Milk cylinder fixing gasket, milk cylinder structure and beverage processing equipment
By designing a limiting and positioning structure for the milk container fixing gasket, the problem of misalignment between the steam rod and the milk container was solved, achieving uniform entry of steam and air and improving the quality of milk foam.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
The steam wand and milk pitcher of traditional coffee machines are not easily aligned, resulting in uneven steam and air intake when frothing milk, leading to poor quality or inconsistent milk foam.
Design a milk pitcher fixing washer, including a base, a limiting structure and a positioning structure, to limit the position of the milk pitcher and fix it on the drip tray of the coffee machine, ensuring that the steam wand is aligned with the milk pitcher and achieving uniform entry of steam and air.
By fixing the position of the milk container, the alignment between the steam wand and the milk container is better, and the steam and air enter more evenly when frothing the milk, resulting in denser, smoother milk foam and better quality.
Smart Images

Figure CN223994724U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of coffee making equipment, specifically to a milk jug fixing gasket, a milk jug structure, and a beverage preparation device. Background Technology
[0002] Milk pitchers are primarily used for making milk foam and latte art. When creating latte art, the spout design of the milk pitcher makes the process easier and more precise. Furthermore, choosing a suitable milk pitcher can help save milk, avoid unnecessary waste, and maintain the uniformity of the milk foam. To make milk foam, the steam wand of the coffee machine is inserted into the milk pitcher, utilizing the mixing of steam and air to form foam. Traditional coffee machines, because the steam wand can only inject steam into the milk pitcher, required manual handling to hold the pitcher at the appropriate angle and intermittently allow air from the atmosphere to enter the pitcher for frothing. However, with the increasing prevalence of fully automatic coffee machines, the steam wand itself becomes the air mixing system, eliminating the need for manual handling. Simply place the milk pitcher on the draining tray for automatic frothing. However, during milk foaming, the position of the milk pitcher is not fixed, making it difficult to align the steam wand with the pitcher. The steam wand often deviates from its intended position within the pitcher, preventing the milk from rotating at a high speed, resulting in uneven steam and air entry and poor or inconsistent quality of the foam. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the main purpose of this utility model is to provide a milk cylinder fixing gasket, milk cylinder structure and beverage making equipment, which aims to solve the problem that the traditional steam rod and milk cylinder are not easy to align, resulting in uneven entry of steam and air during milk making, and poor quality or unstable quality of milk foam.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a milk bottle fixing washer, including a chassis, and a limiting structure and a positioning structure disposed on the chassis. The limiting structure and the positioning structure are respectively located on opposite sides of the chassis. The limiting structure is used to limit the position of the milk bottle on the chassis, and the positioning structure is used to fix the chassis to the component to be installed.
[0005] Optionally, at least a portion of the chassis is hollowed out.
[0006] Optionally, the chassis is provided with multiple layers of through holes, each layer of through holes including a plurality of through holes arranged in a ring, and the multiple layers of through holes are sequentially nested in the direction from the center of the chassis toward its edge.
[0007] Optionally, the limiting structure includes a limiting boss protruding from the chassis, the shape of which is adapted to match the shape of the milk container.
[0008] Optionally, the chassis is disc-shaped, and the limiting boss is located at the edge of the chassis and extends circumferentially along the chassis.
[0009] Optionally, the positioning structure includes a positioning protrusion protruding from the bottom surface of the chassis, the positioning protrusion being adapted to engage with a positioning groove on the component to be installed.
[0010] Optionally, multiple positioning protrusions are provided, and the multiple positioning protrusions are staggered with the hollowed-out area; and / or,
[0011] The multiple positioning protrusions are arranged in an array.
[0012] Optionally, the positioning protrusion has a connecting end and a free end arranged opposite to each other, the connecting end being connected to the chassis, and the cross-sectional area of the free end being larger than the cross-sectional area of the connecting end.
[0013] This utility model also provides a milk pitcher structure, including:
[0014] The aforementioned milk bottle fixing gasket;
[0015] The milk container is mounted on the milk container fixing washer.
[0016] Optionally, the milk container and the milk container fixing washer are integrally formed.
[0017] This utility model also provides a beverage preparation device, including:
[0018] A coffee machine, including a coffee machine body and a steam wand disposed on the coffee machine body;
[0019] The milk container structure described above is detachably mounted on one side of the coffee machine body and is correspondingly mounted to the steam wand.
[0020] Optionally, the steam wrench is movably mounted on the coffee machine body to have a raised state and a frothing state;
[0021] When in the foaming state, at least a portion of the steam rod extends into the milk tank of the milk tank structure and is centered with the milk tank fixing washer.
[0022] Optionally, the steam rod includes a connecting end and a free end arranged opposite to each other, the connecting end being rotatably connected to the coffee machine body;
[0023] When in the foaming state, the free end is centered with the milk container fixing gasket and can at least partially extend into the milk container located on the milk container fixing gasket; when in the lifting state, the free end is located outside the milk container and is positioned towards the side of the milk container fixing gasket.
[0024] Optionally, the steam rod is subjected to a force along the first direction to switch from the foaming state to the lifting state;
[0025] The milk container can be placed on the milk container fixing washer in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
[0026] Optionally, the limiting structure is used to abut against the front end of the milk cylinder along the second direction.
[0027] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0028] The milk container fixing washer provided by this utility model includes a base, and a limiting structure and a positioning structure disposed on the base. The base has a bearing surface suitable for placing the milk container. The limiting structure is used to restrict and fix the milk container to the bearing surface, so that the positions of the milk container and the milk container fixing washer are relatively fixed. Further, the positioning structure limits and fixes the milk container fixing washer to the component to be installed (such as the drain tray of a coffee machine). The positioning structure fixes the relative position of the milk container fixing washer, making it easier to fix the relative position of the steam wand and the milk container fixing washer when frothing milk. Moreover, the milk container is less likely to slide when placed on the milk container fixing washer. When the fully automatic coffee machine is working, the steam wand can move better to the preset position to ensure that the steam wand is aligned with the milk container. Better alignment of the steam wand results in more uniform steam and air entry during frothing, and the formed milk foam is denser, smoother, and of better quality. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment of a milk bottle fixing washer provided by this utility model;
[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another structural diagram of the milk bottle fixing washer described in the article;
[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure when the milk container is placed on the milk container fixing gasket;
[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a milk pitcher retaining washer fixed on the drip tray of a coffee machine;
[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the milk jug fixing gasket fixed on the coffee machine's drain tray.
[0035] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0036] 1000-Beverage preparation equipment; 100-Milk pitcher fixing gasket; 1-Base; 11-Through hole; 12-Bearing surface; 2-Limiting structure; 21-Limiting boss; 3-Positioning structure; 31-Positioning protrusion; 311-Connecting end; 312-Free end; 200-Coffee machine; 210-Steam rod; 220-Draining tray; 300-Milk pitcher.
[0037] The realization of the purpose, functional characteristics and excellent effects of this utility model will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indication, the directional indication is only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0040] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0041] This utility model provides a milk pitcher fixing washer 100, which is suitable for placing a milk pitcher 300 to limit the relative position of the milk pitcher 300 when placed on a coffee machine 200. For details, please refer to... Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the milk bottle fixing washer 100 includes a base 1, and a limiting structure 2 and a positioning structure 3 disposed on the base 1. The limiting structure 2 and the positioning structure 3 are respectively located on opposite sides of the base 1. The limiting structure 2 is used to limit the position of the milk bottle 300 on the base 1, and the positioning structure 3 is used to fix the base 1 to the component to be installed.
[0042] In this embodiment, the chassis 1 has a bearing surface 12 suitable for placing the milk cylinder 300, and the limiting structure 2 is used to limit the position of the milk cylinder 300 on the bearing surface 12, so that the positions of the milk cylinder 300 and the milk cylinder fixing washer 100 are relatively fixed. Furthermore, the positioning structure 3 is used to limit and fix the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 to the component to be installed (such as the drain tray 220 of the coffee machine 200). The positioning structure 3 fixes the relative position of the milk pitcher fixing washer 100, so that the relative position of the steam rod 210 and the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 is easier to fix when frothing milk. Moreover, the milk pitcher 300 is not easy to slide when placed on the milk pitcher fixing washer 100. When the automated coffee machine 200 is making milk, the steam rod 210 can move to the preset position better to ensure that the steam rod 210 can be better aligned with the milk pitcher 300. The alignment of the steam rod 210 is better, so the steam and air entering the milk frothing are more uniform, and the milk foam formed is denser, smoother and of better quality.
[0043] The base 1 is generally disc-shaped to fit the bottom shape of the milk container 300, allowing for better placement of the milk container 300. Preferably, the upper surface of the base 1 forms a support surface 12 for placing the milk container 300, and the lower surface of the base 1 is adapted to be fixed to the drain tray 220 of the coffee machine 200. This ensures that during milk frothing, the steam wrench 210 of the coffee machine 200 is better aligned with the milk container 300 placed on the milk container fixing washer 100, guaranteeing the uniformity of milk frothing by the steam wrench 210.
[0044] During the milk foam making process, milk or coffee liquids can easily get on the milk container 300. Therefore, preferably, at least a portion of the base 1 is hollowed out, so that liquids adhering to the outside of the milk container 300 or external liquids do not easily accumulate on the base 1, ensuring the base 1 remains dry and preventing the milk container 300 from sliding easily when placed on the base 1.
[0045] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the chassis 1 is provided with multiple layers of through holes 11 to form a hollow area on the chassis 1. Each layer of through holes 11 includes a plurality of through holes 11 arranged in a ring. The plurality of through holes 11 in each layer are arranged in a ring around the center of the chassis 1. In the direction from the center of the chassis 1 toward its edge, the multiple layers of through holes 11 are sequentially nested, so that the distribution of the through holes 11 on the chassis 1 is more uniform, while ensuring the strength of the chassis 1.
[0046] The limiting structure 2 is mainly used to restrict the relative position of the milk cylinder 300 on the bearing surface 12 of the chassis 1. It is understood that there are many implementations of the limiting structure 2. Preferably, as shown below... Figure 1 As shown, the limiting structure 2 includes a limiting boss 21 protruding from the chassis 1. The shape of the limiting boss 21 is adapted to match the shape of the milk bottle 300 in order to better limit the position of the milk bottle 300.
[0047] Furthermore, the limiting protrusion 21 is located at the edge of the chassis 1 and extends circumferentially along the chassis 1. In one embodiment, the limiting protrusion 21 may be arranged in a complete ring shape to surround the outer periphery of the milk container 300, making it less likely for the milk container 300 to slide after being placed on the chassis 1. Preferably, the limiting protrusion 21 may be a half-circle segment, a third-circle segment, or a quarter-circle segment. The limiting protrusion 21 forms a positioning reference for the milk container 300, and the fact that the limiting protrusion 21 is not a complete ring makes it easier to place and remove milk containers 300 of various sizes, making it more convenient to use.
[0048] Moreover, combined Figure 1As shown, along the circumference of the chassis 1, the middle section of the limiting boss 21 protrudes the highest from the chassis 1. From the middle of the limiting boss 21 towards its two ends, the height of the limiting boss 21 gradually decreases, forming a smooth transition between the limiting boss 21 and the chassis 1, reducing the likelihood of sharp corners and improving the feel during use. Furthermore, the limiting boss 21 has a simpler structure and lower manufacturing cost.
[0049] Of course, in other embodiments, the limiting structure 2 may also be movably configured. Specifically, the limiting structure 2 may include a plurality of movably configured limiting posts. In one embodiment, a plurality of limiting holes may be provided on the chassis 1, and the plurality of limiting posts may be sequentially inserted and engaged with the plurality of limiting holes, so that the diameter of the limiting area formed by the plurality of limiting posts can be adjusted, which can better limit the milk container 300 while meeting the usage needs of milk containers 300 of different sizes.
[0050] In another embodiment, the plurality of limiting posts can be slidably disposed on the chassis 1. Similarly, by adjusting the position of the plurality of limiting posts, the plurality of limiting posts can be used to limit milk cups 300 of different sizes.
[0051] For the positioning structure 3, the positioning structure 3 is used to fix the milk bottle fixing washer 100 to the part to be installed. Preferably, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the positioning structure 3 is used to snap onto the drain tray 220 of the coffee machine 200, so that the steam wand 210 of the coffee machine 200 can better extend into the milk container 300 placed on the milk container fixing washer 100.
[0052] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the positioning structure 3 includes a positioning protrusion 31 protruding from the bottom surface of the chassis 1. The positioning protrusion 31 is adapted to engage with the positioning groove on the component to be installed. The drain holes of the drain tray 220 form the positioning groove. By engaging the positioning protrusion 31 with the drain tray 220, the entire milk bottle fixing washer 100 is fixed to the drain tray 220, thus limiting the relative position of the milk bottle fixing washer 100 with respect to the drain tray 220. This allows the steam rod 210 to better and faster align with the milk bottle 300 on the milk bottle fixing washer 100.
[0053] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple positioning protrusions 31, which are staggered with the hollow area to avoid the multiple positioning protrusions 31 blocking the hollow area of the chassis 1, so as to improve the drainage effect of the milk bottle fixing gasket 100.
[0054] Furthermore, the array of multiple positioning protrusions 31 facilitates easier engagement when the milk bottle fixing washer 100 is snapped onto the drain tray 220. Of course, the arrangement of the multiple positioning protrusions 31 can match the drain holes of the drain tray 220, making the fixing of the milk bottle fixing washer 100 more stable and reliable without requiring additional installation structures.
[0055] Preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the positioning protrusion 31 has a connecting end 311 and a free end 312 arranged opposite to each other. The connecting end 311 is connected to the chassis 1. The positioning protrusion 31 can be integrally set with the chassis 1. The cross-sectional area of the free end 312 is larger than that of the connecting end 311. This makes it difficult for the positioning protrusion 31 to fall off automatically after it is engaged in the corresponding positioning groove. Instead, it needs to be subjected to a certain external force (such as manual force) to allow the positioning protrusion 31 to fall out of the corresponding drain hole. Then, the milk cup fixing gasket 100 can be removed from the drain tray 220 of the coffee machine 200.
[0056] This utility model also provides a milk container structure, which includes the aforementioned milk container fixing washer 100 and milk container 300, wherein the milk container 300 is connected to the milk container fixing washer 100. This allows the milk container 300 to be better and faster aligned with the steam rod 210 when making milk foam, and also makes the produced milk foam denser, smoother, and of better quality.
[0057] Preferably, the milk pitcher 300 and the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 are integrally formed. During use, there is no need to repeatedly remove and place the milk pitcher 300. Instead, the positioning structure 3 of the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 can be directly aligned with the drain tray 220 of the coffee machine 200, making the operation simpler and more convenient.
[0058] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, this utility model also provides a beverage preparation device 1000, including a coffee machine 200 and the aforementioned milk container structure. The coffee machine 200 includes a coffee machine body and a steam wand 210 disposed on the coffee machine body. The coffee machine body includes a housing and a drain tray 220 disposed on one side of the housing. The milk container structure is detachably disposed on the drain tray 220 and correspondingly disposed with the steam wand 210. This allows the steam wand 210 to extend into the milk container 300 to froth the milk after the milk container 300 is placed on the milk container fixing gasket 100. During the frothing process, since the positions of the milk container fixing gasket 100 and the milk container 300 are fixed relative to the coffee machine 200, the steam from the steam wand 210 will not cause the milk container 300 to shift. Furthermore, the steam wand 210 is easier to align with the milk container 300, better ensuring the uniformity of the froth and thus better guaranteeing the quality of the milk foam.
[0059] Preferably, the steam rod 210 is movably mounted on the coffee machine body to have a raised state and a frothing state. In the raised state, there is more space to facilitate the placement and removal of the milk container 300. In the frothing state, at least a portion of the steam rod 210 extends into the milk container 300 of the milk container structure and is centered with the milk container fixing washer 100. This makes the steam rod 210 more centrally positioned within the milk container 300 when frothing milk, making it less likely to come into contact with the side wall of the milk container 300, resulting in better frothing effect.
[0060] More preferably, such as Figure 5 As shown, the steam wrench 210 includes a connecting end and a free end arranged opposite to each other. The connecting end is rotatably connected to the coffee machine body. By rotating the connecting end relative to the coffee machine body, the steam wrench 210 can switch between a raised state and a frothing state. In the frothing state, the free end is centered with the milk pitcher fixing gasket 100 and can at least partially extend into the milk pitcher 300 located on the milk pitcher fixing gasket 100. This allows the steam wrench 210 to be positioned at the center of the milk pitcher 300, resulting in more even frothing. In the raised state, the free end is located outside the milk pitcher 300 and faces the side of the milk pitcher fixing gasket 100. Preferably, the steam wrench 210 can be horizontally positioned, and the free end can face the operator's side, facilitating the placement and removal of the milk pitcher 300 and the operator's operation.
[0061] It is understood that the steam rod 210 can be moved manually, or the steam rod 210 can be moved under the drive of a driver to better automate the coffee making process of the coffee machine 200.
[0062] Preferably, the steam wrench 210 can be manually raised and lowered by the operator, making the structure of the coffee machine 200 simpler and reducing costs. Specifically, the steam wrench 210 can be switched from the frothing state to the raised state by a force applied in a first direction; the milk pitcher 300 can be placed on the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction. It should be noted that when the coffee machine 200 is working normally, the side of the coffee machine 200 facing the operator is set as the front side. Preferably, the steam wrench 210 can move forward to be in the raised state. When the operator lowers the steam wrench 210, the steam wrench 210 can return to the frothing state under its own gravity. As for the milk pitcher 300, the operator can place the milk pitcher 300 on the milk pitcher fixing washer 100 from front to back. Moreover, when placing the milk container 300 and the steam rod 210, they can be placed backwards at the same time, allowing the steam rod 210 to better extend into the milk container 300. Furthermore, both can be placed in position simultaneously, resulting in higher operational efficiency.
[0063] Preferably, the limiting structure 2 can be used to abut against the front end of the milk cylinder 300 along the second direction. That is, when the milk cylinder 300 is placed, if it abuts against the limiting structure 2 along the placement direction and cannot move further backward, it indicates that the milk cylinder 300 is in place, and there is no need to move the milk cylinder 300 further. The milk cylinder 300 can be quickly positioned opposite the steam rod 210, making operation simple and convenient, while ensuring the milk-making effect, effectively improving the user experience.
[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A milk tank fixing gasket, characterized in that, The milk cylinder fixing washer comprises a disc-shaped base plate, a limiting structure and a positioning structure arranged on the base plate, the limiting structure and the positioning structure are arranged on opposite sides of the base plate, the limiting structure is used for limiting the position of the milk cylinder on the base plate, and the positioning structure is used for limiting and fixing the base plate on a component to be installed.
2. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 1, wherein, At least part of the base plate is hollow.
3. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 1, wherein, The base plate is provided with multiple layers of through holes, each layer of the through holes comprises multiple through holes arranged in a ring shape, and the multiple layers of the through holes are sequentially nested in a direction from the center of the base plate to the edge thereof.
4. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 1 wherein, The limiting structure comprises a limiting boss protruding from the base plate, and the shape of the limiting boss is suitable for matching the shape of the milk cylinder.
5. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 4, wherein, The base plate is disc-shaped, the limiting boss is arranged at the edge of the base plate and extends along the circumference of the base plate.
6. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 2, wherein, The positioning structure comprises a positioning protrusion protruding from the bottom surface of the base plate, and the positioning protrusion is suitable for being clamped and matched with a positioning groove on the component to be installed.
7. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 6, wherein, The positioning protrusion is provided with multiple positioning protrusions, the multiple positioning protrusions are arranged in a staggered manner with the hollow area on the base plate, and / or The multiple positioning protrusions are arranged in an array.
8. The milk tank retaining gasket of claim 6, wherein, The positioning protrusion has a connecting end and a free end arranged oppositely, the connecting end is connected with the base plate, and the cross-sectional area of the free end is greater than that of the connecting end.
9. A milk tank structure, characterized by The milk cylinder fixing washer comprises: The milk cylinder fixing washer according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The milk cylinder is arranged on the milk cylinder fixing washer.
10. The milk tank arrangement of claim 9, characterized in that The milk cylinder and the milk cylinder fixing washer are arranged integrally.
11. A beverage preparation device, characterized by The coffee machine comprises: The coffee machine comprises a coffee machine body and a steam rod arranged on the coffee machine body. The milk cylinder structure according to any one of claims 9 and 10 is detachably arranged on one side of the coffee machine body and corresponds to the steam rod.
12. The beverage preparation device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The steam rod is movably arranged on the coffee machine body to have a lifting state and a frothing state. When in the frothing state, at least part of the steam rod extends into the milk cylinder of the milk cylinder structure and is centrally arranged with the milk cylinder fixing washer.
13. The beverage preparation device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The steam rod comprises a connecting end and a free end arranged oppositely, and the connecting end is rotationally connected with the coffee machine body. When in the frothing state, the free end is centrally arranged with the milk cylinder fixing washer and at least partially extends into the milk cylinder arranged on the milk cylinder fixing washer; when in the lifting state, the free end is located outside the milk cylinder and is arranged towards one side of the milk cylinder fixing washer.
14. The beverage preparation device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The steam rod is switched from the frothing state to the lifting state by a force in a first direction. The milk cylinder can be placed on the milk cylinder fixing washer in a second direction, wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
15. The beverage preparation device according to claim 14, characterized in that, The limiting structure is used for abutting against the front end of the milk cylinder in the second direction.