Positioning clamp

Abstract

The utility model discloses a positioning clamp, relates to the technical field of clamping and positioning of small shaft parts, and is particularly suitable for scenes such as optical microscope ring object shooting, shaft part surface roughness detection and high-precision size measurement. Comprising a speed reducer and a rotating table, a lifting device is arranged under the speed reduction device. An output shaft of the speed reduction device is connected with a connecting block, and a limiting device is arranged in the connecting block. The rotating table comprises a limiting frame, a transmission device is arranged on the side, close to the speed reduction device, of the limiting frame, and a sliding block penetrates through the transmission device. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to the side face of the transmission device, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the positioning plate at intervals, the positioning holes are matched with positioning rods on the limiting device, and the positioning rods and the positioning holes are fixed through positioning mechanisms. The positioning device has the beneficial effects that the positioning rod and the multi-stage positioning holes are designed in a matched mode, self-adaptive compensation of the axis is achieved through the positioning holes distributed in the positioning plate in a gradient mode, and shaft parts with the diameter ranging from 3 mm to 20 mm can be rapidly positioned without replacing a clamp.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of clamping and positioning technology for small shaft parts, and particularly to a positioning fixture. Background Technology

[0002] Precision inspection of shaft components often requires adaptability to workpieces of different diameters and lengths. Traditional fixtures, due to structural limitations, cannot achieve full-size coverage. They constrain the workpiece through a single clamping interface or limiting hole, resulting in a limited adjustment range. When changing shaft components of different specifications, repeated disassembly and adjustment of positioning elements are required, making the operation process cumbersome and difficult to maintain positioning accuracy. Especially for extremely small diameter or ultra-long shaft components, traditional fixtures, lacking linkage adjustment mechanisms and adaptive clamping structures, are prone to workpiece axis misalignment or clamping instability, seriously affecting the reliability of inspection results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose a positioning fixture that aims to solve the problem of efficiency in precision inspection of shaft components.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a positioning fixture, comprising a deceleration device and a rotating table; a lifting device is provided directly below the deceleration device; the output shaft of the deceleration device is connected to a connecting block, and a limit device is provided inside the connecting block; the rotating table includes a limit frame, and a transmission device is provided on the side of the limit frame near the deceleration device, with a slider passing through the transmission device; a positioning plate is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission device, and a plurality of positioning holes are provided at intervals on the positioning plate, the positioning holes cooperating with positioning rods on the limit device, and the positioning rods and positioning holes being fixed by a positioning mechanism.

[0005] In one embodiment, the system further includes a worktable with a guide rail on both sides. Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the guide rail, and a support platform is provided on the guide rail. A support base is provided at the bottom of the support platform, and both ends of the support base cooperate with the limiting grooves. A baffle is movably connected to one side of the guide rail.

[0006] In one embodiment, the device further includes a base located below the deceleration device. Limiting rods are vertically arranged around the bottom of the deceleration device, and limiting holes are provided on the base corresponding to the limiting rods. The limiting rods and limiting holes are fitted with a clearance.

[0007] In one embodiment, the deceleration device includes an input shaft connected to a knob, the knob having anti-slip texture.

[0008] In one embodiment, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft and a mounting hole. The mounting hole is clearance-fitted with the positioning shaft. A through hole is provided on the positioning rod corresponding to the positioning shaft. The mounting hole includes a straight hole and a threaded hole. The straight hole is located above the positioning hole, and the threaded hole is located below the positioning hole. The upper middle part of the positioning shaft is a long straight part, and the lower part of the positioning shaft is a threaded post.

[0009] In one embodiment, a buffer pad is provided below the slider. The buffer pad includes a buffer layer and an anti-slip layer. The buffer layer is made of polyurethane / silicone composite foam, and the anti-slip layer is made of wear-resistant rubber. Silicon carbide particles are sprayed onto the anti-slip layer.

[0010] In one embodiment, the front end of the base is respectively provided with a limit device on / off switch, a transmission device on / off switch, a transmission device up button, and a transmission device down button. The limit device on / off switch controls the opening and closing of the limit device, the transmission device on / off switch controls the opening and closing of the transmission device, the transmission device up button controls the rising of the slider, and the transmission device down button controls the falling of the slider.

[0011] In one embodiment, the transmission device is a lead screw device, the lower end of which is connected to a drive motor.

[0012] In one embodiment, the limiting device is an electromagnet device or a baffle locking structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reduction device is one of a planetary gearbox, a worm gear transmission structure, a multi-stage gear transmission structure, or a harmonic reducer.

[0014] The shaft positioning fixture provided by the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] The positioning rod is designed to work with multi-level positioning holes. The positioning holes on the positioning plate are distributed in a gradient to achieve adaptive compensation of the shaft center. This allows shaft parts with a diameter range of 3-20mm to be quickly positioned without changing the fixture. This not only ensures the consistency of the clamping shaft center, but also simplifies the size adaptation process.

[0016] The multi-dimensional linkage adjustment mechanism integrates a speed reduction device, a lifting device, and a transmission device. The output shaft drives the connecting block to rotate, the lead screw drives the slider to rise and fall, and the limit device locks the position. In practical applications, the speed reduction device knob can coordinate with the lifting device and the transmission device to control the linkage adjustment of rotation and vertical lifting, merging the traditional step-by-step calibration process into an integrated operation and improving testing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a positioning fixture provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a positioning fixture provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of an embodiment of a positioning fixture provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross-section structure;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-section structure;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the positioning rod, positioning plate, and positioning shaft;

[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0025] 1. Worktable; 11. Guide rail; 12. Limiting groove; 13. Support platform; 131. Support base; 14. Baffle; 2. Reduction device; 21. Input shaft; 22. Knob; 221. Anti-slip texture; 23. Output shaft; 24. Limiting rod; 3. Base; 31. Lifting device; 311. Lifting rod; 32. Limiting hole; 4. Rotating table; 41. Transmission device; 412. Slider; 4121. Buffer pad; 4122. Buffer layer; 4123. Anti-slip layer; 413. Drive motor; 42. Limiting frame; 43. Connecting block; 431. Limiting device; 432. Positioning rod; 4321. Through hole; 45. Positioning plate; 451. Positioning hole; 453, Positioning shaft; 4531, Mounting hole; 5, Limit device on / off switch; 6, Transmission device on / off switch; 7, Transmission device rising key; 8, Transmission device falling key; 9, Shaft components.

[0026] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that if directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are involved in the embodiments of this invention, these directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions using terms such as "first," "second," etc., these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Furthermore, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel options; for example, "A and / or B" includes option A, option B, or options where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown; this positioning fixture includes a reduction gear 2 and a rotating table 4; the output shaft 23 of the reduction gear 2 is connected to a connecting block 43, and a limit device 431 is provided inside the connecting block 43; a lifting device 31 is provided directly below the reduction gear 2; the rotating table 4 includes a limit frame 42, and a transmission device 41 is provided on the side of the limit frame 42 near the reduction gear 2, and a slider 412 passes through the transmission device 41; a positioning plate 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission device 41, and at least three positioning holes 451 are provided on the positioning plate 45 at intervals; the positioning holes 451 cooperate with the positioning rods 432 on the limit device 431, and the positioning rods 432 and the positioning holes 451 are connected by a positioning rod. The positioning mechanism is fixed; the positioning rod 432 cooperates with multiple positioning holes 451 to ensure that the positioning rod 432 and shaft parts 9 of different sizes are on the same axis, so that when the experimenter rotates the shaft part 9, the other end of the shaft part 9 always fits against the support platform 13, preventing the shaft part 9 from slipping; the deceleration device 2 drives the connecting block 43 through the output shaft 23, and the limiting device 431 locks the position; the lifting device 31 adjusts the vertical height, the transmission device 41 drives the slider 412 to move up and down, and the positioning plate 45 cooperates with the positioning rod 432 to fix the position; multi-dimensional precise positioning (rotation + lifting) is achieved, which can adapt to the full size coverage of shaft parts 9 of φ3-20mm.

[0031] This positioning fixture also includes a worktable 1, on which a guide rail 11 is provided. A support platform 13 moves back and forth along the guide rail 11 to accommodate shaft-like parts 9 with a length of 5mm-60mm. Limit grooves 12 are provided on both sides of the guide rail 11, and a support platform 13 is correspondingly provided on the guide rail 11. The upper end of the support platform 13 has a V-shaped cross-section to accommodate shaft-like parts 9 with a diameter of 3mm-20mm. A support base 131 is provided at the bottom of the support platform 13. The support base 131 is a rectangular base plate, and the support base 131 is close to... A support platform 13 is vertically installed on one side edge of the transfer table. The two ends of the support platform 131 are engaged with the limiting groove 12. A baffle 14 is screwed to one side of the guide rail 11. Screw holes are provided at the four corners of the baffle 14. Screw holes are provided on the worktable 1 on one side of the guide rail 11. The guide rail 11 and the limiting groove 12 cooperate to achieve linear guidance. The baffle 14 restricts the lateral displacement of the workpiece and facilitates the replacement of the support platform 13. The guide rail 11 and the support platform 13 improve the load-bearing stability of the workpiece and prevent the deviation caused by processing vibration.

[0032] This positioning fixture also includes a base 3, which is located below the deceleration device 2. Limiting rods 24 are vertically arranged around the bottom of the deceleration device 2. The base 3 is provided with limiting holes 32 corresponding to the limiting rods 24. The limiting rods 24 and the limiting holes 32 are fitted with a clearance. The limiting rods 24 are inserted into the limiting holes 32 of the base 3 to form a vertical reference. The lifting stability of the deceleration device 2 is improved by the cooperation of the limiting holes 32 and the limiting rods 24.

[0033] The speed reduction device 2 includes an input shaft 21, which is connected to a knob 22. The knob 22 is provided with anti-slip texture 221. Rotating the speed reduction device 2 by rotating the knob 22 controls the rotation of the shaft component 9. The knob 22 drives the speed reduction device 2 through the input shaft 21. The anti-slip texture 221 increases torque transmission efficiency, simplifies the operation process, and adapts to non-powered environments.

[0034] The positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft 453 and a mounting hole 4531. The mounting hole 4531 is clearance-fitted with the positioning shaft 453. A through hole 4321 is provided on the positioning rod 432 corresponding to the positioning shaft 453. The mounting hole 4531 includes a straight hole and a threaded hole. The straight hole section of the positioning shaft 453 is a guide, and the threaded post is screwed into the threaded hole to provide axial clamping force. The straight hole is located above the positioning hole 451, and the threaded hole is located below the positioning hole 451. The upper middle part of the positioning shaft 453 is a long straight part, and the lower part of the positioning shaft 453 is a threaded post. After the positioning shaft 453 enters the mounting hole 4531, it passes through the through hole 4321 on the positioning rod 432 and is threaded into the threaded hole, thus completing the fixed connection between the limiting device 431 and the rotating table 4. A hexagonal screw is provided at the top of the upper end of the positioning shaft 453 for easy fixing of the positioning shaft 453.

[0035] As an optional implementation, a buffer pad 4121 is provided below the slider 412. The buffer pad 4121 includes a buffer layer 4122 and an anti-slip layer 4123. The buffer layer 4122 is made of polyurethane / silicone composite foam. The compression resilience of the buffer layer 4122 is used to fit shaft parts 9 of different sizes. The anti-slip layer 4123 is made of wear-resistant rubber and is coated with silicon carbide particles. The anti-slip layer 4123 increases the coefficient of friction, improves the stability of the buffer pad 4121 and the limit frame 42 in clamping the shaft parts 9, and reduces scratches on the workpiece surface.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the buttons on the base have an IP65 protection rating, making them suitable for oily environments.

[0037] The front end of the base 3 is equipped with a limit device switch 5, a transmission device switch 6, a transmission device up button 7, and a transmission device down button 8. The limit device switch 5 controls the opening and closing of the limit device 431, the transmission device switch 6 controls the opening and closing of the transmission device 41, the transmission device up button 7 controls the rising of the slider 412, and the transmission device down button 8 controls the falling of the slider 412. The button signals control the motor start / stop and lifting direction through the PLC, realizing one-button operation and improving the level of automation.

[0038] The transmission device 41 adopts a lead screw device, which is a custom lead screw device with a diameter of 4mm and an effective stroke of 25mm. The lower end of the lead screw device is connected to the drive motor 413, which is connected to the battery. The drive motor 413 drives the lead screw to rotate, and the slider 412 moves up and down along the lead screw.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the limiting device 431 adopts an electromagnet device and a locking structure of the baffle 14. The electromagnet device can be of model SA-992, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0040] As an optional implementation, the reduction device 2 is one of a planetary gearbox, a worm gear transmission structure, a multi-stage gear transmission structure, or a harmonic reducer. The planetary gearbox is selected as model Tornomatic D32ALU, and the speed ratio is set to 10:1. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0041] As an optional implementation, this positioning fixture can be applied to scenarios such as optical microscope imaging, surface roughness detection of shaft parts, and high-precision dimensional measurement.

[0042] Working principle:

[0043] Based on the diameter of the shaft part 9, determine the center position of the shaft part 9, and then adjust the deceleration device 2 to the corresponding height through the lifting device 31;

[0044] Next, after removing the positioning shaft 453, the limiting device 431 is closed by using the limit device switch 5, the positioning rod 432 disengages from the positioning hole 451, the rotating table 4 is moved to the same horizontal plane as the support table 13, the limiting device 431 is opened, the positioning rod 432 enters the corresponding positioning hole 451, the positioning shaft 453 is then inserted into the mounting hole 4531 and passes through the through hole 4321 on the positioning rod 432, and then rotated and tightened.

[0045] Adjust the support platform 13 along the guide rail 11 to a suitable position according to the length of the shaft component 9;

[0046] The operator turns on the transmission device 41 by using the transmission device switch 6, moves the slider 412 upward by using the transmission device up button 7, and then places the shaft part 9 onto the limit frame 42 and the support platform 13. Then the operator uses the transmission device down button 8 to make the buffer pad 4121 on the slider 412 press against the shaft part 9.

[0047] Finally, the operator rotates the shaft component 9 by turning the knob 22 to complete the metallographic imaging under the optical microscope, so as to form a complete ring object photograph.

[0048] After the shooting is completed, the slider 412 is moved up by the lifting key 7 of the transmission device to remove the shaft part 9;

[0049] Repeat the above steps when you need to photograph shaft parts of different sizes.

[0050] It should be understood that the terms "one embodiment" or "one example" throughout the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in one example" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also recognize that the embodiments described in the specification are optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the invention.

[0051] In various embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not necessarily imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It is particularly important to note that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0053] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture, characterized by: Including speed reducer (2), rotating platform (4); The lifting device (31) is provided below the speed reducer (2); The output shaft (23) of the speed reducer (2) is connected with the connecting block (43), and the connecting block (43) is provided with the limiting device (431) inside; The rotating platform (4) includes the limiting frame (42), the drive device (41) is arranged on the side of the limiting frame (42) close to the speed reducer (2), and the sliding block (412) is arranged on the drive device (41); The positioning plate (45) is fixedly connected to the side of the drive device (41), a plurality of positioning holes (451) are arranged on the positioning plate (45) at intervals, the positioning hole (451) is matched with the positioning rod (432) on the limiting device (431), and the positioning rod (432) and the positioning hole (451) are fixed by the positioning mechanism.

2. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a workbench (1), the guide rail (11) is provided on the workbench (1), the guide rail (11) is provided with a limiting groove (12) on both sides, the support table (13) is provided on the guide rail (11) correspondingly, the support seat (131) is provided at the bottom of the support table (13), and the both ends of the support seat (131) are matched with the limiting groove (12); The baffle (14) is movably connected to one side of the guide rail (11).

3. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a base (3), the base (3) is located below the speed reducer (2), the limiting rods (24) are vertically arranged around the bottom of the speed reducer (2), the base (3) is provided with limiting holes (32) corresponding to the limiting rods (24), and the limiting rods (24) and the limiting holes (32) are gap matched.

4. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The speed reducer (2) includes an input shaft (21), the input shaft (21) is connected with a knob (22), and the knob (22) is provided with anti-skid lines (221).

5. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft (453) and a mounting hole (4531), the mounting hole (4531) is gap matched with the positioning shaft (453), the positioning rod (432) is provided with a through hole (4321) corresponding to the positioning shaft (453), the mounting hole (4531) includes a straight hole and a threaded hole, the straight hole is located above the positioning hole (451), the threaded hole is located below the positioning hole (451), the middle upper part of the positioning shaft (453) is a long straight part, and the lower part of the positioning shaft (453) is a threaded column.

6. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (412) is provided below the buffer pad (4121), the buffer pad (4121) includes a buffer layer (4122) and an anti-skid layer (4123), the buffer layer (4122) is made of polyurethane / silica gel composite foam, the anti-skid layer (4123) is made of wear-resistant rubber, and the anti-skid layer (4123) is sprayed with silicon carbide particles.

7. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The front end of the base (3) is respectively provided with a limiting device opening key (5), a transmission device opening key (6), a transmission device lifting key (7) and a transmission device lowering key (8), the limiting device opening key (5) controls the opening and closing of the limiting device (431), the transmission device opening key (6) controls the opening and closing of the transmission device (41), the transmission device lifting key (7) controls the lifting of the sliding block (412), and the transmission device lowering key (8) controls the lowering of the sliding block (412).

8. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission device (41) adopts a lead screw device, and the lower end of the lead screw device is connected with a driving motor (413).

9. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device (431) adopts an electromagnet device, a baffle lock structure.

10. A positioning fixture as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The speed reducer (2) is one of a planetary gear box, a worm and gear transmission structure, a multi-stage gear transmission structure and a harmonic reducer.

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