 50 can measure the flow rate, temperature, composition, etc., of the flue gas. The obtained measurement data is used to evaluate the impact of thermal runaway. Multiple sensors 20 are placed inside the experimental chamber 10 to collect the temperature and air pressure inside the experimental chamber 10, and obtain the measured temperature and measured air pressure.

[0044] The control device 60 is connected to multiple sensors 20, a temperature system 30, and a vacuum system 40. Before conducting the battery thermal runaway test, the multiple sensors 20 transmit the measured temperature and measured air pressure to the control device 60. The control device 60 sends a temperature adjustment command to the temperature system 30 based on the measured temperature and the set temperature. The temperature system 30 adjusts the temperature of the air entering the experimental chamber 10 according to the temperature adjustment command, thereby regulating the temperature inside the experimental chamber 10. The control device 60 sends a pressure adjustment command to the vacuum system 40 based on the measured air pressure and the set air pressure. The vacuum system 40 evacuates the vacuum according to the pressure adjustment command, thereby regulating the air pressure inside the experimental chamber 10.

[0045] Understandably, by changing the set temperature and set pressure, battery thermal runaway under different pressure and temperature conditions can be simulated.

[0046] After the temperature and pressure inside the experimental chamber 10 are regulated, battery thermal runaway is initiated. The heat and flue gas generated by the battery thermal runaway are discharged through the vent of the experimental chamber 10 into the flue 70, and then into the vacuum system 40. As the flue gas passes through the flue 70, the measurement system 50 installed in the flue 70 can perform various measurements on the flue gas, such as measuring the flow rate and temperature of the flue gas, sampling the flue gas, obtaining the composition of the flue gas, and so on.

[0047] In some embodiments, the control device 60 may be an electrical cabinet.

[0048] In the above embodiments, the battery thermal runaway measurement device includes an experimental chamber 10, multiple sensors 20, a temperature system 30, a vacuum system 40, a measurement system 50, and a control device 60. The battery to be tested for thermal runaway is placed in the sealed experimental chamber. Multiple sensors collect environmental data within the experimental chamber. The control device controls the temperature system and vacuum system based on the environmental data, adjusting the temperature and pressure within the experimental chamber. After battery thermal runaway, flue gas is discharged into a flue through an outlet at the top of the experimental chamber. The measurement system installed in the flue can perform various measurements on the flue gas. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, adjusting the temperature and pressure within the experimental chamber can simulate battery thermal runaway under different pressures and temperatures, observe the thermal runaway response, monitor the rate of heat release during battery combustion during thermal runaway, and assess the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific pressures and temperatures, thereby providing assistance for fire prevention and suppression.

[0049] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 2 Sensor 20 includes a pressure sensor 201, which is installed in the experimental chamber 10. Vacuum system 40 includes a buffer chamber 401 and a vacuum unit 402. The buffer chamber 401 is connected to the outlet of the experimental chamber 10 via a flue 70, and the vacuum unit 402 is connected to the buffer chamber 401 via an outlet pipe 403. Control device 60 is connected to both the pressure sensor 201 and the vacuum unit 402. It should be noted that the connection relationship of control device 60 is not shown in the figure.

[0050] In this embodiment, sensor 20 includes a pressure sensor 201, which is installed inside the experimental chamber 10 and can collect the air pressure inside the experimental chamber 10 to obtain the measured air pressure. Vacuum system 40 includes a buffer chamber 401 and a vacuum unit 402. The buffer chamber 401 is connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber 10 through a flue 70, and the vacuum unit 402 is connected to the buffer chamber 401 through an air outlet pipe 403.

[0051] The control device 60 is connected to the pressure sensor 201 and the vacuum unit 402. Before conducting the thermal runaway test on the battery, the pressure sensor 201 transmits the measured pressure to the control device 60. The control device 60 sends a pressure adjustment command to the vacuum unit 402 based on the measured pressure and the set pressure. The vacuum unit 402 operates according to the pressure adjustment command and can evacuate the experimental chamber 10 through the buffer chamber 401 and the flue 70 to adjust the pressure inside the experimental chamber 10. During the battery thermal runaway test, the flue gas enters the buffer chamber 401 from the outlet of the experimental chamber 10 through the flue 70, and then is discharged from the buffer chamber 401 to the vacuum unit 402.

[0052] In some embodiments, the vacuum unit 402 may include multiple vacuum pumps, all of which are connected to the buffer chamber 401. The multiple vacuum pumps may have the same or different power. The control device 60 may control one or more vacuum pumps with the same power to operate, or it may control vacuum pumps with different power to operate in a preset sequence.

[0053] In some embodiments, based on the output signal, barometric pressure sensors can be classified into digital barometric pressure sensors and analog barometric pressure sensors. Digital barometric pressure sensors output digital signals, which can be directly connected to digital devices such as microcontrollers without complex analog signal processing and conversion, facilitating system integration and data processing. Furthermore, digital barometric pressure sensors offer high accuracy and stability, based on advanced microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology and digital compensation algorithms. They are characterized by small size, high accuracy, fast response speed, and immunity to temperature changes, exhibiting good long-term stability and reliable measurement results. Analog barometric pressure sensors offer rapid response, quickly converting changes in atmospheric pressure into analog electrical signals. Their fast response speed allows for real-time reflection of pressure changes. Moreover, analog barometric pressure sensors have simple interfaces, directly interfacing with analog circuits without the need for additional digital-to-digital conversion circuits. They are highly compatible with existing analog equipment, facilitating analog signal processing and control, and are widely used in fields such as industrial automation.

[0054] In some embodiments, vacuum units 402 can be classified into low-vacuum units, medium-vacuum units, and high-vacuum units according to their vacuum control range. Low-vacuum units have high operating pressure and large exhaust volume. Commonly used main pumps include reciprocating pumps, water ring pumps, oil-sealed mechanical pumps, screw vacuum pumps, wet Roots pumps, as well as jet pumps, molecular sieve adsorption pumps, and other direct-exhaust vacuum pumps. The appropriate pump can be flexibly selected based on the cleanliness, humidity, and other conditions of the gas being pumped. Medium-vacuum units are suitable for various vacuum systems requiring high pumping speed and medium vacuum. Their combinations are flexible, such as Roots vacuum pump + oil-sealed mechanical pump, Roots vacuum pump + water ring vacuum pump, dual Roots vacuum pump, Roots vacuum pump + screw vacuum pump, etc., offering wider adaptability. High-vacuum units have good high-vacuum performance, operating in a molecular flow state with an operating pressure range of 10... -2 ~10 -6 With a small displacement and high pumping speed, it can meet the requirements of high vacuum environments. High vacuum units offer a variety of main pump types, including diffusion pumps, molecular pumps, titanium sublimation pumps, and cryogenic condensation pumps, which can be selected according to different application scenarios.

[0055] It should be noted that the selection of the pressure sensor 201 and the vacuum unit 402 in this application embodiment can be made according to the actual situation.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the sensor includes a pressure sensor 201, and the vacuum system 40 includes a buffer chamber 401 and a vacuum unit 402. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting up a vacuum unit, the air pressure inside the experimental chamber can be adjusted, thereby simulating battery thermal runaway under different air pressure conditions; by setting up a buffer chamber, multiple vacuum pumps can be connected in parallel, and it can also play a coordinating role between the experimental chamber and the vacuum unit, avoiding excessive air pressure fluctuations inside the experimental chamber caused by the vacuum unit drawing a vacuum, and also avoiding insufficient measurement caused by flue gas being directly discharged from the experimental chamber to the vacuum unit.

[0057] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 3 The vacuum system 40 also includes an outlet regulating valve 404; the outlet regulating valve 404 is disposed in the outlet pipeline 403; the control device 60 is also connected to the outlet regulating valve 404. It should be noted that the connection relationship of the control device 60 is not shown in the figure.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vacuum system 40 further includes an exhaust regulating valve 404. The exhaust regulating valve 404 is disposed in the exhaust pipeline 403 between the buffer chamber 401 and the vacuum unit 402.

[0059] The control device 60 is connected to the exhaust gas regulating valve 404. During the test, the control device 60 can send an exhaust gas regulating command to the exhaust gas regulating valve 404, and the exhaust gas regulating valve 404 adjusts its opening according to the exhaust gas regulating command, thereby regulating the flow rate of flue gas discharged from the buffer chamber 401 to the vacuum unit 402.

[0060] In some embodiments, the outlet regulating valve 404 can be an electrically operated regulating valve. Electrically operated regulating valves offer high control precision; employing an electric actuator, they can achieve high-precision flow and pressure regulation, controlling process parameters within a more accurate range. Furthermore, they offer flexible adjustment performance; by changing the motor's speed and direction, they can achieve stepless valve adjustment, providing a wider adjustment range and better meeting the complex requirements of different processes. Additionally, electrically operated regulating valves are unaffected by the gas source and exhibit high operational stability.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the vacuum system 40 further includes an exhaust regulating valve 404; the exhaust regulating valve 404 is disposed in the exhaust pipeline 403. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the exhaust regulating valve is disposed in the exhaust pipeline to regulate the exhaust flow rate of the flue gas, making the exhaust state of the flue gas more suitable for measurement, thereby better assessing the thermal runaway of the battery.

[0062] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 4Sensor 20 includes a temperature sensor 202, which is installed inside the experimental chamber 10. Temperature system 30 includes a temperature control unit 301, which is connected to the air inlet of the experimental chamber 10 via an air inlet pipe 302. Control device 60 is connected to both the temperature sensor 202 and the temperature control unit 301. It should be noted that the connection relationship of control device 60 is not shown in the figure.

[0063] In this embodiment, sensor 20 includes temperature sensor 202, which is disposed inside experimental chamber 10. Temperature system 30 includes temperature control unit 301, which is connected to air inlet of experimental chamber 10 via air inlet pipe 302.

[0064] The control device 60 is connected to both the temperature sensor 202 and the temperature control unit 301. Before the test, the temperature sensor 202 collects the temperature inside the experimental chamber 10 to obtain the measured temperature and transmits it to the control device 60. The control device 60 sends a temperature adjustment command to the temperature control unit 301 based on the measured temperature and the set temperature. Thus, after air enters the temperature control unit 301, the unit heats or cools the air according to the temperature adjustment command, and then fills the experimental chamber 10 with the treated air through the air inlet pipe 302 and the air inlet of the experimental chamber 10, thereby regulating the temperature inside the experimental chamber 10.

[0065] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor can be a non-contact sensor. Non-contact sensors can include infrared temperature sensors, fiber optic temperature sensors, laser thermometers, etc. Infrared temperature sensors determine temperature by measuring the infrared energy radiated from an object's surface. They have a fast response speed, enabling rapid acquisition of the object's surface temperature and real-time monitoring of temperature changes, making them highly adaptable to rapidly changing temperature environments. Furthermore, infrared temperature sensors have a wide measurement range, meeting the needs of various application scenarios. Fiber optic temperature sensors use optical fibers to transmit light signals for temperature measurement, featuring strong resistance to electromagnetic interference and low signal transmission loss, enabling high-precision and high-stability temperature measurement. Moreover, fiber optic temperature sensors can transmit signals over long distances via optical fibers, enabling temperature measurement and monitoring at distant or distributed multi-point locations, facilitating temperature monitoring and management of large equipment or systems. Laser temperature sensors use laser technology to measure the surface temperature of a target object, suitable for precision measurement, and offering advantages such as high measurement accuracy, high spatial resolution, and minimal thermal impact on the measured object.

[0066] In some embodiments, the temperature control unit 301 includes a heat pump system and an air supply system, etc. The cooling and heating generated by the heat pump system can cool or heat the air entering the temperature control unit, and then the treated air is delivered into the experimental chamber 10 through the air supply system. The heat pump system has high energy efficiency and effectively controls the energy consumption of the temperature control unit.

[0067] It should be noted that the temperature sensor and temperature control unit can be selected according to the actual situation in the embodiments of this application.

[0068] In the above embodiments, sensor 20 includes temperature sensor 202, which is disposed inside the experimental chamber 10; temperature system 30 includes temperature control unit 301, which is connected to the air inlet of the experimental chamber 10 through air inlet pipe 302. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting the temperature control unit, the temperature inside the experimental chamber can be adjusted, thereby simulating battery thermal runaway under different temperature conditions, and thus better evaluating the impact of thermal runaway.

[0069] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 5 The temperature system 30 also includes an intake flow meter 303 and an intake regulating valve 304; the intake flow meter 303 and the intake regulating valve 304 are installed in the intake pipeline 302; the control device 60 is connected to the intake flow meter 303 and the intake regulating valve 304 respectively. It should be noted that the connection relationship of the control device 60 is not shown in the figure.

[0070] In this embodiment, the temperature system 30 further includes an intake flow meter 303 and an intake regulating valve 304, both of which are installed in the intake pipeline 302.

[0071] The control device 60 is connected to the inlet flow meter 303 and the inlet regulating valve 304. The inlet flow meter 303 detects the flow rate of the gas entering the inlet pipe 302 from the temperature control unit 301 to obtain the measured flow rate, and sends the measured flow rate to the control device 60. Based on the measured flow rate, measured temperature, and set temperature, the control device 60 sends an inlet regulating command to the inlet regulating valve 304; the inlet regulating valve 304 adjusts its opening according to the inlet regulating command, thereby regulating the inlet flow rate and thus regulating the temperature inside the experimental chamber 10.

[0072] In some embodiments, the inlet flow meter 303 may be a thermal gas flow meter. Thermal flow meters are suitable for measuring low-flow and high-viscosity gases, and feature high accuracy and fast response. Furthermore, thermal flow meters have a wide measurement range, capable of measuring gases from extremely low to high flow rates, and exhibit high sensitivity for small flow rate measurements. Additionally, thermal flow meters are highly adaptable to temperature and pressure changes, are insensitive to variations in fluid temperature and pressure, and are minimally affected by them, making them suitable for measuring a variety of gases.

[0073] In some embodiments, the intake regulating valve may be an electrically operated regulating valve.

[0074] It should be noted that the intake flow meter 303 and intake regulating valve 304 can be selected according to the actual situation in this application embodiment.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the temperature system 30 further includes an intake flow meter 303 and an intake regulating valve 304; the intake flow meter 303 and the intake regulating valve 304 are disposed in the intake pipeline 302. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the intake flow meter can detect the flow rate of the gas entering the experimental chamber, thereby assisting the control equipment in controlling the temperature control unit and the intake regulating valve to achieve the effect of regulating the temperature inside the experimental chamber, and thus simulating battery thermal runaway under different temperature conditions.

[0076] According to some embodiments of this application, the temperature range inside the experimental chamber 10 is -30℃ to +85℃, and the air pressure range is 15kPa to 95kPa.

[0077] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the temperature and air pressure inside the experimental chamber cover most scenarios. Therefore, it can simulate battery thermal runaway under different conditions, thereby assessing the fire hazards corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures, and thus providing assistance for fire prevention and suppression.

[0078] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 6 The measurement system 50 includes a wind speed measurement component 501.

[0079] In this embodiment of the application, the measurement system 50 includes a wind speed measurement component 501, which may include a bidirectional speed measuring probe and a plurality of differential pressure sensors connected to each other. The bidirectional speed measuring probe is set in the flue 70 near the air outlet of the experimental chamber 10, and the plurality of differential pressure sensors are located in the flue 70 away from the air outlet and are evenly distributed. The control device 60 is connected to the bidirectional speed measuring probe and the plurality of differential pressure sensors respectively.

[0080] During the test, flue gas is discharged into the flue 70 through the outlet of the experimental chamber 10. The wind speed measurement component 501 measures the flow velocity of the flue gas to obtain the measured flow velocity. The wind speed measurement component 501 may include a display device disposed outside the flue 70 to display the measured flow velocity.

[0081] In some embodiments, a host computer 80 is provided. The host computer 80 is connected to the wind speed measurement component 501, which transmits the measured flow velocity to the host computer 80. The host computer 80 can display the measured flow velocity, store the measured flow velocity, and analyze and evaluate battery thermal runaway based on multiple received measured flow velocities.

[0082] In some embodiments, a bidirectional velocimetry probe may include an ultrasonic Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe, a laser Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe, etc. An ultrasonic Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe measures fluid velocity by emitting and receiving ultrasonic signals. It does not require direct contact with the object being measured, does not interfere with fluid flow, and does not affect the accuracy of the measurement results. Utilizing the Doppler effect, it is sensitive to minute changes in fluid velocity, enabling high-precision velocity measurement. Furthermore, the ultrasonic Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe has a wide range of applications, suitable for measuring the velocity of various fluids, including liquids and gases, and can operate normally under different temperature and pressure conditions. A laser Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe offers extremely high measurement accuracy. Employing laser technology, it possesses extremely high measurement precision, capable of accurately measuring minute velocity changes, making it suitable for scientific research and industrial production processes with extremely high velocity measurement accuracy requirements. Moreover, the laser Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe has high spatial resolution; its laser beam has good focusing, enabling precise measurement of fluid velocity within a small area, resulting in high spatial resolution. In addition, the laser Doppler bidirectional velocimetry probe has a fast dynamic response, enabling it to quickly track changes in fluid velocity and has excellent dynamic response capabilities to the instantaneous velocity and acceleration of fluids.

[0083] In some embodiments, differential pressure sensors can be classified into piezoresistive differential pressure sensors, capacitive differential pressure sensors, and inductive differential pressure sensors. Piezoresistive differential pressure sensors utilize the piezoresistive effect of semiconductor materials. When air pressure acts on the elastic element of the sensor, causing it to deform, the resistance value of the semiconductor material changes accordingly. The air pressure difference is determined by measuring the change in resistance. Piezoresistive differential pressure sensors offer high accuracy, accurately measuring minute changes in air pressure; fast response, reflecting dynamic changes in air pressure in real time; and small size and low cost, facilitating integration and mass production. Capacitive differential pressure sensors are based on the principle of capacitance. Changes in air pressure cause deformation of the sensor's elastic plates, leading to changes in the distance or relative area between the capacitor plates, thus causing a change in capacitance. The air pressure difference is measured by detecting the capacitance value. Capacitive differential pressure sensors offer high sensitivity, being sensitive to minute changes in air pressure and capable of detecting subtle air pressure fluctuations; good stability, minimally affected by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity; and low power consumption, making them suitable for equipment with strict power consumption requirements. Inductive differential pressure sensors measure pressure differences by utilizing changes in inductance. When air pressure acts on the sensor's elastic element, it changes the inductance of the coil, and the pressure difference is determined by measuring this change in inductance. Inductive differential pressure sensors are simple in structure, highly reliable, and resistant to electromagnetic interference; they have a wide measurement range, suitable for measuring different pressure differences; and they are highly adaptable to harsh environments, such as high-temperature and high-humidity environments.

[0084] It should be noted that the bidirectional speed measuring probe and differential pressure sensor can be selected according to the actual situation in the embodiments of this application.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the measurement system 50 includes a wind speed measurement component 501. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the wind speed measurement component can be used to measure the flow rate of smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke flow rate and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific air pressures and temperatures.

[0086] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 6 The measurement system 50 also includes a temperature probe 502, which is set within the preset range of the wind speed measurement component 501; the temperature measurement range of the temperature probe 502 is 0℃~1100℃.

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, the measurement system 50 also includes a temperature probe 502, which is also disposed in the flue 70 and within a preset range around the bidirectional speed probe.

[0088] In some embodiments, a host computer 80 is provided. The host computer 80 is connected to a temperature probe 502, which transmits the flue gas temperature to the host computer 80. The host computer 80 can display the flue gas temperature, store the flue gas temperature, and analyze and evaluate battery thermal runaway based on the received multiple flue gas temperatures.

[0089] In some embodiments, the temperature probe 502 can be a non-contact temperature probe, including infrared temperature probes, fiber optic temperature probes, etc. Infrared temperature probes do not interfere with the temperature field of the object being measured, nor do they affect the working state of the object; furthermore, they offer fast measurement speed and high reliability. Fiber optic temperature probes have strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities and good insulation performance, making them suitable for hazardous environments such as high voltage and high current; they are also corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, allowing for use in harsh chemical or mechanical vibration environments.

[0090] It should be noted that the temperature probe can be selected according to the actual situation in the embodiments of this application.

[0091] In the above embodiments, the measurement system 50 further includes a temperature probe 502. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the temperature probe can be used to measure the temperature of the smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke temperature and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway under specific pressure and temperature.

[0092] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 6The measurement system 50 also includes a smoke density measuring device 503, which is disposed in the gas mixing uniform area of ​​the flue 70; the light transmittance of the smoke density measuring device 503 is between 0 and 100%.

[0093] In this embodiment of the application, the measurement system 50 further includes a smoke density measuring device 503, which is disposed in the gas mixing uniform region of the flue 70.

[0094] In some embodiments, a host computer 80 is provided. The host computer 80 is connected to a smoke density measuring device 503, which transmits the smoke density to the host computer 80. The host computer 80 can display the smoke density, store the smoke density, and analyze and evaluate battery thermal runaway based on multiple received smoke densities.

[0095] In some embodiments, smoke density measuring devices can be categorized into ionization smoke density detectors, photoelectric smoke density detectors, and laser smoke density meters. Ionization smoke density detectors possess high sensitivity, being highly sensitive to minute smoke particles and capable of rapid response in the early stages of a fire, when smoke concentration is low, thus greatly aiding in early fire warning. Furthermore, ionization smoke density detectors exhibit good stability, being less affected by changes in ambient temperature and humidity. Additionally, they have a wide dynamic range, capable of measuring smoke density from low to high concentrations. In different fire scenarios, smoke concentrations vary significantly, from small amounts of smoke at the initial stage of a fire to dense smoke after the fire has spread; ionization smoke density detectors can effectively detect all these variations and output relatively accurate smoke density signals. Photoelectric smoke density detectors are sensitive to visible smoke and are particularly suitable for detecting visible smoke produced by combustion. Moreover, photoelectric smoke density detectors have strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, enabling more stable operation and reducing false alarms. Laser smoke density meters offer high measurement accuracy, precisely detecting even very minute changes in smoke concentration and distinguishing smoke particles of different sizes and concentrations. Furthermore, laser smoke density meters can be used for remote measurement, thereby reducing the number of devices required and the associated costs.

[0096] It should be noted that the smoke density measuring device can be selected according to the actual situation in the embodiments of this application.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the measurement system 50 further includes a smoke density measuring device 503, which is disposed in the gas mixing uniform region of the flue 70. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the smoke density measuring device can be used to measure the density of the smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke density and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway under specific pressure and temperature.

[0098] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 6The measurement system 50 also includes a flue gas sampler 504 and a gas analyzer 505; the gas analyzer 505 includes an infrared spectrometer and an oxygen analyzer.

[0099] In this embodiment of the application, the measurement system 50 further includes a flue gas sampler 504 and a gas analyzer 505; the flue gas sampler 504 can be located near the gas outlet of the experimental chamber 10; the gas analyzer 505 can be located in the middle section of the flue 70.

[0100] In some embodiments, a host computer 80 is provided. The host computer 80 is connected to both a flue gas sampler 504 and a gas analyzer 505. The flue gas sampler 504 transmits sampled data to the host computer 80. The host computer 80 can store the sampled data and analyze and evaluate battery thermal runaway based on the received multiple sampled data. The gas analyzer 505 can transmit gas analysis data to the host computer 80. The host computer 80 can display and store the gas analysis data and analyze and evaluate battery thermal runaway based on the received multiple gas analysis data.

[0101] In some embodiments, infrared spectrometers utilize the different absorption characteristics of infrared light by various gases for analysis. Many gases have characteristic absorption peaks in the infrared region at specific wavelengths. By measuring the attenuation of infrared light after passing through a gas, the concentration of the gas can be determined very accurately. For example, in environmental monitoring, the concentration of greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be measured with an accuracy of ppm (parts per million). Infrared spectrometers are highly selective, capable of detecting specific gases. By selecting an appropriate infrared wavelength, interference from other gases can be effectively avoided. Furthermore, infrared spectrometers can perform multi-component analysis, simultaneously analyzing multiple components in a gas mixture. For example, they can analyze carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in flue gas.

[0102] In the above embodiments, the measurement system 50 further includes a smoke sampler 504 and a gas analyzer 505. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the smoke sampler and gas analyzer can be used to measure the composition of the smoke, thereby analyzing battery thermal runaway based on the smoke composition and assessing the fire hazard corresponding to battery thermal runaway at specific pressures and temperatures.

[0103] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 7 The experimental chamber 10 includes multiple experimental walls 101, a smoke hood 102, and a fireproof curtain 103; the multiple experimental walls 101 form a sealed cavity; the smoke hood 102 is in the shape of an inverted funnel, the small opening of the smoke hood 102 is connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber 10, and the large opening of the smoke hood 102 is located above the battery; the fireproof curtain 103 is fixedly connected to the large opening of the smoke hood 102 and hangs above the battery.

[0104] In this embodiment, the experimental chamber 10 includes multiple experimental walls 101, which together form a sealed cavity. The experimental walls 101 are insulated as a whole, the outer chamber wall is sealed, and an internal insulation layer and interior panels are installed. The insulation material is resistant to high and low temperatures and has good thermal insulation performance.

[0105] The experimental chamber 10 also includes a smoke hood 102, which is shaped like an inverted funnel. The small opening of the smoke hood 102 is connected to the air outlet of the experimental chamber, and the large opening of the smoke hood 102 is located above the battery. The smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery can be collected by the smoke hood 102 and discharged from the air outlet of the experimental chamber 10.

[0106] The experimental chamber 10 also includes a fireproof curtain 103, which is fixedly connected to the large opening of the smoke hood 102 and hangs above the battery, thereby expanding the smoke collection range of the smoke hood 102 and better collecting the smoke.

[0107] In some embodiments, fire curtains can be categorized into steel fire curtains and inorganic fiber fire curtains. Steel fire curtains offer high fire resistance and strength, maintaining structural integrity even at high temperatures and effectively preventing the spread of fire. Inorganic fiber fire curtains are flexible, easy to install, and possess excellent thermal insulation properties, effectively blocking heat transfer.

[0108] In some embodiments, the experimental chamber 10 is also provided with an explosion vent 104. In the event of excessive accumulation of smoke and heat inside the experimental chamber, the smoke can be released through the explosion vent 104, thereby protecting the experimental chamber 10.

[0109] In the above embodiments, the experimental chamber 10 includes multiple experimental walls 101, a smoke hood 102, and a fireproof curtain 103. In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the multiple experimental walls form a sealed wall, providing a basis for simulating different air pressures and temperatures. The smoke hood and fireproof curtain can assist in collecting smoke, thereby better assessing battery thermal runaway.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0111] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, intended to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided in this application through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the content of the appended claims, and the specification and drawings can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery thermal runaway measurement device, comprising: The battery thermal runaway measurement device comprises an experimental cabin, a plurality of sensors, a temperature system, a vacuum system, a measurement system and a control device; The experimental cabin forms a closed cavity, the sidewall of the experimental cabin is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the experimental cabin is provided with an air outlet; a plurality of sensors are arranged inside the experimental cabin; the temperature system is connected with the air inlet of the experimental cabin, and the vacuum system is connected with the air outlet of the experimental cabin through a flue; the measurement system is arranged in the flue; The control device is connected with the plurality of sensors, the temperature system and the vacuum system respectively.

2. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The sensor comprises an air pressure sensor arranged in the experimental cabin; The vacuum system comprises a buffer bin and a vacuum unit; the buffer bin is connected with the air outlet of the experimental cabin through the flue, and the vacuum unit is connected with the buffer bin through an air outlet pipeline; The control device is connected with the air pressure sensor and the vacuum unit respectively.

3. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 2, wherein, The vacuum system further comprises an air outlet regulating valve; the air outlet regulating valve is arranged in the air outlet pipeline; The control device is further connected with the air outlet regulating valve.

4. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The sensor comprises a temperature sensor arranged inside the experimental cabin; The temperature system comprises a temperature control unit connected with the air inlet of the experimental cabin through an air inlet pipeline; The control device is connected with the temperature sensor and the temperature control unit respectively.

5. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 4, wherein, The temperature system further comprises an air inlet flow meter and an air inlet regulating valve; the air inlet flow meter and the air inlet regulating valve are arranged in the air inlet pipeline; The control device is connected with the air inlet flow meter and the air inlet regulating valve respectively.

6. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The temperature range inside the experimental cabin is-30℃ to +85℃, and the air pressure range is 15kPa to 95kPa.

7. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The measurement system comprises a wind speed measurement assembly.

8. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 7, wherein, The measurement system further comprises a temperature measurement probe arranged within a preset range of the wind speed measurement assembly; the temperature measurement range of the temperature measurement probe is 0℃ to 1100℃.

9. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 7, wherein, The measurement system further comprises a smoke density measurement device arranged in a gas mixing uniform area of the flue; the light transmission rate range of the smoke density measurement device is between 0 and 100%.

10. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 7, wherein, The measurement system further comprises a smoke sampling instrument and a gas analyzer; the gas analyzer comprises an infrared spectrum analyzer and an oxygen analyzer.

11. The battery thermal runaway measurement device of claim 1, wherein, The experimental cabin comprises a plurality of experimental walls, a smoke collecting hood and a fireproof curtain; The plurality of experimental walls form a closed cavity; The smoke collecting hood is in an inverted funnel shape, the small opening of the smoke collecting hood is connected with the air outlet of the experimental cabin, and the large opening of the smoke collecting hood is located above the battery; The fireproof curtain is fixedly connected with the large opening of the smoke collecting hood and hangs above the battery.

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