Steel rail welding seam polishing equipment capable of automatically detecting and replacing grinding wheel
By combining a six-axis grinding robot arm with optical sensing imaging technology, automatic wheel replacement and inspection of rail weld grinding equipment have been achieved, solving the problems of insufficient inspection accuracy and low automation of existing equipment, improving processing efficiency and reducing safety risks.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing rail weld grinding equipment lacks accuracy in detecting wheel wear, and the low degree of automation in manually changing wheels leads to long downtime, affecting processing efficiency and posing safety hazards.
By employing a six-axis grinding robot arm and an automatic wheel changing device combined with optical sensing imaging technology, the automatic detection and replacement of grinding wheels can be achieved. Through multi-angle grinding by the six-axis grinding robot arm and fully automatic detection by the optical scanner, accurate wheel replacement and surface inspection are ensured.
It enables efficient and automated replacement and inspection of grinding wheels, reduces equipment downtime, improves processing efficiency, and reduces operational complexity by using optical sensing imaging methods, preventing safety hazards caused by grinding wheel breakage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224027177U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of rail weld polishing equipment, especially relates to a rail weld polishing equipment capable of automatically detecting and replacing grinding wheels. BACKGROUND
[0002] The rail weld polishing equipment is a kind of equipment for the surface treatment of rail welded joint, and in the process of polishing rail weld, the grinding wheel will be worn out, if the grinding wheel is worn out too much, the edge of the grinding wheel will be broken in the process of polishing rail weld, and the broken grinding wheel will splash around, causing harm to the workers, thus the thickness of the polished grinding wheel needs to be detected to determine the polishing life of the grinding wheel and prevent safety accidents, and the existing part of detection device can only simply detect grinding wheels of different thicknesses by ruler, cannot accurately judge and is difficult to detect the defects on the surface of the grinding wheel.Moreover, the manual replacement of grinding wheels has low automation degree, and the above-mentioned process has many and complicated operation steps, so that the equipment downtime is long when replacing the grinding wheel, the machining efficiency is affected, and the actual efficient production requirements cannot be met.
[0003] In addition, patent number CN218646227U discloses a grinding wheel piece flatness detection device, which comprises a base, a support seat connected to the base and capable of rotating freely, and a detection mechanism connected to the base and used for detecting the flatness of the grinding wheel placed on the support seat.The detection mechanism comprises a stand column detachably connected to the base and coaxial with the grinding wheel placed on the support seat, a support rod connected perpendicularly to the stand column, a plurality of bending rods connected to the support rod and capable of moving up and down relative to the support rod, and a display board connected perpendicularly to the base.The end of the bending rod abuts against the grinding wheel, and the other end is provided with a writing pen, and the writing pen draws a measurement trace on the display board when the bending rod moves up and down.
[0004] In the process of implementing the above-mentioned embodiments, it is found that at least the following problems exist in the related art:
[0005] The grinding wheel piece flatness detection device connects the detection mechanism to the base through the stand column during use, rotates the grinding wheel, and the end of the bending rod can jump up and down, and the writing pen at the other end of the bending rod slides on the display board to mark the flatness of the grinding wheel through the trace drawn.However, when the diameter of the grinding wheel is too large or too small, the number and position of the bending rods need to be adjusted to detect the entire end surface of the grinding wheel, so the operation is more troublesome. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0006] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a rail weld polishing equipment capable of automatically detecting and replacing grinding wheels, and the technical scheme of the utility model comprises:
[0007] Six-axis polishing mechanical arm, rail clamp, rail support frame and grinding wheel detector; the six-axis polishing mechanical arm comprises a six-axis moving arm body and a polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device; the polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device is connected to the front end of the six-axis moving arm body, realizes automatic replacement of the grinding wheel, and performs multi-angle full-automatic polishing on the rail weld; the rail clamp and the rail support frame clamp and support the rail to be polished; and the grinding wheel detector realizes detection and screening of the grinding wheel.
[0008] Preferably, the polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device comprises a double-shaft motor, a shaft coupling, a screw rod, a screw sleeve, a connecting flange, a sleeve, a connecting rod, a support plate and a grinding wheel; the double-shaft motor is fixed on the front end of the six-axis polishing mechanical arm, the double-shaft motor is connected to the screw rod through the shaft coupling, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve, the protruding end surface at the other end of the screw rod is fixed to the sleeve, and the sleeve is connected to the support plate through the connecting rod.
[0009] Preferably, the grinding wheel detector comprises an automatic door, a shell, a detection device and a recycling box; the detection device and the automatic door are located on the upper layer of the equipment, and the recycling box is located at the bottom of the equipment; and the upper end of the automatic door is connected to the guide groove fixed on the shell through the first sliding block.
[0010] Preferably, the turnover device comprises a transparent turnover plate, a crank, a rudder, a rudder fixing member, a first sliding rail, a second sliding block, a connecting bearing seat, a shaft, a connecting fixed bearing seat and a symmetrical rotating bearing; the rudder is fixed on the bottom plate on the upper layer of the shell through the rudder fixing member, the first sliding rail is also fixed on the bottom plate on the upper layer of the shell, the connecting bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate, one end of the crank is connected to the rudder, the other end of the crank is connected to the connecting bearing seat, the connecting fixed bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate, the second sliding block is assembled with the first sliding rail to make the second sliding block move linearly along the first sliding rail, the symmetrical rotating bearing is fixed on the second sliding block, and the symmetrical rotating bearing and the connecting fixed bearing seat are matched through the shaft.
[0011] Preferably, the lower surface detection device comprises a second motor, a second motor fixing seat, a screw rod, a screw rod shaft coupling, a screw rod flange plate, a third sliding block, a second sliding rail and a screw rod bearing seat; the second motor is fixed on the second motor fixing seat, the second motor fixing seat is fixed on the transparent turnover plate, the output shaft of the second motor is fixed to the screw rod through the screw rod shaft coupling, the other end of the screw rod is connected to the screw rod bearing seat, the screw rod bearing seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate, the second sliding rail is also fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate, the third sliding block is assembled on the second sliding rail, the screw rod flange plate assembled with the optical scanner is fixed on the third sliding block, the screw rod flange plate assembled with the optical scanner is also assembled with the screw rod, and the screw rod flange plate assembled with the optical scanner moves linearly under the drive of the motor to complete detection of the lower surface of the grinding wheel.
[0012] Preferably, the circumferential rotation detection device comprises a bevel gear motor, a bevel gear motor fixing frame, a bevel gear, a bevel gear guide shaft, a guide column seat, a flange sleeve, a sliding bearing, a cylindrical thrust roller bearing, a disc shell, an annular internal gear ring, a gear motor, a gear, a fixing frame, a second annular sliding rail, a second annular sliding block, a first annular sliding rail, a first annular sliding block and a right-angle optical scanner;
[0013] On the upper layer of the device, the bevel gear motor fixing frame and the guide column seat are fixed, the guide column seat is connected with the shell through the fixed connecting device, the bevel gear motor is fixed through the bevel gear motor fixing frame, the output shaft of the bevel gear motor is connected with the bevel gear, the bevel gear is matched with the bevel gear guide shaft, the bottom end of the bevel gear guide shaft is matched with the guide column seat through the sliding bearing, the upper end of the guide shaft is fixed with the guide column seat through the cylindrical thrust roller bearing, the outer surface of the bevel gear guide shaft is provided with threads matched with the flange sleeve, the flange sleeve is provided with a protruding guide block matched with the guide groove on the guide column seat, the guide groove is composed of a vertical straight groove and a semicircular groove, is used for limiting the flange sleeve, ensures that the flange sleeve is lifted along a straight line and can rotate by 180 degrees under the thread action of the bevel gear guide shaft, and the guide block of the flange sleeve is further matched with the disc shell assembled on the guide column seat, so that the disc shell is lifted and rotated along with the flange sleeve, the disc shell is internally provided with an annular internal gear ring and a second annular sliding rail, the annular internal gear ring is engaged with a gear, the second annular sliding rail is matched with a second annular sliding block, the gear is installed on the output shaft of a gear motor, the gear motor is connected with the second annular sliding block through a fixing frame, under the driving of the gear motor, the gear is engaged with the annular internal gear ring, the second annular sliding rail and the second annular sliding block are driven to rotate along the sliding rail, a right-angle optical scanner fixed on the fixing frame is driven to rotate by the gear motor, and the circumferential surface and the upper surface of the grinding wheel are scanned.
[0014] The steel rail weld polishing equipment with automatic detection and grinding wheel replacement can realize convenient and efficient inspection of the grinding wheel, and reduce the complexity of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic diagram of the automatic grinding wheel replacement device of the utility model Figure 1 ;
[0017] Figure 3 is the automatic replacement device structure diagram of the polishing grinding wheel of the utility model Figure 2 ;
[0018] Figure 4 is the automatic replacement device structure diagram of the polishing grinding wheel of the utility model Figure 3 ;
[0019] Figure 4 is the automatic replacement device structure diagram of the polishing grinding wheel of the utility model Figure 6 ;
[0020] Figure 7 is the appearance structure diagram of the grinding wheel detector of the utility model
[0021] Figure 8 is the internal structure diagram of the grinding wheel detector of the utility model
[0022] Figure 9 is the detection device structure diagram of the utility model
[0023] Figure 1 is the disc shell structure diagram of the utility model
[0024] Reference signs: 1 six-axis polishing mechanical arm, 2 steel rail, 3 steel rail clamp, 4 steel rail support frame, 5 grinding wheel detector, 1-1 polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device, 1-3 double-shaft motor, 1-4 coupling, 1-5 six-axis moving arm body, 1-6 support plate, 1-7 connecting rod, 1-8 sleeve, 1-9 screw sleeve, 1-10 grinding wheel, 1-11 connecting flange, 1-12 screw rod, 1-13 one-way limit rotary sliding groove, 1-14 buckle, 5-1 shell, 5-2 guide groove, 5-3 first sliding block, 5-4 No. 1 motor, 5-5 right-angle connecting rod, 5-6 automatic door, 5-7 recovery box, 5-8 rudder, 5-9 rudder fixing piece, 5-10 crank, 5-11 bevel gear motor, 5-12 bevel gear motor fixing frame, 5-13 guide column seat, 5-14 cylindrical thrust roller bearing, 5-15 bevel gear guide shaft, 5-17 disc shell, 5-18 transparent turnover plate, 5-20 symmetrical rotary bearing, 5-21 second sliding block, 5-22 shaft, 5-23 first sliding rail, 5-24 flange sleeve, 5-26 No. 2 motor fixing seat, 5-27 No. 2 motor, 5-28 screw rod coupling, 5-29 screw rod, 5-30 second sliding rail, 5-31 third sliding block, 5-32 connecting bearing seat, 5-33 sliding bearing, 5-34 bevel gear, 5-35 screw rod flange plate, 5-36 connecting fixed bearing seat, 5-37 screw rod bearing seat, 5-39 first annular sliding block, 5-40 first annular sliding rail, 5-41 right-angle optical scanner, 5-42 gear motor, 5-43 fixing frame, 5-44 second annular sliding rail, 5-45 second annular sliding block, 5-46 annular inner gear ring, 5-47 gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the following will make further detailed description to the utility model combining with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0026] In the description of the utility model, it should be pointed out that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or suggestive of the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model; the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicative or suggestive of relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0027] Referring to Figures 2-5 , the utility model discloses a steel rail weld polishing equipment capable of automatically detecting and replacing grinding wheel, and the technical scheme of the utility model comprises:
[0028] Six-axis polishing mechanical arm 1, steel rail clamp 3, steel rail support frame 4 and grinding wheel detector 5;Six-axis polishing mechanical arm 1 includes six-axis moving arm body 1-5 and polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device 1-1;Polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device 1-1 is connected to the front end of six-axis moving arm body 1-5, realizes the automatic replacement of grinding wheel, and carries out multi-angle full-automatic polishing to steel rail weld, steel rail clamp 3 and steel rail support frame 4 clamp and support the steel rail 2 to be polished, and grinding wheel quality detector realizes the detection and screening of grinding wheel.
[0029] Preferably, as Figures 6-7As shown, the automatic polishing wheel replacement device 1-1 includes a double-shaft motor 1-3, a shaft coupling 1-4, a screw rod 1-12, a screw sleeve 1-9, a connecting flange 1-11, a sleeve 1-8, a connecting rod 1-7, a support plate 1-6, and a grinding wheel 1-10; the double-shaft motor 1-3 is fixed on the front end of the six-axis polishing mechanical arm 1, the double-shaft motor 1-3 is connected to the screw rod 1-12 through the shaft coupling 1-4, the screw rod 1-12 is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve 1-9, the protruding end surface at the other end of the screw rod 1-12 is fixed to the sleeve 1-8, and the sleeve 1-8 is connected to the support plate 1-6 through the connecting rod 1-7.
[0030] Specifically, the bottom of the support plate 1-6 cooperates with the sliding groove of the screw sleeve 1-9 to enable the support plate 1-6 to make limited motion relative to the bottom sliding groove of the screw sleeve 1-9. The connecting flange 1-11 has a one-way limited rotary sliding groove 1-13 and a buckle 1-14 inside and is fixed with the grinding wheel 1-10. The one-way limited rotary sliding groove 1-13 can cooperate with the baffle at the bottom of the support plate 1-6. When the device as a whole rotates forward, the baffle at the bottom of the support plate 1-6 moves along the one-way limited rotary sliding groove 1-13. After moving for a certain angle, it is limited, so that the support plate 1-6 and the screw sleeve 1-9 are stationary relative to the connecting flange 1-11. The protrusions on the surface of the support plate 1-6 can cooperate with the buckle 1-14 inside the connecting flange 1-11. After the support plate 1-6 is connected and cooperated with the buckle 1-14, the automatic assembly of the grinding wheel 1-10 can be realized, and the grinding wheel 1-10 can be driven to complete the polishing of the steel rail weld. When the double-shaft motor 1-3 reverses, the support plate 1-6 is separated from the buckle 1-14 under the action of the thread, the six-axis moving arm body 1-5 separates the support plate 1-6 of the automatic polishing wheel replacement device 1-1 from the connecting flange 1-11, and the process of automatically disassembling the grinding wheel 1-10 is completed.
[0031] Preferably, as shown in the drawings, Figures 7-8 As shown, the grinding wheel detector 5 includes an automatic door 5-6, a shell 5-1, a detection device, and a recycling box 5-7; the detection device and the automatic door 5-6 are located on the upper layer of the equipment, the recycling box 5-7 is located at the bottom of the equipment, and the upper end of the automatic door 5-6 is connected to the guide groove 5-2 fixed on the shell 5-1 through the first sliding block 5-3.
[0032] Specifically, the upper end of the automatic door 5-6 is connected to the guide groove 5-2 fixed on the shell 5-1 through the first sliding block 5-3 to realize the limited motion of the automatic door 5-6. The rotary shaft behind the automatic door 5-6 is connected to the straight connecting rod 5-5, the other end of the straight connecting rod 5-5 is connected to the No. 1 motor 5-4 fixed on the shell 5-1, the No. 1 motor 5-4 rotates to drive the straight connecting rod 5-5 to rotate, thereby driving the automatic door 5-6 to move linearly along the guide groove 5-2 and rotate around the straight connecting rod 5-5, thereby realizing the automatic opening and closing of the automatic door 5-6, and at the same time, isolating dust and reducing the influence of external light source and dust on the optical scanner.
[0033] Preferably, as Figures 8-9 As shown in the figure, the detection device includes a turnover device, a lower surface detection device and a circumferential rotation detection device;
[0034] The turnover device includes a transparent turnover plate 5-18, a crank 5-10, a rudder 5-8, a rudder fixing member 5-9, a first sliding rail 5-23, a second sliding block 5-21, a connecting bearing seat 5-32, a shaft 5-22, a connecting fixed bearing seat 5-36 and a symmetrical rotating bearing 5-20; the rudder 5-8 is fixed on the upper layer bottom plate of the shell 5-1 through the rudder fixing member 5-9, the first sliding rail 5-23 is also fixed on the upper layer bottom plate of the shell 5-1, the connecting bearing seat 5-32 is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate 5-18, one end of the crank 5-10 is connected with the rudder 5-8, the other end of the crank 5-10 is connected with the connecting bearing seat 5-32, the connecting fixed bearing seat 5-36 is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate 5-18, the second sliding block 5-21 is assembled with the first sliding rail 5-23, so that the second sliding block 5-21 moves linearly along the first sliding rail 5-23, the symmetrical rotating bearing 5-20 is fixed on the second sliding block 5-21, and the symmetrical rotating bearing 5-20 is matched with the connecting fixed bearing seat 5-36 through the shaft 5-22.
[0035] Specifically, the symmetrical rotating bearing 5-20 and the connecting fixed bearing seat 5-36 are matched through the shaft 5-22, so that the transparent turnover plate 5-18 can rotate around the shaft 5-22 and move linearly along the first sliding rail 5-23, the turnover movement of the transparent turnover plate 5-18 is realized, and the severely worn grinding wheel 1-10 is poured into the lower layer recycling box 5-7.
[0036] Preferably, the lower surface detection device includes a second motor 5-27, a second motor fixing seat 5-26, a lead screw 5-29, a lead screw coupling 5-28, a lead screw flange plate 5-35, a third sliding block 5-31, a second sliding rail 5-30 and a lead screw bearing seat 5-37; the second motor 5-27 is fixed on the second motor fixing seat 5-26, the second motor fixing seat 5-26 is fixed on the transparent turnover plate 5-18, the output shaft thereof is fixed with the lead screw 5-29 through the lead screw coupling 5-28, the other end of the lead screw 5-29 is connected with the lead screw bearing seat 5-37, the lead screw bearing seat 5-37 is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate 5-18, the second sliding rail 5-30 is also fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate 5-18, the third sliding block 5-31 is assembled on the second sliding rail 5-30, the lead screw flange plate 5-35 assembled with the optical scanner is fixed on the third sliding block 5-31, the lead screw flange plate 5-35 assembled with the optical scanner is also assembled with the lead screw 5-29, and the lead screw flange plate 5-35 is driven by the motor to move linearly, so that the detection of the lower surface of the grinding wheel 1-10 is completed.
[0037] Preferably, as As shown, the circumferential rotation detection device includes bevel gear motor 5-11, bevel gear motor fixing frame 5-12, bevel gear 5-34, bevel gear guide shaft 5-15, guide column seat 5-13, flange sleeve 5-24, sliding bearing 5-33, cylindrical thrust roller bearing 5-14, disc shell 5-17, annular inner ring 5-46, gear motor 5-42, gear 5-47, fixing frame 5-43, second annular slide rail 5-44, second annular slide block 5-45, first annular slide rail 5-40, first annular slide block 5-39 and right-angle optical scanner 5-41;
[0038] On the upper layer of the device, the bevel gear motor fixing frame 5-12 and the guide column seat 5-13 are fixed, the guide column seat 5-13 is connected to the shell through a fixed connection device, the bevel gear motor 5-11 is fixed through the bevel gear motor fixing frame 5-12, the output shaft of the bevel gear motor 5-11 is connected to the bevel gear 5-34, the bevel gear 5-34 cooperates with the bevel gear guide shaft 5-15, the bottom end of the bevel gear guide shaft 5-15 cooperates with the guide column seat 5-13 through the sliding bearing 5-33, the upper end of the guide shaft is fixed to the guide column seat 5-13 through the cylindrical thrust roller bearing 5-14, the outer surface of the bevel gear guide shaft 5-15 is provided with threads to cooperate with the flange sleeve 5-24, the flange sleeve 5-24 has a protruding guide block to cooperate with the guide groove on the guide column seat 5-13, the guide groove is composed of a vertical straight slot and a semicircular slot, which is used to limit the flange sleeve 5-24, ensuring that it can rotate 180 degrees along the straight line under the action of the threads of the bevel gear guide shaft 5-15, the guide block of the flange sleeve 5-24 also cooperates with the disc shell 5-17 assembled on the guide column seat 5-13, so that the disc shell 5-17 can rise and fall and rotate with the flange sleeve 5-24, the disc shell 5-17 is internally provided with an annular inner ring 5-46 and a second annular slide rail 5-44, the annular inner ring 5-46 is engaged with the gear 5-47, the second annular slide rail 5-44 cooperates with the second annular slide block 5-45, the gear 5-47 is installed on the output shaft of the gear motor 5-42, the gear motor 5-42 is connected to the second annular slide block 5-45 through the fixing frame 5-43, under the drive of the gear motor 5-42, the gear 5-47 is engaged with the annular inner ring 5-46, pushing the second annular slide rail 5-44 and the second annular slide block 5-45 to rotate along the slide rail, the right-angle optical scanner 5-41 fixed on the fixing frame 5-43 performs circumferential motion under the drive of the gear motor 5-42, scanning the circumferential surface and the upper surface of the grinding wheel 1-10, the other end of the right-angle optical scanner 5-41 is fixed to the first annular slide block 5-39, the first annular slide block 5-39 cooperates with the first annular slide rail 5-40 installed on the disc shell 5-17, playing a supporting role.
[0039] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A rail weld grinding apparatus capable of automatically detecting and replacing a grinding wheel, characterised in that, Include: Six-axis polishing mechanical arm (1), rail clamp (3), rail support frame (4) and grinding wheel detector (5); The six-axis polishing mechanical arm (1) includes six-axis moving arm body (1-5) and polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device (1-1); The polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device (1-1) is connected to the front end of the six-axis moving arm body (1-5), realizes the automatic replacement of the grinding wheel, and carries out multi-angle full-automatic polishing on the rail weld, the rail clamp (3) and the rail support frame (4) clamp and support the rail (2) to be polished, and the grinding wheel detector (5) realizes the detection and screening of the grinding wheel; The polishing grinding wheel automatic replacement device (1-1) includes double-shaft motor (1-3), shaft coupling (1-4), screw rod (1-12), screw sleeve (1-9), connecting flange (1-11), sleeve (1-8), connecting rod (1-7), support plate (1-6) and grinding wheel (1-10); The double-shaft motor (1-3) is fixed on the front end of the six-axis polishing mechanical arm (1), the double-shaft motor (1-3) is connected with the screw rod (1-12) through the shaft coupling (1-4), the screw rod (1-12) is threadedly connected with the screw sleeve (1-9), the protruding end face at the other end of the screw rod (1-12) is fixed with the sleeve (1-8), and the sleeve (1-8) is connected with the support plate (1-6) through the connecting rod (1-7); The grinding wheel detector (5) includes automatic door (5-6), shell (5-1), detection device and recovery box (5-7); The detection device and the automatic door (5-6) are located on the upper layer of the equipment, and the recovery box (5-7) is located at the bottom of the equipment, and the upper end of the automatic door (5-6) is connected with the guide groove (5-2) fixed on the shell (5-1) through the first sliding block (5-3).
2. The rail weld grinding apparatus capable of automatically detecting and replacing the grinding wheel of claim 1, wherein, The detection device includes a turnover device, a lower surface detection device and a circumferential rotation detection device; The turnover device includes a transparent turnover plate (5-18), a crank (5-10), a rudder (5-8), a rudder fixing part (5-9), a first sliding rail (5-23), a second sliding block (5-21), a connecting bearing seat (5-32), a shaft (5-22), a connecting fixed bearing seat (5-36) and a symmetrical rotating bearing (5-20); The rudder (5-8) is fixed on the upper layer bottom plate of the shell (5-1) through the rudder fixing part (5-9), the first sliding rail (5-23) is also fixed on the upper layer bottom plate of the shell (5-1), the connecting bearing seat (5-32) is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate (5-18), one end of the crank (5-10) is connected with the rudder (5-8), the other end of the crank (5-10) is connected with the connecting bearing seat (5-32), the connecting fixed bearing seat (5-36) is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate (5-18), the second sliding block (5-21) is assembled with the first sliding rail (5-23), so that the second sliding block (5-21) moves linearly along the first sliding rail (5-23), the symmetrical rotating bearing (5-20) is fixed on the second sliding block (5-21), and the symmetrical rotating bearing (5-20) and the connecting fixed bearing seat (5-36) are matched through the shaft (5-22).
3. The rail weld grinding apparatus capable of automatically detecting and replacing the grinding wheel of claim 2, wherein, The lower surface detection device comprises a No. 2 motor (5-27), a No. 2 motor fixing seat (5-26), a lead screw (5-29), a lead screw coupling (5-28), a lead screw flange plate (5-35), a third sliding block (5-31), a second sliding rail (5-30) and a lead screw bearing seat (5-37); the No. 2 motor (5-27) is fixed on the No. 2 motor fixing seat (5-26), the No. 2 motor fixing seat (5-26) is fixed on the transparent turnover plate (5-18), the output shaft thereof is fixed with the lead screw (5-29) through the lead screw coupling (5-28), the other end of the lead screw (5-29) is connected with the lead screw bearing seat (5-37), the lead screw bearing seat (5-37) is fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate (5-18), the second sliding rail (5-30) is also fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent turnover plate (5-18), the third sliding block (5-31) is assembled on the second sliding rail (5-30), the third sliding block (5-31) is fixed with the lead screw flange plate (5-35) assembled with the optical scanner, the lead screw flange plate (5-35) assembled with the optical scanner is also assembled with the lead screw (5-29), and the lead screw flange plate (5-35) is driven by the motor to realize linear motion, so that the detection of the lower surface of the grinding wheel (1-10) is completed.
4. The rail weld grinding apparatus capable of automatically detecting and replacing the grinding wheel of claim 2, wherein, The circumferential rotation detection device comprises a bevel gear motor (5-11), a bevel gear motor fixing frame (5-12), a bevel gear (5-34), a bevel gear guide shaft (5-15), a guide column seat (5-13), a flange sleeve (5-24), a sliding bearing (5-33), a cylindrical thrust roller bearing (5-14), a disc shell (5-17), an annular internal gear ring (5-46), a gear motor (5-42), a gear (5-47), a fixing frame (5-43), a second annular sliding rail (5-44), a second annular sliding block (5-45), a first annular sliding rail (5-40), a first annular sliding block (5-39) and a right-angle optical scanner (5-41); On the upper layer of the device base, fixed bevel gear motor fixed frame (5-12) and guide column seat (5-13), guide column seat (5-13) and shell through fixed connection device connected, bevel gear motor (5-11) through bevel gear motor fixed frame (5-12) fixed, bevel gear motor (5-11) output shaft and bevel gear (5-34) connection, bevel gear (5-34) and bevel gear guide shaft (5-15) cooperation, bevel gear guide shaft (5-15) bottom through sliding bearing (5-33) and guide column seat (5-13) cooperation, guide shaft upper end through cylindrical thrust roller bearing (5-14) and guide column seat (5-13) fixed, bevel gear guide shaft (5-15) outer surface is equipped with thread and flange sleeve (5-24) cooperation, flange sleeve (5-24) has protruding guide block, with guide column seat (5-13) on the guide groove cooperation, guide groove by vertical straight slot and semicircular groove is composed, for limiting flange sleeve (5-24), ensure its in bevel gear guide shaft (5-15) thread action along the linear lifting and can rotate 180 degrees, flange sleeve (5-24) guide block is also assembled on the guide column seat (5-13) disc shell (5-17) cooperation, thus realizing disc shell (5-17) along with flange sleeve (5-24) up and down and rotate, disc shell (5-17) inside assembled annular ring gear (5-46) and the second annular slide rail (5-44), annular ring gear (5-46) and gear (5-47) meshing, the second annular slide rail (5-44) and the second annular slide block (5-45) cooperation, gear (5-47) installed on the output shaft of gear motor (5-42), gear motor (5-42) through fixed frame (5-43) and the second annular slide block (5-45) connection, under the drive of gear motor (5-42), gear (5-47) and annular ring gear (5-46) meshing, push the second annular slide rail (5-44) and the second annular slide block (5-45) along the slide rail do rotation, fixed on the fixed frame (5-43) right angle optical scanner (5-41) under the drive of gear motor (5-42) circular motion, scanning the circumference of the grinding wheel (1-10) and the upper surface, right angle optical scanner (5-41) the other end fixed to the first annular slide block (5-39), the first annular slide block (5-39) and installed on the disc shell (5-17) first annular slide rail (5-40) cooperation, play a supporting role.