Slurry circulation system and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and particularly provides a slurry circulation system and a tunneling machine. The slurry circulation system comprises a slurry bin, an air cushion bin, a slurry inlet pipeline and a slurry discharge pipeline, a pressure sensor is arranged in the slurry bin, the slurry circulation system further comprises a complete pressure relief pipeline communicated with the slurry bin and an adjustable pressure relief pipeline communicated with a main slurry inlet pipe, and a complete pressure relief valve is arranged on the complete pressure relief pipeline. And an adjustable pressure release valve with an adjustable opening degree is arranged on the adjustable pressure release pipeline, so that the pressure of the muddy water bin is regulated and controlled by controlling the complete pressure release valve and the adjustable pressure release valve. The heading machine comprises the slurry circulation system. According to the embodiment, the pressure in the muddy water bin can be quickly released by arranging the complete pressure release valve, and normal construction under the condition that the pressure of the muddy water bin is suddenly increased is guaranteed. Meanwhile, aiming at the condition that the pressure of the muddy water bin is slowly increased, the flow of slurry entering the muddy water bin can be controlled through the adjustable pressure release valve, and then the pressure of the muddy water bin is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, especially relates to a mud circulating system and a tunneling machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The slurry balance shield machine and the related multi-mode tunneling machine (hereinafter referred to as the slurry type tunneling machine) discharge slurry and slag, which is a key step in the construction process, and the slurry circulating system related to the discharge of slurry and slag is a key system of the slurry type tunneling machine, wherein the slurry circulating system generally includes a slurry inlet pipeline, a slurry discharge pipeline, a bypass pipeline, a backflushing pipeline, a flushing pipeline and corresponding slurry pumps. At present, tunnel construction is developing towards super large depth, super large diameter and super complex stratum. For relatively complex stratum, the existing slurry type tunneling machine has no better way to deal with it.

[0003] Generally, the air cushion type slurry type tunneling machine can mix compressed air and slurry in the air cushion bin, indirectly control the pressure of the excavation bin by adjusting the air pressure, and is suitable for stratum with many surface buildings, high precision requirements for surface deformation and large water inflow. The slurry direct discharge type slurry type tunneling machine has high slurry discharge efficiency and low slurry cake blocking rate, and is suitable for stratum with few surface buildings and low precision requirements for surface deformation.

[0004] That is, the current air cushion type slurry type tunneling machine and the slurry direct discharge type slurry type tunneling machine are both single slurry discharge mode slurry type tunneling machines. For the air cushion type slurry type tunneling machine, the slurry discharge efficiency is low, and problems such as cutter head slurry cake, pump blockage and pipe blockage are prone to occur. For the slurry direct discharge type slurry type tunneling machine, although the slurry discharge efficiency is high, it is difficult to maintain the pressure of the slurry bin, and the construction risk is high.

[0005] The invention patent application with the application publication number CN105332711A discloses a slurry shield machine with a slurry circulating system, which includes an excavation bin (i.e. a slurry bin), an air cushion bin, a slurry inlet assembly, a slurry discharge assembly, a slurry inlet pump, a slurry discharge pump, a gate, a pressure maintaining device and a stone crushing device, etc. The gate is located between the excavation bin and the air cushion bin, and the excavation bin and the air cushion bin can be communicated when the gate is opened. In addition, the excavation bin and the air cushion bin are also communicated through a communication pipe. The slurry inlet assembly includes branch slurry inlet pipelines respectively communicated to the air cushion bin and the excavation bin, and the slurry discharge assembly includes branch slurry discharge pipelines respectively communicated to the air cushion bin and the excavation bin.

[0006] Based on the above structure, the above-mentioned slurry circulating system can realize two working modes:

[0007] When the system is in the first working mode, the gate is closed to isolate the excavation chamber and the air cushion chamber, the slurry inlet branch pipe connected to the excavation chamber is opened to introduce slurry into the excavation chamber, and the slurry outlet branch pipe connected to the excavation chamber is opened to pump out the slurry in the excavation chamber; when the system is in the second working mode, the gate is opened to connect the excavation chamber and the slurry chamber, the slurry inlet branch pipe connected to the excavation chamber and the slurry inlet branch pipe connected to the air cushion chamber are simultaneously opened to simultaneously introduce slurry into the excavation chamber and the air cushion chamber, and the slurry outlet branch pipe connected to the excavation chamber is opened to pump out the slurry from the air cushion chamber.

[0008] In the above two working modes, the first working mode is equivalent to a slurry direct discharge type, and the second working mode is equivalent to an air cushion control type, so that the above slurry circulation system has the advantages of the two modes. In order to maintain the pressure of the excavation chamber in the first working mode, the above slurry circulation system is further provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the excavation chamber, and the flow of the slurry inlet pump or the slurry outlet pump is adjusted according to the pressure of the excavation chamber. Specifically, when the pressure of the excavation chamber is higher than a set value, the flow of the slurry inlet pump can be reduced or the flow of the slurry outlet pump can be increased, and when the pressure of the excavation chamber is lower than the set value, the flow of the slurry inlet pump can be increased or the flow of the slurry outlet pump can be reduced, so as to maintain the stable pressure in the excavation chamber.

[0009] However, the above slurry circulation system still has the following problems: first, the flow of the slurry inlet pump or the slurry outlet pump is difficult to accurately control. For example, the rotational speed of the impeller of the slurry inlet pump or the slurry outlet pump is reduced to reduce the flow of the slurry inlet pump or the slurry outlet pump. However, in fact, even if the speed is reduced by a small amount, the flow of the slurry inlet pump or the slurry outlet pump may be suddenly reduced, and it is difficult to accurately control the flow, so it is difficult to accurately release the pressure of the slurry chamber under overpressure. Second, when the water pressure in the stratum is large, gushing water can easily cause the instantaneous pressure in the slurry chamber to be too high. At this time, only reducing the flow of the slurry inlet pump cannot release the pressure of the slurry chamber, and actual construction can easily cause the ground to arch, which does not meet the construction requirements. Practical new type content

[0010] The purpose of the present application is to provide a slurry circulation system to solve the technical problems of the prior art that the slurry circulation system is difficult to accurately adjust the pressure release of the slurry chamber and quickly release the pressure of the slurry chamber. The purpose of the present application is also to provide a tunneling machine to solve the same technical problem.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the slurry circulation system provided by the present application is:

[0012] The mud circulation system comprises a slurry tank, an air cushion tank, a slurry inlet pipeline and a slurry outlet pipeline, the slurry inlet pipeline comprises a main slurry inlet pipeline, the main slurry inlet pipeline is connected with a slurry tank slurry inlet pipeline leading to the slurry tank and an air cushion tank slurry inlet pipeline leading to the air cushion tank, the slurry outlet pipeline comprises a main slurry outlet pipeline, the main slurry outlet pipeline is connected with a slurry tank direct outlet pipeline leading to the slurry tank and an air cushion tank slurry outlet pipeline leading to the air cushion tank, a pressure sensor is arranged in the slurry tank, the mud circulation system further comprises a complete pressure relief pipeline in communication with the slurry tank and an adjustable pressure relief pipeline in communication with the main slurry inlet pipeline, a complete pressure relief valve is arranged on the complete pressure relief pipeline, and an adjustable pressure relief valve with adjustable opening degree is arranged on the adjustable pressure relief pipeline, so as to control the pressure of the slurry tank by controlling the complete pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve.

[0013] As a further improvement, the mud circulation system further comprises a pressure relief and blowdown system, and the adjustable pressure relief pipeline and the complete pressure relief pipeline are both in communication with the pressure relief and blowdown system.

[0014] As a further improvement, the complete pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve are both in communication with an automatic control system, so as to control the opening and closing of the complete pressure relief valve and the opening degree of the adjustable pressure relief valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0015] As a further improvement, the mud circulation system further comprises a pressure compensation pipeline, two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline are respectively in communication with different positions of the main slurry inlet pipeline at upstream and downstream, and the communication points of the two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline with the main slurry inlet pipeline are both located on the downstream side of the connection position of the main slurry inlet pipeline and a bypass pipeline in the mud circulation system, and an adjustable pressure compensation valve is arranged on the pressure compensation pipeline.

[0016] As a further improvement, the pressure compensation valve is in communication with an automatic control system, so as to control the pressure compensation valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0017] As a further improvement, the mud circulation system further comprises a slurry pump protection pipeline in communication with the main slurry inlet pipeline and the main slurry outlet pipeline, a slurry pump protection valve is arranged on the slurry pump protection pipeline, and the communication position of the slurry pump protection pipeline with the main slurry outlet pipeline is located upstream of a slurry pump arranged on the main slurry outlet pipeline.

[0018] As a further improvement, the two ends of the slurry pump protection pipeline are both connected with a bypass pipeline of the mud circulation system.

[0019] As a further improvement, the slurry pump protection valve is in communication with an automatic control system, so as to control the opening and closing or the opening degree of the slurry pump protection valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0020] The utility model belongs to the improved invention and creation, and its beneficial effects are: the slurry circulation system in the utility model is connected with slurry inlet pipeline and slurry discharge pipeline in mud water bin and air cushion bin respectively, and can realize two modes of direct discharge type and air cushion control type. The difference from the prior art is that the utility model is provided with complete pressure relief pipeline and adjustable pressure relief pipeline in the mud water bin. In the implementation, the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve can be adjusted to distribute the slurry to the mud water bin, so as to maintain the pressure balance of the mud water bin. For example, when the pressure of the mud water bin is too large, the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve can be increased to reduce the slurry flow into the mud water bin. For another example, when the pressure of the mud water bin has been released to approach the normal value, the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve can be reduced to increase the slurry flow into the mud water bin. This way can accurately control the slurry flow into the mud water bin, and then accurately control the pressure release of the mud water bin. At the same time, when the water pressure of the stratum is large, if the pressure of the mud water bin increases suddenly, the complete pressure relief valve can be opened, and the slurry in the mud water bin can be discharged through the complete pressure relief pipeline, so that the pressure of the mud water bin is quickly released, and the ground is prevented from arching due to excessive pressure, thereby meeting the construction requirements.

[0021] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a tunneling machine technical scheme:

[0022] A tunneling machine comprises a slurry circulation system, the slurry circulation system comprises a mud water bin, an air cushion bin, a slurry inlet pipeline and a slurry discharge pipeline, the slurry inlet pipeline comprises a main slurry inlet pipeline, the main slurry inlet pipeline is connected with a mud water bin slurry inlet pipeline leading to the mud water bin and an air cushion bin slurry inlet pipeline leading to the air cushion bin, the slurry discharge pipeline comprises a main slurry discharge pipeline, the main slurry discharge pipeline is connected with a mud water bin direct discharge pipeline leading to the mud water bin and an air cushion bin slurry discharge pipeline leading to the air cushion bin, a pressure sensor is arranged in the mud water bin, the slurry circulation system further comprises a complete pressure relief pipeline communicated with the mud water bin and an adjustable pressure relief pipeline communicated with the main slurry inlet pipeline, a complete pressure relief valve is arranged on the complete pressure relief pipeline, and an adjustable opening adjustable pressure relief valve is arranged on the adjustable pressure relief pipeline, so as to control the pressure of the mud water bin by controlling the complete pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve.

[0023] As a further improvement, the slurry circulation system further comprises a pressure relief and sewage discharge system, and the adjustable pressure relief pipeline and the complete pressure relief pipeline are both communicated with the pressure relief and sewage discharge system.

[0024] As a further improvement, the complete pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve are both connected with an automatic control system in communication, so as to control the opening and closing of the complete pressure relief valve and adjust the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0025] As a further improvement, the slurry circulation system further comprises a pressure compensation pipeline, two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline are respectively communicated with different positions on the upstream and downstream of the main slurry inlet pipeline, and the communication points of the two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline with the main slurry inlet pipeline are both located on the downstream side of the connection position of the main slurry inlet pipeline and the bypass pipeline in the slurry circulation system, and an adjustable opening pressure compensation valve is arranged on the pressure compensation pipeline.

[0026] As a further improvement, the pressure compensating valve is in communication with an automatic control system for controlling the pressure compensating valve in response to the pressure sensor.

[0027] As a further improvement, the mud circulation system further comprises a discharge pump protection pipe in communication with the main inlet pipe and the main outlet pipe, and a discharge pump protection valve is arranged on the discharge pump protection pipe, and the communication position of the discharge pump protection pipe with the main outlet pipe is located upstream of the discharge pump arranged on the main outlet pipe.

[0028] As a further improvement, both ends of the discharge pump protection pipe are connected to the bypass pipe of the mud circulation system.

[0029] As a further improvement, the discharge pump protection valve is in communication with an automatic control system for controlling the opening and closing or the opening degree of the discharge pump protection valve in response to the pressure sensor.

[0030] The utility model belongs to improved invention creation, its beneficial effect is: the mud circulation system of boring machine arranged in the utility model is communicated with inlet pipe line and discharge pipe line respectively in mud water bin and air cushion bin, and can realize two modes of mud water bin direct discharge type and air cushion control type. The difference from prior art is that the utility model is arranged with complete pressure relief pipe line and adjustable pressure relief pipe line in mud water bin, and when implementing, can adjust the opening of adjustable pressure relief valve to shunt the slurry to mud water bin, and then maintain the pressure balance of mud water bin, for example, when the pressure of mud water bin is too large, can increase the opening of adjustable pressure relief valve to reduce the slurry flow into mud water bin, and for example, when the pressure of mud water bin has been released to approach normal value, can reduce the opening of adjustable pressure relief valve to increase the slurry flow into mud water bin, this mode can accurately control the slurry flow into mud water bin, and then accurately control the release pressure of mud water bin. At the same time, when the stratum construction of water pressure is large, if the pressure of mud water bin increases suddenly, can open complete pressure relief valve, and the slurry of mud water bin can be discharged through complete pressure relief pipe line, so that the pressure of mud water bin is released quickly, and then avoid the ground arching caused by excessive pressure, satisfy construction requirement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic drawing of main part of boring machine embodiment in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic drawing of mud circulation system embodiment in the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 It is the schematic drawing of mud circulation system embodiment in the utility model under air cushion control mode;

[0034] Figure 4The utility model discloses a schematic diagram of mud circulating system embodiment in mud water warehouse direct discharge mode.

[0035] Figure 5 The utility model discloses a schematic diagram of mud circulating system embodiment in shutdown pressure maintaining mode.

[0036] Figure 6 The utility model discloses a schematic diagram of mud circulating system embodiment in bypass mode.

[0037] Figure 7 The utility model discloses a schematic diagram of mud circulating system embodiment in backwashing mode.

[0038] Figure 8 The utility model discloses other implementation mode schematic diagram of mud circulating system embodiment in mud circulating pump protection pipeline.

[0039] Mark explanation:

[0040] 1, cutter head;2, shield body;201, mud water warehouse;202, air cushion warehouse;203, sealing plate;3, communication pipe;4, complete pressure relief pipeline;5, complete pressure relief valve;6, main slurry inlet pipe;7, adjustable pressure relief pipeline;8, adjustable pressure relief valve;9, pressure compensation valve;10, slurry inlet pump;11, mud circulating pump protection pipe;12, mud circulating pump protection valve;13, mud circulating pump;14, bypass pipeline;15, backwashing pipeline;16, in-machine bypass;17, main mud discharge pipe;18, flushing pipe. Specific implementation

[0041] To solve the problem pointed out in the background art, the basic technical concept of the utility model is to control the slurry flow into the mud water warehouse by valve group diversion to the slurry warehouse, so as to accurately release the pressure of the mud water warehouse. At the same time, the complete pressure relief pipeline is configured for the mud water warehouse, which can quickly release pressure when the pressure of the mud water warehouse increases suddenly, so as to ensure the normal construction.

[0042] Based on the above concept, the utility model will be further described in detail in combination with different embodiments.

[0043] The specific implementation of the mud circulating system provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0044] As a most basic embodiment, the mud circulating system provided by the embodiment is used as a mud circulating system of a shield tunneling machine as shown in the figure. Figure 1The key systems of the illustrated slurry-type tunneling machine mainly include a slurry tank 201, an air cushion tank 202, a slurry inlet pipeline, a slurry discharge pipeline, a bypass pipeline 14, a backwashing pipeline 15, and the like. The slurry tank 201 refers to a cavity between the cutter head 1 and the front bulkhead of the shield body 2, and the air cushion tank 202 refers to a cavity between the front bulkhead and the rear bulkhead of the shield body 2. The air cushion tank 202 is connected with a gas pressure maintaining system. The gas pressure maintaining system can be consistent with the prior art, and thus will not be described in detail here. Figure 2 As shown, the slurry inlet pipeline includes a main slurry inlet pipeline 6. Naturally, a slurry inlet pump 10 should be arranged on the main slurry inlet pipeline 6. The downstream side of the main slurry inlet pipeline 6 is connected with the slurry tank 201 and the air cushion tank 202, respectively. According to the needs, corresponding branch slurry inlet pipelines can be arranged to respectively supply slurry to the slurry tank 201 and the air cushion tank 202. Specifically, the branch slurry inlet pipeline leading to the slurry tank can be defined as a slurry tank slurry inlet pipeline, and the branch slurry inlet pipeline leading to the air cushion tank can be defined as a slurry tank slurry inlet pipeline. The slurry discharge pipeline includes a main slurry discharge pipeline 17. Naturally, a slurry discharge pump 13 should be arranged on the main slurry discharge pipeline 17. The upstream side of the main slurry discharge pipeline 17 is connected with the slurry tank 201 and the air cushion tank 202, respectively. According to the needs, corresponding branch slurry discharge pipelines can be arranged to respectively discharge slurry from the slurry tank 201 and the air cushion tank 202. Specifically, the branch slurry discharge pipeline leading to the slurry tank can be defined as a slurry tank direct discharge pipeline, and the branch slurry discharge pipeline leading to the air cushion tank can be defined as an air cushion tank slurry discharge pipeline.

[0045] Meanwhile, a pressure sensor (prior art, not shown in the figure) is arranged in the slurry tank 201 to monitor the pressure inside the slurry tank 201.

[0046] It should be noted that the above-mentioned pipelines can be provided with valves and connection joints for controlling the opening and closing of the pipelines as needed, which will not be described one by one here.

[0047] The air cushion tank 202 and the slurry tank 201 are connected through an openable and closable communication device, which can be connected through a communication pipe 3 provided with an on-off valve. Of course, in other embodiments, the air cushion tank 202 and the slurry tank 201 can also be connected through a gate provided on the front bulkhead of the shield body 2.

[0048] Based on the above introduction of the related structure, the present embodiment has the following two modes of slag control:

[0049] I. Air cushion control type: as shown in Figure 3As shown, the communication pipe 3 is in an open state, the air cushion bin 202 and the slurry bin 201 are communicated, most of the slurry in the main pulp inlet pipe 6 is transported to the slurry bin 201, and a small amount of slurry is transported to the air cushion bin 202 through the corresponding branch pulp inlet pipe. After the slurry is given a certain pressure by the gas pressure maintaining system, based on the principle of the communicating vessel of the communication pipe 3, the slurry pressure is balanced with the water and soil pressure of the working face. The slag and stone cut by the cutter head 1 can enter the main pulp discharge pipe 17 through the branch pulp discharge pipe connected to the slurry bin 201 and continue to be discharged outward, and the slag and stone entering the air cushion bin 202 can also enter the main pulp discharge pipe 17 through the branch pulp discharge pipe connected to the air cushion bin 202 and continue to be discharged outward.

[0050] The air cushion control type is suitable for the situation that the working face has poor self-stability, the pressure control precision is high, the water inrush amount of the stratum is large, and the slag and stone or clay groups falling into the slurry bin 201 after being cut by the cutter head 1 have small and uniform particle sizes or no stone blocks.

[0051] II. The slurry bin 201 direct discharge type is as shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, the communication pipe 3 is in a closed state, the slurry bin 201 and the air cushion bin 202 are not communicated, all the slurry in the main pulp inlet pipe 6 is transported to the slurry bin 201, and the slag and stone cut by the cutter head 1 can enter the main pulp discharge pipe 17 through the branch pulp discharge pipe connected to the slurry bin 201 and continue to be discharged outward.

[0052] The slurry bin 201 direct discharge type is suitable for the situation that the working face has good stability, the pressure control precision is low, the water inrush amount of the stratum is small, and the slag and stone or clay groups falling into the slurry bin 201 after being cut by the cutter head 1 have small and uniform particle sizes or no stone blocks. The total pulp inlet and discharge flow required by this mode can be small, but since all the pulp slurry is pumped to the slurry bin 201, this mode can have better effects on preventing the cutter head 1 from forming mud cakes and lagging in discharge, and the energy or resource consumption is also small.

[0053] In the actual construction process, especially in the construction process of the slurry bin 201 direct discharge mode, the pressure of the slurry bin 201 may fluctuate. The fluctuation may be a slow fluctuation overpressure within a certain safety range, or a sharp fluctuation (for example, a large amount of water inrush in a high water pressure stratum), so it is necessary to maintain the pressure balance of the slurry bin 201.

[0054] In this embodiment, the mud circulating system further comprises a complete pressure relief pipe 4 communicated with the slurry bin 201, and the complete pressure relief pipe 4 is provided with a complete pressure relief valve 5. Meanwhile, the mud circulating system further comprises an adjustable pressure relief pipe 7 communicated with the main pulp inlet pipe 6, and the adjustable pressure relief pipe 7 is provided with an adjustable opening adjustable pressure relief valve 8.

[0055] Normally, the complete pressure relief valve 5 is closed. If the pressure in the slurry tank 201 increases suddenly and exceeds the maximum range in a short time (the judgment condition of sudden increase and the maximum range can be preset before construction), the complete pressure relief valve 5 is opened, and the waste slurry discharged can be discharged through the complete pressure relief pipe to quickly reduce the pressure in the slurry tank 201 and control the pressure in the slurry tank 201 to be stable. When the pressure in the slurry tank 201 decreases to the normal value, the complete pressure relief valve 5 can be closed.

[0056] In some cases, if the pressure in the slurry tank 201 increases slowly but does not exceed the maximum range, the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve 8 can be adjusted according to the overpressure condition, so that the slurry in the main slurry inlet pipe 6 can be discharged from the adjustable pressure relief pipe to reduce the flow of slurry into the slurry tank 201, thereby controlling the pressure in the slurry tank 201.

[0057] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the complete pressure relief valve 5 can quickly release the pressure in the slurry tank 201 to ensure normal construction under the condition of sudden increase of the pressure in the slurry tank 201. At the same time, for the case of slow increase of the pressure in the slurry tank 201, the flow of slurry into the slurry tank 201 can be controlled by the adjustable pressure relief valve 8 to reduce the pressure in the slurry tank 201. It is not difficult to understand that, compared with controlling the inlet slurry pump 10 and the slurry pump 13 to adjust the flow into the slurry tank 201, the adjustment mode of adjusting the opening of the valve is more accurate, thereby achieving the effect of accurately controlling the pressure in the slurry tank 201.

[0058] As a more preferred embodiment, the slurry circulation system further comprises a pressure relief and sewage discharge system, and the adjustable pressure relief pipe 7 and the complete pressure relief pipe 4 are both in communication with the pressure relief and sewage discharge system. Specifically, the pressure relief and sewage discharge system can include a collection and sewage discharge device (which can be carried on a trailer or a main machine behind the heading machine) having a collection cavity, such as a tank, a cylinder or a box structure. At this time, the waste slurry discharged can be collected and discharged from the collection and sewage discharge device. Specifically, it can be directly discharged into the external normal pressure environment inside the tunnel according to actual needs, and then removed by a slag removal device carried by the heading machine, or a pump can be provided on the pressure relief and sewage discharge device to directly discharge the waste slurry outside the hole. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the pressure relief and sewage discharge system can not be provided, and the adjustable pressure relief pipe 7 and the complete pressure relief pipe 4 can directly discharge the waste slurry into the tunnel.

[0059] As a further preferred embodiment, the complete pressure relief valve 5 and the adjustable pressure relief valve 8 are both in communication with an automatic control system, that is, the complete pressure relief valve 5 and the adjustable pressure relief valve 8 are both automatic control valves, such as electric valves, to control the opening and closing of the complete pressure relief valve 5 and the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve 8 according to the value of the pressure sensor. Compared with the scheme of manually controlling the complete pressure relief valve 5 and the adjustable pressure relief valve 8, this way has a higher degree of automation. The specific communication connection method and communication protocol can be consistent with the prior art, which is not limited here.

[0060] It should be noted that, most basically, the mud circulation system also has a bypass mode and a backflush mode, as shown in Figure 6 , the bypass valve on the bypass pipeline 14 is opened, the bypass pipeline 14 connects the main mud inlet pipeline 6 and the main mud outlet pipeline 17, and is needed to be connected during the switching mode. The backflush mode is as shown in Figure 7 , which is used to dredge the pipeline in the case of pipeline blockage. In addition, the mud circulation system is also provided with a flushing pipeline 18, which can be connected with the main mud outlet pipeline 17 or the main mud inlet pipeline 6. During construction in different modes, the slurry in the main mud outlet pipeline 17 or the main mud inlet pipeline 6 can be flushed to the cutter head 1 through the flushing pipeline 18 to prevent the cutter head 1 from forming a mud cake.

[0061] As another preferred embodiment, considering that the pressure in the slurry tank 201 may decrease during the switching mode and the pressure maintaining process, the mud circulation system further comprises a pressure compensation pipeline, two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline are connected to different positions on the upstream and downstream of the main mud inlet pipeline 6, and the connection points of the two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline with the main mud inlet pipeline are located on the downstream side of the connection between the main mud inlet pipeline 6 and the bypass pipeline 14. At the same time, an adjustable pressure compensation valve 9 is arranged on the pressure compensation pipeline.

[0062] As shown in Figure 5 , during the switching mode, if it is detected that the pressure in the slurry tank 201 decreases, the opening degree of the pressure compensation valve 9 can be adjusted according to the degree of decrease of the pressure in the slurry tank 201, so that slurry with a suitable flow rate can flow to the slurry tank 201 to maintain the pressure in the slurry tank 201. During the pressure maintaining process, due to the permeability of the working face, the slurry in the slurry tank 201 may be lost. At this time, the pressure compensation valve 9 can be opened under the closed state of the main valve on the main mud outlet pipeline 17 to supplement the slurry in the slurry tank 201.

[0063] As a further preferred embodiment, similarly, the pressure compensation valve 9 is also connected with an automatic control system in communication, which can control the pressure compensation valve 9 according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the mud circulating system further comprises a discharge pump protection pipe 11 connected with the main slurry inlet pipe 6 and the main slurry outlet pipe 17, and a discharge pump protection valve 12 is arranged on the discharge pump protection pipe 11. Specifically, both ends of the discharge pump protection pipe 11 can be connected to the bypass pipe 14, that is, the discharge pump protection pipe 11 is connected with the main slurry inlet pipe 6 and the main slurry outlet pipe 17 through the bypass pipe 14. The basic function of the discharge pump protection valve 12 is to protect the discharge pump 13. In the case that the main slurry outlet pipe 17 is blocked, to avoid damage of the discharge pump 13 due to empty pumping, the discharge pump protection valve 12 is opened to make the slurry directly enter the main slurry outlet pipe 17 from the main slurry inlet pipe 6, so as to ensure normal operation of the discharge pump 13. Similarly, the discharge pump protection pipe 11 can also be used as a pipe for auxiliary regulation of the pressure of the slurry tank 201. When the pressure of the slurry tank 201 is too high, the discharge pump protection valve 12 is opened to make the slurry enter the main slurry outlet pipe 17 from the main slurry inlet pipe 6, thereby reducing the flow of the slurry into the slurry tank 201.

[0065] The discharge pump protection valve 12 can be a valve with adjustable opening degree or a non-adjustable stop valve. Preferably, the discharge pump protection valve 12 can also be connected to the automatic control system in communication, and the opening and closing (for the stop valve) of the discharge pump protection valve 12 or the opening degree of the discharge pump protection valve 12 can also be controlled according to the value of the pressure sensor.

[0066] It should be noted that, in some other embodiments, the discharge pump protection pipe 11 can also be connected to other positions, such as Figure 8 As shown, the discharge pump protection pipe 11 can be connected to the backwashing pipe 15, or in the case that the machine internal bypass 16 (that is, the bypass pipe inside the main machine of the tunneling machine) is arranged, the discharge pump protection pipe 11 can also be connected to the machine internal bypass 16, or a separate pipe with two ends directly connected to the main slurry inlet pipe 6 and the main slurry outlet pipe 17 is arranged. However, when the discharge pump protection pipe 11 is arranged on the bypass pipe 14, the shortest slurry flow path can be obtained, and the slurry can flow to the discharge pump protection valve 12 quickly.

[0067] It should be noted that, in some preferred embodiments, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the bottom of the air cushion tank 202 is provided with a sealing plate 203, and the sealing plate 203 is higher than the branch slurry outlet pipe of the main slurry outlet pipe 17 leading to the slurry tank 201. In the case that the communication pipe 3 can ensure the communication between the slurry tank 201 and the air cushion tank 202, the slurry tank direct discharge pipe, that is, the branch slurry outlet pipe leading to the slurry tank 201, does not pass through the air cushion tank 202, and thus is not worn by the slurry in the air cushion tank 202, thereby achieving better protection of the pipe.

[0068] The specific implementation of the tunneling machine in the utility model is as follows:

[0069] The tunneling machine comprises a mud circulating system identical in structure to the specific implementation of the mud circulating system described above, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0070] Finally, it needs to be explained that the above is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still can be modified without paying creative labor to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacement is made to part of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mud circulation system comprising a mud tank, an air cushion tank, a mud inlet pipeline, a mud outlet pipeline, the mud inlet pipeline comprising a main mud inlet pipeline, the main mud inlet pipeline being connected with a mud tank inlet pipeline leading to the mud tank and an air cushion tank inlet pipeline leading to the air cushion tank, the mud outlet pipeline comprising a main mud outlet pipeline, the main mud outlet pipeline being connected with a mud tank direct outlet pipeline leading to the mud tank and an air cushion tank outlet pipeline leading to the air cushion tank, a pressure sensor being arranged in the mud tank, characterized in that, The mud circulation system further comprises a complete pressure relief pipeline in communication with the slurry tank and an adjustable pressure relief pipeline in communication with the main mud inlet pipeline, the complete pressure relief pipeline is provided with a complete pressure relief valve, and the adjustable pressure relief pipeline is provided with an adjustable opening adjustable pressure relief valve, so as to control the pressure of the slurry tank by controlling the complete pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve.

2. The mud circulation system of claim 1, wherein, The mud circulation system further comprises a pressure relief and blowdown system, and the adjustable pressure relief pipeline and the complete pressure relief pipeline are both in communication with the pressure relief and blowdown system.

3. The mud circulation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the entirety of The pressure relief valve and the adjustable pressure relief valve are both in communication connection with an automatic control system, so as to control the opening and closing of the complete pressure relief valve and adjust the opening of the adjustable pressure relief valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

4. The mud circulation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The mud circulation system further comprises a pressure compensation pipeline, two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline are respectively in communication with different positions of the main mud inlet pipeline at upstream and downstream, and the communication points of the two ends of the pressure compensation pipeline with the main mud inlet pipeline are both located on the downstream side of the connection position of the main mud inlet pipeline and the bypass pipeline in the mud circulation system, and the pressure compensation pipeline is provided with an adjustable opening pressure compensation valve.

5. The mud circulation system of claim 4 wherein, The pressure compensation valve is in communication connection with an automatic control system, so as to control the pressure compensation valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

6. The mud circulation system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The mud circulation system further comprises a mud discharge pump protection pipeline in communication with the main mud inlet pipeline and the main mud discharge pipeline, the mud discharge pump protection pipeline is provided with a mud discharge pump protection valve, and the communication position of the mud discharge pump protection pipeline with the main mud discharge pipeline is located upstream of the mud discharge pump arranged on the main mud discharge pipeline.

7. The mud circulation system of claim 6 wherein, Both ends of the mud discharge pump protection pipeline are connected to the bypass pipeline of the mud circulation system.

8. The mud circulation system of claim 6 wherein, The mud discharge pump protection valve is in communication connection with an automatic control system, so as to control the opening and closing or the opening of the mud discharge pump protection valve according to the value of the pressure sensor.

9. A heading machine characterized by The mud circulation system comprises the mud circulation system according to any one of claims 1-8.

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