Mining area distributed settlement meter and monitoring system thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides a mining area distributed settlement meter and a monitoring system thereof. A settlement meter body is arranged in a settlement monitoring area of a mining area; the power supply device is arranged in the first cavity of the settlement meter body; the pressure sensor is connected to the power supply device and is arranged in the second cavity of the settlement meter body; the liquid storage cavity is formed in the settlement meter body, the pressure sensor abuts against the liquid storage cavity to obtain pressure data, the liquid storage cavity is communicated with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the liquid inlet is located below the liquid outlet; the DTU acquisition device is arranged on the settlement meter body and connected to the pressure sensor to obtain the pressure data, the mining area distributed settlement meter and the monitoring system thereof can adapt to complex terrains of mining areas and can cover wider areas in different arrangement forms, and the monitoring comprehensiveness and accuracy are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of settlement measuring equipment and facilities, specifically relates to a mine area distributed type settlement meter and monitoring system thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Mine settlement monitoring is an important link to ensure the safety of mining activities. The existing settlement monitoring methods mainly include differential pressure type static leveling instrument, GNSS measurement, InSAR technology and other traditional measurement means. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, but there are still some problems and limitations in practical application, for example:

[0003] The differential pressure type static leveling instrument is used to monitor the settlement. It measures the relative height change between multiple measuring points to determine the settlement of the ground surface. However, this method is usually linearly arranged and cannot flexibly cover the complex and wide area in the mine area. In addition, long-distance cable wiring is prone to voltage drop, affecting the measurement accuracy. At the same time, the line is exposed in the wild and is easy to be damaged, with high maintenance cost and complex installation. It is necessary to install a liquid storage tank at a high place to maintain the initial pressure of the system, which increases the construction difficulty and cost;

[0004] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is used to measure the settlement. GNSS technology uses satellite signals for high-precision positioning of ground points and monitors the settlement by measuring the height change of multiple points. However, the disadvantage of GNSS measurement is that the cost is relatively high, especially when multiple measuring points need to be arranged in a widely distributed mine area, the equipment and maintenance cost increases significantly. In addition, the accuracy of GNSS technology is low in some environmental conditions (such as deep mine area or area with serious signal shielding), which is easily affected by atmospheric conditions and satellite signal interference;

[0005] InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) is used to measure the settlement. InSAR technology compares radar images obtained at different times to monitor the settlement of the ground surface. It has large area coverage and high accuracy. However, InSAR technology also has some shortcomings. First, the acquisition of InSAR data depends on the satellite transit time, so the timeliness of the data is poor, which makes it difficult to meet the application requirements of real-time monitoring. In addition, the accuracy of InSAR may be limited in complex mine area topography or densely vegetated areas, affecting the monitoring effect;

[0006] Traditional leveling is used to measure the settlement. Traditional leveling method uses a level and a ruler to measure the height change of ground points, which is a relatively classic settlement monitoring method. However, the operation of traditional leveling needs to be done manually, which is low in efficiency and has a huge workload when applied in a large area. In addition, due to the error of manual operation, the measurement accuracy is difficult to completely guarantee;

[0007] The tiltmeter is used for measurement, the tiltmeter is used for inferring the subsidence by measuring the change of the inclination angle of the structure, the method is suitable for monitoring the subsidence of a small area, has certain precision and easy use, but the application effect of the tiltmeter is limited in the large range mine subsidence monitoring, and the tiltmeter cannot provide accurate absolute subsidence data.

[0008] Based on the technical problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a mine area distributed settlement instrument and monitoring system thereof. SUMMARY

[0009] The utility model provides a mine area distributed settlement instrument and monitoring system thereof.

[0010] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0011] On the one hand, provide a kind of mine area distributed settlement instrument, comprising:

[0012] Settlement instrument body is set in the settlement monitoring area of mine area;

[0013] Power supply device is set in the first cavity of settlement instrument body;

[0014] Pressure sensor is connected to power supply device, and is set in the second cavity of settlement instrument body;

[0015] Liquid storage cavity is set in settlement instrument body, pressure sensor is abutted to liquid storage cavity to obtain pressure data, liquid inlet and liquid outlet are communicated on liquid storage cavity, and wherein, liquid inlet is located below liquid outlet;

[0016] DTU acquisition device is set on settlement instrument body, is connected to pressure sensor to obtain pressure data, and DTU acquisition device is connected to power supply device.

[0017] Further, the mine area distributed high-precision settlement instrument further includes a solar panel, the solar panel is fixedly arranged at the top end of the settlement instrument body, and the solar panel is connected to the power supply device.

[0018] Further, the power supply device includes a lithium battery and an internet of things battery, the lithium battery and the internet of things battery are connected to the pressure sensor, and the lithium battery and the internet of things battery are connected to the DTU acquisition device.

[0019] Further, a compression ring is arranged in the second cavity, and the compression ring is installed between the inner wall of the second cavity and the pressure sensor.

[0020] Further, a sealing ring is arranged in the second cavity, and the sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the second cavity and the outer wall of the pressure sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are not in the same direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom of the settling instrument body is provided with several fixing ears.

[0023] Furthermore, the DTU acquisition device integrates a LoRa wireless communication module, which is used to transmit the pressure data to a remote server.

[0024] Furthermore, the pressure sensor is connected to the DTU acquisition device via a sensor cable.

[0025] On the other hand, a distributed settling monitoring system for mining areas is provided, including an energy storage tank, a reference point, and the settling device. The energy storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the reference point, the liquid inlet of the settling device is connected to the liquid outlet of the reference point, and a plug is installed at the liquid outlet of the settling device.

[0026] Furthermore, the distributed settlement monitoring system in the mining area includes several settlement meters, with the liquid inlet of the first settlement meter connected to the liquid outlet of the reference point, the liquid outlet of the middle settlement meter connected to the liquid inlet of the rear settlement meter, and a plug installed at the liquid outlet of the last settlement meter.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the superior effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0028] 1. The distributed settling meter and its monitoring system in the mining area described in this utility model uses a single settling meter to monitor settling data, which can adapt to the complex terrain of the mining area and can cover a wider area in different layout forms, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring.

[0029] 2. The distributed settling meter and its monitoring system in the mining area described in this utility model adopts a combination of power supply methods of solar panels, lithium batteries and IoT batteries, and is equipped with LoRa wireless transmission, which greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency and data transmission stability of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the distributed settling device in the mining area in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed settling device in the mining area in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distributed settlement monitoring system in the mining area in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of network transmission of different monitoring points in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] In the figure, 1-lithium battery, 2-DTU acquisition device, 3-solar panel, 4-IoT battery, 5-pressing ring, 6-liquid inlet, 7-settling instrument body, 8-pressure sensor, 9-liquid storage cavity, 10-liquid inlet, 11-sealing ring, 12-sensor cable, 13-fixing lug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to enable the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application to be more clearly understood, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] EMBODIMENT

[0037] As shown in the figure, the mine area distributed settling instrument comprises: Figures 1-2

[0038] The settling instrument body 7 is arranged in the settlement monitoring area of the mine area;

[0039] The power supply device is arranged in the first cavity of the settling instrument body 7;

[0040] The pressure sensor 8 is connected to the power supply device and arranged in the second cavity of the settling instrument body 7;

[0041] The liquid storage cavity 9 is arranged in the settling instrument body 7, the pressure sensor 8 abuts against the liquid storage cavity 9 to obtain pressure data, and the liquid inlet 6 and the liquid outlet 10 are communicated with the liquid storage cavity 9, wherein the liquid inlet 6 is located below the liquid outlet 10;

[0042] The DTU acquisition device 2 is arranged on the settling instrument body 7 and connected to the pressure sensor 8 to obtain the pressure data, and the DTU acquisition device 2 is connected to the power supply device;

[0043] As a specific embodiment, the settling instrument body 7 is a cavity made of metal material, for example, made of stainless steel, carbon steel or aluminum alloy material;

[0044] Three cavities are arranged in the settling instrument body 7 in sequence, which are the first cavity, the second cavity and the liquid storage cavity 9;

[0045] ​The liquid inlet 6 and the liquid outlet 10 are respectively arranged at two ends of the liquid storage cavity 9 and respectively face different directions, for example, the liquid inlet 6 and the liquid outlet 10 face opposite directions.

[0046] The liquid inlet 6 is arranged below the liquid outlet 10, which can ensure that air is smoothly discharged and avoid that air bubbles in the liquid storage cavity 9 affect the measurement accuracy.

[0047] The mine area distributed high-precision settlement instrument further comprises a solar panel 3 which is fixedly arranged at the top end of the settlement instrument body and connected to the power supply device.

[0048] For example, the solar panel 3 is made of PET material and closely adheres to the top end of the settlement instrument body, which can maximize the use of sunlight for power generation, reduce the dependence on external power supply and improve the self-operation capability of the system.

[0049] The power supply device comprises a lithium battery 1 and an Internet of Things battery 4, both of which are connected to the pressure sensor 8 and the DTU acquisition device 2.

[0050] In the embodiment, the lithium battery 1 and the Internet of Things battery 4 are combined to ensure that the system can stably operate under different environmental conditions.

[0051] As a preferred, the lithium battery 1 and the Internet of Things battery 4 are designed to complement each other to prolong the operation time of the system.

[0052] Further, the lithium battery 1 and the Internet of Things battery 4 support multiple charging modes, for example, the solar panel 3 charges the lithium battery 1 and the Internet of Things battery 4 respectively.

[0053] The second cavity is provided with a compression ring 5 which is installed between the inner wall of the second cavity and the pressure sensor 8 and used to support the pressure sensor 8, which can effectively resist the pressure generated by the antifreeze in the liquid storage cavity 9 and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0054] The second cavity is further provided with a sealing ring 11 which is arranged between the inner wall of the second cavity and the outer wall of the pressure sensor 8.

[0055] In actual work process, the lower part of the core of the pressure sensor 8 directly contacts with the antifreeze in the second cavity to real-time sense the pressure change of the liquid, and through the sealing ring 11, the antifreeze can be effectively prevented from flooding the pressure sensor 8.

[0056] The pressure sensor is connected to the DTU acquisition device through a sensor cable.

[0057] The bottom of the sedimentation instrument body 7 is provided with a plurality of fixing ears 13, for example, 3 or 4 fixing ears 13, which are connected by bolts or anchoring. Through the fixing ears 13, the system can be stably installed at the monitoring point position of the mining area, and the adaptability and reliability of the system in complex environment are enhanced.

[0058] The DTU acquisition device 2 is integrated with a LoRa wireless communication module, which is used to transmit the pressure data to a remote server. The LoRa technology has the advantages of low power consumption and long distance transmission, and is suitable for the monitoring requirements of long distance and distribution in the mining area.

[0059] As shown in Figure 3 The mining area distributed sedimentation monitoring system comprises an energy storage liquid reservoir, a reference point and the sedimentation instrument. The liquid inlet 6 of the energy storage liquid reservoir is communicated with the liquid inlet 6 of the reference point, the liquid outlet of the sedimentation instrument is communicated with the liquid outlet of the reference point, and the liquid outlet 10 of the sedimentation instrument is provided with a plug.

[0060] As a specific embodiment, the mining area distributed sedimentation monitoring system comprises a plurality of sedimentation instruments. The liquid inlet 6 of the sedimentation instrument at the first end is communicated with the liquid outlet of the reference point, the liquid outlet 10 of the sedimentation instrument at the middle end is communicated with the liquid inlet 6 of the sedimentation instrument at the rear end, and the liquid outlet 10 of the sedimentation instrument at the end is provided with a plug.

[0061] Figure 3 Among them, the measuring points 1-1 to n are all the sedimentation instruments. The settlement amount of each measuring point is calculated by monitoring the reading change of the pressure sensor 8 in real time. Specifically, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor of each measuring point is proportional to the liquid level height of the measuring point. When settlement occurs, the liquid level height changes due to ground subsidence, resulting in a corresponding change in the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 8.

[0062] The DTU acquisition device 2 records the liquid level height and the corresponding pressure value P0 of each measuring point in the initial state. In the subsequent monitoring process, new pressure data P t ;

[0063] The settlement amount ΔH of each measuring point is calculated by the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] Among them:

[0066] Pt The pressure sensor reading at the current time;

[0067] P0 is the initial pressure sensor reading;

[0068] ρ is the density of the antifreeze (usually a known value);

[0069] g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m / s²). 2 );

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, by calculating the settlement amount ΔH and combining it with the reference point, the DTU acquisition device 2 can accurately determine the settlement of each measurement point relative to the initial state, and transmit the data wirelessly to the central server for aggregation and analysis, thereby obtaining the distributed settlement data of the mining area, and sending the distributed settlement data to the client.

[0071] In one exemplary application, the distributed settlement monitoring system for underground coal mines is used for monitoring surface settlement during mining operations. Multiple measurement points are deployed across the surface area of ​​the underground coal mine, primarily covering the area above the coal face, near the mine exit, and around key infrastructure. To obtain comprehensive data, the spacing between measurement points is set according to the size and geological conditions of the underground goaf. Using the distributed settlement monitoring system described in this application, minute settlement changes within the area can be detected.

[0072] During equipment installation, the settling meter body 7 at each measuring point is buried on the ground surface, and the liquid inlet 6 is located below the liquid outlet 10 to ensure that air can be effectively discharged and reduce the impact on the measurement results.

[0073] In addition, the distributed settlement monitoring system in the mining area is equipped with an automatic early warning function. When the surface settlement rate is detected to exceed the preset threshold, the system will immediately issue an early warning to notify the mining area management personnel to take emergency protective measures to avoid surface collapse from causing harm to the mine safety and the surrounding environment.

[0074] Another exemplary application is that the distributed settlement monitoring system in the mining area is used to monitor the sliding and settlement of the mine wall during open-pit mining. In terms of the layout of measurement points, multiple monitoring points are set up in the mine wall area of ​​the open-pit mine. These monitoring points are set up along different heights and positions of the mine wall to ensure that the sliding and settlement of the mine wall can be captured.

[0075] During installation of the device, the settlement meter body 7 of each measuring point is installed on the rock surface layer or stable bedrock of the slope surface of the mine, the design of the metal cavity can resist the physical impact of the surface rock layer of the mine, the sealing design ensures long-term stable operation of the device in the open environment, the installed solar panel supplies power for the device by absorbing sunlight, the lithium battery and the Internet of Things battery jointly provide continuous power support, and ensure that the device can normally operate under different weather conditions.

[0076] The monitoring data of the sliding and settlement of the mine slope are transmitted to the central monitoring system through the LoRa wireless communication module, the central monitoring system calculates the sliding speed and settlement of the mine slope by analyzing the data of each measuring point, and draws a two-dimensional image of the dynamic change of the mine slope, which can help the mine management personnel to intuitively understand the stability change of the mine slope and predict the potential landslide risk.

[0077] The utility model is not limited by the above embodiment, the above embodiment and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the utility model, and the utility model will have various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the utility model claimed. The protection scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A distributed settling meter for mining areas, characterized in that, include: The settling meter itself is installed in the settling monitoring area of ​​the mining area; The power supply device is installed in the first cavity of the settling device body; A pressure sensor, connected to the power supply device, is located in the second cavity of the sedimentation meter body; A liquid storage chamber is disposed within the sedimentation apparatus body. The pressure sensor abuts against the liquid storage chamber to obtain pressure data. The liquid storage chamber is connected to a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the liquid inlet is located below the liquid outlet. The DTU data acquisition device is installed on the settling meter body, connected to the pressure sensor to obtain the pressure data, and connected to the power supply device.

2. The distributed settling meter for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed high-precision settling meter in the mining area also includes a solar panel, which is fixedly installed on the top of the settling meter body and connected to the power supply device.

3. The distributed settling device for mining areas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power supply device includes a lithium battery and an IoT battery, both of which are connected to the pressure sensor and the DTU acquisition device.

4. The distributed settling meter for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure ring is provided in the second cavity, and the pressure ring is installed between the inner wall of the second cavity and the pressure sensor.

5. The distributed settling device for mining areas according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided in the second cavity, and the sealing ring is disposed between the inner wall of the second cavity and the outer wall of the pressure sensor.

6. The distributed settling device for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are not in the same direction.

7. The distributed settling device for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the settling instrument body is provided with several fixing ears.

8. The distributed settling meter for mining areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DTU data acquisition device integrates a LoRa wireless communication module, which is used to transmit the pressure data to a remote server.

9. A distributed settlement monitoring system for mining areas, characterized in that, The device includes an energy storage tank, a reference point, and a sedimentation device as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the energy storage tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the reference point, the liquid inlet of the sedimentation device is connected to the liquid outlet of the reference point, and a plug is installed at the liquid outlet of the sedimentation device.

10. The distributed settlement monitoring system for mining areas according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distributed settlement monitoring system in the mining area includes several settlement meters. The liquid inlet of the first settlement meter is connected to the liquid outlet of the reference point, the liquid outlet of the middle settlement meter is connected to the liquid inlet of the rear settlement meter, and the liquid outlet of the last settlement meter is equipped with a plug.

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