Vertical material crushing and scattering device with staggered hammer claws

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vertical material crushing and scattering device with staggered hammer claws, which comprises a frame, at least two scattering vertical shafts and a driving mechanism, the at least two scattering vertical shafts are rotatably connected with the frame, the driving mechanism drives the scattering vertical shafts to rotate, and the rotating directions of the adjacent scattering vertical shafts are opposite; a plurality of hammer claw sets distributed in the axial direction are installed on the scattering vertical shafts, each hammer claw set comprises a plurality of hammer claws distributed in the circumferential direction, a plurality of hammer teeth distributed at intervals in the vertical direction are arranged at the ends, away from the scattering vertical shafts, of the hammer claws, and the hammer teeth of the corresponding hammer claws on every two adjacent scattering vertical shafts are mutually embedded. According to the utility model, the hammer claws are arranged in a staggered manner, and the weighted wear-resistant hammer sheets are embedded with one another, so that the scattering breadth, the crushing rate and the scattering uniformity of materials are improved, the impact force generated when the materials are crushed and scattered is dispersed, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural and livestock machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to the crushing and spreading of organic fertilizer, specifically a vertical material crushing and spreading device with staggered hammers and claws. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country's livestock and poultry farming industry has developed rapidly, resulting in a continuous increase in livestock and poultry manure. Returning manure to the fields as organic fertilizer is the most environmentally friendly, economical, and effective method. At the same time, solid organic fertilizer made from decomposed straw is also an important method to increase soil fertility and address the problem of straw burning.

[0003] Existing large-scale vertical material crushing and spreading devices mostly adopt a symmetrically arranged spiral structure, utilizing the rotation of the spiral blades to crush organic fertilizer and then spreading the crushed fertilizer. However, the spiral crushing and spreading structure is prone to many problems during material spreading, such as central accumulation and uneven edge coverage, resulting in poor operating efficiency. At the same time, the crushing effect of spiral spreading devices is also poor, easily leading to the accumulation of large pieces of fertilizer on the ground, resulting in fertilizer waste. Moreover, existing spiral crushing and spreading devices suffer from severe uneven force distribution, significant vibration and impact, severe wear, and high maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a vertical material crushing and scattering device with staggered hammers and claws, which significantly improves the material crushing and scattering operation effect.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a vertical material crushing and spreading device with staggered hammer claws is provided, including a frame, at least two spreading vertical shafts rotatably connected to the frame, and a drive mechanism for driving the spreading vertical shafts to rotate, with adjacent spreading vertical shafts rotating in opposite directions; a plurality of hammer claw groups arranged axially are installed on the spreading vertical shafts, the hammer claw groups include a plurality of hammer claws arranged circumferentially, and a plurality of hammer teeth arranged vertically at intervals are provided at the end of the hammer claws away from the spreading vertical shafts, and the hammer teeth of corresponding hammer claws on two adjacent spreading vertical shafts are interlocked.

[0006] This solution integrates the material crushing and spreading device into a single unit using a frame, facilitating overall installation and relocation. When the spreading vertical shaft rotates, it drives the hammer claws of the hammer claw assembly to rotate around the axis of the spreading vertical shaft. The hammer claws and hammer teeth are used to crush the organic fertilizer, while the hammer claws and interlocking hammer teeth are used to spread the crushed organic fertilizer onto the field, thus improving the crushing and spreading effect.

[0007] As an optimization, the hammer teeth are fixedly equipped with weighted wear-resistant hammer blades. The weighted wear-resistant hammer blades on corresponding hammer claws of two adjacent throwing shafts are interlocked, with at least one side of each interlocked weighted wear-resistant hammer blade facing the material throwing direction. This optimization increases the centrifugal force during hammer claw rotation by setting weighted wear-resistant hammer blades on the hammer teeth, improving the throwing and crushing effect on the material. It also improves wear resistance, extending service life. Furthermore, the interlocked weighted wear-resistant hammer blades increase the thrust area on the material, enhancing the throwing effect.

[0008] As an optimization, the weighted wear-resistant hammer plates are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the hammer teeth along the rotation direction. This optimized solution provides weighted wear-resistant hammer plates on both the front and rear sides of the hammer teeth, which further increases the centrifugal force during rotation, further extends the service life, and when there are many throwing shafts, the weighted wear-resistant hammer plates can directly contact the material during the forward and reverse rotation of the throwing shafts.

[0009] As an optimization, the side of the weighted, wear-resistant hammer blade facing the material throwing direction is tilted forward, with an angle of 3° to 15° with the vertical direction. This optimization scheme transforms the horizontal throwing of materials into an upward oblique throwing, further improving the throwing effect.

[0010] As an optimization, a plurality of hammer claw mounting plates are fixedly mounted on the throwing shaft, arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction. The hammer claws are hinged to the hammer claw mounting plates via a vertical shaft. This optimized solution achieves the installation of hammer claws by setting hammer claw mounting plates, which facilitates the uniform circumferential placement of hammer claws on the mounting plates, improves the stability of the throwing shaft, and makes it easier to move hammer claws at the same height simultaneously, thus making maintenance more convenient.

[0011] As an optimization, a bottom spreading disc is fixed on the spreading vertical shaft below the hammer claw. The upper surface of the bottom spreading disc has several spreading plates arranged circumferentially at intervals. These spreading plates extend radially along the bottom spreading disc, forming a bottom material throwing channel between adjacent circumferential spreading plates. This optimized solution, by setting a bottom spreading disc, can catch materials that fall without being thrown by the hammer claw. The rotation of the bottom spreading disc causes the material falling onto it to be thrown out along the bottom material throwing channel, reducing fertilizer waste.

[0012] This solution also provides a method for using the above-mentioned vertical material crushing and spreading device with staggered hammer claws, including the following steps:

[0013] a. The vertical material crushing and spreading device is driven forward by the traction equipment. The vertical material crushing and spreading device is tilted forward by 3°~15° and the material is thrown backward and diagonally upward.

[0014] b. The drive mechanism receives power from the traction equipment and drives the spreading vertical shaft to rotate. The two adjacent spreading vertical shafts rotate in opposite directions. During the rotation of the spreading vertical shaft, when the heavy wear-resistant hammers on the adjacent spreading vertical shafts are not in the engaged state, the hammers and heavy wear-resistant hammers are used to crush the material. When the heavy wear-resistant hammers on the adjacent spreading vertical shafts are in the engaged state, the heavy wear-resistant hammers and hammers crush the material and throw the material out at the same time.

[0015] c. Material not thrown out by the hammer claws and heavy wear-resistant hammers falls to the bottom spreading plate. The bottom spreading plate rotates with the spreading vertical shaft, and the material is thrown out from the adjacent spreading plates through the spreading channel.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by the staggered arrangement of the hammer claws and the interlocking of the heavy wear-resistant hammers, the throwing width, breakage rate and throwing uniformity of the material are improved, the impact force when crushing and throwing the material is dispersed, and the service life is extended. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the hammers and claws of the adjacent vertical crushing and spreading rollers of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the bottom spreading plate of the adjacent vertical crushing and spreading rollers of this utility model;

[0020] As shown in the figure:

[0021] 1. Hammer claw assembly, 2. Hammer claw mounting plate, 3. Hammer claw, 4. Heavyweight wear-resistant hammer, 5. Spreading plate, 6. Bottom spreading plate, 7. Drive mechanism, 8. Bolt, 9. Frame, 10. Bearing, 11. Spreading vertical shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0023] A vertical material crushing and spreading device with staggered hammers and claws includes a frame 9, at least two spreading shafts 11 rotatably connected to the frame 9, and a drive mechanism 7 for driving the spreading shafts 11 to rotate about their own vertical axes. The rotation directions of adjacent spreading shafts are opposite, the axes of the spreading shafts extend vertically, and the spreading shafts are rotatably connected to the frame through bearings 10. In this embodiment, there are two spreading shafts, namely a left shaft and a right shaft, which are parallel to each other.

[0024] The drive mechanism includes a support frame fixed to the lower end of the frame 9, and a first reducer, a second reducer, and a third reducer mounted on the support frame and arranged sequentially along the transverse direction. The first and third reducers are both bevel gear reducers, with their output and input shafts driven by bevel gears at a 90° angle. The second reducer has a dual-output-shaft structure. The output shaft of the first reducer is located below the left vertical shaft and is coaxially fixed to it. The input shaft of the first reducer is coaxially fixed to the output shaft on the left side of the second reducer. The output shaft of the third reducer is located below the right vertical shaft and is coaxially fixed to it. The input shaft of the third reducer is coaxially fixed to the output shaft on the right side of the second reducer. The input shaft of the second reducer is connected to the power output shaft of the traction equipment. In use, the frame is installed behind the traction equipment, which drives the crushing and spreading device forward. The second reducer receives power from the traction equipment and transmits it to the spreading vertical shaft through the first and third reducers, thereby rotating the spreading vertical shaft.

[0025] A plurality of hammer claw assemblies 1 are mounted on the vertical shaft 11, arranged axially. Each hammer claw assembly includes a plurality of hammer claws 3 arranged circumferentially. At the end of each hammer claw radially away from its vertical shaft, a plurality of hammer teeth are arranged vertically at intervals. A fitting groove is formed between two adjacent vertically adjacent hammer teeth, and the hammer teeth of corresponding hammer claws on two adjacent vertical shafts fit together. Weighted wear-resistant hammer plates 4 are fixedly mounted on the hammer teeth. The weighted wear-resistant hammer plates 4 on corresponding hammer claws on two adjacent vertical shafts fit together, and at least one side of each weighted wear-resistant hammer plate 4 in the fitted state faces the material throwing direction. During the fitting process of the weighted wear-resistant hammer plates on both sides of the hammer claws, the fertilizer block is crushed, improving the crushing effect. As the weighted wear-resistant hammer plates continue to move, the crushed fertilizer is thrown out. In this embodiment, when the weighted wear-resistant hammer plates on adjacent vertical shafts are in the fitted state, the front sides of the two fitted weighted wear-resistant hammer plates in the rotation direction face the organic fertilizer throwing direction.

[0026] To further improve the material throwing and crushing effect, in this embodiment, the aforementioned weighted wear-resistant hammer plates 4 are fixedly provided on both the front and rear sides of the hammer teeth along the rotation direction. The weighted wear-resistant hammer plates 4 are fixed to the hammer teeth by bolts 8. By providing weighted wear-resistant hammer plates on both sides, the centrifugal force and wear resistance of the hammer claws are increased.

[0027] With the traction equipment moving in the forward direction, the heavy wear-resistant hammer 4 is tilted forward on the side facing the material throwing direction, and the angle between it and the vertical direction is 3°~15°, so that the direction of throwing the material is backward and upward, thereby increasing the throwing amplitude.

[0028] A plurality of hammer claw mounting plates 2, arranged sequentially and at intervals along the axial direction, are fixed on the vertical shaft for scattering. The hammer claws are hinged to the mounting plates via the vertical shaft. The hammer claws on the mounting plates are evenly distributed circumferentially, reducing the shaking of the vertical shaft during the crushing and scattering operation and improving the stability of the entire device. In this embodiment, each mounting plate has three hammer claws evenly arranged circumferentially. When the vertical shaft rotates, the hinged relationship between the hammer claws and the mounting plates ensures that all hammer claws are in a radially extending state, guaranteeing that the included angles between the three hammer claws are consistent. At the same time, when encountering hard objects such as stones, the hammer claws can rotate around the vertical shaft, avoiding damage to the hammer claws.

[0029] In this embodiment, each vertical shaft for spreading is provided with 4 sets of hammer claws. Each set of hammer claws 1 is provided with two hammer claw mounting plates 2 distributed at the top and bottom. The hammer claw mounting plates are sleeved and fixed on the vertical shaft. The end of the hammer claw near the vertical shaft extends between the two hammer claw mounting plates and is fixed to the vertical shaft. The upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft pass through the upper and lower hammer claw mounting plates respectively and are rotatably connected to the two hammer claw mounting plates. The end of the hammer claw away from the vertical shaft is provided with hammer teeth and heavy-duty wear-resistant hammer plates 4.

[0030] Specifically, the hammer claw includes a vertically arranged upright plate and a mounting plate fixed to the end of the upright plate away from the throwing shaft. The mounting plate and the upright plate are integral parts. The end of the upright plate away from the mounting plate is fixed to the vertical shaft. Hammer teeth and heavy-duty wear-resistant hammers are located at the end of the mounting plate away from the upright plate, and the height of the end of the mounting plate away from the upright plate is greater than the height of the upright plate, thereby increasing the length of the crushing and throwing action on the material and improving the efficiency of crushing and throwing operations. In this embodiment, each hammer claw is provided with 5 hammer teeth. The hammer claw groups closest to each other on adjacent throwing shafts are symmetrically arranged around their respective fixed throwing shafts. The hammer claws on two hammer claw groups are symmetrically arranged, but staggered in height by 1-2 hammer teeth along their respective main axis directions (1 in this example). When adjacent throwing shafts rotate, some hammer claws on the two hammer claw groups will overlap, and the protruding hammer teeth on the hammer claws will interlock with each other.

[0031] Each set of hammer claws on the spreading shaft is deflected at a certain angle relative to the adjacent set of hammer claws along the axis. This angle is 180° divided by the number of hammer claws in each set (3 in this embodiment). This ensures that the hammer claws hinged on this set are evenly and crosswise arranged with the hammer claws hinged on the adjacent sets. This staggers the engagement time of the weighted wear-resistant hammers of the upper and lower adjacent sets, further improving the uniformity and continuity of fertilizer spreading.

[0032] A bottom spreading disc 6 is fixedly mounted on the spreading vertical shaft 11, located below the hammer claw. The upper surface of the bottom spreading disc 6 has several spreading plates 5 arranged circumferentially at intervals. The spreading plates extend radially along the bottom spreading disc, forming a bottom material throwing channel between two adjacent spreading plates 5. In this embodiment, each bottom spreading disc has three spreading plates, evenly distributed circumferentially. When the bottom spreading disc rotates, the centrifugal force of the material falling onto it causes the material to be thrown out along the bottom material throwing channel. In this embodiment, the spreading plates are hinged to the bottom spreading disc via a vertical shaft. During rotation, the centrifugal force automatically keeps the spreading plates in a radially extending state, improving the uniformity of material throwing. For ease of installation, a disc fixed to the spreading vertical shaft is mounted above the bottom spreading disc, with the spreading plates located between the disc and the bottom spreading disc.

[0033] The method of using the vertical material crushing and spreading device with staggered hammers and claws in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0034] a. The frame of the entire crushing and spreading device is installed at the rear of the traction equipment. The traction equipment drives the vertical material crushing and spreading device forward. The vertical material crushing and spreading device is tilted forward by 3°~15°, and the material is thrown backward and diagonally upward. The traction equipment can be agricultural machinery such as agricultural tractors.

[0035] b. The drive mechanism receives power from the traction equipment and drives the spreading vertical shaft to rotate. The two adjacent spreading vertical shafts rotate in opposite directions. During the rotation of the spreading vertical shaft, when the heavy wear-resistant hammers on the adjacent spreading vertical shafts are not in the engaged state, the hammers and heavy wear-resistant hammers are used to crush the material. When the heavy wear-resistant hammers on the adjacent spreading vertical shafts are in the engaged state, the heavy wear-resistant hammers and hammers crush the material and throw the material out at the same time.

[0036] c. Material not thrown out by the hammer claws and heavy wear-resistant hammers falls to the bottom spreading plate. The bottom spreading plate rotates with the spreading vertical shaft, and the material is thrown out from the adjacent spreading plates through the spreading channel.

[0037] The present invention comprises a vertical crushing and spreading roller consisting of a spreading shaft, hammer claws, a hammer claw mounting plate, heavy-duty wear-resistant hammers, a spreading plate, and a bottom spreading plate. This vertical crushing and spreading roller forms a new material crushing and spreading mechanism. By optimizing the layout of the hammer claws and designing an alternating arrangement, the material crushing and spreading operation effect is significantly improved, impact is reduced, and the service life of the device is extended.

[0038] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features of this utility model not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. This utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this utility model do not depart from the spirit of this utility model and should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with hammer claw staggered arrangement, characterized in that: The frame (9), the at least two throwing vertical shafts (11) rotatably connected with the frame (9), and the driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the throwing vertical shafts (11), the rotation directions of the adjacent throwing vertical shafts are opposite; the throwing vertical shaft (11) is provided with a plurality of hammer claw groups (1) arranged in the axial direction, the hammer claw group comprises a plurality of hammer claws (3) arranged in the circumferential direction, and the end of the hammer claw away from the throwing vertical shaft is provided with a plurality of hammer teeth arranged in the vertical direction; the hammer teeth of the corresponding hammer claws on the two adjacent throwing vertical shafts are mutually embedded.

2. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with staggered hammers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer tooth is provided with a heavy wear-resistant hammer piece (4), the heavy wear-resistant hammer pieces (4) on the corresponding hammer claws on the two adjacent throwing vertical shafts are mutually embedded, and at least one side surface of each heavy wear-resistant hammer piece (4) in the mutually embedded state faces the material throwing direction.

3. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with staggered hammers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hammer tooth is provided with the heavy wear-resistant hammer piece (4) on the front and rear side surfaces in the rotation direction.

4. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with staggered hammers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side surface of the heavy wear-resistant hammer piece (4) facing the material throwing direction is inclined forward, and the included angle with the vertical direction is 3°-15°.

5. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with staggered claw arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throwing vertical shaft is provided with a plurality of hammer claw mounting discs (2) arranged in the axial direction and spaced apart in sequence, and the hammer claw is hinged with the hammer claw mounting disc through a vertical shaft.

6. A vertical material breaking and throwing device with staggered hammers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throwing vertical shaft (11) is provided with a bottom throwing disc (6) below the hammer claw, and the upper surface of the bottom throwing disc (6) is provided with a plurality of throwing plates (5) arranged in the circumferential direction and spaced apart in sequence, the throwing plate extends along the radial direction of the bottom throwing disc, and a bottom material throwing channel is formed between the two adjacent throwing plates (5) in the circumferential direction.

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