High-rigidity knife rest spindle structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a high-rigidity knife rest spindle structure which comprises a spindle body, a bearing, an end face key and a shell, the spindle body comprises a front-end spindle and a rear-end spindle, the shell comprises a front-end shell and a rear-end shell which are connected, and the front-end spindle is assembled with the front-end shell through the bearing. The rear-end main shaft is assembled with the rear-end shell through a bearing, the front-end main shaft and the rear-end main shaft are coaxial and are radially positioned and connected through an end face key, and a gap is reserved between the rear-end main shaft and the front-end main shaft. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the problems that heat affects machining precision, and machining and maintaining difficulty is large can be solved at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to lathe field, concretely relates to a high rigidity tool rest main shaft structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the shell and the main shaft structure in the commonly used tool rest structure are all integral type, and the limitation in the structural design, processing and assembly process is very big, such as the precision guarantee difficulty is bigger during processing, and the processing cost is higher in turn, it is inconvenient to maintain the tool rest in the later period, including replacing bearing, motor maintenance and the like, and the integral type main shaft in the processing process will cause the negative influence on the lathe machining precision to the heat generated by the motor, such as the heat transfer to the front end of the main shaft will affect the main shaft stiffness and cause the deformation, or lead to the thermal expansion of the main shaft, make the length and diameter of the main shaft change, or the high temperature will make the material performance of the bearing change, such as hardness reduction, strength reduction and the like.

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the heat generated by the motor causes the negative influence on the lathe machining, the patent for the main shaft unit of lathe with publication number CN102389987B discloses that the clearance formed between the fitting surface and the supporting surface radiates heat and avoids the mechanical stress caused by heat, but the foregoing problems are still not solved in a comprehensive manner. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model intends to provide a high rigidity tool rest main shaft structure to solve the problems that the heat influences the machining precision and the machining and maintenance difficulty is big in a comprehensive manner.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a high rigidity tool rest main shaft structure, including main shaft body, bearing, end face key and shell, the main shaft body includes front end main shaft and rear end main shaft, the shell includes connected front end shell and rear end shell, the front end main shaft is assembled with the front end shell through the bearing, the rear end main shaft is assembled with the rear end shell through the bearing, the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft are coaxial and are connected through the radial positioning of end face key between the two, and the gap is left between the rear end main shaft and the front end main shaft.

[0006] The technical effect of the scheme is that the main shaft body and the shell are divided into two parts, the gap is left between the rear end main shaft and the front end main shaft without direct contact, the motor on the rear end main shaft generates heat, when the heat energy is transferred to the gap between the rear end main shaft and the front end main shaft along the rear end main shaft, the air layer between the rear end main shaft and the front end main shaft blocks the heat energy transmission, thereby isolating the influence of the heat energy on the front end main shaft, because the main shaft is mainly subjected to cutting force during hobbing, and the rigidity of the tool rest main shaft is improved, so as to meet the machining precision of hobbing.

[0007] The present scheme is different from the scheme of setting a gap on the shell to solve the problem of heat transfer of the motor in the prior art. The prior art does not provide a technical scheme and technical inspiration of "broken shaft". The present scheme divides the main shaft body and the shell into two parts, and also achieves the following technical effects:

[0008] Reduce the deflection of the front end main shaft: the deflection generated during the rotation of the main shaft body also has a negative impact on the machining accuracy of the machine tool. The present scheme effectively reduces the deflection of the front end main shaft by dividing the main shaft body into two parts, which is also beneficial to improve the machining accuracy of the gear hobbing.

[0009] Save the material of the rear end main shaft: due to the larger diameter of the large end of the front end main shaft and the smaller diameter of the rear end main shaft, the main shaft body is usually forged from a bar. In order to meet the material requirements of the front end main shaft, the blank of the main shaft body will increase, resulting in waste of materials. After the main shaft body is divided into two parts, the rear end main shaft can be formed by using a small diameter bar, which can save the blank of the rear end main shaft and reduce the cost.

[0010] Reduce the machining difficulty of the shell: the shell is divided into two parts, which can reduce the machining difficulty and save the cost. First, the machining machine tool has a wider selection, and when the shell is a whole, a large machining machine tool is needed. After being disassembled, a smaller specification machine tool can be used for machining, the energy consumption of the equipment is reduced, and the machining cost is reduced. Second, after the shell is divided, a through hole is formed, which reduces the stepped hole machining of the whole shell, reduces the machining difficulty, and reduces the cost.

[0011] Reduce the maintenance difficulty: dividing the main shaft body and the shell into two parts is convenient for assembly and later maintenance. When maintaining and disassembling, the front end shell and the rear end shell are pulled apart, the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft are separated, the bearing on the front end main shaft is replaced separately, which is more convenient than first disassembling the bearing on the rear end main shaft and then disassembling the bearing on the front end main shaft.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the end face of the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft near one end is provided with a positioning groove, and an end face key is located in the positioning groove, and the end face key is fixed with the front end main shaft.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, a gap is also left between the end face key and the rear end main shaft.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, an outer spacer sleeve is provided between the bearing on the front end main shaft and the bearing on the rear end main shaft for supporting the outer ring of the bearing.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, two groups of bearings are provided on the front end main shaft, and an outer spacer sleeve is also provided between the two groups of bearings; and an inner spacer sleeve is also provided between the two groups of bearings for supporting the inner ring of the bearing.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, a locking member is arranged on the front end main shaft near the set of bearings of the rear end main shaft, the locking member comprises a locking screw and a locking ring, the locking ring is sleeved on the front end main shaft, the front end main shaft is provided with a ring groove, an elastic retainer is arranged at the ring groove, the locking ring is provided with a chamfer at the ring groove, the elastic retainer is in contact with the chamfer to axially limit the locking ring, an inner spacer is also arranged between the locking ring and the bearing, the locking screw is bolted with the locking ring, and the locking screw is in contact with the inner spacer.

[0017] The technical effect of the scheme is that the elastic retainer limits the locking ring, so that the end face of the locking screw which is screwed with the locking ring pushes the inner spacer to tighten the inner ring of the bearing.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the inner end faces of the front end shell and the rear end shell are provided with steps for supporting the outer rings of the bearings.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the front end main shaft is made of alloy steel material, and the rear end main shaft is made of ordinary steel material.

[0020] The technical effect of the scheme is that the front end main shaft is subjected to large cutting force, and the rear end main shaft mainly serves to support the motor, so that the front end main shaft is made of better alloy steel material, and the rear end main shaft is made of general steel piece, thereby saving cost.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the bearings on the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft are complete sets of bearings.

[0022] Preferably, as an improvement, the scheme further comprises a screw, the front end shell and the rear end shell are connected through the bearing on the rear end main shaft, the front end shell and the rear end shell are connected through the screw, and the screw is located below the front end shell and the rear end shell.

[0023] The technical effect of the scheme is that the front end shell is positioned and assembled through the bearing on the rear end main shaft, the front end shell and the rear end shell are connected through the screw below the front end shell and the rear end shell, the front end shell and the rear end shell are fixedly connected while the rest of the contact positions of the front end shell and the rear end shell have the possibility of slight relative movement, the front end shell drives the front end main shaft to have corresponding deflection through the bearing on the rear end main shaft when the rear end main shaft has slight deflection, so that the front end shell drives the front end main shaft to have consistent deflection with the rear end main shaft, the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft are kept coaxial, and the machining precision of the hobbing is improved, and the front end main shaft and the rear end main shaft are kept coaxial, and the machining precision of the hobbing is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0027] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: front spindle 1, receiving plate 2, bearing 3, inner spacer 4, front housing 5, outer spacer 6, end face key 7, set screw 8, locking ring 9, rear housing 10, rear spindle 11, and motor 12.

[0028] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 , 2 As shown: Figure 1 , 2 The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure shown includes a spindle body, bearings 3, end face keys 7, and a housing. The spindle body includes a front spindle 1 and a rear spindle 11. The front spindle 1 is made of alloy steel, and the rear spindle 11 is made of ordinary steel. The housing includes a front housing 5 and a rear housing 10. A receiving plate 2 is installed on the front end face of the front housing 5. The front spindle 1 is assembled with the front housing 5 through two sets of bearings 3, and the rear spindle 11 is also assembled with the rear housing 10 through two sets of bearings 3. The structure of the two sets of bearings 3 on the rear spindle 11 is mainly described at the left set of bearings 3, while the structure of the right set of bearings 3 is mainly the support structure and end cap sealing structure of the bearings 3.

[0029] It should be emphasized that the front and back ends of this solution are not the same concept as those of existing patents. The front end of the prior art is equivalent to the combined front and back ends of this solution, and the back end of the prior art is equivalent to the support structure of the right-side complete bearing 3 in this solution. Therefore, the prior art does not provide any inspiration for dividing the spindle body and the housing into two parts.

[0030] The front spindle 1 and the rear spindle 11 are coaxial. The end faces of the front spindle 1 and the rear spindle 11, which are close to each other, are each provided with four positioning grooves in the circumferential direction. The end face key 7 is located in the positioning groove, which provides radial positioning and connects the front spindle 1 and the rear spindle 11 to transmit torque. There is a gap between the rear spindle 11 and the front spindle 1. The end face key 7 is fixed to the front spindle 1 by screws. There is also a gap between the end face key 7 and the rear spindle 11.

[0031] An outer spacer 6 is provided between the bearing 3 on the front spindle 1 and the bearing 3 on the rear spindle 11 to support the outer ring of the bearing 3; an outer spacer 6 is also provided between the two sets of bearings 3 on the front spindle 1, and an inner spacer 4 is also provided between the two sets of bearings 3 to support the inner ring of the bearing 3; the bearings 3 are installed back to back.

[0032] The locking member is arranged at the group of bearings 3 on the right side of the front end spindle 1, and comprises a locking screw and a locking ring 9, the locking ring 9 is sleeved on the front end spindle 1, the front end spindle 1 is provided with a ring groove, an elastic retainer is arranged at the ring groove, the locking ring 9 is provided with a chamfer at the ring groove, the elastic retainer is in contact with the chamfer to axially limit the locking ring 9, an inner spacer 4 is arranged between the locking ring 9 and the bearing 3, the locking ring 9 is bolted with the inner spacer 4, and the inner spacer 4 is in contact with the inner spacer 4 to push the inner spacer 4 to tighten the inner ring of the bearing 3.

[0033] The inner end faces of the front end shell 5 and the rear end shell 10 are provided with steps for supporting the outer rings of the bearings 3. The connecting part of the front end shell 5 and the rear end shell 10 is tightened by the bearing 3 on the rear end spindle 11, the concentricity between the spindle body and the shell is positioned by assembling the bearing 3 on the front end shell 5 and the rear end spindle 11, the front end shell 5 and the rear end shell 10 are axially tightened by the screw, and the screw is located below the front end shell 5 and the rear end shell 10.

[0034] During assembly, the bearing 3, the inner spacer 4 and the outer spacer 6 are assembled on the front end spindle 1, the inner ring of the bearing 3 on the front end spindle 1 is locked by the inner spacer 4, the locking screw 8 and the locking ring 9, after the part is assembled, the whole is assembled into the front end shell 5; then the bearing 3 is assembled on the rear end spindle 11, the stator of the motor 12 has been assembled into the rear end shell 10 in advance, then the rear end spindle 11 is assembled into the rear end shell 10, and finally the rotor of the motor 12 is assembled, after the part is assembled, the outer spacer 6 at the locking member needs to be ground when the two parts are combined, and finally the front end shell 5 and the rear end shell 10 are screwed and tightened.

[0035] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge of the scheme are not described in detail. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical scheme of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, which will not affect the effect and practicality of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-rigidity tool post spindle structure, characterized in that: It includes a spindle body, bearings, end face keys, and housing. The spindle body includes a front spindle and a rear spindle. The housing includes a front housing and a rear housing connected together. The front spindle is assembled with the front housing via bearings, and the rear spindle is assembled with the rear housing via bearings. The front spindle and the rear spindle are coaxial and are radially positioned and connected by end face keys. A gap is left between the rear spindle and the front spindle.

2. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the front spindle and the rear spindle have circumferential positioning grooves on their end faces that are close to each other. The end face key is located in the positioning groove and is fixed to the front spindle.

3. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is also left between the end face key and the rear spindle.

4. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outer spacer is provided between the bearing on the front spindle and the bearing on the rear spindle to support the outer ring of the bearing.

5. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front spindle is equipped with two sets of bearings, and an outer spacer is provided between the two sets of bearings; and an inner spacer is also provided between the two sets of bearings to support the inner ring of the bearing.

6. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A locking element is provided at a set of bearings on the front spindle near the rear spindle. The locking element includes a locking screw and a locking ring. The locking ring is sleeved on the front spindle. The front spindle has an annular groove. An elastic retaining ring is installed in the annular groove. The locking ring has a chamfer at the annular groove. The elastic retaining ring contacts the chamfer to axially limit the locking ring. An inner spacer is also provided between the locking ring and the bearing. The set screw is bolted to the locking ring and contacts the inner spacer.

7. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the front and rear housings have steps on their inner end faces to support the outer ring of the bearing.

8. The high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front spindle is made of alloy steel, while the rear spindle is made of ordinary steel.

9. A high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bearings on both the front and rear spindles are complete sets of bearings.

10. A high-rigidity tool post spindle structure according to any one of claims 1 or 9, characterized in that: It also includes screws. The connection between the front housing and the rear housing is tightened by a bearing on the rear spindle. The front housing and the rear housing are connected by screws, which are located below the front housing and the rear housing.

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