Open waveguide antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses an open type waveguide antenna, which comprises a waveguide antenna layer plate, a plurality of antenna radiation structures and a chip port group, the antenna radiation structures and the chip port group are arranged on the waveguide antenna layer plate, one ends of the antenna radiation structures are connected with the chip port group, and the antenna radiation structures adopt open type waveguide transmission lines. According to the open type waveguide antenna, the open type waveguide transmission line structure is adopted, the antenna only needs a single-layer structure, a sealing welding process is not needed, the manufacturing yield is greatly improved, and the production cost of the antenna is reduced; a transition conversion structure of an open waveguide transmission line and an LOP chip port is designed, combination of the waveguide transmission line and the LOP packaging technology is achieved, the designed transition conversion structure has low insertion loss, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a waveguide antenna, and more particularly to an open waveguide antenna, belonging to the field of antenna technology. Background Technology

[0002] The open waveguide antenna exhibits significant technological advantages in the millimeter-wave band through its innovative single-layer open deep-groove structure design. Compared to traditional rectangular waveguides, this structure not only offers lower loss in the 77GHz band but also eliminates the need for sealed welding processes, significantly improving manufacturing yield and reducing production costs. In terms of performance, the open waveguide combines low loss with high integration. Its concentrated electromagnetic energy transmission effectively suppresses radiation loss, while the open structure facilitates the embedding of heat dissipation channels, significantly improving operational reliability in high-power scenarios. This design maintains excellent impedance matching within the 76-81GHz operating frequency band, providing a high-performance, low-cost, and mass-producible antenna solution for high-frequency systems such as automotive millimeter-wave radar and 5G communication base stations.

[0003] For example, CN117941173A, an open waveguide antenna and a system having an open waveguide antenna, includes an electromagnetic EM transition section having a transition region, a signal feed interface, and an open waveguide section. The EM transition section is configured to couple EM energy from the signal feed interface to a pilot waveguide mode of EM energy reaching the open waveguide section via the transition region. It also includes a leaky waveguide antenna section configured and set to radiate electromagnetic energy received from the open waveguide section. The EM transition section is electromagnetically coupled to the leaky waveguide antenna section, and the EM transition section is configured to support electromagnetic energy transfer from the signal feed structure to the leaky waveguide antenna section.

[0004] With advancements in technology, most chip manufacturers now offer Launch On Package (LoP) technology, which allows signals to be transmitted directly from the MMIC to the antenna via waveguides within the PCB, achieving highly efficient electromagnetic signal transmission. Open waveguide antennas, with their unique structural design, exhibit significant advantages in millimeter-wave systems. First, their open slotted structure enables low-loss transmission, significantly improving system energy efficiency. Second, this integrated design completely eliminates the soldering process required for traditional waveguides, simplifying the manufacturing process and improving production yield. Most importantly, open waveguides can be mass-produced using injection molding, and the metallization of the plastic substrate further reduces manufacturing costs. This design, combining high performance, high reliability, and low cost, makes it an ideal choice for fields such as 77GHz automotive radar and 5G millimeter-wave communication.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a waveguide antenna that integrates open waveguide and LOP packaging technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an open waveguide antenna that combines open waveguide and LOP packaging technology.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] An open waveguide antenna includes a waveguide antenna layer and several antenna radiating structures and a chip port group disposed on the waveguide antenna layer. One end of the several antenna radiating structures is connected to the chip port group, and the several antenna radiating structures adopt an open waveguide transmission line.

[0009] Furthermore, the open waveguide transmission line adopts a deep groove waveguide transmission line and the upper side of the waveguide cavity is open.

[0010] Furthermore, the plurality of antenna radiation structures are equally divided into a wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group and a narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group. The wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structures and the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structures in the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group and the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group are paired up to form an antenna array.

[0011] Furthermore, the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure includes an open waveguide transmission line, a matching step transition structure, and a transition structure. One end of the open waveguide transmission line is connected to a chip port in the chip port group through the transition structure, and one end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line is connected to the transition structure through the matching step transition structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure includes an open waveguide transmission line, a matching step conversion structure, a transition structure, and a polarization conversion structure. One end of the open waveguide transmission line is connected to one end of the polarization conversion structure through the transition structure, and the other end of the polarization conversion structure is connected to a chip port in the chip port group. One end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line is connected to the transition structure through the matching step conversion structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the chip port group includes eight chip ports, which are distributed in two columns and are symmetrically distributed from left to right. The four chip ports in each column are evenly spaced from top to bottom, and the four chip ports in each column are staggered from top to bottom.

[0014] Furthermore, the four central chip ports of the eight chip ports are respectively connected to four narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structures, and the four chip ports located on the upper and lower sides of the eight chip ports are respectively connected to four wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structures.

[0015] Furthermore, if the ridge height of the open waveguide transmission line is s, and the distance between the upper end face of the ridge and the cutoff height is δ, then the cutoff wavelength λ of the open waveguide transmission line is... c =4*(s+δ).

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0017] 1. The open waveguide antenna of this utility model adopts an open waveguide transmission line structure. The antenna only requires a single-layer structure and does not require a sealing welding process, which greatly improves the manufacturing yield and reduces the production cost of the antenna.

[0018] 2. This utility model designs a transition conversion structure between an open waveguide transmission line and a LOP chip port, realizing the combination of waveguide transmission line and LOP packaging technology. Furthermore, the designed transition conversion structure has low insertion loss, which greatly improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an open waveguide antenna according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a reverse schematic diagram of an open waveguide antenna according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation structure of the wide-side waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a reverse structural diagram of the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation structure of the narrow-side waveguide antenna of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the inverse structure of the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the open waveguide transmission line of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a performance comparison chart between open waveguide transmission lines and rectangular waveguide transmission lines.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conversion of an open waveguide antenna according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To elaborate on the technical solutions adopted by this utility model to achieve the intended technical objectives, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Furthermore, the technical means or technical features in the embodiments of this utility model can be replaced without creative effort. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an open waveguide antenna of this utility model includes a waveguide antenna layer 1 and a plurality of antenna radiating structures 2 and a chip port group 3 disposed on the waveguide antenna layer 1. One end of the plurality of antenna radiating structures 2 is connected to the chip port group 3, and the plurality of antenna radiating structures 2 adopt an open waveguide transmission line.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, the open waveguide transmission line adopts a deep groove waveguide transmission line and the upper side of the waveguide cavity is open, that is, the upper side of the waveguide cavity of the ridge waveguide transmission line does not need to be welded and sealed. The entire waveguide antenna can be formed in a single layer, which greatly improves the yield and reduces the cost of the waveguide antenna.

[0031] For an open waveguide transmission line, the ridge height is s, and the distance between the upper end face of the ridge and the cutoff height is δ. Then the cutoff wavelength λ of the open waveguide transmission line is... c =4*(s+δ). The cutoff height is the highest height at which the antenna wave propagates within the ridge waveguide cavity, and it can be obtained through software simulation.

[0032] like Figure 8 The figure shows a performance comparison between open waveguide transmission lines and rectangular waveguide transmission lines. It can be seen that open waveguide transmission lines also have lower losses compared to conventional rectangular waveguides.

[0033] Several antenna radiating structures 2 are equally divided into wide-side waveguide antenna radiating structure groups and narrow-side waveguide antenna radiating structure groups. The wide-side waveguide antenna radiating structures and narrow-side waveguide antenna radiating structures in both groups are paired and arranged to form an antenna array. The chip port 7 of the wide-side waveguide antenna radiating structure operates in wide-side transmission mode, meaning the radiation direction of chip port 7 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the open waveguide transmission line. The chip port 7 of the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiating structure operates in narrow-side transmission mode, meaning the radiation direction of chip port 7 is parallel to the extension direction of the open waveguide transmission line.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure includes an open waveguide transmission line 4, a matching step transition structure 5, and a transition structure 6. One end of the open waveguide transmission line 4 is connected to a chip port 7 in the chip port group 3 through the transition structure 6, and one end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line 4 is connected to the transition structure 6 through the matching step transition structure 5.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure includes an open waveguide transmission line 4, a matching step conversion structure 5, a transition structure 6, and a polarization conversion structure 8. One end of the open waveguide transmission line 4 is connected to one end of the polarization conversion structure 8 through the transition structure 6. The other end of the polarization conversion structure 8 is connected to a chip port 7 in the chip port group 3. One end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line 4 is connected to the transition structure 6 through the matching step conversion structure 5. The chip port 7 of the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure has a mode mismatch problem between its transmission mode and the transmission mode of the open waveguide. Therefore, the polarization conversion structure 8 needs to be added to convert the narrow-side radiation mode to a wide-side radiation mode.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the chip port group 3 contains eight chip ports 7, which are arranged in two columns and are symmetrically distributed from left to right. The four chip ports 7 in each column are evenly spaced from top to bottom, and the four chip ports 7 in each column are staggered from top to bottom.

[0037] The four central chip ports 7 are connected to the four narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structures, while the four upper and lower chip ports 7 are connected to the four wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structures.

[0038] like Figure 9 As shown, several different conversions exhibit low insertion loss S21, approximately 0.15 dB, making them suitable for use in open waveguide antennas with multiple transmitters and receivers. Arraying open waveguide antennas can replace commonly available rectangular waveguide antennas, achieving high yield and low cost.

[0039] This invention discloses an open waveguide antenna with an open waveguide transmission line structure. The antenna only requires a single-layer structure and does not require a sealing welding process, which greatly improves the manufacturing yield and reduces the production cost of the antenna. This invention also designs a transition structure between the open waveguide transmission line and the LOP chip port, realizing the combination of waveguide transmission line and LOP packaging technology. Furthermore, the designed transition structure has low insertion loss, which greatly improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution, based on the technical essence of the present utility model and within the spirit and principles of the present utility model, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model's technical solution.

Claims

1. An open waveguide antenna, characterized by: The application relates to a waveguide antenna layer plate and a chip port group arranged on the waveguide antenna layer plate, wherein one end of a plurality of antenna radiation structures is connected with the chip port group, and the plurality of antenna radiation structures adopt open waveguide transmission lines.

2. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open waveguide transmission line adopts a deep groove waveguide transmission line, and the upper side of the waveguide cavity is open.

3. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of antenna radiation structures are divided into a wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group and a narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group, and the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structures in the wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group and the narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure group are arranged in pairs one by one and form an antenna array.

4. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structure comprises an open waveguide transmission line, a matching step conversion structure and a transition structure, one end of the open waveguide transmission line is connected with one chip port in the chip port group through the transition structure, and one end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line is connected with the transition structure through the matching step conversion structure.

5. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structure comprises an open waveguide transmission line, a matching step conversion structure, a transition structure and a polarization conversion structure, one end of the open waveguide transmission line is connected with one end of the polarization conversion structure through the transition structure, the other end of the polarization conversion structure is connected with one chip port in the chip port group, and one end of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line is connected with the transition structure through the matching step conversion structure.

6. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chip port group comprises eight chip ports, the eight chip ports are distributed in two columns and are symmetrically distributed left and right, four chip ports in each column are distributed at equal intervals from top to bottom, and the four chip ports in each column are arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom.

7. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four chip ports in the center are connected with four narrow-side waveguide antenna radiation structures, and the four chip ports on the upper and lower sides are connected with four wide-side waveguide antenna radiation structures.

8. An open waveguide antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the ridge of the open waveguide transmission line is s, the distance between the upper end face of the ridge and the cutoff height is δ, and the cutoff wavelength λ of the open waveguide transmission line is λ c = 4 * (s + δ).

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