Nonlinear vibration isolator based on belleville spring
By using a nonlinear design with disc springs and sleeve structures in the vibration isolator, stepless adjustment and high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness are achieved. This solves the problem of replacing springs when the vibration isolator has a large adjustment range, reduces costs and improves vibration reduction effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing subway vibration control technologies, when the adjustment range of the vibration isolator is too large, it is necessary to replace the spring with one of different specifications, which leads to high production and maintenance costs. In addition, the stiffness adjustment capability of traditional vibration isolators is limited, making it difficult to further improve the vibration reduction effect.
A nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs is adopted. By setting a sleeve in the base and adjusting the height of the sleeve using a height adjustment component, it is ensured that the elastic element and the moving part are in close contact. Combined with the nonlinear characteristics of disc springs, stepless adjustment and high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness are achieved. Damping material is filled in the sleeve to increase damping.
It reduces the production and maintenance costs of vibration isolators, improves vibration reduction effect, is easy to construct, and is easy to disassemble and replace internal components, meeting the design goals of high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness, and improving the vibration isolation performance of vibration isolators.
Smart Images
Figure CN224031386U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of urban rail transit, specifically to a nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring. Background Technology
[0002] The vibrations generated during subway operation can impact ancient buildings, precision instruments, and residents' lives in the surrounding environment, making it a globally recognized environmental problem. In recent years, with the promulgation and implementation of relevant policies such as the "New Noise Law" and the "Ten Measures for Noise Control," the conflict between residents' demands for quality of life and subway environmental vibrations has become increasingly prominent, leading to numerous social complaints that urgently need to be addressed.
[0003] Existing vibration control measures commonly used in subway systems mainly focus on the vibration source, including vibration damping fasteners, elastic long / short sleepers, trapezoidal sleepers, vibration damping pad floating slab tracks, and vibration isolator floating slab tracks. Among these, steel spring floating slab tracks, as the only special vibration damping measure, are widely used in subway lines, with the longest service life exceeding 20 years.
[0004] Vibration isolators are crucial elastic components in steel spring floating slab track systems, serving to support the superstructure load and isolate vehicle-induced vibrations. Traditional floating slab track design methods are based on linear vibration isolation theory, meaning that the natural frequency of the track system must be lowered by reducing the stiffness of the isolators to achieve vibration isolation. Therefore, without ensuring the vertical displacement of the track structure, it is impossible to further improve the vibration reduction effect through stiffness optimization. Furthermore, the stiffness adjustment capability of the helical springs used in traditional vibration isolators is relatively limited. If the height adjustment range is too large, different specifications of springs must be replaced; therefore, multiple specifications and sizes of springs need to be designed separately, resulting in high production and maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention provides a nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs to solve the problem in the prior art that different specifications of springs need to be replaced for adaptation when the adjustment range of the vibration isolator is too large.
[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs includes a base, a moving part located above the base, and an elastic element located between the base and the moving part. The elastic element includes a plurality of disc springs. It also includes a sleeve located inside the base and a height adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the sleeve relative to the base. The elastic element is located inside the sleeve, and the top end of the elastic element abuts against the moving part.
[0008] To address the problem in existing technologies where different specifications of springs need to be replaced for adaptation when the adjustment range of a vibration isolator is too large, this utility model proposes a nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring. While some existing vibration isolator structures use threaded connections for stepless adjustment, the internal elastic element may lose contact with the moving part when the isolator is adjusted to a large height, requiring replacement with other specifications of elastic elements, resulting in high production and maintenance costs. To overcome this problem, this application incorporates a sleeve within the base and adjusts the height of the sleeve relative to the base using a height adjustment component. This simultaneously adjusts the height of the elastic element within the sleeve relative to the base, ensuring that the elastic element always maintains close contact with the moving part. This overcomes the problem of needing to replace springs of different specifications for adaptation in existing technologies, eliminating the need to design multiple spare spring sizes and significantly reducing the production and maintenance costs of the vibration isolator. The height adjustment component in this application can be implemented using any existing technology that can be achieved by those skilled in the art, as long as it allows adjustment of the sleeve height while maintaining a constant base height.
[0009] In addition, the elastic element of this application includes several disc springs. Under the action of train load, the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolator will gradually decrease as its compression deformation accumulates, thus having the characteristics of "high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness", which is beneficial to improving the vibration reduction effect of the vibration isolator.
[0010] Furthermore, the sleeve is threadedly connected to the base. This solution achieves the lifting and lowering adjustment of the sleeve relative to the base through the threaded connection, while avoiding automatic changes in the sleeve height.
[0011] Furthermore, the height adjustment component includes a protrusion disposed on the inner bottom surface of the base and a recess disposed on the bottom surface of the sleeve and matching the protrusion. The outer wall of the protrusion is provided with a first external thread, and the inner wall of the recess is provided with a first internal thread matching the first external thread.
[0012] In this design, the protrusions rise upwards from the bottom of the base, and the recesses rise upwards from the bottom of the sleeve. During the process of installing the sleeve into the base, the sleeve is screwed in from top to bottom. Through the cooperation of the first external thread and the first internal thread, the sleeve can be installed and its height adjusted. This not only facilitates the adjustment of the sleeve height but also effectively positions the sleeve in the installation position, ensuring the stability of the sleeve itself.
[0013] Furthermore, damping material is provided inside the sleeve. This solution fills the sleeve with damping material to increase the damping of the vibration isolator; any liquid and / or solid damping material in the prior art can be applied.
[0014] Furthermore, the moving part includes a top plate, a transition ring located below the top plate, and a sealing ring located between the transition ring and the base; the top plate and the transition ring are threadedly connected; the top end of the elastic element abuts against the top plate.
[0015] Existing vibration isolators suffer from drawbacks such as inconvenience in partial disassembly, replacement of internal elastic components, and addition of damping materials. To address this, this solution improves and optimizes the moving part, which comprises a top plate, an adapter ring, and a sealing ring. The top plate mates with the outer sleeve of the vibration isolator, and the adapter ring is located below the top plate and threadedly connected to it. By adjusting the relative height between the adapter ring and the top plate, the vibration isolator can be continuously adjusted to achieve stepless height adjustment. The sealing ring prevents the internal damping material from overflowing.
[0016] In this application, after the top plate is connected to the adapter ring, it can be installed as a whole into the outer sleeve that is matched with the vibration isolator. When it is necessary to disassemble or replace the internal elastic element or sleeve, or to add damping material, it is only necessary to keep the adapter ring stationary and rotate the top plate to remove it. Therefore, compared with the prior art, this solution has the advantages of convenient construction, high assembly rate, and easy disassembly / replacement of internal elastic element, sleeve or damping material.
[0017] Furthermore, the inner wall of the top plate is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer wall of the transition ring is provided with a second external thread, the second external thread matching the second internal thread. This design allows the top plate to be threadedly connected to the outside of the transition ring, ensuring that the transition ring will not interfere with the outer sleeve when the top plate is connected to it. Additionally, when the height adjustment capability of the sleeve is insufficient, compensation can be made through the threaded engagement between the top plate and the transition ring, ensuring contact between the elastic element and the moving part and improving the height adjustment capability of the vibration isolator.
[0018] Existing steel spring vibration isolators typically employ equally spaced cylindrical helical compression springs, exhibiting a typical linear stiffness characteristic. When a train load passes, the quasi-static load acting on the floating slab track system first increases and then decreases, causing changes in the equivalent mass of the isolator. This results in the natural frequency of the track system deviating from the design value, making it difficult to achieve the desired vibration isolation effect. To overcome these problems, this application proposes several elastic element structures with nonlinear mechanical characteristics based on several disc springs in the elastic element. Under train load, the vertical stiffness of the isolator gradually decreases with the accumulation of its compression deformation, thus meeting the design goal of "high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness" and further improving the vibration isolation effect of the isolator.
[0019] Preferably, the plurality of disc springs are stacked sequentially in a forward orientation, with adjacent disc springs touching.
[0020] Those skilled in the art should understand that the forward stacking in this solution refers to the stacking of disc springs with the convex springs facing upwards.
[0021] Preferably, the plurality of disc springs are stacked in pairs, and the two disc springs in each pair are either facing each other in the same direction or facing each other in opposite directions.
[0022] In this application, forward alignment refers to the alignment of two disc springs with their concave surfaces facing each other. When the two disc springs are aligned forward, they contact each other at their outer edges. Conversely, in this application, reverse alignment refers to the alignment of two disc springs with their concave surfaces facing away from each other. When the two disc springs are aligned in reverse, they contact each other at their inner edges.
[0023] Preferably, the elastic element includes a first disc spring group and a second disc spring group distributed vertically; the first disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, and the two disc springs in each group are facing each other in the same direction or in opposite directions; the second disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in opposite directions, and adjacent disc springs are in contact with each other.
[0024] In this scheme, several disc springs are divided into two parts: a first disc spring group and a second disc spring group. The first disc spring group consists of a number of disc springs that are aligned in opposite or forward directions, and a number of disc springs that are stacked in opposite directions.
[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that the reverse stacking in this solution refers to the disc springs being stacked with the convex springs facing downwards.
[0026] Preferably, the elastic element includes a third disc spring group, a fourth disc spring group, and a fifth disc spring group distributed from top to bottom; the third disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other in the same direction; the fourth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in opposite directions, with adjacent disc springs touching each other; the fifth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other in opposite directions.
[0027] In this design, several disc springs are divided into a third part with different arrangement characteristics, which can further improve the vibration reduction effect.
[0028] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0029] 1. This utility model sets a sleeve inside the base and adjusts the height of the sleeve relative to the base through a height adjustment component, thereby synchronously adjusting the height of the elastic element located inside the sleeve relative to the base. This ensures that the elastic element can always be in close contact with the moving part, overcoming the problem in the prior art that it may be necessary to replace springs of different specifications for adaptation. It eliminates the need to design multiple specifications of springs for backup, significantly reducing the production and maintenance costs of the vibration isolator.
[0030] 2. The elastic element in this utility model includes several disc springs. Under the action of train load, the vertical stiffness of the vibration isolator will gradually decrease as its compression deformation accumulates, thus having the characteristics of "high static stiffness and low dynamic stiffness", which is beneficial to improving the vibration reduction effect of the vibration isolator.
[0031] 3. This utility model improves and optimizes the moving part, so that the moving part includes a top plate, a transition ring and a sealing ring. The top plate is used to cooperate with the outer sleeve of the vibration isolator. The transition ring is located below the top plate and is threadedly connected to the top plate. By adjusting the relative height between the transition ring and the top plate, the vibration isolator can be continuously adjusted to achieve the effect of stepless height adjustment.
[0032] 4. When it is necessary to disassemble or replace the internal elastic components or sleeves, or to add damping materials, simply keep the adapter ring stationary and rotate the top plate to remove it. Therefore, compared with the existing technology, this solution has the advantages of convenient construction, high assembly rate, and easy disassembly or replacement of internal elastic components, sleeves or damping materials.
[0033] 5. When the height adjustment capability of the sleeve is insufficient, it can also be compensated by the threaded fit between the top plate and the adapter ring, ensuring the contact between the elastic element and the moving part and improving the height adjustment capability of the vibration isolator. Attached Figure Description
[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 in a specific embodiment of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 in a specific embodiment of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 in a specific embodiment of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 in a specific embodiment of this utility model;
[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 5 in a specific embodiment of this utility model;
[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 6 in a specific embodiment of this utility model.
[0041] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:
[0042] 1-Base, 11-Protrusion, 21-Top plate, 22-Adapter ring, 23-Sealing ring, 3-Elastic element, 32-Sleeve, 321-Recess, 4-Damping material. Detailed Implementation
[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. In the description of this application, it should be understood that terms such as "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "vertical," "horizontal," "high," "low," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0044] Example 1:
[0045] like Figure 1 The nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs, as shown, includes a base 1, a moving part located above the base 1, and an elastic element 3 located between the base 1 and the moving part. The elastic element 3 includes several disc springs. It also includes a sleeve 32 located within the base 1 and a height adjustment assembly for adjusting the height of the sleeve 32 relative to the base 1. A damping material 4 is disposed within the sleeve 32, and the elastic element 3 is located within the sleeve 32, with its top end abutting against the moving part. In this embodiment, the elastic element 3 is partially located within the damping material 4.
[0046] In this embodiment, the sleeve 32 is threadedly connected to the base 1. The height adjustment assembly includes a protrusion 11 disposed on the inner bottom surface of the base 1 and a recess 321 disposed on the bottom surface of the sleeve 32 and matching the protrusion 11. The outer wall of the protrusion 11 is provided with a first external thread, and the inner wall of the recess 321 is provided with a first internal thread matching the first external thread.
[0047] In this embodiment, the moving part includes a top plate 21, a transition ring 22 located below the top plate 21, and a sealing ring 23 located between the transition ring 22 and the base 1; the top plate 21 and the transition ring 22 are threadedly connected; the top end of the elastic member 3 abuts against the top plate 21. The inner wall of the top plate 21 is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer wall of the transition ring 22 is provided with a second external thread, the second external thread matching the second internal thread.
[0048] In this embodiment, several disc springs, such as Figure 1As shown, the disc springs are stacked sequentially in the sleeve 32, with adjacent disc springs touching, that is, the bottom surface of the upper disc spring and the top surface of the lower disc spring are completely touching.
[0049] In a more preferred embodiment, a third external thread can be provided on the outer wall of the top plate 21 for threaded connection with the outer sleeve of the vibration isolator.
[0050] Example 2:
[0051] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, such as Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the plurality of disc springs are stacked in pairs, and the two disc springs in each group are facing each other, with the two disc springs in each group contacting each other at the outer edge.
[0052] Example 3:
[0053] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, such as Figure 3 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the plurality of disc springs are stacked in pairs, and the two disc springs in each group are opposite to each other, with the two disc springs in each group contacting each other at their inner edges.
[0054] Example 4:
[0055] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, such as Figure 4 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the plurality of disc springs includes a first disc spring group and a second disc spring group distributed vertically.
[0056] The first disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other in opposite directions.
[0057] The second disc spring assembly includes several disc springs stacked in opposite directions, with adjacent disc springs touching.
[0058] Example 5:
[0059] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, such as Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that in the first disc spring group, the two disc springs in each group are facing each other.
[0060] Example 6:
[0061] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, such as Figure 6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the elastic element 3 includes a third disc spring group, a fourth disc spring group, and a fifth disc spring group distributed from top to bottom.
[0062] The third disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other.
[0063] The fourth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in reverse order, with adjacent disc springs touching each other.
[0064] The fifth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other in opposite directions.
[0065] Example 7:
[0066] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs, which, based on embodiment 6, involves exchanging the positions of the third disc spring group and the fifth disc spring group.
[0067] Example 8:
[0068] A nonlinear vibration isolator based on disc springs, wherein, in any of the above embodiments, all disc springs satisfy: h0 / t=0.5~√2; where h0 is the height of the inner truncated cone of the disc spring and t is the thickness of the disc spring.
[0069] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0070] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Claims
1. A nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring, comprising a base (1), a moving part located above the base (1), and an elastic member (3) located between the base (1) and the moving part, characterized in that, The elastic element (3) includes several disc springs; it also includes a sleeve (32) located in the base (1) and a height adjustment component for adjusting the height of the sleeve (32) relative to the base (1); the elastic element (3) is located in the sleeve (32) and the top end of the elastic element (3) abuts against the moving part.
2. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (32) is threadedly connected to the base (1).
3. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment assembly includes a protrusion (11) disposed on the inner bottom surface of the base (1) and a recess (321) disposed on the bottom surface of the sleeve (32) and matching the protrusion (11). The outer wall of the protrusion (11) is provided with a first external thread, and the inner wall of the recess (321) is provided with a first internal thread matching the first external thread.
4. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Damping material (4) is provided inside the sleeve (32).
5. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving part includes a top plate (21), a transition ring (22) located below the top plate (21), and a sealing ring (23) located between the transition ring (22) and the base (1); the top plate (21) and the transition ring (22) are threadedly connected; the top end of the elastic member (3) abuts against the top plate (21).
6. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the top plate (21) is provided with a second internal thread, and the outer wall of the adapter ring (22) is provided with a second external thread, the second external thread being matched with the second internal thread.
7. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The disc springs are stacked sequentially in a forward orientation, with adjacent disc springs touching.
8. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The disc springs are stacked in pairs, with each pair of disc springs facing each other in either the forward direction or the reverse direction.
9. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The elastic element (3) includes a first disc spring group and a second disc spring group distributed on the upper and lower sides; The first disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, and the two disc springs in each group are either facing each other in the same direction or facing each other in opposite directions. The second disc spring assembly includes several disc springs stacked in opposite directions, with adjacent disc springs touching.
10. The nonlinear vibration isolator based on a disc spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The elastic element (3) includes a third disc spring group, a fourth disc spring group, and a fifth disc spring group distributed from top to bottom; The third disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other. The fourth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in reverse order, with adjacent disc springs touching each other. The fifth disc spring group includes several disc springs stacked in pairs, with the two disc springs in each group facing each other in opposite directions.